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There are more displaced persons in the world than ever. Part of them arrive in Europe and ask for asylum status in Switzerland. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight in the current asylum process in Switzerland and its impact on the work situation of asylum seekers as an illustration of a meaningful occupation. The internet was searched for public statistics and reports about the asylum process in Switzerland. The main part of statistics and reports was available through the web site of the Swiss government. Asylum seekers in Switzerland have to wait between several months to two years until the asylum process is completed. During this time, a work permit is restricted. During the waiting time of the process and afterwards the likelihood of working in a low-income job is higher for asylum seekers compared to Swiss citizens. Furthermore, it usually takes more than two generations for an asylum seeker to reach the same work level as locals. Even though the welfare services offer some support for asylum seekers, statistics regarding work suggest that the integration into the Swiss labour market is still very difficult. Many factors hinder asylum seekers from integrating into the Swiss labour market. Swiss laws can create situations of occupational deprivation and a cut in occupational identity due to the non-acceptance of former professions and study degrees or work experience. In the current situation of Switzerland, the occupational therapy service is rarely involved in the process of work integration. The investigated statistics may show that occupational therapy could be a useful enrichment during the integration of asylum seekers into the labour market.

The originality of the present photocatalytic system consists in using luminous textiles for a double purpose: (i) supporting TiO2 photocatalysts and (ii) conveying UV-light all along the optical fibers and distributing it to the TiO2 particles deposited. Photocatalytic luminous textiles were tested in terms of stability and their photocatalytic activities were determined in the purification of water containing either formic acid or phenol. Luminous textiles were coated with TiO2 sols and or suspensions. The location of TiO2 was analysed by ESEM and EDX analysis and was shown to be uniform over the surface of optical fiber textiles, except for TiO2 powder coating, exhibiting titania present as clusters. A good adhesion and stability of the photocatalyst layer were found. The photocatalytic performances of the different TiO2 coatings, tested in the degradation of two model pollutants (formic acid and phenol), in a batch reactor indicated an optimum mass of TiO2 of about 2 mg/cm2. Degradation tests highlighted the higher activity of TiO2 powder coating in comparison with others coating tested, whatever the catalyst mass or pollutant tested. Photonic yields depend on the absorption properties of the coating. They range from 23 to 60% for formic acid degradation and from 6 to 8% for that of phenol, proving the efficiency of such luminous textile coating by TiO2. The performances observed indicate that luminous textiles are good candidates for supporting titania photocatalysts, thus avoiding tedious final filtrations when using suspensions

Optical fibre fabric developed by Brochier® Technologies Company is studied for water treatment field application. By TiO2 deposition on this type of textile, the interaction between photocatalyst and UV irradiation can be strongly improved. Indeed the internal irradiation promotes the absorption of light. However, the problem is the ageing of optical fibres induced by UV exposure in the presence of TiO2 coating. Two different optical fibre fabrics were compared in term of optical ageing properties. One optical fabric was coated by TiO2 only; the other fabric was protected by a silica layer before being coated by a photocatalyst. Irradiance measurements of local light emission along ageing process were carried out and were fitted with a theoretical expression of the phenomenon. Macroscopic observations were related to microscopic behaviour on the surface of the fabric. Optical Microscopy (OM) before and after UV exposure confirm the theoretical model suggesting that the ageing induce an increase of existing holes besides appearing of new holes. These measurements show an important ageing under UV irradiation of the fabrics not protected by a SiO2 layer, leading to inhomogeneous light distribution at the surface of the textile. In presence of SiO2 layer between fabrics and TiO2 layer, no ageing was observed. Moreover, as SiO2 is transparent to UV, the photocatalyst activity does not change.

SSCI-VIDE+CARE:ECI2D+EPU:CGU; International audience; None

SSCI-VIDE+CARE:ECI2D+EPU:CGU; International audience; None

We report here a study of gas, dust and star formation rates (SFRs) in the molecular cloud complexes (MCCs) surrounding the giant H$\,{\rm \scriptsize{II}}$ region RCW$\,$106 using $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO$\,$(1-0) data from the Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky way Survey (ThrUMMS) and archival data. We separate the emission in the Galactic Plane around $l=330^{\circ}$-$335^{\circ}$ and $b=-1^{\circ}$-$1^{\circ}$ into two main MCCs: the RCW$\,$106 (V$_{\rm LSR} = -48\,$km$\,$s$^{-1}$) complex and the MCC331-90(V$_{\rm LSR} = -90\,$km$\,$s$^{-1}$) complex. While RCW$\,$106 (M$\sim 5.9\times 10^{6}\,$M$_{\odot}$) is located in the Scutum-Centaurus arm at a distance of 3.6$\,$kpc, MCC331-90 (M$\sim 2.8\times 10^{6}\,$M$_{\odot}$) is in the Norma arm at a distance of 5$\,$kpc. Their molecular gas mass surface densities are $\sim220$ and $\sim130\,$M$_{\odot}$ pc$^{-2}$, respectively. For RCW$\,$106 complex, using the 21$\,$cm continuum fluxes and dense clump counting, we obtain an immediate past ($\sim$-0.2$\,$Myr) and an immediate future ($\sim$+0.2$\,$Myr) SFRs of $0.25_{-0.023}^{+0.09}\,$M$_{\odot},{\rm yr}^{-1}$ and $0.12\pm0.1 \,$M$_{\odot}\,{\rm yr}^{-1}$. This results in an immediate past SFR density of $9.5_{-0.9}^{+3.4}\,$M$_{\odot}\,{\rm yr}^{-1}\,{\rm kpc}^{-2}$ and an immediate future SFR density of $4.8_{-3.8}^{+3.8}\,$M$_{\odot}\,{\rm yr}^{-1}\,{\rm kpc}^{-2}$. As both SFRs in this cloud are higher than the ministarburst threshold, they must be undergoing a ministarburst event although burst peak has already passed. We conclude that this is one of the most active star forming complexes in the southern sky, ideal for further investigations of massive star formation and potentially shedding light on the physics of high-redshift starbursts., 17 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Modern urban planning considers various socio-economic issues and hence requires fine-grained, potentially sensitive spatial data, raising the disclosure dilemma: Whilst it is imperative to aggregate fine-grained sensitive records large enough to avoid disclosure, aggregation blurs the information, potentially hindering insights about spatially explicit relationships. MASC is an aggregation algorithm for sensitive data, balancing five aggregation criteria.

AIMS: The adaptation of the myocardial microcirculation in humans to pathologic and physiologic stress has not been examined in vivo so far. We sought to test whether the relative blood volume (rBV) measured by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) can differentiate between left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive heart disease and athlete's heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four groups were investigated: hypertensive patients with LVH (n = 15), semi-professional triathletes with LVH (n = 15), professional football players (n = 15), and sedentary control individuals without cardiovascular disease (n = 15). MCE was performed at rest and during adenosine-induced hyperaemia. The rBV (mL mL(-1)), its exchange frequency (beta, min(-1)), and myocardial blood flow (mL min(-1) g(-1)) were derived from steady state and refill sequences of ultrasound contrast agent. Hypertensive patients had lower rBV (0.093 +/- 0.013 mL mL(-1)) than triathletes (0.141 +/- 0.012 mL mL(-1), P < 0.001), football players (0.129 +/- 0.014 mL mL(-1), P < 0.001), and sedentary individuals (0.126 +/- 0.018 mL mL(-1), P < 0.001). Conversely, the exchange frequency (beta) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients (11.3 +/- 3.8 min(-1)) than in triathletes (7.4 +/- 1.8 min(-1)), football players (7.7 +/- 2.3 min(-1)), and sedentary individuals (9.0+/-2.5 min(-1)). An rBV below 0.114 mL mL(-1) distinguished hypertensive patients and triathletes with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION: Pathologic and physiologic LVH were differentiated non-invasively and accurately by rBV, a measure of vascularisation assessed by MCE.

A high-resolution record of the atmospheric CO2 concentration from 60 to 20 thousand years before present (kyr BP) based on measurements on the ice core of Taylor Dome, Antarctica is presented. This record shows four distinct peaks of 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) on a millennial time scale. Good correlation of the CO2 record with temperature reconstructions based on stable isotope measurements on the Vostok ice core (Antarctica) is found.

Building recognition systems for historical documents is a difficult task. Especially, when it comes to medieval scripts. The complexity is mainly affected by the poor quality and the small quantity of the data available. In this paper we apply an HMM based recognition system to medieval manuscripts from the 13th century written in Middle High German. The recognition system, which was originally developed for modern scripts, has been adapted to medieval scripts. Beside the data processing, one of the major challenges is to create a suitable language model. Because of the lack of appropriate independent text corpora for medieval languages, the language model has to be created on the base of a rather small number of manuscripts only. Due to the small size of the corpus, optimizing the language model parameters can quickly lead to the problem of overfitting. In this paper we describe a strategy to integrate all available information into the language model and to optimize the language model parameters without suffering from this problem.

We identified a direct interaction between the neuronal transmembrane protein calsyntenin-1 and the light chain of Kinesin-1 (KLC1). GST pulldowns demonstrated that two highly conserved segments in the cytoplasmic domain of calsyntenin-1 mediate binding to the tetratricopeptide repeats of KLC1. A complex containing calsyntenin-1 and the Kinesin-1 motor was isolated from developing mouse brain and immunoelectron microscopy located calsyntenin-1 in association with tubulovesicular organelles in axonal fiber tracts. In primary neuronal cultures, calsyntenin-1–containing organelles were aligned along microtubules and partially colocalized with Kinesin-1. Using live imaging, we showed that these organelles are transported along axons with a velocity and processivity typical for fast axonal transport. Point mutations in the two kinesin-binding segments of calsyntenin-1 significantly reduced binding to KLC1 in vitro, and vesicles bearing mutated calsyntenin-1 exhibited a markedly altered anterograde axonal transport. In summary, our results indicate that calsyntenin-1 links a certain type of vesicular and tubulovesicular organelles to the Kinesin-1 motor.