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2. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
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Kyu, Hh, Abate, D, Abate, Kh, Abay, Sm, Abbafati, C, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, Rs, Abebe, M, Abebe, Z, Abil, Oz, Aboyans, V, Abrham, Ar, Abu-Raddad, Lj, Abu-Rmeileh, Nme, Accrombessi, Mmk, Acharya, D, Acharya, P, Ackerman, In, Adamu, Aa, Adebayo, Om, Adekanmbi, V, Ademi, Z, Adetokunboh, Oo, Adib, Mg, Adsuar, Jc, Afanvi, Ka, Afarideh, M, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agesa, Km, Aggarwal, R, Aghayan, Sa, Agrawal, A, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, M, Ahmadieh, H, Ahmed, Mb, Ahmed, S, Aichour, An, Aichour, I, Aichour, Mte, Akinyemiju, T, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Al-Eyadhy, A, Al-Mekhlafi, Hm, Al-Raddadi, Rm, Alahdab, F, Alam, K, Alam, T, Alashi, A, Alavian, Sm, Alene, Ka, Alijanzadeh, M, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Aljunid, Sm, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Alonso, J, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Aminde, Ln, Amini, E, Amiresmaili, M, Ammar, W, Amoako, Ya, Anber, Nh, Andrei, Cl, Androudi, S, Animut, Md, Anjomshoa, M, Ansha, Mg, Antonio, Cat, Anwari, P, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arora, A, Arora, M, Artaman, A, Aryal, Kk, Asayesh, H, Ataro, Z, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, Efga, Awasthi, A, Ayala, Quintanilla, Ayer, R, Azzopardi, Ps, Babazadeh, A, Badali, H, Balakrishnan, K, Bali, Ag, Banach, M, Banoub, Jam, Barac, A, Barboza, Ma, Barker-Collo, Sl, Bärnighausen, Tw, Barquera, S, Barrero, Lh, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, Bb, Bekru, Et, Belachew, Ab, Belay, Ya, Bell, Ml, Bello, Ak, Bennett, Da, Bensenor, Im, Berhane, A, Bernabe, E, Bernstein, Rs, Beuran, M, Beyranvand, T, Bhala, N, Bhatt, S, Bhaumik, S, Bhutta, Za, Biadgo, B, Biehl, Mh, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Bilano, V, Bililign, N, Bin, Sayeed, Bisanzio, D, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Bobasa, Em, Bou-Orm, Ir, Boufous, S, Bourne, R, Brady, Oj, Brant, Lc, Brayne, C, Brazinova, A, Breitborde, Njk, Brenner, H, Briant, Ps, Briko, An, Britton, G, Brugha, T, Buchbinder, R, Busse, R, Butt, Za, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Campuzano, Rincon, Cano, J, Cárdenas, R, Carrero, Jj, Carter, A, Carvalho, F, Castañeda-Orjuela, Ca, Castillo, Rivas, J, Castro, F, Catalá-López, F, Cercy, Km, Cerin, E, Chaiah, Y, Chang, Jc, Charlson, Fj, Chattu, Vk, Chiang, Pp, Chitheer, A, Choi, Jj, Christensen, H, Christopher, Dj, Chung, Sc, Cicuttini, Fm, Cirillo, Massimo, Collado-Mateo, D, Cooper, C, Cortesi, Pa, Cortinovis, M, Cousin, E, Criqui, Mh, Cromwell, Ea, Cross, M, Crump, Ja, Daba, Ak, Dachew, Ba, Dadi, Af, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargan, Pi, Daryani, A, Das, Gupta, Das, R, Neves, J, Dasa, Tt, Davitoiu, Dv, De, La, Hoz, Fp, Leo, De, D, De, Neve, Jw, Steur, De, H, Degefa, Mg, Degenhardt, L, Deiparine, S, Demoz, Gt, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Deribe, K, Dervenis, N, Des, Jarlais, Dey, S, Dharmaratne, Sd, Dhimal, M, Dinberu, Mt, Dirac, Ma, Djalalinia, S, Doan, L, Dokova, K, Doku, Dt, Dorsey, Er, Doyle, Ke, Driscoll, Tr, Dubey, M, Dubljanin, E, Duken, Ee, Duncan, Bb, Duraes, Ar, Ebrahimi, H, Ebrahimpour, S, Echko, Mm, Edessa, D, Edvardsson, D, Effiong, A, Eggen, Ae, Ehrlich, Jr, Bcheraoui, El, C, El-Khatib, Z, Elyazar, Irf, Enayati, A, Endalifer, Ml, Endries, Ay, Er, B, Erskine, He, Eskandarieh, S, Esteghamati, A, Esteghamati, S, Fakhim, H, Faramarzi, M, Fareed, M, Farhadi, F, Farid, Ta, Farinha, Cses, Farioli, A, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fazaeli, Aa, Feigin, Vl, Fentahun, N, Fereshtehnejad, Sm, Fernandes, E, Fernandes, Jc, Ferrari, Aj, Ferreira, Ml, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fitzmaurice, C, Foigt, Na, Foreman, Kj, Frank, Td, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Fürst, T, Furtado, Jm, Gakidou, E, Gall, S, Gallus, S, Ganji, M, Garcia-Basteiro, Al, Gardner, Wm, Gebre, Ak, Gebremedhin, At, Gebremichael, Tg, Gelano, Tf, Geleijnse, Jm, Genova-Maleras, R, Geramo, Ycd, Gething, Pw, Gezae, Ke, Ghadami, Mr, Ghadiri, K, Ghasemi-Kasman, M, Ghimire, M, Ghoshal, Ag, Gill, Ps, Gill, Tk, Ginawi, Ia, Giussani, G, Gnedovskaya, Ev, Goldberg, Em, Goli, S, Gómez-Dantés, H, Gona, Pn, Gopalani, Sv, Gorman, Tm, Goulart, Ac, Goulart, Bng, Grada, A, Grosso, G, Gugnani, Hc, Guillemin, F, Guo, Y, Gupta, Pc, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Gutiérrez, Ra, Gyawali, B, Haagsma, Ja, Hachinski, V, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haghparast, Bidgoli, Hagos, Tb, Hailegiyorgis, Tt, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamadeh, Rr, Hamidi, S, Handal, Aj, Hankey, Gj, Hao, Y, Harb, Hl, Harikrishnan, S, Haririan, H, Haro, Jm, Hassankhani, H, Hassen, Hy, Havmoeller, R, Hay, Rj, Hay, Si, Hedayatizadeh-Omran, A, Heibati, B, Hendrie, D, Henok, A, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Heydarpour, P, Hibstu, Dt, Hoek, Hw, Hoffman, Hj, Hole, Mk, Homaie, Rad, E, Hoogar, P, Hosgood, Hd, Hosseini, Sm, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hotez, Pj, Hoy, Dg, Hsairi, M, Htet, As, Huang, Jj, Iburg, Km, Ikeda, Ct, Ilesanmi, Os, Irvani, Ssn, Irvine, Cms, Islam, Sms, Islami, F, Jacobsen, Kh, Jahangiry, L, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, Sk, Jakovljevic, M, James, Sl, Jayatilleke, Au, Jeemon, P, Jha, Rp, Jha, V, Js, Ji, Johnson, Co, Jonas, Jb, Jonnagaddala, J, Jorjoran, Shushtari, Z, Joshi, A, Jozwiak, Jj, Jungari, Sb, Jürisson, M, Kabir, Z, Kadel, R, Kahsay, A, Kalani, R, Kanchan, T, Kar, C, Karami, M, Karami, Matin, B, Karch, A, Karema, C, Karimi, N, Karimi, Sm, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, Dh, Kassa, Gm, Kassa, Td, Kassebaum, Nj, Katikireddi, Sv, Kaul, A, Kawakami, N, Kazemi, Z, Karyani, Ak, Keighobadi, Mm, Keiyoro, Pn, Kemmer, L, Kemp, Gr, Kengne, Ap, Keren, A, Khader, Ys, Khafaei, B, Khafaie, Ma, Khajavi, A, Khalid, N, Khalil, Ia, Khan, Ea, Khan, Ms, Khan, Ma, Khang, Yh, Khater, Mm, Khazaei, M, Khoja, At, Khosravi, A, Khosravi, Mh, Kiadaliri, Aa, Kidanemariam, Zt, Kiirithio, Dn, Kim, Ci, Kim, D, Kim, Ye, Kim, Yj, Kimokoti, Rw, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Knudsen, Aks, Kocarnik, Jm, Kochhar, S, Kokubo, Y, Kolola, T, Kopec, Ja, Kosen, S, Kotsakis, Ga, Koul, Pa, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnaswami, S, Krohn, Kj, Kuate, Defo, Kucuk, B, Bicer, B, Kumar, Ga, Kumar, M, Kuzin, I, Lad, Dp, Lad, Sd, Lafranconi, A, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lami, Fh, Lang, Jj, Langan, Sm, Lansingh, Vc, Latifi, A, Lau, Km, Lazarus, Jv, Leasher, Jl, Ledesma, Jr, Lee, Ph, Leigh, J, Leili, M, Leshargie, Ct, Leung, J, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, S, Li, Y, Liang, X, Liao, Y, Liben, Ml, Lim, Ll, Lim, Ss, Limenih, Ma, Linn, S, Liu, S, Looker, Kj, Lopez, Ad, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, Pa, Lozano, R, Lucas, Tcd, Lunevicius, R, Lyons, Ra, Ma, S, Macarayan, Erk, Mackay, Mt, Maddison, Er, Madotto, F, Maghavani, Dp, Mai, Ht, Majdan, M, Majdzadeh, R, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, Dc, Mamun, Aa, Manda, Al, Manguerra, H, Mansournia, Ma, Mantilla, Herrera, Mantovani, Lg, Maravilla, Jc, Marcenes, W, Marks, A, Martins-Melo, Fr, Martopullo, I, März, W, Marzan, Mb, Massano, J, Massenburg, Bb, Mathur, Mr, Maulik, Pk, Mazidi, M, Mcalinden, C, Mcgrath, Jj, Mckee, M, Mcmahon, Bj, Mehata, S, Mehrotra, R, Mehta, Km, Mehta, V, Mejia-Rodriguez, F, Mekonen, T, Melese, A, Melku, M, Memiah, Ptn, Memish, Za, Mendoza, W, Mengistu, G, Mensah, Ga, Mereta, St, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, Tj, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Millear, Ai, Miller, Tr, Mini, Gk, Mirarefin, M, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, Em, Misganaw, At, Mitchell, Pb, Mitiku, H, Moazen, B, Mohajer, B, Mohammad, Ka, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, M, Mohammed, Ma, Mohammed, S, Mohebi, F, Mokdad, Ah, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Montañez, Jc, Moosazadeh, M, Moradi, G, Moradi, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradinazar, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Moreno, Velásquez, I, Morgado-Da-Costa, J, Morrison, Sd, Moschos, Mm, Mousavi, Sm, Mruts, Kb, Muche, Aa, Muchie, Kf, Mueller, Uo, Muhammed, Os, Mukhopadhyay, S, Muller, K, Mumford, Je, Murthy, Gvs, Musa, Ki, Mustafa, G, Nabhan, Af, Nagata, C, Nagel, G, Naghavi, M, Naheed, A, Nahvijou, A, Naik, G, Najafi, F, Nam, Hs, Nangia, V, Nansseu, Jr, Neamati, N, Negoi, I, Negoi, Ri, Neupane, S, Newton, Crj, Ngunjiri, Jw, Nguyen, Aq, Nguyen, G, Nguyen, Ht, Nguyen, Hlt, Nguyen, Lh, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, Nb, Nguyen, Sh, Nichols, E, Ningrum, Dna, Nixon, Mr, Nomura, S, Noroozi, M, Norrving, B, Noubiap, Jj, Nouri, Hr, Shiadeh, Mn, Nowroozi, Mr, Nsoesie, Eo, Nyasulu, Ps, Odell, Cm, Ofori-Asenso, R, Ogbo, Fa, Ih, Oh, Oladimeji, O, Olagunju, At, Olagunju, To, Olivares, Pr, Olsen, He, Olusanya, Bo, Olusanya, Jo, Ong, Kl, Ong, Sk, Oren, E, Ortiz, A, Ota, E, Otstavnov, Ss, Øverland, S, Owolabi, Mo, P, A, M, Pacella, R, Pakhare, Ap, Pakpour, Ah, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Park, Ek, Park, J, Parry, Cdh, Parsian, H, Pasdar, Y, Patel, S, Patil, St, Patle, A, Patton, Gc, Paturi, Vr, Paudel, D, Paulson, Kr, Pearce, N, Pereira, A, Pereira, Dm, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Petzold, M, Pham, Hq, Phillips, Mr, Pigott, Dm, Pillay, Jd, Piradov, Ma, Pirsaheb, M, Pishgar, F, Plana-Ripoll, O, Polinder, S, Popova, S, Postma, Mj, Pourshams, A, Poustchi, H, Prabhakaran, D, Prakash, S, Prakash, V, Prasad, N, Purcell, Ca, Qorbani, M, Quistberg, Da, Radfar, A, Rafay, A, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi, K, Rahimi, Z, Rahimi-Movaghar, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahman, Mhu, Rahman, Ma, Rahman, Su, Rai, Rk, Rajati, F, Ranjan, P, Rao, Pc, Rasella, D, Rawaf, Dl, Rawaf, S, Reddy, Ks, Reiner, Rc, Reitsma, Mb, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, Amn, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, S, Rezai, Ms, Ribeiro, Alp, Roberts, Nls, Robinson, Sr, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rostami, A, Roth, Ga, Rothenbacher, D, Rubagotti, E, Sachdev, Ps, Sadat, N, Sadeghi, E, Saeedi, Moghaddam, S, Safari, H, Safari, Y, Safari-Faramani, R, Safdarian, M, Safi, S, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, Ma, Sajadi, Hs, Salam, N, Salama, Js, Salamati, P, Saleem, Z, Salimi, Y, Salimzadeh, H, Salomon, Ja, Salvi, Ss, Salz, I, Samy, Am, Sanabria, J, Sanchez-Niño, Md, Santomauro, Df, Santos, Is, Santos, Jv, Santric, Milicevic, Sao, Mm, Jose, Bp, Sardana, M, Sarker, Ar, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sartorius, B, Sarvi, S, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Sawant, Ar, Sawhney, M, Saxena, S, Schaeffner, E, Schmidt, Mi, Schneider, Ijc, Schutte, Ae, Schwebel, Dc, Schwendicke, F, Scott, Jg, Sekerija, M, Sepanlou, Sg, Serván-Mori, E, Seyedmousavi, S, Shabaninejad, H, Shafieesabet, A, Shahbazi, M, Shaheen, Aa, Shaikh, Ma, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shamsi, M, Sharafi, H, Sharafi, K, Sharif, M, Sharif-Alhoseini, M, Sharma, J, Sharma, R, She, J, Sheikh, A, Shi, P, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, Ms, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shiue, I, Shokoohinia, Y, Shokraneh, F, Shoman, H, Shrime, Mg, Si, S, Siabani, S, Sibai, Am, Siddiqi, Tj, Sigfusdottir, Id, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, Das, Silva, Jp, Silveira, Dga, Singam, Nsv, Singh, Ja, Singh, Np, Singh, V, Sinha, Dn, Skiadaresi, E, Skirbekk, V, Sliwa, K, Smith, Dl, Smith, M, Soares, Filho, Sobaih, Bh, Sobhani, S, Soofi, M, Sorensen, Rjd, Soyiri, In, Sposato, La, Sreeramareddy, Ct, Srinivasan, V, Stanaway, Jd, Starodubov, Vi, Stein, Dj, Steiner, C, Steiner, Tj, Stokes, Ma, Stovner, Lj, Subart, Ml, Sudaryanto, A, Sufiyan, Mb, Sulo, G, Sunguya, Bf, Sur, Pj, Sykes, Bl, Sylaja, Pn, Sylte, Do, Szoeke, Cei, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, Sk, Tandon, N, Tassew, Sg, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Taylor, Hr, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekalign, Tg, Tekelemedhin, Sw, Tekle, Mg, Temsah, Mh, Temsah, O, Terkawi, As, Tessema, B, Teweldemedhin, M, Thankappan, Kr, Theis, A, Thirunavukkarasu, S, Thomas, N, Tilahun, B, Qg, To, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Torre, Ae, Tortajada-Girbés, M, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, Mr, Towbin, Ja, Tran, Bx, Tran, Kb, Troeger, Ce, Tsadik, Ag, Tsoi, D, Tudor, Car, L, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, Kn, Ullah, I, Undurraga, Ea, Updike, Rl, Usman, Ms, Uthman, Oa, Vaduganathan, M, Vaezi, A, Valdez, Pr, Varavikova, E, Varughese, S, Vasankari, Tj, Venketasubramanian, N, Villafaina, S, Violante, Fs, Vladimirov, Sk, Vlassov, V, Vollset, Se, Vos, T, Vosoughi, K, Vujcic, Is, Wagnew, Fs, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y, Wang, Yp, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, Rg, Weiss, Dj, Weldegebreal, F, Weldegwergs, Kg, Werdecker, A, West, Te, Westerman, R, Whiteford, Ha, Widecka, J, Wijeratne, T, Williams, Hc, Wilner, Lb, Wilson, S, Winkler, As, Wiyeh, Ab, Wiysonge, Cs, Wolfe, Cda, Woolf, Ad, Wyper, Gma, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yadgir, S, Yahyazadeh, Jabbari, Yamada, T, Yan, Ll, Yano, Y, Yaseri, M, Yasin, Yj, Yeshaneh, A, Yimer, Em, Yip, P, Yisma, E, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, Sj, Yotebieng, M, Younis, Mz, Yousefifard, M, Yu, C, Zadnik, V, Zaidi, Z, Zaman, Sb, Zamani, M, Zandian, H, Zar, Hj, Zenebe, Zm, Zhou, M, Zipkin, B, Zodpey, S, Zucker, I, Zuhlke, Lj, Murray, Cjl., GBD 2017 DALYs & HALE Coll, Kyu, Hh, Abate, D, Abate, Kh, Abay, Sm, Abbafati, C, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, R, Abebe, M, Abebe, Z, Abil, Oz, Aboyans, V, Abrham, Ar, Abu-Raddad, Lj, Abu-Rmeileh, Nme, Accrombessi, Mmk, Acharya, D, Acharya, P, Ackerman, In, Adamu, Aa, Adebayo, Om, Adekanmbi, V, Ademi, Z, Adetokunboh, Oo, Adib, Mg, Adsuar, Jc, Afanvi, Ka, Afarideh, M, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agesa, Km, Aggarwal, R, Aghayan, Sa, Agrawal, A, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, M, Ahmadieh, H, Ahmed, Mb, Ahmed, S, Aichour, An, Aichour, I, Aichour, Mte, Akinyemiju, T, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Al-Eyadhy, A, Al-Mekhlafi, Hm, Al-Raddadi, Rm, Alahdab, F, Alam, K, Alam, T, Alashi, A, Alavian, Sm, Alene, Ka, Alijanzadeh, M, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Aljunid, Sm, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Alonso, J, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Aminde, Ln, Amini, E, Amiresmaili, M, Ammar, W, Amoako, Ya, Anber, Nh, Andrei, Cl, Androudi, S, Animut, Md, Anjomshoa, M, Ansha, Mg, Antonio, Cat, Anwari, P, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arora, A, Arora, M, Artaman, A, Aryal, Kk, Asayesh, H, Ataro, Z, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, Efga, Awasthi, A, Ayala Quintanilla, Bp, Ayer, R, Azzopardi, P, Babazadeh, A, Badali, H, Balakrishnan, K, Bali, Ag, Banach, M, Banoub, Jam, Barac, A, Barboza, Ma, Barker-Collo, Sl, Bärnighausen, Tw, Barquera, S, Barrero, Lh, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, Bb, Bekru, Et, Belachew, Ab, Belay, Ya, Bell, Ml, Bello, Ak, Bennett, Da, Bensenor, Im, Berhane, A, Bernabe, E, Bernstein, R, Beuran, M, Beyranvand, T, Bhala, N, Bhatt, S, Bhaumik, 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Alve, Singam, Narayana Sarma Venkata, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, David L, Smith, Mari, Soares Filho, Adauto Martin, Sobaih, Badr Hasan, Sobhani, Soheila, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Starodubov, Vladimir I, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steiner, Timothy J, Stokes, Mark A, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Subart, Michelle L, Sudaryanto, Agu, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sulo, Gerhard, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick John, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylaja, P.N., Sylte, Dillon O, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Tandon, Nikhil, Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Taylor, Hugh R, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw, Tekelemedhin, Shishay Wahdey, Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Omar, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tessema, Belay, Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Theis, Andrew, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Nihal, Tilahun, Binyam, To, Quyen G, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna E, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Towbin, Jeffrey A, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Troeger, Christopher E, Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel, Tsoi, Derrick, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Tyrovolas, Stefano, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Updike, Rachel L, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Uthman, Olalekan A, Vaduganathan, Muthiah, Vaezi, Afsane, Valdez, Pascual R, Varavikova, Elena, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Villafaina, Santo, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Vosoughi, Kia, Vujcic, Isidora S, Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T Eoin, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Widecka, Justyna, Wijeratne, Tissa, Williams, Hywel C, Wilner, Lauren B, Wilson, Shadrach, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiyeh, Alison B, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woolf, Anthony D, Wyper, Grant M A, Xavier, Deni, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamada, Tomohide, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yasin, Yasin Jemal, Yeshaneh, Alex, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yip, Paul, Yisma, Engida, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yu, Chuanhua, Zadnik, Vesna, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zar, Heather J, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhou, Maigeng, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zucker, Inbar, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
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Male ,Health Status ,health statu ,HALE ,mortality rate ,communicable disease ,DALYs ,Global Burden of Disease ,Risk Factors ,Prevalence ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Singapore ,OUTCOMES ,disability-adjusted life year ,international cooperation ,Medicine (all) ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,Central African Republic ,newborn disease ,IRON-DEFICIENCY ,AIDS ,priority journal ,Bahrain ,disease severity ,Female ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,cerebrovascular accident ,Ukraine ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,INTERVENTIONS ,Slovakia ,DISORDERS ,Burundi ,WEIGHTS ,GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators ,Communicable Diseases ,Article ,STYLE ,Medicine, General & Internal ,Life Expectancy ,General & Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Disabled Persons ,human ,Healthy Lifestyle ,HALE, DALYs, global burden of disease ,Mortality ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,Mortality, Premature ,HIV ,ischemic heart disease ,major clinical study ,PREVENTION ,non communicable disease ,GBD, disability-adjusted life-years ,age ,sex factor ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Algeria ,Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ,lower respiratory tract infection ,Wounds and Injuries ,GENDER ,Human medicine ,trend study ,chronic obstructive lung disease - Abstract
Background How long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), a composite measure of disease burden capturing both premature mortality and prevalence and severity of ill health, for 359 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years. Methods We used data for age-specific mortality rates, years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature mortality, and years lived with disability (YLDs) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 to calculate HALE and DALYs from 1990 to 2017. We calculated HALE using age-specific mortality rates and YLDs per capita for each location, age, sex, and year. We calculated DALYs for 359 causes as the sum of YLLs and YLDs. We assessed how observed HALE and DALYs differed by country and sex from expected trends based on Sociodemographic Index (SDI). We also analysed HALE by decomposing years of life gained into years spent in good health and in poor health, between 1990 and 2017, and extra years lived by females compared with males. Findings Globally, from 1990 to 2017, life expectancy at birth increased by 7.4 years (95% uncertainty interval 74-7.8), from 65.6 years (65.3-65- 8) in 1990 to 73.0 years (72.7-73.3) in 2017. The increase in years of life varied from 5.1 years (5.0-5.3) in high SDI countries to 12.0 years (11.3-12.8) in low SDI countries. Of the additional years of life expected at birth, 26.3% (20.1-33.1) were expected to be spent in poor health in high SDI countries compared with 11.7% (8.8-15.1) in low-middle SDI countries. HALE at birth increased by 6.3 years (5.9-6.7), from 57.0 years (54.6-59.1) in 1990 to 63.3 years (60.5-65.7) in 2017. The increase varied from 3.8 years (3.4-4.1) in high SDI countries to 10.5 years (9.8-11.2) in low SDI countries. Even larger variations in HALE than these were observed between countries, ranging from 1.0 year (0.4-1.7) in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (62.4 years [59.9-64.7] in 1990 to 63.5 years [60.9-65.8] in 2017) to 23.7 years (21.9-25.6) in Eritrea (30.7 years [28.9-32.2] in 1990 to 54.4 years [51.5-57.1] in 2017). In most countries, the increase in HALE was smaller than the increase in overall life expectancy, indicating more years lived in poor health. In 180 of 195 countries and territories, females were expected to live longer than males in 2017, with extra years lived varying from 1.4 years (0.6-2.3) in Algeria to 11.9 years (10.9-12.9) in Ukraine. Of the extra years gained, the proportion spent in poor health varied largely across countries, with less than 20% of additional years spent in poor health in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, and Slovakia, whereas in Bahrain all the extra years were spent in poor health. In 2017, the highest estimate of HALE at birth was in Singapore for both females (75.8 years [72.4-78.7]) and males (72.6 years [69 " 8-75.0]) and the lowest estimates were in Central African Republic (47.0 years [43.7-50.2] for females and 42.8 years [40.1-45.6] for males). Globally, in 2017, the five leading causes of DALYs were neonatal disorders, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, lower respiratory infections, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 41.3% (38.8-43.5) for communicable diseases and by 49"8% (47.9-51.6) for neonatal disorders. For non-communicable diseases, global DALYs increased by 40.1% (36.8-43.0), although age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 18.1% (16.0-20.2). Interpretation With increasing life expectancy in most countries, the question of whether the additional years of life gained are spent in good health or poor health has been increasingly relevant because of the potential policy implications, such as health-care provisions and extending retirement ages. In some locations, a large proportion of those additional years are spent in poor health. Large inequalities in HALE and disease burden exist across countries in different SDI quintiles and between sexes. The burden of disabling conditions has serious implications for health system planning and health-related expenditures. Despite the progress made in reducing the burden of communicable diseases and neonatal disorders in low S DI countries, the speed of this progress could be increased by scaling up proven interventions. The global trends among non-communicable diseases indicate that more effort is needed to maximise HALE, such as risk prevention and attention to upstream determinants of health. Copyright (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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- 2018
3. Identifying Key Markers for Monofloral (Eucalyptus, Rosemary, and Orange Blossom) and Multifloral Honey Differentiation in the Spanish Market by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Fingerprinting and Chemometrics.
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Rivera-Pérez A, Navarro-Herrera AM, and Garrido Frenich A
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Honey differentiation based on the botanical origin is crucial to guarantee product authenticity, especially considering the increasing number of fraud cases. This study assessed the metabolomic differences arising from various botanical origins in honey products sold in Spanish markets, focusing on two goals: (1) discrimination within monofloral samples (eucalyptus, rosemary, and orange blossom honey) and (2) differentiation between multifloral vs. monofloral honey samples. An omics strategy based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) was applied for the reliable identification of specific honey markers selected by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) (R
2 Y = 0.929-0.981 and Q2 = 0.868-0.952), followed by the variable importance in projection (VIP) approach. Key amino acid, alkaloid, and trisaccharide markers were identified to distinguish between honey samples. Some Amadori compounds were highlighted as eucalyptus honey markers, suggesting their potential use for honey aging and botanical origin differentiation. L-phenylalanine and raffinose were markers of rosemary honey. Four markers (e.g., trigonelline, L-isoleucine, and N -(1-deoxy-1-fructosyl)isoleucine) were found in higher levels in multifloral samples, indicating a greater availability of amino acids, potentially increasing the Maillard reaction. This research is the first to address the botanical origin's impact on honey by identifying novel markers not previously described.- Published
- 2024
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4. Outcomes and Complications of Pediatric Eustachian Tube Dilation Surgery.
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Mukerji S, Rosas Herrera AM, Rochat R, Hosek K, and Liu YC
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Objective: To determine whether balloon dilation of Eustachian tube (BDET) improves postoperative audiology and quality of life scores in children with chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction., Study Design: Retrospective study., Setting: Tertiary care pediatric center., Methods: Eligible participants were patients 8 years or older, with a history of 2 prior tubes placement. Group 1-patients completed pre-and post-Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Quality of Life Survey (ETDQ-7) survey scores, Group 2-patients had available pre- and postdilation tympanogram data (TD), and Group 3-patients had both ETDQ-7 survey and TD. The average time for the first and subsequent follow-ups was 3.8 and 12.9 months, respectively., Results: A total of 43 patients (85 ears) underwent BDET. The mean age was 13.3 years (8-18 years). Twenty-four patients were male (55.8%) and over 80% were Caucasian. The average mean ETDQ-7 score before and after dilation was 3.9 and 2.5, respectively. Ninety-three percent experienced improvement of their postoperative ETDQ-7 scores and 53% had normal postdilation ETDQ-7 score (P < .0001). Thirty-seven ears in Group 2 (60.7%) had improvement in postdilation TD. A greater proportion of ears showed improvement of 62.3% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [50.1%-74.5%] compared to 37.7% without improvement, 95% CI [25.5%-49.87%]. Ears with type A or B TD were more likely to show improvement than ears with type C, perforated, or with tubes (P < .0001). Eighteen out of 30 ears in Group 3 (60%) experienced an improvement in both ETDQ-7 and tympanogram., Conclusion: BDET is a safe, efficacious alternative to tubes in selected pediatric patients., (© 2024 American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation.)
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- 2024
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5. Rate and management of tympanic membrane perforations in children with Down syndrome and middle ear disorder.
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Stoler NA, Crovetti BR, Rosas Herrera AM, Musso MF, and Liu YC
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Male, Child, Female, Child, Preschool, Treatment Outcome, Middle Ear Ventilation methods, Adolescent, Risk Factors, Infant, Prevalence, Tympanic Membrane Perforation surgery, Tympanic Membrane Perforation complications, Down Syndrome complications, Tympanoplasty methods
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Objective: To characterize the management and outcomes of observation versus surgical intervention of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations in children with Down syndrome (DS). In addition, to estimate the prevalence of TM perforations in children with DS., Methods: Retrospective case review analysis of TM perforation rate in children with DS with history of tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion at a tertiary pediatric referral center. Patients were divided into observation or surgical intervention groups and then further evaluated for the type of intervention, the number of required procedures, and success rate of hearing improvement. Risk factors contributing to perforations were analyzed, including TT type, number of TT surgeries, and perforation size., Results: The TM perforation rate in children with DS with TT history was 7.0 %. Tympanoplasty was performed in 41.5 % of perforated ears with a success rate of 53.1 %. There was no statistical difference between the surgical intervention and observation groups regarding perforation characteristics or TT number and type, but the surgical intervention cohort was older. Hearing improvement based on postoperative pure tone average (PTA) threshold was noted in the successful surgical intervention group., Conclusion: The rate of TM perforations in children with DS after TTs is comparable to the general population. Improved PTA thresholds were noted in the surgical success group influencing speech development. The overall lower success rate of tympanoplasty in patients with DS emphasizes the need to factor in the timing of surgical intervention based on the predicted age of Eustachian tube maturation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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6. Comparing Mediators and Moderators of Mental Health Outcomes from the Implementation of Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants and Colombian Returnees in Northern Colombia.
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Miller-Suchet L, Camargo N, Sangraula M, Castellar D, Diaz J, Meriño V, Chamorro Coneo AM, Chávez D, Venegas M, Cristobal M, Bonz AG, Ramirez C, Trejos Herrera AM, Ventevogel P, Brown AD, Schojan M, and Greene MC
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- Humans, Colombia, Female, Venezuela, Adult, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Refugees psychology, Transients and Migrants psychology, Transients and Migrants statistics & numerical data, Mental Health
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Colombia hosts the largest number of refugees and migrants fleeing the humanitarian emergency in Venezuela, many of whom experience high levels of displacement-related trauma and adversity. Yet, Colombian mental health services do not meet the needs of this population. Scalable, task-sharing interventions, such as Group Problem Management Plus (Group PM+), have the potential to bridge this gap by utilizing lay workers to provide the intervention. However, the current literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of how and for whom Group PM+ is most effective. This mixed methods study utilized data from a randomized effectiveness-implementation trial to examine the mediators and moderators of Group PM+ on mental health outcomes. One hundred twenty-eight migrant and refugee women in northern Colombia participated in Group PM+ delivered by trained community members. Patterns in moderation effects showed that participants in more stable, less marginalized positions improved the most. Results from linear regression models showed that Group PM+-related skill acquisition was not a significant mediator of the association between session attendance and mental health outcomes. Participants and facilitators reported additional possible mediators and community-level moderators that warrant future research. Further studies are needed to examine mediators and moderators contributing to the effectiveness of task-shared, scalable, psychological interventions in diverse contexts., Competing Interests: P.V. is a staff member of the United Nations. The views expressed in this editorial are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. All other authors maintain that there are no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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- 2024
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7. Nausea and Vomiting as Initial Manifestations of Pediatric NMOSD.
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Cabal Herrera AM, Mandle Q, Varma H, and Magaña S
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- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Nausea etiology, Syndrome, Vomiting etiology, Antiemetics pharmacology, Neuromyelitis Optica complications, Neuromyelitis Optica diagnosis
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Intractable nausea and vomiting are commonly attributed to gastrointestinal (GI) conditions but can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying central nervous system disease. One potentially overlooked neurologic cause of intractable nausea and vomiting that is refractory to antiemetics is area postrema syndrome (APS). APS is a condition characterized by lesions of the dorsal caudal medulla and is considered a core clinical feature of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). APS is present in up to 30% of patients ultimately diagnosed with NMOSD and can be the first presenting symptom of NMOSD in 12% of patients, as our case illustrates. Importantly, APS is highly responsive to immunotherapy. We present the case of a 14-year-old female with a history of migraines who presented to the emergency department multiple times for persistent nausea, vomiting, and hiccups. Multiple GI diagnoses were considered until she developed additional neurologic symptoms that prompted further workup and revealed the final diagnosis of NMOSD-APS. We posit that NMOSD-APS should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients with intractable nausea and vomiting, especially in patients with a negative GI workup result and poor response to antiemetics., (Copyright © 2024 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.)
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- 2024
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8. Virtual Reality and Serious Videogame-Based Instruments for Assessing Spatial Navigation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties.
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Sánchez-Escudero JP, Galvis-Herrera AM, Sánchez-Trujillo D, Torres-López LC, Kennedy CJ, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Garcia-Barrera MA, and Trujillo N
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Over the past decade, research using virtual reality and serious game-based instruments for assessing spatial navigation and spatial memory in at-risk and AD populations has risen. We systematically reviewed the literature since 2012 to identify and evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias in the analyses of the psychometric properties of VRSG-based instruments. The search was conducted primarily in July-December 2022 and updated in November 2023 in eight major databases. The quality of instrument development and study design were analyzed in all studies. Measurement properties were defined and analyzed according to COSMIN guidelines. A total of 1078 unique records were screened, and following selection criteria, thirty-seven studies were analyzed. From these studies, 30 instruments were identified. Construct and criterion validity were the most reported measurement properties, while structural validity and internal consistency evidence were the least reported. Nineteen studies were deemed very good in construct validity, whereas 11 studies reporting diagnostic accuracy were deemed very good in quality. Limitations regarding theoretical framework and research design requirements were found in most of the studies. VRSG-based instruments are valuable additions to the current diagnostic toolkit for AD. Further research is required to establish the psychometric performance and clinical utility of VRSG-based instruments, particularly the instrument development, content validity, and diagnostic accuracy for preclinical AD screening scenarios. This review provides a straightforward synthesis of the state of the art of VRSG-based instruments and suggests future directions for research., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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9. Guía mexicana para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del hemangioma infantil.
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Toledo-Bahena ME, Camargo-Sánchez KA, Cruz HV, Valencia-Herrera AM, Ocáriz MMS, Duarte-Abdala MR, Osuna-Osuna J, Aranda-Mendoza J, Rosales-Solís GM, Maza-Ramos G, Orozco-Covarrubias ML, Valle PL, Erdmenger-Orellana JR, Enríquez-García R, Dies-Suárez P, Celis-Jiménez A, and Mena-Cedillos CA
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- Humans, Infant, Follow-Up Studies, Mexico, Quality of Life, Hemangioma diagnosis, Hemangioma therapy
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Infantile hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor, the most common in childhood, whose natural evolution is the disappearance of the lesion in the pediatric age and which has effective and safe treatments that limit its growth and favor its disappearance at younger ages. Infantile hemangioma continues to be a reason for attention to complications, due to erroneous diagnoses, lack of knowledge of the condition, late referral or fear of the effects of the medications used for its treatment. Furthermore, its presence is normalized without taking into account that it can cause uncertainty, anxiety, feelings of guilt and, as a consequence, a significant impact on the quality of life, mainly in the parents or caregivers of the child. The need for a clinical practice guideline in our country arises from the high presentation of late-remitted complications in infantile hemangioma even with the availability of adequate treatments, the continuous evolution of medicine and the appearance of new evidence. Throughout the guide you will find recommendations regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with infantile hemangioma, taking into account the paraclinical tests that can be performed, topical or systemic management options, as well as adjuvant therapies. For the first time, objective tools for patient follow-up are included in a guide for the management of infantile hemangioma, as well as to help the first contact doctor in timely referral., (Copyright: © 2024 Permanyer.)
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- 2024
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10. Timely delivery of PORT for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a county hospital.
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Rosas Herrera AM, Haskins AD, Hanania AN, Jhaveri PM, Chapman CH, Huang Q, and Hernandez DJ
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Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the rate of post-operative radiation therapy (PORT) initiation within 6 weeks for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at a safety net, academic institutio between 2019 and 2021 versus those treated in 2022 after implementation of a new clinical pathway., Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed at a single tertiary care, safety-net, academic institution. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, dates of surgery, and other treatment dates were collected from the electronic medical record. The time from surgery to PORT was calculated. Patients who started radiation treatment within 42 days of surgery were regarded as having started PORT on time. The demographics, tumor characteristics, and rate of timely PORT for the two cohorts of patients were compared., Results: From 2018 to 2021, our rate of PORT initiation within 6 weeks of surgery was 12% ( n = 57). In 2022, our rate of timely PORT was 88% ( n = 16), p < 0.5. Patient demographics and characteristics were similar with the exception of marital status and use of free-flap reconstruction. The 2022 cohort was more likely to be single ( p < 0.5), and all patients underwent free-flap reconstruction in 2022 ( p < 0.05)., Conclusion: Early referrals, frequent communication, and use of a secure registry were the key to the success found by our group despite the socioeconomic challenges of our underserved, safety-net hospital patient population. The changes made at our institution should serve as a template for other institutions seeking to improve the quality of care for their HNSCC patients., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest for the existing work., (© 2023 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society.)
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- 2023
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11. Pearls & Oy-sters: Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-Plus Masquerading as Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in a 2-Year-Old Child.
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Sunshine A, Mandle QJ, Cabal Herrera AM, Zapanta B, Varma H, and Magaña S
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- Humans, Child, Preschool, Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber diagnosis, Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber genetics, Neuromyelitis Optica diagnosis
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"Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON-Plus)" is a phenotype of LHON that is characterized by extraocular neurologic manifestations, which may be the first manifestations of the disease.
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- 2023
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12. Cactus cladodes for dairy goats: what is the best fiber source?
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de Lima IE, Monteiro CC, Mesquita FTL, de Vasconcelos EQL, de Souza MS, Dos Santos DS, Ribeiro EF, Santos TVM, Félix SB, Herrera AM, and de Andrade Ferreira M
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- Female, Animals, Cellulose metabolism, Dietary Fiber metabolism, Lactation, Digestion, Diet veterinary, Milk metabolism, Silage analysis, Zea mays metabolism, Goats metabolism, Rumen metabolism, Cactaceae, Saccharum
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This study evaluated the effect of different fiber sources supplied with cactus cladodes in diets on the intake and digestibility of nutrients, ingestive behavior, milk yield, and composition of dairy goats. The fiber sources were corn silage, sorghum silage, Digitaria pentzii Stent. hay, and sugarcane bagasse. Twelve Saanen goats with an average weight of 48.9 ± 7.3 kg and average production of 2.8 ± 0.7 kg of milk/day were assigned in three simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares (four animals, four treatments, and four experimental periods). There was no difference between the fiber sources for intake (P > 0.05) of dry matter (2.58 kg/day), organic matter (2.30 kg/day), crude protein (0.385 kg/day), neutral detergent fiber (0.895 kg/day), non-fibrous carbohydrates (0.858 kg/day), and metabolizable energy (5.66 Mcal/day). Also, the fiber sources did not influence dry matter and nutrient digestibility (P > 0.05). The association of cactus cladodes with silages, hay, and sugarcane bagasse did not change milk production, milk production corrected for 3.5% of fat and corrected for energy (2.78; 2.53 and 2,55 kg/day, respectively), in addition to milk composition (P > 0.05). No differences were observed in ingestive behavior (P > 0.05). Any fiber sources evaluated are recommended., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2023
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13. Treatment Options for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: An Umbrella Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews on the Effectiveness of Therapeutic Interventions.
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Gallego H, Arango S, Combalia A, Fuster S, Jaramillo C, and Herrera AM
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Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a common and incapacitating condition affecting patients with previous spine surgery in whom treatment approach can be challenging. This study aimed to summarize existing secondary studies and up-to-date randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assess the effectiveness of available treatment options for FBSS., Methods: Systematic searches were carried out in five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Scielo, Epistemonikos, and Google scholar) for all systematic reviews on the effectiveness of treatment options for FBSS published after 2012. Outcomes of interest were pain levels measured through visual analog scale or numeric rating scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and quality of life. Methodological and risk of bias assessments were performed with the AMSTAR-2 tool for systematic reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for RCT. Prospective PROSPERO registration: CRD42022307609., Results: Fifteen studies, seven systematic reviews, and eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria and fulfilled the methodological quality assessment. Of the 15 included studies, 8 were on neurostimulation, 4 on adhesiolysis, 4 on epidural or intrathecal injections, and 3 on other treatment modalities. The risk of bias was low in seven studies, moderate in five, and high in three., Conclusions: Based on this systematic overview and the considerable heterogeneity among studies, the FBSS therapeutic approach must be individualized. FBSS treatment should start with conservative management, considering the implementation of neurostimulation, a technique with the most robust evidence of effective results, in cases of refractory axial or neuropathic pain. As the last resource, in light of the evidence found, more invasive procedures or new surgical interventions are indicated., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare that there are no relevant conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research.)
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- 2023
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14. Fragile X Syndrome in children.
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Acero-Garcés DO, Saldarriaga W, Cabal-Herrera AM, Rojas CA, and Hagerman RJ
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- Humans, Child, Quality of Life, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Fragile X Syndrome diagnosis, Fragile X Syndrome genetics, Autism Spectrum Disorder etiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder genetics, Intellectual Disability
- Abstract
Fragile X syndrome is caused by the expansion of CGG triplets in the FMR1 gene, which generates epigenetic changes that silence its expression. The absence of the protein coded by this gene, FMRP, causes cellular dysfunction, leading to impaired brain development and functional abnormalities. The physical and neurologic manifestations of the disease appear early in life and may suggest the diagnosis. However, it must be confirmed by molecular tests. It affects multiple areas of daily living and greatly burdens the affected individuals and their families. Fragile X syndrome is the most common monogenic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder; the diagnosis should be suspected in every patient with neurodevelopmental delay. Early interventions could improve the functional prognosis of patients with Fragile X syndrome, significantly impacting their quality of life and daily functioning. Therefore, healthcare for children with Fragile X syndrome should include a multidisciplinary approach., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: R.H. is a member of the Scientific and Clinical advisory committee of the National Fragile X Foundation (NFXF), R.H. is on the Clinical Treatments Committee of the NFXF, and R.H is on Zynerba Scientific Advisory Committee. In addition, RH has received funding from the Azrieli Foundation and Zynerba Pharmaceuticals to carry out treatment trials in Fragile X syndrome.The other authors have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Colombia Medica.)
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- 2023
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15. Obtaining of Mg-Zn Co-Doped GaN Powders via Nitridation of the Ga-Mg-Zn Metallic Solution and Their Structural and Optical Properties.
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Gastellóu E, García R, Herrera AM, Ramos A, García G, Hirata GA, Luna JA, Carrillo RC, Rodríguez JA, Robles M, Ramírez YD, and Martínez G
- Abstract
Mg-Zn co-dopedGaN powders via the nitridation of a Ga-Mg-Zn metallic solution at 1000 °C for 2 h in ammonia flow were obtained. XRD patterns for the Mg-Zn co-dopedGaN powders showed a crystal size average of 46.88 nm. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs had an irregular shape, with a ribbon-like structure and a length of 8.63 µm. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed the incorporation of Zn (Lα 1.012 eV) and Mg (Kα 1.253 eV), while XPS measurements showed the elemental contributions of magnesium and zinc as co-dopant elements quantified in 49.31 eV and 1019.49 eV, respectively. The photoluminescence spectrum showed a fundamental emission located at 3.40 eV(364.70 nm), which was related to band-to-band transition, besides a second emission found in a range from 2.80 eV to 2.90 eV (442.85-427.58 nm), which was related to a characteristic of Mg-doped GaN and Zn-doped GaN powders. Furthermore, Raman scattering demonstrated a shoulder at 648.05 cm
-1 , which could indicate the incorporation of the Mg and Zn co-dopants atoms into the GaN structure. It is expected that one of the main applications of Mg-Zn co-doped GaN powders is in obtaining thin films for SARS-CoV-2 biosensors.- Published
- 2023
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16. Quality of life related to both general and oral health two years after treatment for subcondylar fracture.
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Jiménez-López YI, Hernandez-Herrera AM, Gómez Díaz HJ, Torres González R, and Jáuregui Renaud K
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- Humans, Quality of Life, Cross-Sectional Studies, Oral Health, Fracture Fixation, Internal, Pain, Treatment Outcome, Mandibular Condyle surgery, Mandibular Fractures surgery
- Abstract
The success of treatment for condylar fractures is usually assessed by functional outcomes, while studies on patient perceptions are scarce. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the middle-term quality of life, related to both general health and oral health, of patients treated for subcondylar fracture, either by open reduction or by closed fixation, compared to healthy volunteers. In a single trauma centre, among 226 consecutive patients with subcondylar fractures that were treated in years 2018-2019 (two to three years prior to the survey), 148 fulfilled the selection criteria. They were classified as those with other facial fractures that were treated by open reduction (n = 79), and those without other fractures that were treated either by open reduction (n = 34) or by closed fixation (n = 35). An age matched group of healthy volunteers (n = 65) also participated in the study. All participants replied to the Short-Form-Health-Survey (SF-36) and the Oral-Health-Impact-Profile (OHIP-49), using the social messenger platform WhatsApp. The SF-36 showed that patients with closed-fixation reported better mental health than patients with open reduction, but worse than healthy volunteers. Contrariwise, on the OHIP-49, compared to patients with open reduction (with/without other facial fractures) and to healthy volunteers, patients with closed-fixation reported worse quality of life on physical pain, psychological discomfort, and physical disability. The influence of age was evident just on the OHIP-49, on the report of physical limitation and physical pain. Two to three years after the subcondylar fracture, patients treated either by open reduction or closed fixation might report decreased quality of life compared to healthy volunteers; patients treated by open reduction might report lesser mental health related quality of life (SF-36), but superior oral health related quality of life (OHIP-49) than patients treated by closed fixation., (Copyright © 2023 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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17. Effect of the Deposit Temperature of ZnO Doped with Ni by HFCVD.
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Gutiérrez DR, García-Salgado G, Coyopol A, Rosendo-Andrés E, Romano R, Morales C, Benítez A, Severiano F, Herrera AM, and Ramírez-González F
- Abstract
The effect of the deposit temperature of zinc oxide (ZnO) doped with nickel (Ni) by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique is reported in this work. The technique allows depositing ZnO:Ni in short intervals (1 min). A deposit of undoped ZnO is used as a reference sample. The reference sample was deposited at 500 °C. The ZnO:Ni samples were deposited at 500 °C, 400 °C, 350 °C, and 300 °C. The samples were studied using structural, morphological, and optical characterization techniques. The Ni incorporation to the ZnO lattice was verified by the shift of the X-ray diffraction peaks, the Raman peaks, the band gap, and the photoluminescence measurements. It was found that the deposit temperature affects the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the ZnO:Ni samples too. The structure of the ZnO:Ni samples corresponds to the hexagonal structure. Different microstructures shapes such as spheres, sea urchins, and agglomerate were found in samples; their change is attributed to the deposit temperature variation. The intensity of the photoluminescence of the ZnO:Ni improves concerning the ZnO due to the Ni incorporation, but it decreases as the deposit temperature decreases.
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- 2023
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18. Mental disorders in Mexico 1990-2021. Results from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study.
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Medina-Mora ME, Orozco R, Rafful C, Cordero M, Bishai J, Ferrari A, Santomauro D, Benjet C, Borges G, and Mantilla-Herrera AM
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- Humans, Global Burden of Disease, Mexico epidemiology, Health Status, Global Health, Prevalence, Mental Disorders epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Mental disorders are one of the main causes of years lived with disability, although there is a lack of recent estimates of their magnitude., Objective: To report the trends of mental disorders prevalence, years lived with disability and years of healthy life lost by sex, age and state in Mexico., Material and Methods: The Global Burden of Disease database for Mexico was used., Results: There were an estimated 18.1 million persons with some mental disorder in 2021, which represented an increase of 15.4% in comparison with 2019. Depressive and anxiety disorders did significantly increase between 2019 and 2021, which is possibly related to COVID-19, the confinement and the situations of grief experienced during the pandemic., Conclusions: Mental disorders have considerably increased since the only national mental health survey that used diagnostic criteria to evaluate their prevalence. It is important to invest in epidemiological studies, prevention and care of mental disorders, which are among the leading causes of years lived with disability in the country., (Copyright: © 2023 Permanyer.)
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- 2023
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19. Pigmented neurofibroma with hypertrichosis.
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Godínez-Chaparro JA, Valencia-Herrera AM, Mena-Cedillos CA, Toussaint-Caire S, Duarte-Abdala MR, Loza-Escutia O, and Toledo-Bahena ME
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- Male, Humans, Child, Melanins, Biopsy, Hypertrichosis, Neurofibroma, Neurofibromatosis 1
- Abstract
Background: Pigmented (or melanocytic) neurofibroma (PN) constitutes only 1% of cases and is considered a rare variant of neurofibroma containing melanin-producing cells. In addition, the association of PN with hypertrichosis is infrequent., Case Report: We describe the case of an 8-year-old male with a neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) diagnosis, who presented a light brown hyperpigmented plaque, smooth and well-demarcated, and hypertrichosis on the left thigh. The skin biopsy showed characteristics of neurofibroma; however, in the deep portion of the lesion, melanin deposits positive for S100, Melan-A, and HMB45 were observed, thus establishing the diagnosis of pigmented neurofibroma., Conclusions: Although PN is a rare subtype of neurofibroma, it is considered a chronically progressive benign tumor containing melanin-producing cells. These lesions can appear alone or in association with neurofibromatosis. Since this is a tumor that can be confused with other skin lesions, biopsy analysis is essential to differentiate it from other pigmented skin tumors, such as melanocytic schwannoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, neurocristic hamartoma, or neuronevus. Surveillance is part of the treatment, and surgical resection is sometimes performed., (Copyright: © 2023 Permanyer.)
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- 2023
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20. The International Fragile X Premutation Registry: building a resource for research and clinical trial readiness.
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Hessl D, Rosselot H, Miller R, Espinal G, Famula J, Sherman SL, Todd PK, Cabal Herrera AM, Lipworth K, Cohen J, Hall DA, Leehey M, Grigsby J, Weber JD, Alusi S, Wheeler A, Raspa M, Hudson T, and Sobrian SK
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- Humans, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion genetics, Registries, Guanine, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Neurodegenerative Diseases genetics
- Abstract
FMR1 premutation cytosine-guanine-guanine repeat expansion alleles are relatively common mutations in the general population that are associated with a neurodegenerative disease (fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome), reproductive health problems and potentially a wide range of additional mental and general health conditions that are not yet well-characterised. The International Fragile X Premutation Registry (IFXPR) was developed to facilitate and encourage research to better understand the FMR1 premutation and its impact on human health, to facilitate clinical trial readiness by identifying and characterising diverse cohorts of individuals interested in study participation, and to build community and collaboration among carriers, family members, researchers and clinicians around the world. Here, we describe the development and content of the IFXPR, characterise its first 747 registrants from 32 countries and invite investigators to apply for recruitment support for their project(s). With larger numbers, increased diversity and potentially the future clinical characterisation of registrants, the IFXPR will contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the fragile X premutation in human health and support treatment studies., Competing Interests: Competing interests: DH is a member of the Clinical and Scientific Advisory Committee and the Clinical Trials Committee of the National Fragile X Foundation., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2022
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21. Isotherm Theoretical Study of the Al x Ga 1-x As y Sb 1-y Quaternary Alloy Using the Regular Solution Approximation for Its Possible Growth via Liquid-Phase Epitaxy at Low Temperatures.
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Gastellóu E, García R, Herrera AM, Ramos A, García G, Robles M, Rodríguez JA, Ramírez YD, and Carrillo RC
- Abstract
This work presents the theoretical calculation of isotherm diagrams for quaternary alloys of III-V semiconductor compounds with the form III
x III1-x Vy V1-y . In particular, the isotherm diagrams for the Alx Ga1-x Asy Sb1-y quaternary alloy at low temperatures were calculated (500 °C, 450 °C, 400 °C, and 350 °C). The Alx Ga1-x Asy Sb1-y quaternary alloy was formed from four binary compounds such as GaAs, AlAs, AlSb, and GaSb, all with direct bandgaps. The regular solution approximation was used to find the quaternary isotherm diagrams, represented in four linearly independent equations, which were solved using Parametric Technology Corporation Mathcad 14.0 software for different arsenic and antimony atomic fractions. The results support the possible growth of layers via liquid-phase epitaxy in a range of temperatures from 500 °C to 350 °C, where the crystalline quality could be improved at low temperatures. These semiconductor layers could have applications for optoelectronic devices in photonic communications, thermophotovoltaic systems, and microwave devices with good crystalline quality.- Published
- 2022
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22. Estimated Global Proportions of Individuals With Persistent Fatigue, Cognitive, and Respiratory Symptom Clusters Following Symptomatic COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021.
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Wulf Hanson S, Abbafati C, Aerts JG, Al-Aly Z, Ashbaugh C, Ballouz T, Blyuss O, Bobkova P, Bonsel G, Borzakova S, Buonsenso D, Butnaru D, Carter A, Chu H, De Rose C, Diab MM, Ekbom E, El Tantawi M, Fomin V, Frithiof R, Gamirova A, Glybochko PV, Haagsma JA, Haghjooy Javanmard S, Hamilton EB, Harris G, Heijenbrok-Kal MH, Helbok R, Hellemons ME, Hillus D, Huijts SM, Hultström M, Jassat W, Kurth F, Larsson IM, Lipcsey M, Liu C, Loflin CD, Malinovschi A, Mao W, Mazankova L, McCulloch D, Menges D, Mohammadifard N, Munblit D, Nekliudov NA, Ogbuoji O, Osmanov IM, Peñalvo JL, Petersen MS, Puhan MA, Rahman M, Rass V, Reinig N, Ribbers GM, Ricchiuto A, Rubertsson S, Samitova E, Sarrafzadegan N, Shikhaleva A, Simpson KE, Sinatti D, Soriano JB, Spiridonova E, Steinbeis F, Svistunov AA, Valentini P, van de Water BJ, van den Berg-Emons R, Wallin E, Witzenrath M, Wu Y, Xu H, Zoller T, Adolph C, Albright J, Amlag JO, Aravkin AY, Bang-Jensen BL, Bisignano C, Castellano R, Castro E, Chakrabarti S, Collins JK, Dai X, Daoud F, Dapper C, Deen A, Duncan BB, Erickson M, Ewald SB, Ferrari AJ, Flaxman AD, Fullman N, Gamkrelidze A, Giles JR, Guo G, Hay SI, He J, Helak M, Hulland EN, Kereselidze M, Krohn KJ, Lazzar-Atwood A, Lindstrom A, Lozano R, Malta DC, Månsson J, Mantilla Herrera AM, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Nomura S, Pasovic M, Pigott DM, Reiner RC Jr, Reinke G, Ribeiro ALP, Santomauro DF, Sholokhov A, Spurlock EE, Walcott R, Walker A, Wiysonge CS, Zheng P, Bettger JP, Murray CJL, and Vos T
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Bayes Theorem, Pain epidemiology, Pain etiology, SARS-CoV-2, Syndrome, Internationality, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders etiology, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 epidemiology, Fatigue epidemiology, Fatigue etiology, Cognition Disorders epidemiology, Cognition Disorders etiology, Respiratory Insufficiency epidemiology, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology
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Importance: Some individuals experience persistent symptoms after initial symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (often referred to as Long COVID)., Objective: To estimate the proportion of males and females with COVID-19, younger or older than 20 years of age, who had Long COVID symptoms in 2020 and 2021 and their Long COVID symptom duration., Design, Setting, and Participants: Bayesian meta-regression and pooling of 54 studies and 2 medical record databases with data for 1.2 million individuals (from 22 countries) who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 54 studies, 44 were published and 10 were collaborating cohorts (conducted in Austria, the Faroe Islands, Germany, Iran, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the US). The participant data were derived from the 44 published studies (10 501 hospitalized individuals and 42 891 nonhospitalized individuals), the 10 collaborating cohort studies (10 526 and 1906), and the 2 US electronic medical record databases (250 928 and 846 046). Data collection spanned March 2020 to January 2022., Exposures: Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection., Main Outcomes and Measures: Proportion of individuals with at least 1 of the 3 self-reported Long COVID symptom clusters (persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings; cognitive problems; or ongoing respiratory problems) 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020 and 2021, estimated separately for hospitalized and nonhospitalized individuals aged 20 years or older by sex and for both sexes of nonhospitalized individuals younger than 20 years of age., Results: A total of 1.2 million individuals who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection were included (mean age, 4-66 years; males, 26%-88%). In the modeled estimates, 6.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 2.4%-13.3%) of individuals who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection experienced at least 1 of the 3 Long COVID symptom clusters in 2020 and 2021, including 3.2% (95% UI, 0.6%-10.0%) for persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings, 3.7% (95% UI, 0.9%-9.6%) for ongoing respiratory problems, and 2.2% (95% UI, 0.3%-7.6%) for cognitive problems after adjusting for health status before COVID-19, comprising an estimated 51.0% (95% UI, 16.9%-92.4%), 60.4% (95% UI, 18.9%-89.1%), and 35.4% (95% UI, 9.4%-75.1%), respectively, of Long COVID cases. The Long COVID symptom clusters were more common in women aged 20 years or older (10.6% [95% UI, 4.3%-22.2%]) 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection than in men aged 20 years or older (5.4% [95% UI, 2.2%-11.7%]). Both sexes younger than 20 years of age were estimated to be affected in 2.8% (95% UI, 0.9%-7.0%) of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. The estimated mean Long COVID symptom cluster duration was 9.0 months (95% UI, 7.0-12.0 months) among hospitalized individuals and 4.0 months (95% UI, 3.6-4.6 months) among nonhospitalized individuals. Among individuals with Long COVID symptoms 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, an estimated 15.1% (95% UI, 10.3%-21.1%) continued to experience symptoms at 12 months., Conclusions and Relevance: This study presents modeled estimates of the proportion of individuals with at least 1 of 3 self-reported Long COVID symptom clusters (persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings; cognitive problems; or ongoing respiratory problems) 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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- 2022
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23. AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest.
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Antunes AC, Montanarin A, Gräbin DM, Dos Santos Monteiro EC, de Pinho FF, Alvarenga GC, Ahumada J, Wallace RB, Ramalho EE, Barnett APA, Bager A, Lopes AMC, Keuroghlian A, Giroux A, Herrera AM, de Almeida Correa AP, Meiga AY, de Almeida Jácomo AT, de Barros Barban A, Antunes A, de Almeida Coelho AG, Camilo AR, Nunes AV, Dos Santos Maroclo Gomes AC, da Silva Zanzini AC, Castro AB, Desbiez ALJ, Figueiredo A, de Thoisy B, Gauzens B, Oliveira BT, de Lima CA, Peres CA, Durigan CC, Brocardo CR, da Rosa CA, Zárate-Castañeda C, Monteza-Moreno CM, Carnicer C, Trinca CT, Polli DJ, da Silva Ferraz D, Lane DF, da Rocha DG, Barcelos DC, Auz D, Rosa DCP, Silva DA, Silvério DV, Eaton DP, Nakano-Oliveira E, Venticinque E, Junior EC, Mendonça EN, Vieira EM, Isasi-Catalá E, Fischer E, Castro EP, Oliveira EG, de Melo FR, de Lima Muniz F, Rohe F, Baccaro FB, Michalski F, Paim FP, Santos F, Anaguano F, Palmeira FBL, da Silva Reis F, Aguiar-Silva FH, de Avila Batista G, Zapata-Ríos G, Forero-Medina G, Neto GSF, Alves GB, Ayala G, Pedersoli GHP, El Bizri HR, do Prado HA, Mozerle HB, Costa HCM, Lima IJ, Palacios J, de Resende Assis J, Boubli JP, Metzger JP, Teixeira JV, Miranda JMD, Polisar J, Salvador J, Borges-Almeida K, Didier K, de Lima Pereira KD, Torralvo K, Gajapersad K, Silveira L, Maioli LU, Maracahipes-Santos L, Valenzuela L, Benavalli L, Fletcher L, Paolucci LN, Zanzini LP, da Silva LZ, Rodrigues LCR, Benchimol M, Oliveira MA, Lima M, da Silva MB, Dos Santos Junior MA, Viscarra M, Cohn-Haft M, Abrahams MI, Benedetti MA, Marmontel M, Hirt MR, Tôrres NM, Junior OFC, Alvarez-Loayza P, Jansen P, Prist PR, Brando PM, Perônico PB, do Nascimento Leite R, Rabelo RM, Sollmann R, Beltrão-Mendes R, Ferreira RAF, Coutinho R, da Costa Oliveira R, Ilha R, Hilário RR, Pires RAP, Sampaio R, da Silva Moreira R, Botero-Arias R, Martinez RV, de Albuquerque Nóbrega RA, Fadini RF, Morato RG, Carneiro RL, Almeida RPS, Ramos RM, Schaub R, Dornas R, Cueva R, Rolim S, Laurindo S, Espinosa S, Fernandes TN, Sanaiotti TM, Alvim THG, Dornas TT, Piña TEN, Caetano Andrade VL, Santiago WTV, Magnusson WE, Campos Z, and Ribeiro MC
- Subjects
- Animals, Biodiversity, Birds, Brazil, Humans, Reptiles, Vertebrates, Forests, Mammals
- Abstract
The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data., (© 2022 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.)
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- 2022
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24. Severe Vaginal Myiasis: Successful Management With Ivermectin.
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Payán-Gómez C, Cabal-Herrera AM, Caicedo-Rosales JA, and Saldarriaga-Gil W
- Subjects
- Aged, Animals, Antiparasitic Agents therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Larva, Vagina, Ivermectin therapeutic use, Myiasis diagnosis, Myiasis drug therapy, Myiasis parasitology
- Abstract
Myiasis refers to infestation of living animals or humans by maggots or fly larvae. Urogenital myiasis is a rare condition that is linked to poor sanitary conditions and limited access to healthcare and with few published case reports. Here, we describe the case of a 67-year-old homeless woman with multiple comorbidities, who presented with extensive vaginal myiasis requiring inpatient management with ivermectin, ceftriaxone, and metronidazole and daily larvae extraction and debridement. The relevance of this case is providing a report of a successful management with ivermectin of a case of severe vaginal myiasis. Severe cases of vaginal myiasis can require repeated debridement of necrotic tissue and systemic antibiotics in addition to antiparasitic medication. People living under poor sanitary conditions and with poor hygienic practices are at increased risk for severe vaginal myiasis., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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25. A point-of-care diagnostic test for aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica.
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Rice DR, Nishiyama S, Pardo S, Cabal Herrera AM, Levy M, and Mateen FJ
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- Adult, Aquaporin 4, Autoantibodies, Female, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Point-of-Care Testing, Neuromyelitis Optica diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Given the need for specialized laboratory techniques, diagnostic testing for serum antibodies to aquaporin-4, a protein associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), is not globally accessible. We aimed to evaluate a novel point-of-care, filter paper-based test for serum AQP4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab)., Methods: Adults with AQP4-Ab seropositive NMOSD and seronegative controls (with other central nervous system demyelinating diagnoses) used lancets to place blood drops (∼1 mL) on filter paper cards. Samples were analyzed after an average of 9.4 days using transfected AQP4-GFP HEK293 cells, and results were compared to participants' prior serum AQP4-Ab test results by blinded laboratory staff., Results: Of 40 participants (mean age 53.7 years; 83% female), 25 were cases and 15 were controls. The most common diagnosis of controls was multiple sclerosis (73%). The average NMOSD disease duration was 6.3 years. All AQP4-Ab seropositive participants were on disease modifying therapies at the time of participation. The point-of-care test yielded a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 93% (positive and negative predictive values 95% and 74%)., Conclusion: This point-of-care AQP4-Ab testing method may become a pragmatic option to diagnose AQP4-Ab seropositive NMOSD in difficult-to-reach settings. This method should be confirmed with other testing parameters and field tested in new populations., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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26. Unveiling the unseen: Distinguishing and dignifying the essential role of environmental services staff.
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Cabal Herrera AM, Walker VP, and Bignall ONR 2nd
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- 2022
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27. Validating the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in a Colombian sample.
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Vinaccia S, Bahamón MJ, Trejos-Herrera AM, Lee SA, Quiceno JM, Gómez CA, Vega DoLugar S, and Pelaez EC
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- Adult, Anxiety diagnosis, Colombia, Humans, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Coronavirus
- Abstract
The present instrumental study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale with 421 Colombian adults in full lockdown of coronavirus. The reliability was excellent, obtained through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient ( α = 0.83). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis identified satisfactory indicators for the scale's one-dimensional model. The correlations obtained in the discriminant analysis of the items have a moderate level of correlation with values between 0.74 and 0.81. These findings demonstrate that the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate dysfunctional anxiety related to coronavirus in Colombian population.
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- 2022
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28. Rothmund-Thomson syndrome: a case series from a tertiary pediatric hospital in Mexico.
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Sánchez-Padilla AP, Valencia-Herrera AM, Toledo-Bahena ME, Mena-Cedillos CA, and Toussaint-Caire S
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- Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Male, Mexico, Mutation, Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome diagnosis, Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome genetics, Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome pathology
- Abstract
Background: Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, also known as congenital poikiloderma, is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis with onset in early childhood that affects at a multisystem level., Case Reports: Case 1. A 4-year-old male patient, consanguineous parents, 26-year-old brother with a probable diagnosis of Rothmund-Thompson syndrome. He presented with adactyly of the right thumb, hypoplasia of the left thumb, delayed growth and psychomotor development. At 3 months, he presented rough, dry, sparse hair and erythematous lesions on the face, leaving hyperpigmented and hypopigmented spots with a reticulated pattern. We detected hypoacusis, skeletal alterations, narrow chin, short stature, severe malnutrition, and chronic and asymptomatic hypodontia. Genetic sequencing showed a mutation for the RECQL4 gene, for which a multidisciplinary follow-up was provided by the genetics, gastroenterology, nutrition, endocrinology, stomatology, audiology, orthopedics, rehabilitation, ophthalmology and oncology services. Case 2. A 2-year-old female patient presented facial erythema that spread to the arms and legs at 3 months; skin biopsy showed poikiloderma. She was evaluated by the endocrinology service and followed up for short stature and hypogonadism. A genetic study was not performed., Conclusions: Rothmund-Thomson syndrome is characterized by atrophy. Only a few cases are reported in the literature. We present two cases of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, emphasizing its clinical and dermatological characteristics., (Copyright: © 2022 Permanyer.)
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- 2022
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29. Acne and diet: a review of pathogenic mechanisms.
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González-Mondragón EA, Ganoza-Granados LDC, Toledo-Bahena ME, Valencia-Herrera AM, Duarte-Abdala MR, Camargo-Sánchez KA, and Mena-Cedillos CA
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- Diet, Humans, Inflammation complications, Propionibacterium acnes physiology, Sebum, Acne Vulgaris microbiology, Acne Vulgaris pathology
- Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit with multifactorial etiology. Abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes, altered sebum production, inflammation of the sebaceous follicle, and colonization by Cutibacterium acnes have been traditionally implicated. However, the diet has also been highlighted in the pathogenesis because of its direct relation with some biochemical markers and the transcription of specific genes associated with sebaceous gland activity, inflammation, and bacterial proliferation, which together promote the development of the disease, affect the severity of the condition, and modify its response to treatment.
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- 2022
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30. COVID-19 in a patient treated with eculizumab for aquaporin-4 neuromyelitis optica.
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Cabal-Herrera AM and Mateen FJ
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- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Aquaporin 4, Autoantibodies, Humans, COVID-19 diagnosis, Neuromyelitis Optica drug therapy
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- 2021
- Full Text
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31. Randomized Controlled Trials for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Trial Architecture.
- Author
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Cabal-Herrera AM and Mateen FJ
- Subjects
- Aquaporin 4, Autoantibodies, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Neuromyelitis Optica drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing inflammatory disease that primarily affects the optic nerves and the spinal cord. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing treatments for NMOSD have only been performed in the past decade, and to date, there are 3 drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for antiaquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G seropositive NMOSD. This review assesses the characteristics and challenges of RCTs when evaluating treatments for NMOSD., Review Summary: We conducted a review using the terms ("neuromyelitis optica" OR "NMO" OR "NMOSD") AND "clinical trial" in any language on March 28, 2021. Seven RCTs were included, and the trials' architecture was analyzed and synthesized. Overall, 794 subjects were randomized [monoclonal antibody intervention group, n= 493 (62.1%), placebo, n=196 (24.7%), and active control, n=105 (13.2%)]; 709 (89.3%) were females; and 658 (82.9%) were aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody seropositive. The primary outcome was time to relapse in 6/7 of the trials, and annualized relapse rate in the remaining one. Four RCTs used placebo in their design. Among the seven published RCTs, the trial design differed by the criteria used to define NMOSD relapse, selection of subjects, proportion of AQP4 immunoglobulin G seronegative patients, and baseline characteristics indicating NMO disease severity., Conclusions: Ethical considerations for the use of placebo should change in light of the approval of 3 therapies for seropositive NMOSD. Remaining challenges for clinical trials in NMOSD include the assessment of long-term safety and efficacy, standardization of trial design and endpoints, and head-to-head study designs., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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32. Cerebral Microbleeds in Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome.
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Salcedo-Arellano MJ, Wang JY, McLennan YA, Doan M, Cabal-Herrera AM, Jimenez S, Wolf-Ochoa MW, Sanchez D, Juarez P, Tassone F, Durbin-Johnson B, Hagerman RJ, and Martínez-Cerdeño V
- Subjects
- Ataxia complications, Ataxia genetics, Cerebral Hemorrhage complications, Cerebral Hemorrhage diagnostic imaging, Endothelial Cells, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Humans, Tremor complications, Tremor genetics, Fragile X Syndrome complications, Fragile X Syndrome genetics, Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Abstract
Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome is a neurodegenerative disease of late onset developed by carriers of the premutation in the fragile x mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Pathological features of neurodegeneration in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome include toxic levels of FMR1 mRNA, ubiquitin-positive intranuclear inclusions, white matter disease, iron accumulation, and a proinflammatory state., Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of cerebral microbleeds in the brains of patients with fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome and investigate plausible causes for cerebral microbleeds in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome., Methods: We collected cerebral and cerebellar tissue from 15 fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome cases and 15 control cases carrying FMR1 normal alleles. We performed hematoxylin and eosin, Perls and Congo red stains, ubiquitin, and amyloid β protein immunostaining. We quantified the number of cerebral microbleeds, amount of iron, presence of amyloid β within the capillaries, and number of endothelial cells containing intranuclear inclusions. We evaluated the relationships between pathological findings using correlation analysis., Results: We found intranuclear inclusions in the endothelial cells of capillaries and an increased number of cerebral microbleeds in the brains of those with fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, both of which are indicators of cerebrovascular dysfunction. We also found a suggestive association between the amount of capillaries that contain amyloid β in the cerebral cortex and the rate of disease progression., Conclusion: We propose microangiopathy as a pathologic feature of fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society., (© 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.)
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- 2021
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33. Femoracetabular impingement treated with surgical hip dislocation: Short-term results.
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Sarassa C, Carmona D, Vanegas D, Restrepo C, Gomez L, and Herrera AM
- Abstract
Background and Objective: Most of the studies available in the literature related to the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAA) with surgical hip dislocation (CLD) come from Europe and North America. This study describes the short-term results of the LQC technique for treating PFA in a cohort of Colombian patients., Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analysed 42 cases of PFA treated with LQC from 2006 to 2018. The same orthopaedic surgeon performed all surgeries. Clinical outcome was assessed using the Merle d'Aubigné scores, while radiological assessment was performed using the Tönnis score., Results: Fifteen women and 25 men were included in the study, with a mean age of 36.3 years. Two patients had bilateral symptomatic involvement. Of the 42 cases, there were 13 cam type, 11 pincer type and 18 mixed. Preoperatively, 31 hips were classified as poor and moderate, and 11 as good according to the Merle d'Aubigné scale. The preoperative Tönnis radiological classification showed grade 0 in half of the cases. The mean duration of follow-up was 24 months (12 to 37). The final postoperative Merle d'Aubigné scores classified 7 cases as poor or moderate, and 35 as good to excellent (p<0.05). The postoperative Tönnis score showed no significant variation. As complications, one patient had heterotopic ossification, and three had trochanteric nonunion requiring refixation., Conclusion: Our results suggest that the LQC technique for the treatment of patients with PFA shows satisfactory short-term results with a low complication rate. To our knowledge, this is the first report of results of the surgical procedure for hip dislocation in our region., (Copyright © 2021 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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34. Inequities in diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome in Colombia.
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Saldarriaga-Gil W, Cabal-Herrera AM, Fandiño-Losada A, Vásquez A, Hagerman R, and Tassone F
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- Alleles, Colombia epidemiology, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Humans, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Fragile X Syndrome diagnosis, Fragile X Syndrome epidemiology, Fragile X Syndrome genetics, Intellectual Disability diagnosis, Intellectual Disability epidemiology, Intellectual Disability genetics
- Abstract
Background: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In Colombia, there are no screening or testing protocols established for the diagnosis of FXS. In this study, we aimed to describe the diagnostic trends of FXS in Colombia., Methods: Data were included on 1322 individuals obtained based on data from the only 2 databases available. Sociodemographic information and data related to the diagnostic process were obtained and included in this study., Results: The average age at the time of diagnosis for individuals with the full mutation (FM) was of 26.9 ± 2.57 years and was strongly dependent on sex and socioeconomic status. Most individuals with a molecular diagnosis were from the main cities., Conclusion: The overall age of diagnosis of FXS is later in life than reports from other countries. Restricted access to molecular testing through the national health system might explain this discrepancy in Colombia., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2021
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35. Cutaneous Manifestations Related to COVID-19 Immune Dysregulation in the Pediatric Age Group.
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Larenas-Linnemann D, Luna-Pech J, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Rodríguez-Pérez N, Arias-Cruz A, Blandón-Vijil MV, Del Rio-Navarro BE, Estrada-Cardona A, Onuma-Takane E, Pozo-Beltrán CF, Valencia-Herrera AM, Ortiz-Aldana FI, and Toledo-Bahena ME
- Subjects
- COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 virology, Child, Humans, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Skin Diseases immunology, COVID-19 pathology, Skin Diseases pathology, Skin Diseases virology
- Abstract
Purpose of Review: At the juncture of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is currently in an early phase of collecting clinical data and reports of its skin manifestations, and its pathophysiology is still highly conjectural. We reviewed cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 in the pediatric age group., Recent Findings: Children infected by SARS-CoV-2 usually develop milder respiratory symptoms, but cutaneous manifestations seem a little more prevalent than in adults. These skin features of infection by the coronavirus can be similar to those produced by other common viruses, but there are also reports of cases with more heterogeneous clinical pictures, which have made their classification difficult. To date, the more frequently reported skin variants featured in pediatric cases are purpuric (pseudo-chilblain, necrotic-acral ischemia, hemorrhagic macules, and/or cutaneous necrosis), morbilliform/maculopapular, erythema multiforme, urticarial, vesicular, Kawasaki-like, and miscellaneous (highly variable in both frequency and severity). Their pathophysiological mechanism is still elusive and is likely to be the result of the complex involvement of one or more mechanisms, like direct virus-induced skin damage, vasculitis-like reactions, and/or indirect injury as a consequence of a systemic inflammatory reaction. In this review, we presented and discussed clinical cases as examples of different cutaneous responses reported in some children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, differential diagnosis considerations, and a preliminary conceptual approach to some of their probable associated pathologic mechanisms.
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- 2021
- Full Text
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36. Overlapping Molecular Pathways Leading to Autism Spectrum Disorders, Fragile X Syndrome, and Targeted Treatments.
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Salcedo-Arellano MJ, Cabal-Herrera AM, Punatar RH, Clark CJ, Romney CA, and Hagerman RJ
- Subjects
- Autism Spectrum Disorder genetics, Autism Spectrum Disorder metabolism, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Fragile X Syndrome genetics, Fragile X Syndrome metabolism, Humans, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Signal Transduction, Autism Spectrum Disorder etiology, Fragile X Syndrome etiology, Molecular Targeted Therapy methods
- Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are subdivided into idiopathic (unknown) etiology and secondary, based on known etiology. There are hundreds of causes of ASD and most of them are genetic in origin or related to the interplay of genetic etiology and environmental toxicology. Approximately 30 to 50% of the etiologies can be identified when using a combination of available genetic testing. Many of these gene mutations are either core components of the Wnt signaling pathway or their modulators. The full mutation of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene leads to fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of monogenic origin of ASD, accounting for ~ 2% of the cases. There is an overlap of molecular mechanisms in those with idiopathic ASD and those with FXS, an interaction between various signaling pathways is suggested during the development of the autistic brain. This review summarizes the cross talk between neurobiological pathways found in ASD and FXS. These signaling pathways are currently under evaluation to target specific treatments in search of the reversal of the molecular abnormalities found in both idiopathic ASD and FXS.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Leukemia cutis and other dermatological findings in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
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Godínez-Chaparro JA, Valencia-Herrera AM, Duarte-Abdala MR, Mena-Cedillos CA, and Toledo-Bahena ME
- Subjects
- Child, Cohort Studies, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Skin, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute epidemiology, Skin Neoplasms
- Abstract
Background: Leukemia cutis (LC) is the infiltration of neoplastic leukocytes into the skin, causing skin lesions. In children, it appears more frequently in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), particularly in subtypes with a monocytic component., Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort including all AML cases from the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez between January 2009 to December 2019 and described the clinical characteristics of those who presented LC and other mucocutaneous manifestations. The information was collected from clinical records and analyzed using SPSS software (version 17)., Results: We identified 54 AML cases: 53.7% were males, and 75.9% of the patients presented at least one dermatosis in the course of the disease. LC was clinically present in 14.8% of patients and was histologically confirmed in 9.2% of them; two congenital leukemia cases were identified. Among these patients, LC was more frequent in males. LC patients were younger than those without LC, the most frequent AML subtype was M2 (37.5%), and the most frequent clinical manifestations were plaques, chloromas, and gingival hyperplasia. None of the patients presented LC before AML diagnosis., Conclusions: Currently, only a few studies about LC on pediatric populations have been reported, and the existing ones have small sample sizes. We found clinical and epidemiological similarities with other populations in the studied sample., (Copyright: © 2021 Permanyer.)
- Published
- 2021
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38. Coronavirus in Colombia: Stigma and quarantine.
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Trejos-Herrera AM, Vinaccia S, and Bahamón MJ
- Subjects
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Colombia epidemiology, Domestic Violence psychology, Domestic Violence statistics & numerical data, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections psychology, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Pneumonia, Viral psychology, Quarantine psychology, Social Stigma
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Unified Competing Interest form (available upon request from the corresponding author), and declare no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Erector spinae plane block for post-surgical analgesia in tumor resection compromising the shoulder girdle.
- Author
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Muñoz D, Orozco S, Jaramillo S, Hurtado C, and Herrera AM
- Subjects
- Humans, Paraspinal Muscles diagnostic imaging, Shoulder surgery, Analgesia, Neoplasms, Nerve Block
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Correction: Modelled health benefits of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax across different socioeconomic groups in Australia: A cost-effectiveness and equity analysis.
- Author
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Lal A, Mantilla-Herrera AM, Veerman L, Backholer K, Sacks G, Moodie M, Siahpush M, Carter R, and Peeters A
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002326.].
- Published
- 2020
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41. Subacute Acromioclavicular Dislocation After Basal Coracoid Process Fracture: Indirect Reduction without Open Reduction and Internal Fixation: A Case Report.
- Author
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Arismendi A, Gallego H, Galeano D, Hurtado C, and Herrera AM
- Subjects
- Fracture Fixation, Internal instrumentation, Fractures, Bone diagnostic imaging, Humans, Joint Dislocations diagnostic imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Acromioclavicular Joint injuries, Coracoid Process injuries, Fracture Fixation, Internal methods, Fractures, Bone surgery, Joint Dislocations surgery
- Abstract
Case: A 55-year-old man presented with an isolated undisplaced basal coracoid process (CP) fracture after direct trauma over his right shoulder. One week later, he presented with pain and anatomical deformity over the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ). Shoulder x-rays and computerized tomography revealed a complete acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation and displaced CP fracture. Anatomical AC reduction and ipsilateral coracoid fracture reduction were obtained using fixation with a hook plate. At 12-month follow-up, the patient regained functionality and showed complete CP consolidation and anatomic alignment of the ACJ., Conclusion: Our alternative treatment of coracoid fracture associated with secondary subacute AC dislocation showed satisfactory functional results.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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42. Elevated FMR1-mRNA and lowered FMRP - A double-hit mechanism for psychiatric features in men with FMR1 premutations.
- Author
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Schneider A, Winarni TI, Cabal-Herrera AM, Bacalman S, Gane L, Hagerman P, Tassone F, and Hagerman R
- Subjects
- Ataxia, Humans, Male, Mutation, RNA, Messenger genetics, Tremor genetics, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Fragile X Syndrome genetics
- Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by a full mutation of the FMR1 gene (>200 CGG repeats and subsequent methylation), such that there is little or no FMR1 protein (FMRP) produced, leading to intellectual disability (ID). Individuals with the premutation allele (55-200 CGG repeats, generally unmethylated) have elevated FMR1 mRNA levels, a consequence of enhanced transcription, resulting in neuronal toxicity and a spectrum of premutation-associated disorders, including the neurodegenerative disorder fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Here we described 14 patients who had both lowered FMRP and elevated FMR1 mRNA levels, representing dual mechanisms of clinical involvement, which may combine features of both FXS and FXTAS. In addition, the majority of these cases show psychiatric symptoms, including bipolar disorder, and/or psychotic features, which are rarely seen in those with just FXS.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS): Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications.
- Author
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Cabal-Herrera AM, Tassanakijpanich N, Salcedo-Arellano MJ, and Hagerman RJ
- Subjects
- Age of Onset, Ataxia diagnosis, Ataxia genetics, Atrophy, Early Diagnosis, Female, Fragile X Syndrome diagnosis, Fragile X Syndrome genetics, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Sex Characteristics, Tremor diagnosis, Tremor genetics, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion, Ataxia pathology, Ataxia psychology, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Fragile X Syndrome pathology, Fragile X Syndrome psychology, Mutation, Tremor pathology, Tremor psychology
- Abstract
The fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder seen in older premutation (55-200 CGG repeats) carriers of FMR1. The premutation has excessive levels of FMR1 mRNA that lead to toxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. The clinical features usually begin in the 60 s with an action or intention tremor followed by cerebellar ataxia, although 20% have only ataxia. MRI features include brain atrophy and white matter disease, especially in the middle cerebellar peduncles, periventricular areas, and splenium of the corpus callosum. Neurocognitive problems include memory and executive function deficits, although 50% of males can develop dementia. Females can be less affected by FXTAS because of a second X chromosome that does not carry the premutation. Approximately 40% of males and 16% of female carriers develop FXTAS. Since the premutation can occur in less than 1 in 200 women and 1 in 400 men, the FXTAS diagnosis should be considered in patients that present with tremor, ataxia, parkinsonian symptoms, neuropathy, and psychiatric problems. If a family history of a fragile X mutation is known, then FMR1 DNA testing is essential in patients with these symptoms.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Priority-setting for obesity prevention-The Assessing Cost-Effectiveness of obesity prevention policies in Australia (ACE-Obesity Policy) study.
- Author
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Ananthapavan J, Sacks G, Brown V, Moodie M, Nguyen P, Veerman L, Mantilla Herrera AM, Lal A, Peeters A, and Carter R
- Subjects
- Australia epidemiology, Humans, Markov Chains, Obesity epidemiology, Quality of Life, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Health Policy economics, Obesity prevention & control
- Abstract
The aim of the ACE-Obesity Policy study was to assess the economic credentials of a suite of obesity prevention policies across multiple sectors and areas of governance for the Australian setting. The study aimed to place the cost-effectiveness results within a broad decision-making context by providing an assessment of the key considerations for policy implementation. The Assessing Cost-Effectiveness (ACE) approach to priority-setting was used. Systematic literature reviews were undertaken to assess the evidence of intervention effectiveness on body mass index and/or physical activity for selected interventions. A standardised evaluation framework was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of each intervention compared to a 'no intervention' comparator, from a limited societal perspective. A multi-state life table Markov cohort model was used to estimate the long-term health impacts (quantified as health adjusted life years (HALYs)) and health care cost-savings resulting from each intervention. In addition to the technical cost-effectiveness results, qualitative assessments of implementation considerations were undertaken. All 16 interventions evaluated were found to be cost-effective (using a willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD50,000 per HALY gained). Eleven interventions were dominant (health promoting and cost-saving). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the non-dominant interventions ranged from AUD1,728 to 28,703 per HALY gained. Regulatory interventions tended to rank higher on their cost-effectiveness results, driven by lower implementation costs. However, the program-based policy interventions were generally based on higher quality evidence of intervention effectiveness. This comparative analysis of the economic credentials of obesity prevention policies for Australia indicates that there are a broad range of policies that are likely to be cost-effective, although policy options vary in strength of evidence for effectiveness, affordability, feasibility, acceptability to stakeholders, equity impact and sustainability. Implementation of these policies will require sustained co-ordination across jurisdictions and multiple government sectors in order to generate the predicted health benefits for the Australian population., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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45. Ataxia as the Major Manifestation of Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS): Case Series.
- Author
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Salcedo-Arellano MJ, Cabal-Herrera AM, Tassanakijpanich N, McLennan YA, and Hagerman RJ
- Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor and ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disease developed by carriers of a premutation in the fragile X mental retardation 1 ( FMR1) gene. The core clinical symptoms usually manifest in the early 60s, typically beginning with intention tremor followed by cerebellar ataxia. Ataxia can be the only symptom in approximately 20% of the patients. FXTAS has a slow progression, and patients usually experience advanced deterioration 15 to 25 years after the initial diagnosis. Common findings in brain imaging include substantial brain atrophy and white matter disease (WMD). We report three cases with an atypical clinical presentation, all presenting with gait problems as their initial manifestation and with ataxia as the dominant symptom without significant tremor, as well as a faster than usual clinical progression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was remarkable for severe brain atrophy, ventriculomegaly, thinning of the corpus callosum, and periventricular WMD. Two cases were diagnosed with definite FXTAS on the basis of clinical and radiological findings, with one individual also developing moderate dementia. Factors such as environmental exposure and general anesthesia could have contributed to their clinical deterioration. FXTAS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with ataxia, even in the absence of tremor, and FMR1 DNA testing should be sought in those with a family history of fragile X syndrome or premutation disorders.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. A Simple Monte Carlo Framework to Assess Suicide Risk in Adolescents: A Study at a High School in Colombia.
- Author
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Nino-Ruiz ED, Trejos-Herrera AM, Exposito-Concepcion MY, Rodriguez-Giraldo M, Consuegra-Ortega RS, and Guevara-Novoa C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Colombia, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Monte Carlo Method, Risk Factors, Adolescent Behavior, Suicidal Ideation, Suicide statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
It is very common to perform statistical tests to obtain insights about populations based on samples. For instance, in the context of psychology, when a set of instruments are applied to individuals, psychologists typically look for an explanation of particular psychological constructs (variables), such as personality, intelligence, or emotional functioning. It is common to cross statistical information from the results of different psychological tests to measure certain variables or to confirm prior beliefs. Here, we estimate the Joint Probability Density Function of suicide-related vulnerability and protective factors to assess suicide risk in adolescents. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method is employed to move away from the typical Gaussian assumption on data. This allows us to estimate probabilities of the development of suicidal ideation based on samples (which form a Markov chain). We employ our proposed statistical method at a high school in Colombia. The results reveal that adolescents can develop suicidal ideation as a consequence of the following factors, together with their corresponding probabilities: poor school performance 52%, low academic expectations 27%, school integration problems 68%, risky eating behaviors (binge-purge) 42%, risky eating behaviors (compensatory measurements) 21%, risky eating habits (restriction) 22%, and low family functionality 16%.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Fragile X associated neuropsychiatric disorders in a male without FXTAS.
- Author
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Cabal-Herrera AM, Saldarriaga-Gil W, Salcedo-Arellano MJ, and Hagerman RJ
- Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. In most cases, it is due to an expansion of the CGG triplet to more than 200 repeats within the promoter region of the FMR1 gene. In the premutation (PM) the trinucleotide is expanded to 55-200 repeats. PM carriers can present with disorders associated with the PM including fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and fragile X-associated ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI). Recently fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (FXAND) was proposed as an umbrella term to include the neuropsychiatric disorders that are more prevalent in PM carriers compared to the general population such as anxiety, depression, chronic fatigue, alcohol abuse, and psychosis, among others. The patient in our study was evaluated by a team of clinicians from the University del Valle in Cali who traveled to Ricaurte, a Colombian town known for being a genetic geographic cluster of FXS. A detailed medical history was collected and complete physical, neurological and psychiatric evaluations were performed in addition to molecular and neuroradiological studies. We report the case of a 78-year-old man, PM carrier, without FXTAS whose main clinical presentation consists of behavioral changes and psychosis. Brain imaging revealed white matter lesions in the periventricular region and mild cerebral atrophy. Although anxiety and depression are the most common neuropsychiatric manifestations in PM carriers, it is important to perform a complete psychiatric evaluation since some patients may present with behavioral changes and psychosis., (2020, International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio - Sciences Advancement.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Percutaneous bipolar radiofrequency of the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) for chronic pain relief in hip osteoarthrosis.
- Author
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Jaramillo S, Muñoz D, Orozco S, and Herrera AM
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) block for perioperative pain control in hip arthroscopy.
- Author
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Orozco S, Muñoz D, Jaramillo S, and Herrera AM
- Subjects
- Abdominal Muscles diagnostic imaging, Abdominal Muscles innervation, Adult, Bupivacaine administration & dosage, Female, Femoracetabular Impingement surgery, Femoral Nerve diagnostic imaging, Femoral Nerve drug effects, Hip Joint innervation, Humans, Lidocaine administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Pain, Postoperative diagnosis, Pain, Postoperative etiology, Psoas Muscles diagnostic imaging, Psoas Muscles innervation, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Analgesia methods, Arthroscopy adverse effects, Hip Joint surgery, Nerve Block methods, Pain, Postoperative prevention & control
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Deriving a Boolean dynamics to reveal macrophage activation with in vitro temporal cytokine expression profiles.
- Author
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Ramirez R, Herrera AM, Ramirez J, Qian C, Melton DW, Shireman PK, and Jin YF
- Subjects
- Models, Theoretical, Cytokines metabolism, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Macrophages show versatile functions in innate immunity, infectious diseases, and progression of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. These versatile functions of macrophages are conducted by different macrophage phenotypes classified as classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages due to different stimuli in the complex in vivo cytokine environment. Dissecting the regulation of macrophage activations will have a significant impact on disease progression and therapeutic strategy. Mathematical modeling of macrophage activation can improve the understanding of this biological process through quantitative analysis and provide guidance to facilitate future experimental design. However, few results have been reported for a complete model of macrophage activation patterns., Results: We globally searched and reviewed literature for macrophage activation from PubMed databases and screened the published experimental results. Temporal in vitro macrophage cytokine expression profiles from published results were selected to establish Boolean network models for macrophage activation patterns in response to three different stimuli. A combination of modeling methods including clustering, binarization, linear programming (LP), Boolean function determination, and semi-tensor product was applied to establish Boolean networks to quantify three macrophage activation patterns. The structure of the networks was confirmed based on protein-protein-interaction databases, pathway databases, and published experimental results. Computational predictions of the network evolution were compared against real experimental results to validate the effectiveness of the Boolean network models., Conclusion: Three macrophage activation core evolution maps were established based on the Boolean networks using Matlab. Cytokine signatures of macrophage activation patterns were identified, providing a possible determination of macrophage activations using extracellular cytokine measurements.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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