3,040 results on '"J. K. Hwang"'
Search Results
2. Space-time geometry, Modified Lorentz transformations Inflation, Dark energy and CTP-symmetric universe
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J. K. Hwang
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- 2020
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3. Space-time geometry, Modified Lorentz transformations, Inflation, Dark energy and CPT-symmetric universe
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J. K. Hwang
- Published
- 2019
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4. Time-, charge-, space-, and quantum state-symmetric universe
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J. K. Hwang
- Published
- 2019
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5. Triaxial deformations in neutron-rich nuclei with Z = 41 – 46, A ~ 100 – 116 based on prompt fission γ spectroscopy
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Y. X. Liu, A. V. Ramayya, Y. X. Luo, Yu Sun, Yu. Oganessian, S. J. Zhu, J. H. Hamilton, S. H. Liu, Furong Xu, E. H. Wang, W. C. Ma, S. Frauendorf, John O. Rasmussen, and J. K. Hwang
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Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Fission ,QC1-999 ,Nuclear Theory ,Deformation (meteorology) ,Physics::Classical Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Physics::Geophysics ,Nuclear physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Neutron ,010306 general physics ,Spectroscopy ,Nuclear Experiment ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The paper reviews the systematic studies of triaxial deformations, new mode excitations and shape evolutions with regard to triaxial deformation in the neutron-rich nuclei with Z = 41-46, A~100-116.
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- 2018
6. Special Issue "Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine".
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Ofir, Rivka
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CYTOLOGY ,NEURAL stem cells ,STEM cells ,DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology ,REGENERATIVE medicine ,INDUCED pluripotent stem cells ,LIVER cells ,PLURIPOTENT stem cells - Abstract
Huamin zhang et al. review upcoming stem cell transplantation methods for clinical application, and the results of ongoing clinical trials, to provide ideas for the clinical use of stem cell transplantation as a potential treatment for Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic, relapsing disease that severely affects patients' quality of life [[25]]. 35887140 14 Park S.-Y., Kim D.-S., Kim H.-M., Lee J.-K., Hwang D.-Y., Kim T.-H., You S., Han D.K. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Neural Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells. Agnieszka Surowiecka et al. describe in their review the use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of a burn wound and conclude that cellular therapy in burn wound treatment remains an experimental method [[22]]. Amelia Cataldi et al. studied how the mineralization of pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs, dental pulp stem cells) is affected by inducible NOS (iNOS) upregulation. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
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7. High spin structure of the neutron-rich 139, 142Cs nuclei
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G. M. Ter-Akopian, A. Gargano, W. C. Ma, A. Covello, Nunzio Itaco, J. K. Hwang, J. H. Hamilton, A. V. Ramayya, S. H. Liu, A. V. Daniel, Y. X. Luo, J. O. Rasmussen, S. J. Zhu, S. H., Liu, J. H., Hamilton, A. V., Ramayya, A., Covello, A., Gargano, Itaco, Nunzio, Y. X., Luo, J. O., Rasmussen, J. K., Hwang, A. V., Daniel, G. M., Ter Akopian, S. J., Zhu, W. C., Mag, and Covello, Aldo
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Spin polarization ,Condensed matter physics ,Neutron ,Magnetization transfer ,Spin structure ,Zero field splitting ,Quantum spin liquid - Published
- 2010
8. High spin structure of the neutron-rich nuclei 137I and 139Cs
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S. H. Liu, J. H. Hamilton, A. V. Ramayya, A. Gargano, Y. X. Luo, J. O. Rasmussen, J. K. Hwang, A. V. Daniel, G. M. Ter Akopian, S. J. Zhu, W. C. Ma, COVELLO, ALDO, ITACO, NUNZIO, S. H., Liu, J. H., Hamilton, A. V., Ramayya, A., Covello, A., Gargano, Itaco, Nunzio, Y. X., Luo, J. O., Rasmussen, J. K., Hwang, A. V., Daniel, G. M., Ter Akopian, S. J., Zhu, W. C., Ma, and Covello, Aldo
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- 2009
9. Matrix Metalloproteinases on Skin Photoaging.
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Feng C, Chen X, Yin X, Jiang Y, and Zhao C
- Abstract
Background: Skin aging is characterized by an imbalance between the generation and degradation of extracellular matrix molecules (ECM). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the primary enzymes responsible for ECM breakdown. Intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli can induce different MMPs. However, there is limited literature especially on the summary of skin MMPs and potential inhibitors., Objective: We aim to focus on the upregulation of MMP expression or activity in skin cells following exposure to UV radiation. We also would like to offer valuable insights into potential clinical applications of MMP inhibitors for mitigating skin aging., Methods: This article presents the summary of prior research, which involved an extensive literature search across diverse academic databases including Web of Science and PubMed., Results: Our findings offer a comprehensive insight into the effects of MMPs on skin aging after UV irradiation, including their substrate preferences and distinct roles in this process. Additionally, a comprehensive list of natural plant and animal extracts, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, as well as natural and synthetic compounds that serve as inhibitors for MMPs is compiled., Conclusion: Skin aging is a complex process influenced by environmental factors and MMPs. Research focuses on UV-induced skin damage and the formation of Advanced Glycosylation End Products (AGEs), leading to wrinkles and impaired functionality. Inhibiting MMPs is crucial for maintaining youthful skin. Natural sources of MMP inhibitor substances, such as extracts from plants and animals, offer a safer approach to obtain inhibitors through dietary supplements. Studying isolated active ingredients can contribute to developing targeted MMP inhibitors., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2024
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10. New Levels in $^{151-153}$Pr by Combining High Statistics Gamma Coincidence Data and Mass/z Gated Gamma Spectra
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M. Rejmund, Sumita Bhattacharyya, G. M. Ter-Akopian, N. T. Brewer, Sutao Zhu, A. Lemasson, A. V. Ramayya, S. H. Liu, A. Navin, J. K. Hwang, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, E. H. Wang, J. H. Hamilton, J. O. Rasmussen, J. M. Eldridge, Y. X. Luo, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yu. E. Penionzhkevich, Yu. G. Sobolev, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)
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Nuclear physics ,Physics ,new transitions ,151-153Pr ,[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex] ,Coincidence ,Spectral line ,mass assignments - Abstract
Expérience GANIL/VAMOS/EXOGAM; International audience; The previously reported levels and assignments to 151,152,153Pr have recently been called into question about the mass assignment to the reported bands. Recently prompt γ-rays in coincidence with isotopically-identified fission fragments using VAMOS++ and EXOGAM, produced using 238U on a 9Be target have been reported. To clarify the recently questioned mass assignments of 151,152,153Pr, the γ-γ-γ-γ data from 252Cf (SF) by using Gammasphere and the GANIL in-beam mass- and Z-gated γ-spectra were combined to assign transitions and levels in these Pr isotopes. The transitions and levels previously assigned to 151,153Pr have been confirmed by the M-Z gated spectra. The transitions previously assigned to 152Pr are now assigned to 151Pr by using the M-Z gated spectra. Three new bands with 24 new transitions in 152Pr and one new band with 7 new transitions in 153Pr are identified. The Yttrium fission partners of all the 151,152,153Pr have Gaussian yield distributions that peak at the 3n channel.
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- 2014
11. Search for possible one- and two-phonon octupole vibrational states in 134Sb, 134,135Te, 135,136I, 137Xe and 139Ba near 132Sn.
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J. K. Hwang, Hamilton, J. H., Ramayya, A. V., and Y. X. Luo
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HIGH spin physics ,NUCLEAR energy levels ,NUCLEAR structure ,MECHANICAL vibration research ,PHONONS - Abstract
High spin states of
134 Sb,134,135 Te,135,136 I,137 Xe and139 Ba near132 Sn are reanalysed in order to search for octupole phonon vibrational states. New spins and parities are tentatively assigned to the 2203.9 keV state in137 Xe and the 1976.6 and 2091.7 keV states in139 Ba from the state energy plots of the N = 82 and 83 nuclei. High spin states of134 Sb,134,135 Te,135,136 I,137 Xe and139 Ba connected by E1, E3/M2 and E3 transitions are proposed, for the ?rst time, as zero-, one- and two-phonon octupole vibrational (POV) states. One- and two-POV states in134 Sb and135 Te are built on a 7- (πg7/2 υf7/2 ) state and a1 9/2- (υf7/2 ⊗61 + ) state, respectively. One-POV states built on the 19/2- (υf7/2 ⊗61 + ) and the 21/2- (υh9/2 ⊗62 + ) states coexist in137 Xe. Then, one- and two-POV states in139 Ba are built only on the 21/2- (υh9/2 62 + ) state. One- and two-POV states in134 Te are built on the 62 + state with some mixing with the 61 + state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
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12. Search for two-POV states, excited quintuplets and septuplets in 88-92Sr and 94,96Zr.
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J. K. Hwang, Hamilton, J. H., and Ramayya, A. V.
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PHONONS ,NUCLEAR reactions ,NEUTRONS ,PARTICLES ,EVAPORATION (Chemistry) ,PROTONS - Abstract
Excited states in
88,89,90,92 Sr are reanalyzed by assigning new spins and parities according to the published DCO ratios (RDCO ). Possible candidates for the two-POV 6+ states are proposed in88,90,92 Sr not only based on spins but also by investigating the state energy and E2 transition energy systematics between96 Zr,146 Gd and the neighboring Sr isotopes. Multiple excited states (multiplets) with the same configuration in88,89 Sr are interpreted as the weak coupling of a 2+ one-phonon quadrupole or a 3- one-phonon octupole vibration to the excited 8+ state for88 Sr and a 3- one-phonon octupole vibration to the excited 21/2+ state for89 Sr. The 8+ ⊗2+ quintuplet and 8+ ⊗3- multiplet in88 Sr and 8+ ⊗3- septuplet in89 Sr are reported. Two excited states with the new spins and parities of 10+ and 12+ in90,92 Sr have the configurations of 8+ ⊗2+ and 8+ ⊗4+ , respectively. Also, 8+ ⊗2+ quintuplets and 8+ ⊗3- multiplets are proposed for94,96 Zr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
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13. Technique for measuring angular correlations and g-factors of excited states with large multi-detector arrays: An application to neutron rich nuclei produced by the spontaneous fission of Cf-252
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Y. X. Luo, A. V. Ramayya, J. H. Hamilton, M. A. Stoyer, I. Y. Lee, N. J. Stone, J. O. Rasmussen, J. K. Hwang, G. M. Ter-Akopian, A. V. Daniel, S. J. Zhu, C. T. Goodin, K. Li, and J. R. Stone
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Fission ,Attenuation ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Nuclear Theory ,Nuclear physics ,Lattice (order) ,Excited state ,Gammasphere ,Neutron ,Atomic physics ,Nuclear Experiment ,Instrumentation ,Hyperfine structure ,Spontaneous fission - Abstract
Triple coincidences between prompt γ-rays emitted in the spontaneous fission of 252Cf were measured with Gammasphere. These data are used to measure the angular correlation of cascades of γ-rays from excited states of neutron rich fission fragments stopped in an unmagnetized iron foil. The hyperfine fields in the iron lattice cause attenuations of the angular correlations between γ-rays emitted from the excited states which have sufficiently long lifetimes. This attenuation is measured and used to calculate the g-factors of excited states in many neutron rich nuclei. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2007
14. Identification of levels in 162, 164Gd and decrease in moment of inertia between N = 98-100
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P. M. Gore, A. V. Ramayya, E. F. Jones, J. K. Hwang, J. H. Hamilton, and A. P. Delima
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Spin states ,Yrast ,Hadron ,Nuclear fusion ,Neutron ,Atomic physics ,Moment of inertia ,Coincidence - Abstract
From prompt γ-γ-γ coincidence studies with a 252Cf source, the yrast levels were identified from 2+ to 16+ and 14+ in neutron-rich 162,164Gd, respectively. Transition energies between the same spin states are higher and moments of inertia lower at every level in N = 100 164Gd than in N = 98 162Gd. These observations are in contrast to the continuous decrease in the 2+ energy to a minimum at neutron midshell (N = 104) in Er, Yb, and Hf nuclei.
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- 2005
15. A new phenomenon - shifted identical bands
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A. V. Ramayya, J. K. Hwang, J. H. Hamilton, A. P. Delima, P. M. Gore, and E. F. Jones
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Crystallography ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Isotope ,Yrast ,Interaction strength ,Neutron ,Ground state ,Saturation (magnetic) ,Spontaneous fission - Abstract
From spontaneous fission data in the prompt [gamma]-ray emission of 252Cf, the isotopes 162Gd and 160Sm were identified and the level schemes of 160Gd and 158Sm were extended. From over 700 comparisons of even-even yrast bands from Xe to Os separated by 2n, 2p, [alpha], 4n, 4p, 2[alpha], [alpha]+2n, [alpha]+2p, 2n-2p, and other cases, from the ground state to 8+ and sometimes as high as 18+, 55 ground state shifted identical bands (SIB) and 4 identical bands (IB) were found. After the shift, these SIBs are seen to be more identical than previously known IBs and are not correlated with (NpNn)(NpNn)', [beta]2[beta]'2, E(4+)/E(2+), saturation of collectivity, or with the variation in the ground band - s band interaction strength. They are seen only in well-deformed stable to most neutron rich nuclei from Nd to Hf, and are not seen in [gamma] bands. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJC-4326C6W-Y/1/0c854f677d50927fac5144e0a8da1bb4
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- 2001
16. A new phenomenon: shifted identical yrast bands in neighboring even-even nuclei
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C. J. Beyer, E. F. Jones, P. M. Gore, S. J. Zhu, A. V. Ramayya, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, J. K. Hwang, J. H. Hamilton, I. Y. Lee, R. S. Dodder, W. C. Ma, G. M. Ter-Akopian, Xuan Zhang, A. V. Daniel, J. Kormicki, M. W. Drigert, J. O. Rasmussen, A. P. Delima, and J. D. Cole
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Physics ,Nuclear reaction ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Classical mechanics ,Yrast ,Heavy ion ,National laboratory ,Archaeology - Abstract
Identification of the levels in 160Sm and 162Gd in spontaneous fission studies led to the discovery of a new phenomenon, shifted identical bands (SIB). SIBs are yrast bands in neighboring nuclei (a,b) with moments of inertia which are identical when shifted by a constant amount [kappa] = -[Delta]J1/J1, so J1a(1+[kappa])= J1b, from 2+ to 8+ and higher to 16+. Building on that work, an analysis of yrast bands in even-even proton to neutron rich Xe to Pb nuclei was carried out. In over 700 comparisons, fifty-five SIBs were found for ground bands in stable to the most neutron rich Ce - W nuclei with [kappa] between 1.5% and 13%, where the spread in [kappa] is less than ±1%, and only four identical bands ([kappa][approximate, equals]0). As examples, we find for 158Sm-160Gd (from 2+ to 10+), [kappa] = -3.2+0.1-0.2% (where the ± is the total spread in [kappa] from -3.1 to -3.4) and [Delta]J2/J2 = 3.0±1.2%; 158Sm-160Sm, 3.4+0.5-0.3%; and 154Nd-158Gd, -10.4±0.2%. After the shifts, these J1 and J2 values have smaller spreads than do the outstanding examples of identical bands. The J1 values were fitted to a variable moment of inertia model with parameters J0 and C whose values correlate with the SIB J1 values. The SIBs are not correlated either with deformation, E(4+)/E(2+), or the NpNn product. Some excited bands are SIBs and IBs in proton rich Pt-Pb where nuclear shape coexistence is important. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVB-42WPXP1-F/1/7073267d6d2727e1d168eeb83da1550d
- Published
- 2001
17. Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Effects of Zingiberaceae Oils: A Natural Solution for Oral Health.
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Amil MA, Rahman SNSA, Yap LF, Razak FA, Bakri MM, Salem LSO, Lim XY, Reduan NA, and Sim KS
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- Oral Health, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Curcuma, Bacteria, Zingiberaceae, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Oils, Volatile pharmacology
- Abstract
Essential oils have been recognised for their potential benefits in oral care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antiproliferative activity of essential oils derived from four Zingiberaceae species. A combination of GC/MS and GC-FID was employed to analyse these essential oils. The results showed that β-myrcene (79.77 %) followed by ethyl-cinnamate (40.14 %), β-curcumene (34.90 %), and alloaromadendrene (25.15 %) as the primary constituents of Curcuma mangga, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Kaempferia galanga and Curcuma aeruginosa, respectively. The Zingiberaceae oils were tested for their antibacterial activity against oral bacteria using the disc diffusion test. Curcuma xanthorrhiza oil showed the largest inhibition zones against Streptococcus mitis (19.50±2.22 mm) and Streptococcus sanguinis (15.04±3.05 mm). Similarly, Curcuma mangga oil exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans (12.55±0.45 mm) and mixed oral bacteria (15.03±3.82 mm). Furthermore, the MTT viability assay revealed moderate inhibitory activity of these essential oils against H103 and ORL-204 oral cancer cells. The study findings demonstrate that Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Curcuma mangga essential oils have potent antibacterial properties, suggesting their potential use as natural alternatives to synthetic antibacterial agents in oral care products. However, further investigations are necessary to fully explore their therapeutic applications., (© 2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)
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- 2024
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18. Salt-bridge mediated conformational dynamics in the figure-of-eight knotted ketol acid reductoisomerase (KARI).
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Thakuria, Sanjib and Paul, Sandip
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The utility of knotted proteins in biological activities has been ambiguous since their discovery. From their evolutionary significance to their functionality in stabilizing the native protein structure, a unilateral conclusion hasn’t been achieved yet. While most studies have been performed to understand the stabilizing effect of the knotted fold on the protein chain, more ideas are yet to emerge regarding the interactions in stabilizing the knot. Using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we have explored the dynamics of the figure-of-eight knotted domain present in ketol acid reductoisomerase (KARI). Our main focus was on the presence of a salt bridge network evident within the knotted region and its role in shaping the conformational dynamics of the knotted chain. Through the potential of mean forces (PMFs) calculation, we have also marked the specific salt bridges that are pivotal in stabilizing the knotted structure. The correlated motions have been further monitored with the help of principal component analysis (PCA) and dynamic cross-correlation maps (DCCM). Furthermore, mutation of the specific salt bridges led to a change in their conformational stability, vindicating their importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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19. Pseudo twirling mitigation of coherent errors in non-Clifford gates.
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P. Santos, Jader, Bar, Ben, and Uzdin, Raam
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FOURIER transforms ,NOISE - Abstract
The conventional circuit paradigm, utilizing a small set of gates to construct arbitrary quantum circuits, is hindered by significant noise. In the quantum Fourier transform, for instance, the standard gate paradigm employs two CNOT gates for the partial CPhase. In contrast, some quantum computers can directly implement such operations using their native interaction, resulting in less noisy gates. Unfortunately, coherent errors degrade the performance of these gates. In Clifford gates such as the CNOT, these errors can be addressed through randomized compiling (RC). However, RC does not apply to the non-Clifford multi-qubit native implementations described above. The present work introduces and experimentally demonstrates a technique called 'Pseudo Twirling' (PST) to address coherent errors. We demonstrate experimentally that integrating PST with the 'Adaptive KIK' quantum error mitigation method enables the simultaneous mitigation of noise and coherent errors in multi-qubit non-Clifford gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Curcumin Nanoemulgel: Characterization, Optimization, and Evaluation of Photoprotective Efficacy, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, and Antibacterial Activity.
- Author
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Bagheri, Amir Mohammad, Ranjbar, Mehdi, Karami-Mohajeri, Somayyeh, Moshafi, Mohammad Hassan, Dehghan Noudeh, Yasmin, Ohadi, Mandana, and Dehghannoudeh, Gholamreza
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TOPICAL drug administration ,SKIN permeability ,OLEIC acid ,OXIDANT status ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents - Abstract
As a natural bioactive compound, curcumin (Cur) has traditionally used for various therapeutic purposes, but due to low solubility, poor skin permeability, and the possibility of superficial staining, its topical applications is restricted. Thus, this study aimed to develop a topical formulation, increasing the solubility of Cur and promoting potential applications. In this context, Cur nanoemulsions were prepared through continuous emulsification and optimized with different ratios of components to achieve desirable properties and superior encapsulation. Accordingly, nanoemulsions prepared by the oleic acid (10%w/w) as oil phase, PEG 400 (6%w/w) as co-surfactant and mixture of Tween 80® and Span 80® (8%w/w) as surfactant showed the most favorable properties with a droplet size of 12.26 nm and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.254. Afterward, the optimized formulation was converted to nanoemulgel using 1%w/w of Carbopol 940. The Cur formulation presented good physiochemical properties in terms of uniformity, thermodynamic stability, spreadability, and droplet size. The results showed that the release profile follows the Higuchi kinetic model. Moreover, this formulation presented excellent antioxidant capacity (FRAP value of 533.49 ± 2.84 µM Fe (II)/g) and potential photoprotective efficacy (SPF value of 13.86). It was also found to have high anti-inflammatory properties and antibacterial activity (250 µg/ml ≤ MIC < 500 µg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. According to the results, the current formulation of Cur is a promising candidate to improve the solubility and promote its efficacy for various topical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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21. Glass Materials Road Map for Radioactive Waste Immobilization.
- Author
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Nascimento, Marcio Luis Ferreira
- Abstract
We analyzed literature data on the composition of 479 glasses used to stabilize radioactive wastes, covering a wide range and including 51 oxides and few fluorides. The most common glass constituents included SiO
2 , B2 O3 , Na2 O, and Fe2 O3 in varying amounts, with a predominance of borosilicate glasses. Seven families of waste radioactive glasses were observed, including borosilicates, silicates, boroaluminosilicates, iron phosphates, aluminosilicates, sodium iron phosphates, and boroaluminates. These data were used to estimate an average composition associated with a sodium borosilicate glass. Multivariate exploratory methods were used to analyze and classify the compositions of the waste radioactive glasses using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical clustering. Four main clusters were observed, the largest with 417 glasses, mainly silicates, borosilicates, aluminosilicates, and boroaluminosilicates. The results of this work have shown that it is possible to map radioactive waste glasses according to their composition, promoting a road map for future applications with specific properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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22. Polymer Physics Models Reveal Structural Folding Features of Single-Molecule Gene Chromatin Conformations.
- Author
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Conte, Mattia, Abraham, Alex, Esposito, Andrea, Yang, Liyan, Gibcus, Johan H., Parsi, Krishna M., Vercellone, Francesca, Fontana, Andrea, Di Pierno, Florinda, Dekker, Job, and Nicodemi, Mario
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SINGLE molecules ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,POLYMER fractionation ,GENETIC regulation ,CELL physiology - Abstract
Here, we employ polymer physics models of chromatin to investigate the 3D folding of a 2 Mb wide genomic region encompassing the human LTN1 gene, a crucial DNA locus involved in key cellular functions. Through extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations, we reconstruct in silico the ensemble of single-molecule LTN1 3D structures, which we benchmark against recent in situ Hi-C 2.0 data. The model-derived single molecules are then used to predict structural folding features at the single-cell level, providing testable predictions for super-resolution microscopy experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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23. Unveiling the Spectrum of Minor Genes in Cardiomyopathies: A Narrative Review.
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Micolonghi, Caterina, Perrone, Federica, Fabiani, Marco, Caroselli, Silvia, Savio, Camilla, Pizzuti, Antonio, Germani, Aldo, Visco, Vincenzo, Petrucci, Simona, Rubattu, Speranza, and Piane, Maria
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HYPERTROPHIC cardiomyopathy ,DILATED cardiomyopathy ,NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,CARDIOMYOPATHIES ,GENETIC variation - Abstract
Hereditary cardiomyopathies (CMPs), including arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), represent a group of heart disorders that significantly contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and are often driven by genetic factors. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology have enabled the identification of rare variants in both well-established and minor genes associated with CMPs. Nowadays, a set of core genes is included in diagnostic panels for ACM, DCM, and HCM. On the other hand, despite their lesser-known status, variants in the minor genes may contribute to disease mechanisms and influence prognosis. This review evaluates the current evidence supporting the involvement of the minor genes in CMPs, considering their potential pathogenicity and clinical significance. A comprehensive analysis of databases, such as ClinGen, ClinVar, and GeneReviews, along with recent literature and diagnostic guidelines provides a thorough overview of the genetic landscape of minor genes in CMPs and offers guidance in clinical practice, evaluating each case individually based on the clinical referral, and insights for future research. Given the increasing knowledge on these less understood genetic factors, future studies are essential to clearly assess their roles, ultimately leading to improved diagnostic precision and therapeutic strategies in hereditary CMPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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24. Regulation of TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through the mutually antagonistic action of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 and 2.
- Author
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Onyou Ju, Seon-Yle Ko, and Young-Joo Jang
- Subjects
TISSUE differentiation ,PERIODONTAL ligament ,EXTRACELLULAR matrix ,STEM cells ,CELL physiology - Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) differentiate into periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and cementoblasts. To identify inducers of PDL fibroblastic differentiation, monoclonal antibody series were developed a series of against membrane/extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules through decoy immunization. The anti-PDL13 antibody targets ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), renowned for regulating skeletal and soft tissue mineralization. ENPP1 accumulates in the periodontal ligament region of tooth roots, and specifically localizes to the cell boundaries and elongated processes of the fibroblastic cells. As ENPP1 expression increases during fibroblastic differentiation, mineralization induced by tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), a pyrophosphate-degrading enzyme, is completely inhibited. This is consistent with ENPP1 and TNAP acting in opposition, and TGF-ß1-induced ENPP1 expression creates an essential environment for PDL fibroblast differentiation. Representative fibroblastic differentiation markers decrease with endogenous ENPP1 inhibition by siRNA and antibody blocking. ENPP2 generates lipid signaling molecules. In contrast to ENPP1, ENPP2 disappears in TGF-ß1-induced PDL fibroblasts. Ectopic expression of ENPP2 hinders TGF-ß1-induced PDL fibroblastic differentiation. Suppression of ENPP1 and ENPP2 leads to severe defects in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, demonstrating that these two factors play opposing roles in soft and hard tissue differentiation but can complement each other for cell survival. In conclusion, increased ENPP1 is crucial for TGF-ß1-induced PDL differentiation, while ENPP2 and TNAP can inhibit ENPP1. ENPP1 and ENPP2 exhibit complementary functions in the cell survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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25. High quality MAPbBr3 films via pulsed laser deposition of single-crystalline targets.
- Author
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Ghavidel, E., Di Carlo, A., Ishteev, A., Barichello, J., Konstantinova, K., Saranin, D., Campanari, V., Martelli, F., Paci, B., Generosi, A., Guaragno, M., Cricenti, A., Becerrill, D., Luce, M., Matteocci, F., and Di Trolio, A.
- Abstract
High quality MAPbBr
3 films were grown by pulsed laser deposition of single-crystalline targets using an on-axis geometry. The gas ambience up to the mbar range and laser fluence of some tenths of Joule per square centimeter yielded single α-phase polycrystalline MAPbBr3 films, as revealed by ex situ XRD analysis. In situ low T studies allowed for the observation of cubic-to-tetragonal and of tetragonal-to-orthorombic phase transitions. Absorption and photoluminescence spectra show characteristic peaks around 2.35 eV. In particular, for thin films, PL measurements at low temperature showed narrow peaks characteristic of high crystalline quality and the absence of relevant defect-related recombination. The present results indicate a route to grow high quality thin films of metal halide perovskites via PLD of single-crystalline targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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26. Vegetative Propagation of Wild Prometheum sempervivoides (Fischer ex M. Bieb.) H. Ohba by Leaf Cutting: Effects of Auxin and Some Substances.
- Author
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PARLAKOVA KARAGÖZ, Fazilet, DURSUN, Atilla, and YILDIRIM, Kadir
- Subjects
ORNAMENTAL plants ,ALOE vera ,SUCCULENT plants ,PLANT extracts ,PLANT cuttings ,CINNAMON ,ROOTING of plant cuttings ,VEGETATIVE propagation - Abstract
Copyright of Research in Agricultural Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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27. Health Benefits of Kimchi, Sauerkraut, and Other Fermented Foods of the Genus Brassica.
- Author
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Fijan, Sabina, Fijan, Polona, Wei, Lei, and Marco, Maria L.
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BRASSICACEAE ,IRRITABLE colon ,LACTIC acid bacteria ,FUNCTIONAL foods ,BRASSICA ,FERMENTED foods - Abstract
Fermented foods made through microbial growth and enzymatic conversions have been integral to human diets for at least 10,000 years. Recent interest in fermented foods has surged due to their functional properties and health benefits. Cruciferous vegetables of the genus Brassica, such as cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower, are commonly used to produce fermented foods like sauerkraut, kimchi, pao cai, fermented turnips, and others. These foods are rich in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bioactive compounds, which contribute to their potential health-promoting properties. We examined 12 clinical trials investigating fermented foods of the genus Brassica. These studies, which mainly assessed the health benefits of kimchi or sauerkraut consumption, found that regular intake can alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), aid weight loss, and enhance metabolic health. Seven observational studies also observed health benefits when consuming fermented foods of the genus Brassica. Six of the seven observational studies on kimchi intake linked kimchi intake to reduced obesity risk and other health benefits. An observational study linked sauerkraut and cabbage consumption to reduced breast cancer risk. Despite these findings, the exact roles of various microorganisms and bioactive compounds within these health effects require further investigation. This review underscores the potential of fermented cruciferous vegetables as functional foods, and advocates for more clinical trials and mechanistic studies to understand and optimize their health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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28. The relationship of redox signaling with the risk for atherosclerosis.
- Author
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Sujuan Lei, Chen Liu, Tian-xiang Zheng, Wenguang Fu, and Mei-zhou Huang
- Subjects
OXIDATIVE stress ,CELLULAR signal transduction ,ATHEROSCLEROSIS ,UNHEALTHY lifestyles ,IMMUNE system ,HOMEOSTASIS - Abstract
Oxidative balance plays a pivotal role in physiological homeostasis, and many diseases, particularly age-related conditions, are closely associated with oxidative imbalance. While the strategic role of oxidative regulation in various diseases is well-established, the specific involvement of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis remains elusive. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by plaque formation within the arteries. Alterations in the oxidative status of vascular tissues are linked to the onset, progression, and outcome of atherosclerosis. This review examines the role of redox signaling in atherosclerosis, including its impact on risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, inflammation, and unhealthy lifestyle, along with dysregulation, vascular homeostasis, immune system interaction, and therapeutic considerations. Understanding redox signal transduction and the regulation of redox signaling will offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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29. A review on nanofiber-based composites for toxic and flammable gas sensing.
- Author
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Zhang, Xueting, Zhang, Junying, Li, Congju, Zhang, Xiuling, Yun, Jimmy, and Cao, Dapeng
- Published
- 2024
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30. Prospects for the Use of Cell Cultures in Modeling Myocardial Diseases: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
- Author
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Klass, A. L., Shadrina, M. I., Slominsky, P. A., and Filatova, E. V.
- Abstract
The use of various model organisms has made a huge contribution to understanding the causes and mechanisms of disease development and the study of pathological processes occurring during the development of diseases of the human cardiovascular system, and, in particular, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The optimal solution in the study of primary molecular disturbances is the use of cellular models such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), primary rodent cardiomyocytes (CMs), and immortalized lines. In this review, we have focused on the most commonly used cell models, including freshly isolated adult and neonatal rodent CMs, and on the commercially available immortalized cell lines (HL-1, AC16, and H9c2). In order to assess the adequacy of these lines as CM models for studying human myocardial pathologies, a comparative analysis of phenotypic characteristics (morphology, metabolism, calcium homeostasis, etc.) and the nuances of practical use (availability, response to hypertrophic inducers, transfection, etc.) was carried out. The latest published data on the use of these models to assess the pathogenicity of HCM-associated mutations, as well as to screen the effectiveness of developed therapeutic drugs, are also summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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31. Complex Interplay between DNA Damage and Autophagy in Disease and Therapy.
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Singh, Aman, Ravendranathan, Naresh, Frisbee, Jefferson C., and Singh, Krishna K.
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BRCA genes ,DRUG resistance in cancer cells ,CYTOTOXINS ,CELL proliferation ,AUTOPHAGY ,DNA repair - Abstract
Cancer, a multifactorial disease characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, remains a global health challenge with significant morbidity and mortality. Genomic and molecular aberrations, coupled with environmental factors, contribute to its heterogeneity and complexity. Chemotherapeutic agents like doxorubicin (Dox) have shown efficacy against various cancers but are hindered by dose-dependent cytotoxicity, particularly on vital organs like the heart and brain. Autophagy, a cellular process involved in self-degradation and recycling, emerges as a promising therapeutic target in cancer therapy and neurodegenerative diseases. Dysregulation of autophagy contributes to cancer progression and drug resistance, while its modulation holds the potential to enhance treatment outcomes and mitigate adverse effects. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests a potential link between autophagy, DNA damage, and caretaker breast cancer genes BRCA1/2, highlighting the interplay between DNA repair mechanisms and cellular homeostasis. This review explores the intricate relationship between cancer, Dox-induced cytotoxicity, autophagy modulation, and the potential implications of autophagy in DNA damage repair pathways, particularly in the context of BRCA1/2 mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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32. External defect immune high quality resonances in microwave topological ring resonator.
- Author
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Jena, Geetanjali, Kulkarni, Gopal, Varshney, R K, and Roy Chowdhury, Dibakar
- Subjects
NOTCH filters ,RESONATORS ,RESONANCE ,MICROWAVE filters ,THEORY of wave motion ,QUALITY factor ,PHOTONIC crystals - Abstract
Recently, topological ring resonators (TRRs) have emerged as a burgeoning platform for exploring the topological aspects of photonic systems and resonator dynamics. Integrating topology into cavity dynamics offers a new paradigm to unveil various fascinating phenomena, including backscattering immune wave propagation, unidirectional transmission, and reflection-free energy transport. With this background, we provide a scheme to achieve robust high Q resonances in a metal-based topological photonic crystal (TPC) exhibiting defect-immune spectral characteristics in the microwave frequency regime. Coupled with a ring resonator, our proposed topological platform demonstrates the excitation of high Q resonances in the range 230–540. Except for the resonances, a robust microwave transmission ( ∼ 0 dB ) is observed in the investigated frequency regime 7.1–7.6 GHz depicting a minimal scattering loss even around the sharp corners of the ring resonator. Further, the topological robustness of the propagating microwave and the excited resonances are examined by introducing an external Si obstacle at the domain interface. Our study reveals a minimal transmission loss ( < 7 dB ) and negligible perturbation ( < 8 % ) in the Q factors when the Si barrier placed towards the input end of the straight topological waveguide. In addition, we have also demonstrated a novel way of exciting new resonances in the ring resonator that holds considerable promise for designing a TRR-based all-pass notch filter in the microwave regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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33. Study on Leakage and Diffusion Behavior of Liquid CO 2 Vessel in CCES.
- Author
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Gao, Lin, Wang, Jinlong, Wu, Song, Liu, Xuan, Zhu, Binfei, and Fan, Yuguang
- Subjects
WIND speed ,ENERGY storage ,WIND power ,CARBON dioxide ,LEAKAGE - Abstract
Numerical simulations of the leakage and diffusion behavior of liquid CO
2 vessels and security analyses were conducted in this paper, based on a CO2 compression energy storage system. With isentropic choking model, the leakage of vessels under specific conditions was numerically simulated. The influence of different wind speeds on leakage in near-zone field was studied. Meanwhile, the diffusion characteristics of CO2 under three different influencing factors were investigated with the UDM (Unified Dispersion Model) diffusion model, and the diffusion ranges of certain concentrations were detected in the far-zone field. The results show that the low-temperature zone of the 50 mm leak aperture can reach 0.74 m downwind, and basically does not change with wind speed. In the leakage direction, the maximum damage zone of high-speed flow can reach 7.70 m. For the far-zone field, the diffusion area and downwind distance of a dangerous concentration decrease with the increasing of wind speed, and the hazardous area of the low concentration is greatly affected. Based on specific conditions, the maximum diffusion area is 78.46 m2 at 1 m/s wind speed, and the dangerous range reaches 36.32 m downwind. The larger the leakage aperture, the faster the growth trend of the low concentration area under the same conditions. As the equivalent radius of the leakage aperture is less than 50 mm, the maximum diffusion area is proportional to the cubic of the leakage aperture radius. The higher the height of the leakage source, the smaller the concentration range at 1.5 m, which is the average human breathing height. The overall cloud moves upward, meaning that the ground risk decreases. When the leakage aperture is 50 mm and the wind speed is 1 m/s, the maximum cloud diffusion range is 857.35 m2 at the leakage height of 2 m, and the dangerous range reaches 109.53 m downwind, where the maximum concentration is 14.65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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34. A Gaussian field approach to the planar electric double layer structures in electrolyte solutions.
- Author
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Xiao, Tiejun and Song, Xueyu
- Subjects
ELECTRIC double layer ,ELECTROLYTE solutions ,SURFACE charges ,ELECTRIC potential ,ELECTRODE potential - Abstract
In this work, the planar, electric, double-layer structures of non-polarizable electrodes in electrolyte solutions are studied with Gaussian field theory. A response function with two Yukawa functions is used to capture the electrostatic response of the electrolyte solution, from which the modified response function in the planar symmetry is derived analytically. The modified response function is further used to evaluate the induced charge density and the electrostatic potential near an electrode. The Gaussian field theory, combined with a two-Yukawa response function, can reproduce the oscillatory decay behavior of the electric potentials in concentrated electrolyte solutions. When the exact sum rules for the bulk electrolyte solutions and the electric double layers are used as constraints to determine the parameters of the response function, the Gaussian field theory could at least partly capture the nonlinear response effect of the surface charge density. Comparison with results for a planar electrode with fixed surface charge densities from molecular simulations demonstrates the validity of Gaussian field theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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35. Estimation of frequency factors for the calculation of kinetic isotope effects from classical and path integral free energy simulations.
- Author
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Giese, Timothy J. and York, Darrin M.
- Subjects
KINETIC isotope effects ,PATH integrals ,CONDENSED matter ,ACTIVATION energy ,MOLECULAR dynamics - Abstract
We use the modified Bigeleisen–Mayer equation to compute kinetic isotope effect values for non-enzymatic phosphoryl transfer reactions from classical and path integral molecular dynamics umbrella sampling. The modified form of the Bigeleisen–Mayer equation consists of a ratio of imaginary mode vibrational frequencies and a contribution arising from the isotopic substitution's effect on the activation free energy, which can be computed from path integral simulation. In the present study, we describe a practical method for estimating the frequency ratio correction directly from umbrella sampling in a manner that does not require normal mode analysis of many geometry optimized structures. Instead, the method relates the frequency ratio to the change in the mass weighted coordinate representation of the minimum free energy path at the transition state induced by isotopic substitution. The method is applied to the calculation of
16/18 O and32/34 S primary kinetic isotope effect values for six non-enzymatic phosphoryl transfer reactions. We demonstrate that the results are consistent with the analysis of geometry optimized transition state ensembles using the traditional Bigeleisen–Mayer equation. The method thus presents a new practical tool to enable facile calculation of kinetic isotope effect values for complex chemical reactions in the condensed phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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36. High-spin states and a new band based on the isomeric state in 152Nd
- Author
-
A. V. Ramayya, L. Gu, Y. X. Luo, K. Li, Yang Sun, Jianyong Wang, Ying-Chun Yang, J. O. Rasmussen, W. C. Ma, S. H. Liu, Qiang Xu, H. B. Ding, E. Y. Yeoh, J. K. Hwang, I. Y. Lee, J. H. Hamilton, S. J. Zhu, and Zhigang Xiao
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Spin states ,Proton ,Hadron ,Nuclear Theory ,Quasiparticle ,Nuclear fusion ,Neutron ,Atomic physics ,Electronic band structure ,Nuclear Experiment ,Spontaneous fission - Abstract
High-spin states of the neutron-rich 152Nd nucleus have been reinvestigated by measuring the prompt \( \gamma\) -rays in the spontaneous fission of 252Cf . The ground-state band and a side negative-parity band have been updated. A new band based on the 2243.7keV isomeric state has been identified. The half-life for the isomeric state has been measured to be 63(7)ns. The projected shell model is employed to study the band structure of this nucleus. The results show that the calculated levels of the bands are in good agreement with the experimental ones, and the isomeric state and the negative-parity band are based on the proton \( \pi\)5/2-[532] ⊗ \( \pi\)9/2+[404] and neutron \( \nu\)3/2-[521] ⊗ \( \nu\)5/2+[642] two-quasiparticles configurations, respectively.
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37. Restoring Skeletal Muscle Health through Exercise in Breast Cancer Patients and after Receiving Chemotherapy.
- Author
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Aires, Inês, Duarte, José Alberto, Vitorino, Rui, Moreira-Gonçalves, Daniel, Oliveira, Paula, and Ferreira, Rita
- Subjects
SKELETAL muscle ,BREAST cancer ,CANCER patients ,RESISTANCE training ,CANCER chemotherapy ,AEROBIC exercises ,FERTILITY preservation - Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) stands out as the most commonly type of cancer diagnosed in women worldwide, and chemotherapy, a key component of treatment, exacerbates cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting, contributing to adverse health outcomes. Notably, the impact of chemotherapy on skeletal muscle seems to surpass that of the cancer itself, with inflammation identified as a common trigger for muscle wasting in both contexts. In skeletal muscle, pro-inflammatory cytokines modulate pathways crucial for the delicate balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, as well as satellite cell activation and myonuclear accretion. Physical exercise consistently emerges as a crucial therapeutic strategy to counteract cancer and chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting, ultimately enhancing patients' quality of life. However, a "one size fits all" approach does not apply to the prescription of exercise for BC patients, with factors such as age, menopause and comorbidities influencing the response to exercise. Hence, tailored exercise regimens, considering factors such as duration, frequency, intensity, and type, are essential to maximize efficacy in mitigating muscle wasting and improving disease outcomes. Despite the well-established anti-inflammatory role of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise proves equally or more beneficial in terms of mass and strength gain, as well as enhancing quality of life. This review comprehensively explores the molecular pathways affected by distinct exercise regimens in the skeletal muscle of cancer patients during chemotherapy, providing critical insights for precise exercise implementation to prevent skeletal muscle wasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
38. Molecular dissection of cobra venom highlights heparinoids as an antidote for spitting cobra envenoming.
- Author
-
Du, Tian Y., Hall, Steven R., Chung, Felicity, Kurdyukov, Sergey, Crittenden, Edouard, Patel, Karishma, Dawson, Charlotte A., Westhorpe, Adam P., Bartlett, Keirah E., Rasmussen, Sean A., Moreno, Cesar L., Denes, Christopher E., Albulescu, Laura-Oana, Marriott, Amy E., Mackay, Joel P., Wilkinson, Mark C., Gutiérrez, José María, Casewell, Nicholas R., and Neely, G. Gregory
- Subjects
COBRAS ,SPIDER venom ,VENOM ,CYTOTOXINS ,NEGLECTED diseases ,INTRADERMAL injections - Abstract
Snakebites affect about 1.8 million people annually. The current standard of care involves antibody-based antivenoms, which can be difficult to access and are generally not effective against local tissue injury, the primary cause of morbidity. Here, we used a pooled whole-genome CRISPR knockout screen to define human genes that, when targeted, modify cell responses to spitting cobra venoms. A large portion of modifying genes that conferred resistance to venom cytotoxicity was found to control proteoglycan biosynthesis, including EXT1, B4GALT7, EXT2, EXTL3, XYLT2, NDST1, and SLC35B2, which we validated independently. This finding suggested heparinoids as possible inhibitors. Heparinoids prevented venom cytotoxicity through binding to three-finger cytotoxins, and the US Food and Drug Administration–approved heparinoid tinzaparin was found to reduce tissue damage in mice when given via a medically relevant route and dose. Overall, our systematic molecular dissection of cobra venom cytotoxicity provides insight into how we can better treat cobra snakebite envenoming. Editor's summary: Snakebite is considered a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization, and although antibody-based antivenoms exist, they are species specific, are expensive, and require cold storage as well as intravenous administration in a health care setting. Here, Du and colleagues conducted a whole-genome CRISPR knockout screen to identify genes required for spitting cobra venom cytotoxicity. This screen highlighted genes involved in proteoglycan biosynthesis, suggesting that heparinoids could potentially block spitting cobra venom cytotoxicity. The heparinoid tinzaparin, given subcutaneously at the time of intradermal venom injection, effectively reduced the size of the resulting dermonecrotic lesions in mice, supporting the further evaluation of this drug for the treatment of local tissue damage from spitting cobra envenoming. —Melissa L. Norton [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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39. MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY OF PROTEIN-FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOMATERIALS FOR HEAVY METAL DETECTION AND REMOVAL.
- Author
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Zhytniakivsk, Olga, Tarabar, Uliana, Vus, Kateryna, Trusova, Valeriya, and Gorbenko, Galyna
- Subjects
MOLECULAR docking ,MOLECULAR models ,CARBON ,NANOSTRUCTURED materials ,HEAVY metals - Abstract
Вуглецеві наноматеріали (ВН) зарекомендували себе надзвичайно ефективними для видалення важких металів із забрудненої води та навколишнього середовища завдяки своїм унікальним структурним і хімічним властивостям. Однак гідрофобна природа ВН і їхня схильність до агрегації в більшості розчинників створюють значні труднощі для їх практичного застосування. Функціоналізація вуглецевих наноматеріалів за допомогою білків є перспективним вирішенням цих проблем, що може призвести до створення систем з безпрецедентною ефективністю. Перед тим як створювати білково-ВН системи для виявлення та видалення важких металів, важливо оцінити афінність зв'язування металів та можливі взаємодії за допомогою комп'ютерних методів. У цьому дослідженні була використано метод молекулярного докінгу для вивчення взаємодій між солями важких металів (AsO
4 , Cd(NO3 )2 , Fe(NO3 )3 , NiSO4 , PbSO4 , PtCl4 ), вуглецевими наноматеріалами (фулерени С24 i C60 , a також одностінні вуглецеві нанотрубки) і В-лактоглобуліном. Результати докінгу показали, що: 1) розмір, форма та поверхневі властивості вуглецевих матеріалів суттєво впливають на здатність комплексів В-лактоглобуліну з ВН взаємодіяти з різними важкими металами; 2) афінність солей важких металів до створених наносистем в значній мірі варіюється; 3) водневі зв'язки та гідрофобні взаємодії відіграють суттєву роль у комплексоутворенні солей важких металів В-лактоглобуліном та вуглецевими матеріалами. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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40. Natural Products for Preventing and Managing Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review.
- Author
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Szponar, Jarosław, Niziński, Przemysław, Dudka, Jarosław, Kasprzak-Drozd, Kamila, and Oniszczuk, Anna
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,PLANT polyphenols ,NATURAL products ,CARDIOTOXICITY ,SCIENCE databases ,DOXORUBICIN - Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline anticancer agent that is highly effective in the treatment of solid tumors. Given the multiplicity of mechanisms involved in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, it is difficult to identify a precise molecular target for toxicity. The findings of a literature review suggest that natural products may offer cardioprotective benefits against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, both in vitro and in vivo. However, further confirmatory studies are required to substantiate this claim. It is of the utmost importance to direct greater attention towards the intricate signaling networks that are of paramount importance for the survival and dysfunction of cardiomyocytes. Notwithstanding encouraging progress made in preclinical studies of natural products for the prevention of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, these have not yet been translated for clinical use. One of the most significant obstacles hindering the development of cardioprotective adjuvants based on natural products is the lack of adequate bioavailability in humans. This review presents an overview of current knowledge on doxorubicin DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, with a focus on the potential benefits of natural compounds and herbal preparations in preventing this adverse effect. As literature search engines, the browsers in the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science databases and the ClinicalTrials.gov register were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Merged Observatory Data Files (MODFs): an integrated observational data product supporting process-oriented investigations and diagnostics.
- Author
-
Uttal, Taneil, Hartten, Leslie M., Khalsa, Siri Jodha, Casati, Barbara, Svensson, Gunilla, Day, Jonathan, Holt, Jareth, Akish, Elena, Morris, Sara, O'Connor, Ewan, Pirazzini, Roberta, Huang, Laura X., Crawford, Robert, Mariani, Zen, Godøy, Øystein, Tjernström, Johanna A. K., Prakash, Giri, Hickmon, Nicki, Maturilli, Marion, and Cox, Christopher J.
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC expeditions ,OBSERVATORIES ,WEATHER forecasting ,DATA modeling ,INFORMATION measurement ,METADATA - Abstract
A large and ever-growing body of geophysical information is measured in campaigns and at specialized observatories as a part of scientific expeditions and experiments. These collections of observed data include many essential climate variables (as defined by the Global Climate Observing System) but are often distinguished by a wide range of additional non-routine measurements that are designed to not only document the state of the environment but also the drivers that contribute to that state. These field data are used not only to further understand environmental processes through observation-based studies but also to provide baseline data to test model performance and to codify understanding to improve predictive capabilities. To address the considerable barriers and difficulty in utilizing these diverse and complex data for observation–model research, the Merged Observatory Data File (MODF) concept has been developed. A MODF combines measurements from multiple instruments into a single file that complies with well-established data format and metadata practices and has been designed to parallel the development of corresponding Merged Model Data Files (MMDFs). Using the MODF and MMDF protocols will facilitate the evolution of model intercomparison projects into model intercomparison and improvement projects by putting observation and model data "on the same page" in a timely manner. The MODF concept was developed especially for weather forecast model studies in the Arctic. The surprisingly complex process of implementing MODFs in that context refined the concept itself. Thus, this article explains the concept of MODFs by providing details on the issues that were revealed and resolved during that first specific implementation. Detailed instructions are provided on how to make MODFs, and this article can be considered a MODF creation manual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Isolated Cryptococcal Infection of the Thoracic Spine in an Immunocompetent Patient.
- Author
-
Pi, Wensen, Liu, Yang, Chen, Haidan, and Zhao, Hongwei
- Subjects
CRYPTOCOCCOSIS ,THORACIC vertebrae ,MYCOSES ,CRYPTOCOCCUS neoformans ,CENTRAL nervous system ,ARACHNOID cysts - Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a type of fungal infection, which primarily affects the central nervous system and lungs of immunocompromised individuals. Spinal infections are known to be a rare manifestation of cryptococcosis. Herein, we report a case of a patient with isolated nonspecific spinal lesions at the T10 vertebra. The patient received non-surgical treatment with antifungal drugs, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Binary wax oleogels: Improving physical properties and oxidation stability through substitution of carnauba wax with beeswax.
- Author
-
Wang, Ziyu, Chandrapala, Jayani, Truong, Tuyen, and Farahnaky, Asgar
- Subjects
BEESWAX ,POLARIZATION microscopy ,BINARY mixtures ,FURFURAL ,FAT substitutes ,DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry ,MEAT analysis ,WAXES - Abstract
High concentrations of carnauba waxes (CRWs) that can compromise organoleptic properties are required to create self‐sustained and functional oleogels. The weak physical properties and stability of 4% w/w CRW–rice bran oil (RBO) oleogel were addressed by substituting CRW with beeswax (BW) in different weight ratios. The texture profile analyzer revealed that substituting only 10% (weight ratio) of CRW with BW improved the hardness compared to the mono‐CRW oleogel. The hardness of binary oleogels increased gradually as the proportion of BW increased. At a BW ratio of 70% or more, the hardness was three times higher than that of mono‐BW oleogel. Rheology analysis showed the same trend as the large deformation test; however, the hardest binary oleogels had lower critical strain and yield point compared to the mono‐wax oleogels, implying that they are more prone to lose their structure upon applied stress. Nevertheless, nearly all binary mixtures (except for 10%BW90%CRW) showed oil‐binding capacities above 99%, suggesting improved nucleation and crystallization process. Polarized light microscopy showed the coexistence of BW and CRW crystals and changes in the size and arrangement of wax crystals upon proportional changes of the two waxes. X‐ray diffraction confirmed no differences in the peaks' location, and all oleogels had β′ polymorphism. Differential scanning calorimetry showed eutectic melting behavior in some binary blends. Oxidation stability in the binary wax oleogels improved as compared to the mono‐wax oleogel and bulk RBO. BW and CRW mixtures have promising oil‐structuring abilities and have various properties at different ratios that have the potential to be used as solid fat substitutes. Practical Application: As a trending green oil‐structuring technology, oleogelation has shown great potential to reduce saturated fats in food systems. The current research provides valuable fundamental information on the strong synergistic interactions between beeswax and carnauba wax that have the potential to be used as solid fat substitutes created with a much lower total concentration of the required wax. This will help create wax oleogels with better organoleptic properties and less negative waxy mouthfeel. Such knowledge could prove beneficial for the development of healthy products that have potential applications in meat, bakery, dairy, pharmaceutical, as well as cosmetic industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Sea ice melt pond bathymetry reconstructed from aerial photographs using photogrammetry: a new method applied to MOSAiC data.
- Author
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Fuchs, Niels, von Albedyll, Luisa, Birnbaum, Gerit, Linhardt, Felix, Oppelt, Natascha, and Haas, Christian
- Subjects
ARCTIC climate ,AERIAL photographs ,SURFACE topography ,WATER levels ,SOLAR energy ,SEA ice - Abstract
Melt ponds are a core component of the summer sea ice system in the Arctic, increasing the uptake of solar energy and impacting the ice-associated ecosystem. They were thus one of the key topics during the 1-year drift campaign Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) in the Transpolar Drift 2019/2020. Pond depth is a dominating factor in describing the surface meltwater volume; it is necessary to estimate budgets and used in model parameterization to simulate pond coverage evolution. However, observational data on pond depth are spatially and temporally strongly limited to a few in situ measurements. Pond bathymetry, which is pond depth spatially fully resolved, remains unexplored. Here, we present a newly developed method to derive pond bathymetry from aerial images. We determine it from a photogrammetric multi-view reconstruction of the summer ice surface topography. Based on images recorded on dedicated grid flights and facilitated assumptions, we were able to obtain pond depth with a mean deviation of 3.5 cm compared to manual in situ observations. The method is independent of pond color and sky conditions, which is an advantage over recently developed radiometric airborne retrieval methods. It can furthermore be implemented in any typical photogrammetry workflow. We present the retrieval algorithm, including requirements for the data recording and survey planning, and a correction method for refraction at the air–pond interface. In addition, we show how the retrieved surface topography model synergizes with the initial image data to retrieve the water level of individual ponds from the visually determined pond margins. We use the method to give a profound overview of the pond coverage on the MOSAiC floe, on which we found unexpected steady pond coverage and volume. We were able to derive individual pond properties of more than 1600 ponds on the floe, including their size, bathymetry, volume, surface elevation above sea level, and temporal evolution. We present a scaling factor for single in situ depth measurements, discuss the representativeness of in situ pond measurements and the importance of such high-resolution data for new satellite retrievals, and show indications for non-rigid pond bottoms. The study points out the great potential to derive geometric properties of the summer sea ice surface emerging from the increasingly available visual image data recorded from uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) or aircraft, allowing for an integrated understanding and improved formulation of the thermodynamic and hydrological pond system in models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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45. All-printed organic photodetectors with metal electrodes enabled by one-step solvent-mediated transfer printing technology.
- Author
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Zhou, Pengchao, Gu, Jialu, Fan, Lei, Ma, Jipeng, Lian, Hong, Shi, Wei, and Wei, Bin
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- 2024
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46. Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies to Investigate Antioxidant Potency of New Amides of Piper retrofractum Vahl by Targeting Keap1 Inhibitor.
- Author
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Nurhidayah, E S, Hidayati, D, Habiba, R A, and Maulidya, S
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- 2024
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47. The role of current synthetic and possible plant and marine phytochemical compounds in the treatment of acne.
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Ramsis, Triveena, Refat M. Selim, Heba Mohammed, Elseedy, Howida, and Fayed, Eman A.
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- 2024
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48. From Time-Series to Hybrid Models: Advancements in Short-Term Load Forecasting Embracing Smart Grid Paradigm.
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Ali, Salman, Bogarra, Santiago, Riaz, Muhammad Naveed, Phyo, Pyae Pyae, Flynn, David, and Taha, Ahmad
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MACHINE learning ,POWER resources management ,HEURISTIC ,PREDICTION models ,POWER resources ,FORECASTING ,SMART meters - Abstract
This review paper is a foundational resource for power distribution and management decisions, thoroughly examining short-term load forecasting (STLF) models within power systems. The study categorizes these models into three groups: statistical approaches, intelligent-computing-based methods, and hybrid models. Performance indicators are compared, revealing the superiority of heuristic search and population-based optimization learning algorithms integrated with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for STLF. However, challenges persist in ANN models, particularly in weight initialization and susceptibility to local minima. The investigation underscores the necessity for sophisticated predictive models to enhance forecasting accuracy, advocating for the efficacy of hybrid models incorporating multiple predictive approaches. Acknowledging the changing landscape, the focus shifts to STLF in smart grids, exploring the transformative potential of advanced power networks. Smart measurement devices and storage systems are pivotal in boosting STLF accuracy, enabling more efficient energy management and resource allocation in evolving smart grid technologies. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of contemporary predictive models and suggests that ANNs and hybrid models could be the most suitable methods to attain reliable and accurate STLF. However, further research is required, including considerations of network complexity, improved training techniques, convergence rates, and highly correlated inputs to enhance STLF model performance in modern power systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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49. Myofunctional Speech Therapy for Facial Rejuvenation and Orofacial Function Improvement: A Systematic Review.
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Levrini, Luca, Baldelli, Giulia, Castellani, Chiara, Ricci, Luigia, Dellavia, Claudia Paola Bruna, Giannotta, Nicola, Pellegrini, Gaia, and Saran, Stefano
- Subjects
SPEECH therapy ,REJUVENATION ,MEDICAL databases ,AGE ,SKIN aging ,FACE ,MEDLINE - Abstract
This review aims to reveal the effectiveness of myofunctional speech therapy on facial rejuvenation and/or improvement of orofacial function. A systematic review of four medical electronic databases (Medline, Google Scholar, SciELO, and LILACS) was conducted between January and March 2023. The research question was defined using the PICO model: Population (P): adult subjects with signs of physiological aging of facial skin. Intervention (I): aesthetic speech therapy (facial exercises and/or myofunctional therapy). Control (C): absence of treatment. Outcome (O): facial rejuvenation. Through the search process, a total of 472 potentially relevant articles were identified. A total of 21 studies were included in the review. Most of the studies required the participants to perform exercises learned during the weekly session on a daily basis. The subjects underwent an integrated treatment with facial exercises and worked on the stomatognathic functions for different durations. Many differences were found in the evaluation tools used to investigate the starting situation and the effects obtained following the treatment. At the diagnostic level, there was no concordance in the choice of the most appropriate scales and assessment tools, but great heterogeneity was observed. Indeed, forty-eight percent of the studies collected objective data through the use of various instruments (oral devices, electromyographs, cutometers, muscle ultrasound scans, and laser scans of the face). The observed improvements included not only a reduction in wrinkles and frown lines but also decreased muscle tension and slackness, enhanced facial symmetry and lip competence, improved skin elasticity, and restored stomatognathic function. These changes led to myofunctional restoration and facial rejuvenation, resulting in increased satisfaction with self-image and proprioception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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50. Green solvents in battery recycling: status and challenges.
- Author
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Qiao, Wenyuan, Zhang, Ren, Wen, Yikai, Wang, Xinyi, Wang, Zheng, Tang, Guoqiang, Liu, Minghao, Kang, Hyokyeong, Said, Zafar, Hwang, Jang-Yeon, and Liu, Changhui
- Abstract
With the increasing global demand for energy and the continuous destruction of the environment, the demand for sustainable green development is becoming increasingly urgent. However, the development and renewal of new-energy vehicles and various electronic devices have resulted in an increasing number of waste batteries. The key to the sustainable development of today's battery industry is the efficient and green recycling of valuable waste batteries, especially metal resources. Recycling batteries cannot only halt the environmental pollution caused by batteries but also transform waste into resources for reuse. Current mainstream recycling methods, such as traditional hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, can cause substantial environmental pollution. We systematically reviewed the recent research progress on using green solvents to recycle battery metal materials. We summarized the characteristics and efficiency of each recycling process in detail to provide an effective reference for the future development of green solvents in the battery recycling industry. Finally, the prospects for developing battery technology and green solvent systems for recycling battery metal materials are discussed, and current considerations in the field of battery recycling and possibilities for each green solvent hybrid system are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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