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Abstract Background Lipid management in clinic is critical to the prevention and treatment of Chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the manifestations of lipid indicators vary in types and have flexible association with CKD prognosis. Purpose Explore the associations between the widely used indicators of lipid metabolism and their distribution in clinic and CKD prognosis; provide a reference for lipid management and inform treatment decisions for patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3–5. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing the Self-Management Program for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort (SMP-CKD) database of 794 individuals with CKD stages 3–5. It covers demographic data, clinical diagnosis and medical history collection, laboratory results, circulating lipid profiles and lipid distribution assessments. Primary endpoint was defined as a composite outcome(the initiation of chronic dialysis or renal transplantation, sustained decline of 40% or more in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), doubled of serum creatinine (SCr) from the baseline, eGFR less than 5 mL/min/1.73m2, or all-cause mortality). Exposure variables were circulating lipid profiles and lipid distribution measurements. Association were assessed using Relative risks (RRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) computed by multivariate Poisson models combined with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression according to categories of lipid manifestations. The best model was selected via akaike information criterion (AIC), area under curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and net reclassification index (NRI). Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the interaction effects and robustness.. Results 255 individuals reached the composite outcome. Median follow-up duration was 2.03 [1.06, 3.19] years. Median age was 58.8 [48.7, 67.2] years with a median eGFR of 33.7 [17.6, 47.8] ml/min/1.73 m2. Five dataset were built after multiple imputation and five category-based Possion models were constructed for each dataset. Model 5 across five datasets had the best fitness with smallest AIC and largest AUC. The pooled results of Model 5 showed that total cholesterol (TC) (RR (95%CI) (per mmol/L) :1.143[1.023,1.278], P = 0.018) and percentage of body fat (PBF) (RR (95%CI) (per percentage):0.976[0.961,0.992], P = 0.003) were significant factors of composite outcome. The results indicated that comprehensive consideration of lipid metabolism and fat distribution is more critical in the prediction of CKD prognosis.. Conclusion Comprehensive consideration of lipid manifestations is optimal in predicting the prognosis of individuals with non-dialysis CKD stages 3–5.

BackgroundChinese patent medicine is commonly used in China as an important treatment mechanism to thwart the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5, among which Niaoduqing granules are a representative Chinese patent medicine; however, its long-term efficacy on CKD prognosis remains unclear.MethodsPatients were grouped according to Niaoduqing granule prescription duration (non-Niaoduqing granule (non-NDQ) group vs Niaoduqing granule (NDQ) group). Serum creatinine (SCr) variation was compared using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Multivariate Cox regression models were constructed, adjusting for confounding factors, to explore the risk of composite outcomes (receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) or having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)

Background Pediatric medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is one of the rare pediatric endocrine neoplasms. Derived from C cells of thyroid glands, MTC is more aggressive and more prompt to metastasis than other types of pediatric thyroid cancer. The mechanism remains unclear. Methods We performed single-cell transcriptome sequencing on the samples of the primary tumor and metastases lymph nodes from one patient diagnosed with MTC, and it is the first single-cell transcriptome sequencing data of pediatric MTC. In addition, whole exome sequencing was performed and peripheral blood was regarded as a normal reference. All cells that passed quality control were merged and analyzed in R to discover the association between tumor cells and their microenvironment as well as tumor pathogenesis. Results We first described the landscape of the single-cell atlas of MTC and studied the interaction between the tumor cell and its microenvironment. C cells, identified as tumor cells, and T cells, as the dominant participant in the tumor microenvironment, were particularly discussed in their development and interactions. In addition, the WES signature of tumor cells and their microenvironment were also described. Actively immune interactions were found, indicating B cells, T cells and myeloid cells were all actively participating in immune reaction in MTC. T cells, as the major components of the tumor microenvironment, proliferated in MTC and could be divided into clusters that expressed proliferation, immune effectiveness, and naive markers separately.

BOLD fMRI has become a prevalent method to study cerebral sensory processing in rodent disease models, including pain and mechanical hypersensitivity. fMRI data analysis is frequently combined with a general-linear-model (GLM) -based analysis, which uses the convolution of a hemodynamic response function (HRF) with the stimulus paradigm. However, several studies indicated that the HRF differs across species, sexes, brain structures, and experimental factors, including stimulation modalities or anesthesia, and hence might strongly affect the outcome of BOLD analyzes. While considerable work has been done in humans and rats to understand the HRF, much less is known in mice. As a prerequisite to investigate mechano-sensory processing and BOLD fMRI data in male and female mice, we (1) designed a rotating stimulator that allows application of two different mechanical modalities, including innocuous von Frey and noxious pinprick stimuli and (2) determined and statistically compared HRFs across 30 brain structures and experimental conditions, including sex and, stimulus modalities. We found that mechanical stimulation lead to brain-wide BOLD signal changes thereby allowing extraction of HRFs from multiple brain structures. However, we did not find differences in HRFs across all brain structures and experimental conditions. Hence, we computed a whole-brain mouse HRF, which is based on 88 functional scans from 30 mice. A comparison of this mouse-specific HRF with our previously reported rat-derived HRF showed significantly slower kinetics in mice. Finally, we detected pronounced differences in cerebral BOLD activation between male and female mice with mechanical stimulation, thereby exposing divergent processing of noxious and innocuous stimuli in both sexes.

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. Short-term self-management has been considered to effect some renal and psychological endpoints. However, there are currently very few studies about self-management for CKD that a) have been scientifically designed by a theory-based framework and b) that evaluate the long-term effects and working mechanism. This study presents the rationale and design of a theory-based cohort study to explore how this self-management intervention works and its effectiveness on the Chinese CKD population. Methods In this ambispective intervention cohort study,1,200 patients with CKD stages 1–5 will be recruited from July 2015 to July 2024 in 3 branches of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine (GPHCM) in Guangdong province, China. The patients in the self-management cohort will choose to receive an intervention that consists of education, nutrition/diet modification, lifestyle change recommendation, medication review, and psychology support based on Social Cognition Theory (SCT). The patients in the control cohort will do regular follow-ups based on the clinic rules. All the patients will be followed up for 5 years, or until the occurrence of a primary outcome. Detailed clinical, laboratory markers, nutritional status, psychological exposures and outcome questionaries will be collected semiannually in CKD stage 1–2 and trimonthly in stage 3–5 patients. The primary outcome is the occurrence of composite clinical endpoints (doubling of serum creatinine level, ESKD, loss of renal function (≥ 40% decline in GFR from baseline), death, major cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events). The main secondary outcomes include the absolute change and slope of eGFR, absolute changes of urinary protein creatinine ratio, 24-h urine proteinuria, intact parathyroid hormone level, and self-management adherence rate and quality of life from baseline to end of the study. The effectiveness of self-management will be analyzed and the association between longitudinal trajectories of self-management and renal outcomes will be evaluated. Discussion This study aims to provide further evidence for the effectiveness of theory-based self-management in CKD patients and to improve the lives of patients with CKD by slowing progression, improving psychological well-being and overall quality of life. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR1900024633). 19 July, 2019. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=38378

Objectives To develop and validate a nomogram model to predict chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 prognosis.Design A retrospective cohort study. We used univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to select the relevant predictors. To select the best model, we evaluated the prediction models’ accuracy by concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). We evaluated the clinical utility by decision curve analysis.Setting Chronic Disease Management (CDM) Clinic in the Nephrology Department at the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine.Participants Patients with CKD stages 3–5 in the derivation and validation cohorts were 459 and 326, respectively.Primary outcome measure Renal replacement therapy (haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, renal transplantation) or death.Results We built four models. Age, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine protein constituted the most basic model A. Haemoglobin, serum uric acid, cardiovascular disease, primary disease, CDM adherence and predictors in model A constituted model B. Oral medications and predictors in model A constituted model C. All the predictors constituted model D. Model B performed well in both discrimination and calibration (C-index: derivation cohort: 0.881, validation cohort: 0.886). Compared with model A, model B showed significant improvement in the net reclassification and integrated discrimination (model A vs model B: NRI: 1 year: 0.339 (−0.011 to 0.672) and 2 years: 0.314 (0.079 to 0.574); IDI: 1 year: 0.066 (0.010 to 0.127), p

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02409-y.

Abstract Background Chemoresistance is a major obstacle that limits the benefits of 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu)-based chemotherapy for colon cancer patients. Autophagy is an important cellular mechanism underlying chemoresistance. Recent research advances have given new insights into the use of natural bioactive compounds to overcome chemoresistance in colon cancer chemotherapy. As one of the multitargeted and safer phytomedicines, curcumin has been reported to work as cancer-specific chemosensitizer, presumably via induction of autophagic signaling pathways. The precise therapeutic effect of curcumin on autophagy in determining tumorous cells’ fate, however, remains unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the differential modulations of the treatments either with 5-Fu alone or 5-Fu combined with curcumin on cellular autophagic responses and viabilities in the human colon cancer cells HCT116 and HT29, and explore molecular signaling transductions underlying the curcumin-mediated autophagic changes and potentiation of 5-Fu’s cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Methods Cell proliferation assay and morphology observation were used to identify the cytotoxicity of different combinations of curcumin and 5-Fu in HCT116 and HT29 cells. Cell immunofluorescence assay, Flow cytometry and Western blot were employed to detect changes of autophagy and the autophagy-related signaling pathways in the colon cancer cells and/or xenograft mice. Results Curcumin could significantly augment the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu to the tumorous cells, and the pre-treatment with curcumin followed by 5-Fu (pre-Cur) proved to be the most effective one compared to other two combinations. The chemosensitizing role of curcumin might attribute to the autophagy turnover from being activated in 5-Fu mono-treatment to being inhibited in the pre-Cur treatment as indicated by the changes in expression of beclin-1, p62 and LC3II/LC3I and the intensity of Cyto-ID Green staining. The autophagic alterations appeared to be contributed by down-regulation of not only the phospho-Akt and phospho-mTOR expressions but the phospho-AMPK and phospho-ULK1 levels as well. The cellular activation of AMPK by addition of A-769662 to the pre-Cur combination resulted in reversed changes in expressions of the autophagy protein markers and apoptotic status compared to those of the pre-Cur combination treatment. The findings were validated in the xenograft mice, in which the tumor growth was significantly suppressed in the mice with 25-day combination treatment, and meanwhile expressions of the autophagy markers, P-AMPK and P-ULK1 were all reversely altered in line with those observed in HCT116 cells. Conclusion Pre-treatment with curcumin followed by 5-Fu may mediate autophagy turnover both in vitro and in vivo via AMPK/ULK1-dependent autophagy inhibition and AKT modulation, which may account for the increased susceptibility of the colon cancer cells/xenograft to the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu.

Abstract Hypervalent molecules are one of the exceptions to the octet rule. Bonding in most hypervalent molecules is well rationalized by the Rundle–Pimentel model (three-center four-electron bond), and high ionic bonding between the ligands and the central atom is essential for stabilizing hypervalent molecules. Here, we produced one of the simplest hypervalent anions, HF−, which is known to deviate from the Rundle–Pimentel model, and identified its ro-vibrational features. High-level ab inito calculations reveal that its bond dissociation energy is comparable to that of dihalides, as supported by secondary photolysis experiments with irradiation at various wavelengths. The charge distribution analysis suggested that the F atom of HF− is negative and hypervalent and the bonding is more covalent than ionic.

The laser ablation synthesis in solution (LASiS) method has been widely utilized due to its significant prospects in laser microprocessing of nanomaterials. In this study, the LASiS method with the addition of different surfactant charges (cationic CTAB, nonionic TX-100, and anionic SDS) was used to produce Au NPs. An Nd:YAG laser system at 532 nm excitation with some synthetic parameters, including different laser fluences, ablation times, and surfactant concentrations was performed. The obtained Au NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. The Au NPs exhibited the maximum absorption peak at around 520 nm for all samples. The color of Au NPs was changed from red to reddish by increasing the laser fluence. The surfactant charges also played different roles in the Au NPs’ growth during the synthesis process. The average sizes of Au NPs were found to be 8.5 nm, 5.5 nm, and 15.5 nm with the medium containing CTAB, TX-100, and SDS, respectively. Besides, the different surfactant charges induced different performances to protect Au NPs from agglomeration. Overall, the SDS and CTAB surfactants exhibited higher stability of the Au NPs compared to the Au NPs with TX-100 surfactant.

This paper analysed the value creation activities of cultural and creative products developed from cultural heritage. It employed the case study methodology to examine two collaboration projects between the Bright Ideas Design, Co. Ltd. and National Palace Museum. A framework was developed based on the review of the relevant literature on cultural products, value creation and digital content. Research data included information obtained from semi-structured interviews and secondary sources. The findings suggest that there are two stages and two dimensions in the value creation activities of culture-creative products. The stages include the generation of design ideas as well as the substantiation of creativity. In each stage, the designers must take the dimensions of symbol instantiation as well as user experiences into account. In the first stage of idea generation, the key points were the decoding and extraction of cultural symbols, which were then turned into designs that trigger new experiences. In the second stage of substantiation of creativity, the major tasks were the reshaping of the cultural symbols and the integration of the transformed symbols into design that meets expected experiences. The collaboration projects have produced trifold effects which addressed cross the gaps caused by different generations, forms and cultures. The analysis and the findings of this paper may shed lights on the future cultural and creative productions between memory organizations and collaborating designers. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

Recently, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been used to study the treatment of malignant tumors due to their higher biocompatibility and lesser toxicity. In addition, they can be excited through a specific wavelength to produce oscillating plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) on the basis of the localized surface plasma resonance (LSPR) effect. Au NPs can be heated to kill cancer cells in specific parts of the body in a noninvasive manner. In this study, branched gold nanoparticles (BAu NPs) were prepared by mixing HAuCl4 in a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer solution in a molar ratio of 1:2000. The UV–vis absorption peak was detected in the range of 700–1000 nm. Subsequently, BAu NPs were chemically linked to a thiol-modified mannoside molecule via a stable sulfur–Au covalent bond (Man@BAu NPs). Due to the presence of abundant mannose receptors on human-breast-cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, Man@BAu NPs were found to be abundant inside cancer cells. After irradiating the Man@BAu NP-laden MDA-MB231 switch with a near-infrared (NIR) laser at 808 nm wavelength, the photothermal-conversion effect raised the surface temperature of Man@BAu NPs, thus inducing cell death. Our experiment results demonstrated the advantages of applying Man@BAu NPs in inducing cell death in MDA-MB-231.

To facilitate direct spectroscopic observation of hydrogen chloride anions (HCl-), electron bombardment of CH3Cl diluted in excess Ar during matrix deposition was used to generate this anion. Subsequent characterization were performed by IR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Moreover the band intensity of HCl- decays slowly when the matrix sample is maintained in the dark for a prolonged time. High-level ab inito calculation suggested that HCl- is only weakly bound. Atom-in-molecule charge analysis indicated that both atoms of HCl- are negatively charged and the Cl atom is hypervalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-center two-electron bonds are important for understanding electron-deficient molecules. To examine such a molecule, we produced a diborane(5) anion with a single-bridged structure upon electron bombardment during matrix deposition of Ar containing a small proportion of diborane(6). The diborane(5) anion was destroyed upon photolysis at 180, 220, 385, and 450 nm, but not at 532 nm. Moreover, the possible formation of neutral diborane(5) was observed upon photolysis at 385 and 450 nm, whereas neutral diborane(3) was observed upon photolysis at 180 and 220 nm. The observed line wavenumbers, relative intensities, and isotopic ratios of the diborane(5) anion agreed satisfactorily with those predicted by density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. Thus, this method produced the boron hydride anion of interest with few other fragments, which enabled us to clearly identify the IR spectrum of the diborane(5) anion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Perampanel (PER) is a newly developed antiseizure medication (ASM). This study aimed to determine the utilization of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for PER in a real-world clinical setting and investigate the influence of concomitant use of ASMs on the plasma concentration profile of PER. Method: We analyzed data from the Chang Gung Research Database, which is the largest multi-institutional electronic medical records database in Taiwan. The main outcomes were the comparisons of PER plasma concentration and the ratio of concentration to the weight-adjusted dose (C/D; [ng/mL]/[mg/kg/d]) among patients received TDM of different clinical indication and among different ASM co-medication subgroups. Results: Overall, 88 plasma samples were collected from 66 epilepsy patients treated with PER. The majority of patients (77.3 %) underwent PER TDM owing to poorly controlled seizures. There was a trend toward a higher plasma concentration and C/D ratio in those suspected of having PER toxicity owing to adverse events than of other indications. The PER concentration exhibited dose linearity. The mean PER plasma concentrations in patients co-medicated with enzyme-inducing ASMs were significantly lower than those in the patients who were not prescribed enzyme-inducing or enzyme-inhibiting ASMs, and co-medication with carbamazepine (CBZ) resulted in a significant reduction in the PER concentration. Conclusion: PER concentration exhibited a linear regression relationship with PER dose, and the plasma concentration of the drug was highly susceptible to the drug's interactions with enzyme-inducing ASMs. TDM with clear indication could help determine the influence of ASMs used concomitantly on PER concentrations and guide clinical adjustments.

Irradiation of samples of solid Ne near 3.0 K containing ethene (C2H4) with vacuum ultraviolet radiation at 120 nm from synchrotron yielded new spectral lines at 3141.0, 2953.6, 2911.5, 1357.4, 677.1, 895.3, and 857.0 cm-1. These features are assigned to α-CH stretching (ν1), CH2 antisymmetric stretching (ν2), CH2 symmetric stretching (ν3), CH2-bending (ν5), HCCH cis bending (ν7), CH2 out-of-plane bending (ν8), and α-CH out-of-plane bending (ν9) modes of C2H3, respectively, based on results of 13C- and D-isotopic experiments and quantum-chemical calculations. These calculations using density-functional theory (B3LYP and PW91PW91/aug-cc-pVTZ) predict vibrational wavenumbers, IR intensities, and isotopic ratios of vinyl radical that agree satisfactorily with our experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the photodissociation of o-fluorotoluene [o-C6H4(CH3)F] at 193 nm, rotationally resolved emission spectra of HF(1≤=v≥=4) in the spectral region of 2800–4000 cm-1 are detected with a step-scan Fourier transform spectrometer. HF(v≤=4) shows nearly Boltzmann-type rotational distributions corresponding to a temperature ∼1080 K; a short extrapolation from data in the period of 0.5–4.5 μs leads to a nascent rotational temperature of 1130±100 K with an average rotational energy of 9±2 kJ mol-1. The observed vibrational distribution of (v=1):(v=2):(v=3)=67.6: 23.2: 9.2 corresponds to a vibrational temperature of 5330±270 K. An average vibrational energy of 25±312 kJ mol-1 is derived based on the observed population of HF(1≤=v≤=3) and estimates of the population of HF (v=0 and 4) by extrapolation. Experiments performed on p-fluorotoluene [p-C6H4(CH3)F] yielded similar results with an average rotational energy of 9±2 kJ mol-1 and vibrational energy of 26±312 kJ mol-1 for HF. The observed distributions of internal energy of HF in both cases are consistent with that expected for four-center elimination. A modified impulse model taking into account geometries and displacement vectors of transition states during bond breaking predicts satisfactorily the rotational excitation of HF. An observed vibrational energy of HF produced from fluorotoluene slightly smaller than that from fluorobenzene might indicate the involvement of seven-membered-ring isomers upon photolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irradiation of an Ar matrix sample containing H[sub 2]S and CO (or OCS) with an ArF excimer laser at 193 nm yields trans-HSCO (denoted t-HSCO). New lines at 1823.3, 931.6, and 553.3 cm-1 appear after photolysis and their intensity enhances after annealing; secondary photolysis at 248 nm diminishes these lines and produces OCS and CO. These lines are assigned to C–O stretching, HSC-bending, and C–S stretching modes of t-HSCO, respectively, based on results of [sup 13]C-isotopic experiments and theoretical calculations. Theoretical calculations using density-functional theories (B3LYP and PW91PW91) predict four stable isomers of HSCO: t-HSCO, c-HSCO, HC(O)S, and c-HOCS, listed in increasing order of energy. According to calculations with B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ, t-HSCO is planar, with bond lengths of 1.34 Å (H–S), 1.81 Å (S–C), and 1.17 Å (C–O), and angles /_ HSC≅93.4° and /_ SCO≅128.3°; it is more stable than c-HSCO and HC(O)S by ∼9 kJ mol-1 and more stable than c-HOCS by ∼65 kJ mol-1. Calculated vibrational wave numbers, IR intensities, and [sup 13]C-isotopic shifts for t-HSCO fit satisfactorily with experimental results. This new spectral identification of t-HSCO provides information for future investigations of its roles in atmospheric chemistry. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An application of time-resolved Fourier transform spectroscopy is reported to investigate the collisional excitation of CO by O ([super 1]D) and compare observed distributions of internal states of CO with those from previous reports. The observed average rotational energy of 33 plusmn 6 kj [mol.sup.-1] and vibrational energy of 40 plusmn kj [mol.sup.-1] of CO demonstrate that a substantial fraction of available energy is partitioned into the internal energy of CO, with [f.sub.r] approximately equal to 0.17 plusmn 0.03 and [f.sub.v] approximately equal to 0.21 plusmn 0.02.

The infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra of pure solid N2 and CH4 diluted in solid N2 (1/100) irradiated with energetic electrons at 10K were obtained. The IR absorption measurements of the electron-bombarded pure N2 solid reveal the formation of N3 and N3 + , which was confirmed by the observed electronic transitions A²Σu + ←X ² ⨅g of N3 and A 3⨅u ←X 3Σg - of N3 + . In the case of N2 ice containing a small proportion of CH4, we have identified the products of irradiated CH4/N2 ice, including N3, CnN (n = 1-3), CN2, (CN)2, CH3N, HCN2, HC2N, C(NH)2, HNC, HCN, CH3, C2H, C2H2, CN-, NH3 + , and HC3N+ . UV absorption measurement of the ice sample was carried out and the possible carriers associated with the observed absorption bands were assigned and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a major public health hazard in China. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD, NAFLD with abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and determine the potential associations of ALT levels with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the absence or presence of NAFLD in Chinese adults. A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2226 participants. Physical examinations, laboratory tests and hepatic ultrasounds were performed. Individuals were further stratified into higher or lower ALT subgroups with the upper quartiles of ALT in this population. The MetS was identified according to the criteria of the Chinese Joint Committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines (JCDCG). The standardized prevalence of NAFLD was 23.3% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 3.1%), 26.5% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 5.1%) in males, and 19.7% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 0.9%) in females. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that higher ALT was significantly associated with elevated triglyceride (TG) in the non-NAFLD participants, independent of age, smoking status, drinking status, and other MetS-related measures with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 3.4 (1.6-7.1) and 2.3 (1.4-3.7) in males and females, respectively. On the other hand, the higher ALT was statistically associated with elevated TG and hyperglycemia in the NAFLD cases with odds ratios of 2.2 to 2.5 ( P < 0.05). The prevalence of NAFLD has become epidemic in Shanghai adults. NAFLD combined with ALT levels may be used to identify the individuals at the different risk levels of metabolic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mixture of O3and CO2was irradiated with light from a KrF laser at 248 nm; time-resolved infrared emission of CO2in the region 2000−2400 cm−1was observed with a Fourier transform spectrometer. This emission involves one quantum in the asymmetric stretching mode (ν3) of CO2in highly vibrationally excited states. The band contour agrees satisfactorily with a band shape calculated based on a simplified polyad model of CO2and a vibrational distribution estimated through a statistical partitioning of energy of ∼13 000 cm−1, ∼3100 cm−1smaller than the available energy, into the vibrational modes of CO2. From this model, approximately 44% and 5% of the available energy of O(1D) + CO2is converted into the vibrational and rotational energy of product CO2, respectively, consistent with previous reports of ∼50% for the translational energy. An extent of rotational excitation of CO2much smaller than that expected from statistical calculations indicates a mechanism that causes a small torque to be given to CO2when an O atom leaves the complex CO3on the triplet exit surface of potential energy, consistent with quantum-chemical calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first eight-coordinated trivalent lanthanide complexes with an achiral ligand 6,7-dicyanodipyridoquinoxaline (dicnq), [DyCl3(dicnq)2]n(1and 1′) were found to exhibit spontaneous chiral resolution, SHG active (two times that of KDP) and blue luminescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, endless stream of news for medical violence to make Nurse-Patient Relationship (NPR) was valued. This study is using Multimedia Situation Teaching (MST) to intervene in Nursing training process keep 6 months, probe the effects of new nurses to establish of NPR. Choose 11 new nurses in a medical ward for the study. Using Therapeutic Interpersonal substantive capacity questionnaire survey effects of new nurses establish NPR. After intervention, 94.45% of new nurses can use positive attitude to establish NPR, 90.90% of new nurses represent MST can effectively convey the right attitude in a clinical situation. Using MST can effectively improve new nurses established NPR, we can further enhance the quality of Nursing care, reduce the incidence of medical violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemical reactions of C2H4 dispersed in solid nitrogen at 10 K that occur upon irradiation with Lyα light at a wavelength of 121.6 nm and 500 eV electrons were investigated by measuring the infrared absorption spectra. Photolysis of the matrix samples with 121.6 nm light yielded products, including C2H2, CN, and isomers of C2N2, as well as a pair of HCN and HNC. In contrast, electron bombardment of similar matrix samples mainly resulted in the generation of N3, C2H2, C2H3, C3H2, and C3N−. Mechanisms of the reactions that occur during the photolysis and electron-radiation of the matrix samples are discussed. The results of the study provide insights into the formation of HNC and HCN, as well as nitriles, in N2-rich ice samples containing a small proportion of C2H4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]