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El edificio alberga un total de 95 apartamentos de tres tipos diferentes: 64 apartamentos de cuatro piezas y media, 25 de tres piezas y media, y 6 apartamentos con dos piezas y media. Una serie de locales secundarios—sótanos y garajes—están situados al E. y al O. del inmueble, edificados sobre el nivel del terreno, por haber encontrado la capa de agua subterránea a 1 m de profundidad. En las zonas verdes que rodean al edificio han sido organizados campos de deportes—fútbol, baloncesto, etc.— y lugares de juegos para los niños.

Micronuclei (MN) can form through many mechanisms, including the breakage of aberrant cytokinetic chromatin bridges. The frequent observation of MN in tumors suggests that they might not merely be passive elements but could instead play active roles in tumor progression. Here, we propose a mechanism through which the presence of micronuclei could induce specific phenotypic and functional changes in cells and increase the invasive potential of cancer cells. Through the integration of diverse in vitro imaging and molecular techniques supported by clinical samples from patients with prostate cancer (PCa) defined as high-risk by the D'Amico classification, we demonstrate that the resolution of chromosome bridges can result in the accumulation of Emerin and the formation of Emerin-rich MN. These structures are negative for Lamin A/C and positive for the Lamin-B receptor and Sec61β. MN can act as a protein sinks and result in the pauperization of Emerin from the nuclear envelope. The Emerin mislocalization phenotype is associated with a molecular signature that is correlated with a poor prognosis in PCa patients and is enriched in metastatic samples. Emerin mislocalization corresponds with increases in the migratory and invasive potential of tumor cells, especially in a collagen-rich microenvironment. Our study demonstrates that the mislocalization of Emerin to MN results in increased cell invasiveness, thereby worsening patient prognosis., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Even though the use of antibiotics for food-producing animals may contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotics are still used as growth promoters. Due to consumer and regulatory pressures, the use of alternatives to antibiotics as growth promoters is increasing, thus more information is needed on their capability to disseminate antimicrobial resistance compared to antibiotics. We investigated the impacts of carbadox (antibiotic), copper sulfate and zinc oxide (metals) and mushroom powder (natural product) on the pig fecal resistome and microbiome. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) and mobile genetic element (MGE) abundances were measured using a high-throughput qPCR array with 382 primer pairs. Bacterial community composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. More ARGs co-occurred with MGEs in the growth promoter group samples than in the control group samples. Community composition could not be linked to resistome in the growth promoter group samples, indicating a potential decoupling of ARGs and phylogeny. Additionally, machine-learning methods aided in defining the community and resistome differences in response to treatments. Since increased ARG mobility potential was the primary response to the dietary additives used in this study, we suggest that ARG mobility should be considered when designing antimicrobial use policies and antimicrobial resistance surveillances.

The complete ternary system Ni-Co-Al was fabricated as a thin film materials library by combinatorial magnetron sputtering and was annealed subsequently in several steps in Ar and under atmospheric conditions at 500 °C. Ni-Co-Al is the base system for both Ni- and Co-based superalloys. Therefore, the phases occurring in this system and their oxidation behavior is of high interest. The Ni-Co-Al materials library was investigated using high-throughput characterization methods such as optical measurements, resistance screening, automated EDX, automated XRD, and XPS. From the obtained data a thin film phase diagram for the Ni-Co-Al system in its state after annealing at 500 °C in air was established. Furthermore, a surface oxide composition map of the full Ni-Co-Al system for oxidation at 500 °C was concluded. As a result, it could be shown that at 500 °C an amount of 10 at. % Al is necessary for a Ni-Co-Al thin film to produce a protective Al-oxide scale.

Purpose: The goal was the validation of the Macular Mapping Test (MMT) for clinical use. We studied its susceptibility to blur caused by refractive errors and its test-retest reliability., Methods: We tested letter recognition in 33 target locations in the central visual field (10° radius) at two contrast levels, 10 and 100 per cent. Healthy subjects were either young (mean: 25.7 years) or elderly (mean: 67.0 years). A third group (patients with age-related macular degeneration, mean age: 76.4 years) were tested with their habitual optical correction and subsequently with optimal correction. The influence of refractive errors on performance was measured only for the healthy subgroups. All visual acuities were measured at 6.0 and 0.4 metres. Outcome measure was the 'general field score' (GFS), a single number expressing the overall level of letter recognition performance., Results: The general field score versus refractive error showed a mean loss of 3.9 points per dioptre and 5.9 points per dioptre in young subjects at 100 and 10 per cent contrast, respectively. In elderly subjects, mean losses were 2.6 points per dioptre and 5.5 points per dioptre for 100 and 10 per cent contrast, respectively. The general field score ratio (GFS at 10 per cent divided by GFS at 100 per cent) shows a decrease of eight per cent for the young group and 11 per cent for the elderly group. Performance increased after improvement of the refractive status in the AMD group: At 100 per cent contrast, the general field score increase from 21.5 to 24.1 (p < 0.008) was significant but not at 10 per cent contrast. Mean increase of acuity with the optimal correction was 0.32 to 0.46 decimal for distance (p = 0.018) and 0.28 to 0.44 decimal near (p = 0.018). Test-retest reliability was good but dependent on contrast., Conclusions: At both contrasts, performance declined with increasing blur caused by refractive errors. The slope of this decline is more pronounced at the lower contrast. In healthy subjects, optical blur beyond 1.00 D can cause significant performance losses., (© 2016 Optometry Australia.)

This paper presents a forensic engineering study on the biodegradation behaviour of prototype packaging thermoformed from PLA-extruded film and plain PLA film under industrial composting conditions. Hydrolytic degradation in water was conducted for reference. The effects of composting duration on changes in molar mass, glass transition temperature and degree of crystallinity of the polymeric material were monitored using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The chemical structure of water soluble degradation products of the polymeric material was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The results show that the biodegradation process is less dependent on the thermoforming process of PLA and more dependent on the composting/degradation conditions that are applied. The increase in the dispersity index, leading to the bimodal molar mass distribution profile, suggests an autocatalytic hydrolysis effect at the early stage of the composting process, during which the bulk hydrolysis mechanism dominantly operates. Both the prototype PLA-packaging and PLA rigid film samples were shown to have a gradual increase in opacity due to an increase in the degree of crystallinity., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To attempt to establish criteria to differentiate between chronic ulcerative stomatitis (CUS) and oral lichen planus (OLP) with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining alone., Study Design: Ten confirmed cases of CUS were reviewed from the Stomatology Clinic at the Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry., Results: The original diagnosis on H&E evaluation was OLP, chronic mucositis, or mucositis with lichenoid features, but subsequent direct immunofluorescence (DIF) revealed a positive speckled intranuclear deposition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the basal and parabasal layers of the epithelium, confirming a diagnosis of CUS., Conclusions: No consistent histopathologic features were present that would allow recognition of CUS from H&E analysis alone. DIF remains the gold standard for diagnosis., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: In this cohort of individuals with and without multiple sclerosis (MS), we illustrate some of the novel approaches that smartphones provide to monitor patients with chronic neurologic disorders in their natural setting., Methods: Thirty-eight participant pairs (MS and cohabitant) aged 18-55 years participated in the study. Each participant received an Android HTC Sensation 4G smartphone containing a custom application suite of 19 tests capturing participant performance and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Over 1 year, participants were prompted daily to complete one assigned test., Results: A total of 22 patients with MS and 17 cohabitants completed the entire study. Among patients with MS, low scores on PROs relating to mental and visual function were associated with dropout (p < 0.05). We illustrate several novel features of a smartphone platform. First, fluctuations in MS outcomes (e.g., fatigue) were assessed against an individual's ambient environment by linking responses to meteorological data. Second, both response accuracy and speed for the Ishihara color vision test were captured, highlighting the benefits of both active and passive data collection. Third, a new trait, a person-specific learning curve in neuropsychological testing, was identified using spline analysis. Finally, averaging repeated measures over the study yielded the most robust correlation matrix of the different outcome measures., Conclusions: We report the feasibility of, and barriers to, deploying a smartphone platform to gather useful passive and active performance data at high frequency in an unstructured manner in the field. A smartphone platform may therefore enable large-scale naturalistic studies of patients with MS or other neurologic diseases.

Objective: This study tested the applicability of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in a sample of obese adults in the context of physical activity., Method: Physical activity was assessed along with motivational and volitional variables specified in the HAPA (motivational self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, risk perception, intention, maintenance self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, recovery self-efficacy, social support) in a sample of 484 obese men and women (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2)., Results: Applying structural equation modeling, the fit of the HAPA model was satisfactory-χ²(191) = 569.93, p < .05, χ²/df = 2.98, comparative fit index = .91, normed-fit index = .87, and root mean square error of approximation = .06 (90% CI = .06, .07)-explaining 30% of the variance in intention and 18% of the variance in physical activity. Motivational self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and social support were related to intention. An association between maintenance self-efficacy and coping planning was found. Recovery self-efficacy and social support were associated with physical activity. No relationships were found between risk perception and intention and between planning and physical activity. The assumptions derived from the HAPA were partly confirmed and the HAPA may, therefore, constitute a theoretical backdrop for intervention designs to promote physical activity in adults with obesity., (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.)

The choice of appropriate control group(s) is critical in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker research in multiple sclerosis (MS). There is a lack of definitions and nomenclature of different control groups and a rationalized application of different control groups. We here propose consensus definitions and nomenclature for the following groups: healthy controls (HCs), spinal anesthesia subjects (SASs), inflammatory neurological disease controls (INDCs), peripheral inflammatory neurological disease controls (PINDCs), non-inflammatory neurological controls (NINDCs), symptomatic controls (SCs). Furthermore, we discuss the application of these control groups in specific study designs, such as for diagnostic biomarker studies, prognostic biomarker studies and therapeutic response studies. Application of these uniform definitions will lead to better comparability of biomarker studies and optimal use of available resources. This will lead to improved quality of CSF biomarker research in MS and related disorders.

Objective: Stage theories of health behavior are popular and of high practical relevance. Tests of the validity of these theories provide limited evidence because of validity and reliability problems. This study provides a bottom-up approach to identify behavioral stages from examining differences in underlying mindsets. We examine the concurrent validity of a latent-class-based approach and a commonly used stage-algorithm based on self-reports about intentions and behavior in order to identify possible strengths and shortcomings of previously used approaches., Methods: Social-cognitive variables and individuals' stages were assessed in a sample of 2,219 internet users. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify distinct groups with similar patterns of social-cognitive predictors. Convergent validity of the LCA solution and stage algorithms was tested by examining adjusted standardized residuals., Results: The LCA identified four distinct profiles-not intending to change, intending to change (no action), intending to change with action, and maintaining. Convergent validity with a stage algorithm was low, in particular in the nonintending and maintaining stages., Conclusion: Stages as assigned by the stage-algorithm did not correspond well with the extracted mindsets: This indicates that commonly used stage-algorithms might not be effective in assigning individuals to stages that represent mindsets, undermining the possibility for stage-matched interventions., (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.)

Objective: The purpose was to examine whether a 1-h intervention would help increase fruit consumption in motivated individuals and to study the role of self-regulatory mechanisms in the behaviour change process, with a particular focus on dietary planning and action control., Methods: A randomised controlled trial compared a 1-h online intervention with controls in 791 participants. Dependent variables were fruit intake, planning to consume and dietary action control., Results: Experimental condition by time interactions documented superior treatment effects for the self-regulation group, although all participants benefited from the study. To identify the contribution of the intervention ingredients, multiple mediation analyses were conducted that yielded mediator effects for dietary action control and planning., Conclusions: A very brief self-regulatory nutrition intervention was superior to a control condition. Dietary planning and action control seem to play a major role in the mechanisms that facilitate fruit intake.

Many individuals are motivated to improve their physical activity levels but often fail to act on their good intention. This study examines the roles of planning and self-efficacy in the prediction of physical activity. A total of 290 participants (77% women, mean age = 41.9 years) were surveyed three times. Intentions, planning, and physical activity were specified as a mediator chain. Results reveal that intentions were partly translated into physical activity by planning. Self-efficacy moderated this mediation, reflected by a planning × self-efficacy interaction (p < .05) on physical activity accounting for 16% of the variance in behavior. If a person is self-efficacious, planning seems more likely to be translated into physical activity.

When it comes to the adoption or maintenance of physical activity, individuals can be placed along a continuum or into stages of change. The Health Action Process Approach proposes three such stages: non-intentional, intentional and actional. Intraindividual differences are reflected by stage transitions: either progression or regression. The present study examines social-cognitive factors of stage transitions: outcome expectancies, self-efficacy and planning. In an online study on physical activity, 660 adults completed questionnaires at baseline and approximately 3 weeks later. Social-cognitive factors were converted into standardized residual change scores to account for changes in outcome expectancies, self-efficacy and planning within the observation period. Discriminant function analyses revealed stage-specific patterns: progression out of non-intentional stage was associated with self-efficacy increases. Out of intentional stage, regression was correlated with decreases in planning, whereas progression was linked to increases in self-efficacy and planning. Regression from action stage was associated with decreases in self-efficacy. Physical activity promotion should focus on improving self-efficacy for non-intending, intending and acting individuals, whereas planning interventions are recommended for intending individuals. Interventions may be more effective by considering specific mechanisms instead of providing generic interventions for all individuals at different stages.

Many individuals are motivated to improve their physical activity levels, but often fail to act upon their intention. Interventions fostering volitional strategies, such as action planning, coping planning, and self-efficacy beliefs, can help to translate intentions into behavior. This study examines the effectiveness and the mechanisms of a combined planning and self-efficacy intervention to promote physical activity among motivated individuals. Participants (N = 883) were randomly assigned to the intervention or to a waiting-list control condition. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that the intervention resulted in significantly more physical activity, higher levels of action planning, coping planning, and volitional self-efficacy beliefs (p < 0.01). In addition, multiple mediation analysis showed that action planning, coping planning, and volitional self-efficacy mediate between the intervention and physical activity. The study shows that the intervention successfully fostered physical activity and unfolds the underlying self-regulatory mechanisms of the intervention's effectiveness.

Intervention-engagement has received little attention in sports medicine as well as research and promotion of physical exercise. The construct is important, however, in the understanding of why interventions work. This study aimed at shedding more light on the interplay of engagement and the subsequent effectiveness of physical exercise interventions. A three-stage model differentiating among nonintenders, intenders, and actors informed the intervention design in this study. In an Internet-based randomized controlled trial (RCT) with two measurement points, N = 326 participants received a stage-matched, stage-mismatched, or control treatment. Assessed variables were goal setting, planning, behavior, and intervention-engagement. It was found that regarding goal setting, nonintenders in the stage-matched intervention and those who engaged highly in the stage-matched intervention improved significantly over time. Regarding planning, intenders in the matched condition as well as all actors increased their levels over time. Regarding behavior, nonintenders and intenders having engaged highly in the intervention improved more than those having engaged little. In order to help nonintenders progress on their way toward goal behavior, it is necessary that they engage highly in a stage-matched intervention. Implications for exercise promotion are that interventions should also aim at increasing participants' intervention-engagement.

A first step towards the improvement of daily dietary behaviors is forming an intention to change one's nutrition. However, an intention by itself is not sufficient for successful action. Rather, to translate intentions into behavior, careful planning is recommended. Thus, planning constitutes a mediator between the intention and the behavior. However, if a person lacks self-efficacy, this mediation might fail. Previous research in Costa Rica and South Korea has identified perceived self-efficacy as a moderator of the intention-planning-behavior relationship. To examine further the moderator role of self-efficacy, two additional studies were designed in Thailand and Germany. Study 1 surveyed 1718 Thai university students in terms of a low-fat diet; Study 2 surveyed 1140 German internet users in terms of their fruit and vegetable consumption at two measurement points in time, 6 months apart. Intentions served as predictor, planning as mediator, self-efficacy as moderator, and behaviors as outcomes. First, intentions were translated into nutrition behaviors by planning. Second, self-efficacy moderated this mediation in both studies: The strength of the mediated effect increased along with levels of self-efficacy, even when accounting for baseline behaviors. For planning to mediate the intention-behavior relation, people must not harbor self-doubts. If they lack self-efficacy, intentions are not well translated into nutrition behavior through planning.

To change dietary behaviors, people must be motivated to do so. But intentions often do not translate into behavior. Strategic planning (as a mediator) is expected to move people from intention to action. However, individuals who lack perceived self-efficacy might fail to apply their plans when encountering challenging situations. Thus, self-efficacy might operate as a moderator variable when it comes to studying the mediator effects of planning on behaviors. This study examines the interactive role of planning and self-efficacy in the context of dietary changes. A longitudinal sample of 411 employees was surveyed twice in terms of their fruit and vegetable consumption over a 4-week interval. Intentions, planning, and fruit and vegetable consumption were specified as a mediator chain with self-efficacy as a moderator at two stages of the putative change process. Baseline behavior served as a covariate in the model. Intentions were translated into dietary behavior by planning. Self-efficacy moderated this mediation at the second stage, reflected by a planning x self-efficacy interaction on fruit and vegetable consumption. The strength of the mediated effect increased along with levels of self-efficacy. Individuals with very low self-efficacy did not benefit from planning. If a person lacks self-efficacy, planning does not seem to translate intentions into fruit and vegetable consumption., (Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)