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Abstract Objective This study aims to explore the relationship between pre-existing renal impairment and oncological outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) using data from a multicentre international registry. Patients and methods Data on non-metastatic UTUC patients who underwent RNU were obtained from the Clinical Research Office of the Endourology Society Urothelial Carcinomas of the Upper Tract (CROES-UTUC) Registry. Patients were categorised into normal pre-operative renal function and chronic renal impairment (CKD) groups, with CKD defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/kg/1.73 m². Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was employed to investigate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify confounding variables. Results A total of 1393 patients diagnosed with UTUC who underwent RNU between 2014 and 2019 were analysed. 875 patients (62.4%) had normal renal function, whilst 528 patients (37.6%) had CKD prior to RNU. The two groups had similar proportions of bladder cancer history, comparable cardiovascular comorbidity, similar tumour stage, and comparable proportions receiving laparoscopic or robotic-assisted RNU. In multivariable cox regression analysis, CKD was found to be associated with inferior DFS (HR = 1.419; 95%CI = 1.060–1.898; p = 0.019). Upon multivariable analysis, pre-existing renal impairment and higher T stage (HR = 4.613; 95%CI = 1.829–4.712; p

Objective: To scrutinize the definitions of minimal invasive surgical therapy (MIST) and to investigate urologists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices for benign prostatic obstruction surgeries. Methods: A 36-item survey was developed with a Delphi method. Questions on definitions of MIST and attitudes and practices of benign prostatic obstruction surgeries were included. Urologists were invited globally to complete the online survey. Consensus was achieved when more than or equal to 70% responses were “agree or strongly agree” and less than or equal to 15% responses were “disagree or strongly disagree” (consensus agree), or when more than or equal to 70% responses were “disagree or strongly disagree” and less than or equal to 15% responses were “agree or strongly agree” (consensus disagree). Results: The top three qualities for defining MIST were minimal blood loss (n=466, 80.3%), fast post-operative recovery (n=431, 74.3%), and short hospital stay (n=425, 73.3%). The top three surgeries that were regarded as MIST were Urolift® (n=361, 62.2%), Rezum® (n=351, 60.5%), and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) (n=332, 57.2%). Consensus in the knowledge section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®, Rezum®, and iTIND® over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss, recovery, day surgery feasibility, and post-operative continence. Consensus in the attitudes section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®, Rezum®, and iTIND® over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss, recovery, and day surgery feasibility. Consensus on both sections was achieved for EEP as the option with the better symptoms and flow improvement, lower retreatment rate, and better suitable for prostate more than 80 mL. Conclusion: Minimal blood loss, fast post-operative recovery, and short hospital stay were the most important qualities for defining MIST. Urolift®, Rezum®, and EEP were regarded as MIST by most urologists.

Aiming at the problems of uneven mixing and low production efficiency of domestic silage mixer, a double- helix TMR (Total Mixed Rations) preparation mixer for silage straw feed was designed to replace the traditional vertical single-helix mixer. The performance tests and parameter optimization were carried out on this preparation machine. By analyzing the mixing process and mechanism of the diets in the mixing chamber, the key factors affecting the mixing performance and the range were determined. It was found that the greater the stirring speed of the churn, the greater the angle of material lift, the more conducive to improving the material lifting capacity of the churn device. The mixing characteristics of the preparation machine and the movement of material were numerically simulated using EDEM simulation software, and the mixing effect of the preparation machine was verified. The three-factor and five-level CCD center combination orthogonal rotary test in the prototype was carried out with stirring speed of the churn, mixing time and filling coefficient as influencing factors, mixing uniformity, roughage particle size and ton material energy consumption as evaluation indexes. The test results showed that the contribution of each factor to the mixing uniformity in descending order was filling coefficient, stirring speed and mixing time, to the roughage particle size was stirring speed, mixing time and filling coefficient, and to the ton material energy consumption was filling coefficient, mixing time and stirring speed. The optimal working parameters for mixing performance by comprehensive optimization could be concluded as stirring speed of 48.59 r/min, mixing time of 14.98 min, and filling coefficient of 70%. In addition, the mixing uniformity, roughage particle size and ton material energy consumption were obtained as 91.11%, 72.13% and 2.99 kW·h/t. The relative error for all evaluation indexes between the experimental results with round parameter combination and the predicted value was verified to be less than 3%. It can be seen the double-helix TMR preparation mixer can meet the demand for efficient mixing of silage straw feed, which obviously provides data reference and technical support for the design and selection of operating parameters of TMR preparation machines.

Abstract Background The evidence of prognostic factors and individualized surveillance strategies for upper tract urothelial carcinoma are still weak. Objectives To evaluate whether the history of previous malignancy (HPM) affects the oncological outcomes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Methods The CROES-UTUC registry is an international, observational, multicenter cohort study on patients diagnosed with UTUC. Patient and disease characteristics from 2380 patients with UTUC were collected. The primary outcome of this study was recurrence-free survival. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed by stratifying patients according to their HPM. Results A total of 996 patients were included in this study. With a median recurrence-free survival time of 7.2 months and a median follow-up time of 9.2 months, 19.5% of patients had disease recurrence. The recurrence-free survival rate in the HPM group was 75.7%, which was significantly lower than non-HPM group (82.7%, P = 0.012). Kaplan-Meier analyses also showed that HPM could increase the risk of upper tract recurrence (P = 0.048). Furthermore, patients with a history of non-urothelial cancers had a higher risk of intravesical recurrence (P = 0.003), and patients with a history of urothelial cancers had a higher risk of upper tract recurrence (P = 0.015). Upon multivariate Cox regression analysis, the history of non-urothelial cancer was a risk factor for intravesical recurrence (P = 0.004), and the history of urothelial cancer was a risk factor for upper tract recurrence (P = 0.006). Conclusion Both previous non-urothelial and urothelial malignancy could increase the risk of tumor recurrence. But different cancer types may increase different sites’ risk of tumor recurrence for patients with UTUC. According to present study, more personalized follow-up plans and active treatment strategies should be considered for UTUC patients.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of UTUC patients with or without concurrent bladder tumor. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Clinical Research Office of the Endourology Society-Urothelial Carcinomas of the Upper Tract (CROES-UTUC) Registry included 1134 UTUC patients with or without concurrent bladder tumor treated between 2014 and 2019. Results: In 218 (19.2%) cases, concurrent bladder tumor was present, while in 916 (80.8%) patients, no bladder cancer was found. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, concomitant bladder tumor (hazard ratio (HR) 1.562, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.954–2.560, p = 0.076) indicated a trend associated with recurrence-free survival for UTUC. Further data dissection confirmed that concomitant bladder tumor is a risk factor of bladder recurrence (HR 1.874, 95% CI 1.104–3.183, p = 0.020) but not UTUC recurrence (HR 0.876, 95% CI 0.292–2.625, p = 0.812). Kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) (HR 3.940, 95% CI 1.352–11.486, p = 0.012), pathological T staging ≥ pT2 (HR 2.840, 95% 1.039–7.763, p = 0.042) were significantly associated with UTUC recurrence. KSS does not affect bladder recurrence (HR 0.619, 95% CI 0.242–1.580, p = 0.315). A limitation is the retrospective nature of the present study analysis. Conclusions: The presence of concomitant bladder tumor does not increase risk of UTUC recurrence, but it results in an increased risk of bladder recurrence. KSS does not affect bladder recurrence and can still be considered in patients with concomitant bladder tumor.

IntroductionConventionally, we rely on transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) for local staging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the procedure is limited by its staging inaccuracy which may delay the definitive treatment of MIBC.MethodsWe conducted a proof-of concept study on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy of detrusor muscle in porcine bladders. Five porcine bladders were used in this experiment. Upon EUS, four layers of tissue including the mucosa (hypoechoic), submucosa (hyperechoic), detrusor muscle (hypoechoic) and serosa (hyperechoic) could be identified.ResultsA total of 37 EUS-guided biopsies were taken from 15 sites (three sites per bladder), and the mean number of biopsies taken from each site was 2.47±0.64. Among the 37 biopsies, 30 of them (81.1%) obtained detrusor muscle in the biopsy specimen. For the per biopsy site analysis, detrusor muscle was obtained in 73.3% if only one biopsy was taken, and 100% if two or more biopsies were taken from the same biopsy site. Overall, detrusor muscle was successfully obtained from all 15 biopsy sites (100%). No bladder perforation was observed throughout all biopsy processes.ConclusionEUS-guided biopsy of the detrusor muscle could be performed during the initial cystoscopy session, thus expediting the histological diagnosis and subsequent treatment of MIBC.

Selenium (Se)-based cathode materials have garnered considerable interest for lithium-ion batteries due to their numerous advantages, including low cost, high volumetric capacity (3268 mAh cm−3), high density (4.82 g cm−3), ability to be cycled to high voltage (4.2 V) without failure, and environmental friendliness. However, they have low electrical conductivity, low coulombic efficiency, and polyselenide solubility in electrolytes (shuttle effect). These factors have an adverse effect on the electrochemical performance of Li-Se batteries, rendering them unsuitable for real-world use. In this study, we briefly examined numerous approaches to overcoming these obstacles, including selecting an adequate electrolyte, the composition of Se with carbonaceous materials, and the usage of metal selenide base electrodes. Furthermore, we examined the effect of introducing interlayers between the cathode and the separator. Finally, the remaining hurdles and potential study prospects in this expanding field are proposed to inspire further insightful work.

Abstract Urinary bladder cancer is a common cancer worldwide. Currently, the modality of treating and monitoring bladder cancer is wide. Nonetheless, the high recurrence rate of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after surgical resection is still unsatisfactory. Hereby, our study demonstrated whether the intra-operative and post-operative environments will affect bladder cancer recurrence utilizing in vitro cell line model. Bladder cancer cell lines were submerged in four different irrigating fluids for assessing their tumorigenic properties. Our results showed that sterile water performed the best in terms of the magnitude of cytotoxicity to cell lines. Besides, we also investigated cytotoxic effects of the four irrigating agents as well as mitomycin C (MMC) in normothermic and hyperthermic conditions. We observed that sterile water and MMC had an increased cytotoxic effect to bladder cancer cell lines in hyperthermic conditions. Altogether, our results could be translated into clinical practice in the future by manipulating the intra-operative and post-operative conditions in order to lower the chance of residual cancer cells reimplant onto the bladder, which in turns, reducing the recurrence rate of bladder cancers.

Abstract To dispose the fragility and poor conductivity problems of SiO‐based anode materials, a “phase change mediation combined with cord reinforcing” concept is proposed, in which graphene cord is in situ fabricated combined with Si and SiO2 nanodomains generated in the SiO matrix via chemical vapor deposition. Being the fabricated composite, graphene cord not only bridges but also wraps the SiO particles, improving the electrical conductivity and flexibility of the fabricated SiO@Gra anode. Moreover, the increased SiO2 regions in the Si/SiO matrix alleviate volume change and release the strain for Li+ insertion, enhancing the tenacity of the SiO electrode according to the phase transformation flexibility mechanism. Besides, the grain boundaries and interfaces among the Si/SiO2/SiO regions contribute to additional Li+ storage and pledge more channels for Li+ transfer and electrolyte wetting. The merit of Si/SiO2/SiO synergistically contributes to the ascendant electrochemical performance of the SiO anodes. The as‐fabricated SiO@Gra anodes deliver a high reversible capacity of 1127 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 with 87% capacity retention after 200 cycles. The proposed phase change and cord reinforcing not only deepen the understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanism of Li+ in SiO, but also inspire a rational design tactic for advanced lithium‐ions batteries.

Background Bladder cancer (CaB) has a high recurrence rate despite surgery. As bladder is constantly filled with urine, it is worthwhile to investigate whether it could have any detrimental effects on bladder cancer cells. Methods We investigated the cytotoxicity of urine samples from CaB patients and normal controls on four CaB cell lines and tested the percentage of cell death, proliferation, adhesion, invasion and colonies formation ability. In order to identify the potential components involving in urine cytotoxicity, we evaluated some basic physiochemical parameters of urines, such as pH, osmolarity, creatinine (Cr), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (PO4). We further compared the pH values of urine samples between CaB who developed recurrence versus those who did not. A more in-depth analysis on inflammatory markers was performed for two representative urine samples which demonstrated opposite cytoxic effects. Results 23 CaB patients and 20 normal controls were recruited into this study. According to in vitro experiments, both CaB and non-CaB urines had comparable effect on cell toxicity, proliferation, adhesion, invasion and colonies formation ability in four cell lines, HTB9, RT4, T24 and UMUC3, while RT4 was the most sensitive to urine toxicity. After evaluating the relationship between basic physiochemical parameters and cytotoxicity, we found out that there were strong negative correlations between pH value and 24 hours death rate for the 4 CaB cell lines (HTB9 r = -0.6651, pConclusions Our study confirmed that there was not statistically significant difference in cytotoxicity between CaB and non-CaB urines. However, we identified some parameters that could have an impact on cytotoxicity towards CaB cells. Modifying certain urine characteristics peri-operatively may induce cytotoxicity, avoid tumour re-implantation, and reduce the chance of cancer recurrence.

Background: The efficacy of intravesical chemotherapy maintenance for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is inferior compared to intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG). How intravesical chemohyperthermia (CHT) compares with BCG is under investigation.Objective: To compare the oncological outcomes and safety profile between intravesical CHT and BCG treatment for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC.Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies comparing CHT with BCG for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC patients. A comprehensive literature search on OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library was conducted. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane RoB tool and ROBINS-I. Certainty of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.Results: A total of 2,375 articles were identified and five studies were finally included. Among them, four randomised trials comprising 327 patients (CHT group: 156 patients; BCG group: 171 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. There were no significant differences in the 24–36 months recurrence rates (CHT: 29.5%, BCG: 37.4%; RR: 0.83, 95% CI 0.61–1.13; moderate certainty of evidence) and the 24–36 months progression rates (CHT: 4.4%, BCG: 7.6%, RR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.26–1.49; low certainty of evidence). There were also no significant differences in grade 1–2 adverse events (CHT group: 59.9%, BCG group 54.5%; RR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.93–1.30; moderate certainty of evidence) and grade 3 or above adverse events (CHT group: 23.2%, BCG group 22.5%; RR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.69–1.43; low certainty of evidence).Conclusions: Intravesical CHT had equivalent oncological outcomes and similar safety profile when compared to BCG maintenance therapy for patients with intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC. CHT is a possible alternative treatment in the times of BCG shortage.

Urinary bladder cancer is a common urological cancer. Although flexible cystoscopy is widely employed in bladder cancer detection, it is expensive, invasive, and uncomfortable to the patients. Recently, urinary cell-free DNA (ucfDNA) isolated from urine supernatant has been shown to have great potential in bladder cancer detection and surveillance. Molecular features, such as integrity and concentration of ucfDNA, have been shown to be useful for differentiating bladder cancer patients from healthy controls. Besides, bladder cancer also exhibits unique genetic features that can be identified from sequencing and expression of ucfDNA. Apart from bladder cancer detection, ucfDNA is also useful for molecular classification. For example, ucfDNA exhibits significant differences, both molecularly and genetically, in non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancers. There is no doubt that ucfDNA is a very promising tool for future applications in the field of bladder cancer.

Copyright of INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering is the property of INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Conventionally, we rely on transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) for local staging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the procedure is limited by its staging inaccuracy which may delay the definitive treatment of MIBC. Methods: We conducted a proof-of concept study on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy of detrusor muscle in porcine bladders. Five porcine bladders were used in this experiment. Upon EUS, four layers of tissue including the mucosa (hypoechoic), submucosa (hyperechoic), detrusor muscle (hypoechoic) and serosa (hyperechoic) could be identified. Results: A total of 37 EUS-guided biopsies were taken from 15 sites (three sites per bladder), and the mean number of biopsies taken from each site was 2.47 ±0.64. Among the 37 biopsies, 30 of them (81.1%) obtained detrusor muscle in the biopsy specimen. For the per biopsy site analysis, detrusor muscle was obtained in 73.3% if only one biopsy was taken, and 100% if two or more biopsies were taken from the same biopsy site. Overall, detrusor muscle was successfully obtained from all 15 biopsy sites (100%). No bladder perforation was observed throughout all biopsy processes. Conclusion: EUS-guided biopsy of the detrusor muscle could be performed during the initial cystoscopy session, thus expediting the histological diagnosis and subsequent treatment of MIBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mobility of peptides and related heteropolymers is detected using an electrophilic reagent and cyclization processes. The N-terminal imines formed by reaction of peptides with aldehydes react with tosylmethylisocyanides to give imidazole products.

The C-2/C-3 annulation and C-2 alkylation of indoles with 2-alkoxycyclopropanoates esters are being reported. The annulation reaction is found to exhibit extremely high efficiency and complete stereochemical control.

The specific regulatory mechanism of bladder urothelial barrier dysfunction after infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is still unclear. The cross talk between bladder urothelial cells and mast cells may play an important role during UPEC infection. In this study, the pyroptosis of urothelial cells was investigated after UPEC infection both in vivo and in vitro. The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in exosomes derived from bladder urothelial cells after UPEC infection were detected. The role of these processes in the recruitment and activation of mast cells was measured. The mechanism of mast cell-induced disruption of bladder epithelial barrier function was also assessed. We found that UPEC infection induced pyroptosis of bladder urothelial cells and led to the release of IL-1β and IL-18 in the form of exosomes, which promoted the migration of mast cells. Tryptase secreted by mast cells aggravated the damage to the barrier function of the bladder urothelium by acting on protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Inhibition of pyroptosis or the tryptase-PAR2 axis reduced the disruption of bladder urothelial barrier function and decreased the bacterial burden. The present study supports a novel mechanism by which pyroptosis-dependent release of exosomes from bladder urothelial cells activates mast cells and regulates bladder urothelial barrier function during UPEC infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etiology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is still unknown. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to play an important role in the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated the expression and function of GM-CSF in patients with CP/CPPS and in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP). GM-CSF mRNA levels were detected in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP/CPPS and in prostate tissue from a mouse model of EAP. The expression of GM-CSF receptor in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia were determined using PCR and immunohistochemistry. Behavioral testing and inflammation scoring were performed to evaluate the role of GM-CSF in disease development and symptom severity of EAP using GM-CSF knockout mice. mRNA levels of putative nociceptive and inflammatory markers were measured in the prostate after the induction of EAP. Elevated GM-CSF mRNA levels were observed in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP/CPPS compared with healthy volunteers. GM-CSF mRNA was also significantly increased in prostate tissue of the EAP mice model. The expression of GM-CSF receptors was confirmed in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia. GM-CSF knockout mice showed fewer Infiltrating leukocytes and pain symptoms after the induction of EAP. Deletion of GM-CSF significantly diminished EAP-induced increases of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, and nerve growth factor mRNA expression. The results indicated that GM-CSF plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of EAP. GM-CSF may function as a signaling mediator for both inflammation and pain transduction in CP/CPPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bladder pain is a prominent symptom of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) generated by cystathionine γ-synthase (CBS) or cystathionine β-lyase (CSE) facilitates bladder hypersensitivity. We assessed involvement of the H2S pathway in protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4)-induced bladder pain. A bladder pain model was induced by intravesical instillation of PAR4-activating peptide in mice. The role of H2S in this model was evaluated by intraperitoneal preadministration of D,L-propargylglycine (PAG), aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), or S-adenosylmethionine or the preintravesical administration of NaHS. SV-HUC-1 cells were treated in similar manners. Assessments of CBS, CSE, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) expression, bladder voiding function, bladder inflammation, H2S production, and referred bladder pain were performed. The CSE and CBS pathways existed in both mouse bladders and SV-HUC-1 cells. H2S signaling was upregulated in PAR4-induced bladder pain models, and H2S-generating enzyme activity was upregulated in human bladders, mouse bladders, and SV-HUC-1 cells. Pretreatment with AOAA or NaHS inhibited or promoted PAR4-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, respectively; however, PAG only partially inhibited PAR4-induced bladder pain. Treatment with PAG or AOAA decreased H2S production in both mouse bladders and SV-HUC-1 cells. Pretreatment with AOAA increased MIF protein levels in bladder tissues and cells, whereas pretreatment with NaHS lowered MIF protein levels. Bladder pain triggered by the H2S pathway was not accompanied by inflammation or altered micturition behavior. Thus endogenous H2S generated by CBS or CSE caused referred hyperalgesia mediated through MIF in mice with PAR4-induced bladder pain, without causing bladder injury or altering micturition behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multilayered Tubular Structures (MTS) such as pipeline are widely employed in such industrial fields as nuclear energy, petroleum, etc. It is vital to non-destructively evaluate MTS periodically before catastrophic accidents take place. As one of the advanced Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation (ENDE) techniques, Pulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT) has been found advantageous over the other ENDE methods regarding evaluation of integrity of MTS. In this paper, a fast forward model of PECT inspection of MTS is proposed based on the analytical modeling, namely the Extended Truncated Region Eigenfunction Expansion (ETREE). The closed-form expressions of PECT signals of 3D magnetic field and coil Electromotive Force (EMF) have been formulated. The proposed model has been verified by Finite ElementModeling (FEM) and experiments. The advantages of the model in terms of high computational speed and accuracy have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The evidence regarding perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy and personalized surveillance strategies for upper tract urothelial carcinoma is limited., Objective: To evaluate whether adjuvant gemcitabine containing chemotherapy affects the oncological outcomes of advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC)., Methods: The CROES-UTUC registry is an observational, international, multi-center study on patients diagnosed with UTUC. Patient and disease characteristics from 2380 patients with UTUC were collected, and finally 738 patients were included in this analysis. The primary outcome of this study was recurrence-free survival. Propensity score matching was performed. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed by stratifying patients according to the treatment of adjuvant chemotherapy., Results: A total of 738 patients were included in this analysis, and 59 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (AC), including 50 patients who received gemcitabine. A propensity score matching was performed, including 50 patients who received gemcitabine containing treatment and 50 patients without adjuvant chemotherapy. Disease recurrence occurred in 34.0% of patients. The recurrence rate in the AC group was 22.0%, which was significantly lower than the non-AC group (46.0%). Kaplan-Meier analyses also showed that AC was associated with a lower likelihood of tumor recurrence ( p  = 0.047). However, AC was not significantly associated with a higher overall survival (OS) ( p  = 0.908) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) ( p  = 0.979). Upon multivariate Cox regression analysis, AC was associated with a lower risk of tumor recurrence (HR = 0.297, p  = 0.028)., Conclusion: The present study confirms that adjuvant gemcitabine containing chemotherapy could decrease the risk of tumor recurrence in patients with locally advanced UTUC following nephroureterectomy. However, more studies are need to draw a clearer image of the value of this treatment method., Competing Interests: Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh is an Editorial Board member of this journal, but was not involved in the peer-review process nor had access to any information regarding its peer-review. Zhao Hongda, Liu Kang, Chi-Fai Ng, Jean de la Rosette, Pilar Laguna, Paolo Gontero, Joyce Baard and Ozcan Yildiz have no conflicts of interest to report., (© 2023 – The authors. Published by IOS Press.)