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Introducción: La enfermedad de COVID-19 ha sido una de las pandemias más perjudiciales para la humanidad, por lo cual, garantizar la adherencia a medidas preventivas y de control es fundamental. Esta adherencia depende en gran medida de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) de la población frente al COVID-19. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas hacia la prevención de COVID-19 y sus factores asociados en Oaxaca, México. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal y analítico, en mayores de edad a través de una encuesta en línea sobre CAP. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, y chi cuadrada o exacta de Fisher para comparaciones categóricas. Se analizaron los factores asociados a un mayor nivel de CAP calculando OR´s a través de regresión logística. Resultados: En total 176 personas participaron, de los cuales 82,42% fueron mujeres y 81,83% fueron

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito incrementar la eficiencia energética en el transporte de fluidos en la industria niquelífera mediante su modelaje y la resolución de un problema de optimización, donde los factores analizados son: contenido de sólidos, granulometría, composición química y temperatura, debido al escaso conocimiento de cómo estas variables influyen sobre la eficiencia energética de dicho equipamiento. A partir de estudios experimentales y mediante procedimientos estadísticos y estimadores se modela el comportamiento de los parámetros reológicos en función de la temperatura, contenido de sólidos y composición química. Se observa que las hidromezclas lateríticas presentan propiedades plásticas ajustándose a un modelo de Herschel Bulkley para plásticos reales. A partir de una apropiada discretización del modelo del sistema de bombeo de pulpa cruda y de la aplicación del procedimiento de optimización combinatoria se obtuvieron los parámetros de explotación de este sistema.

Introduction: The study aimed prevalence of primary and secondary headaches in children attending the Pain Clinic of Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of headaches in children at the Pain Clinic of the Hospital General de México. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, and observational study of pediatric patients between 5 and 17 years old at the Pediatric Algology service with a headache from January 1, 2012, to January 1, 2017. They were included and classified according to the type of headache, age, and gender. Results: During the time of the study, 4281 consultations were obtained with 526 patients with headaches. Twenty-three percent had primary headaches, most frequently migraine-type (18.25%) and secondary (12.54%) with vascular headache as the most frequent. Not included in any of these categories were the remaining 63.88% as under study. After 13 years of age, the most affected gender was female. Conclusions: Headaches are one of the most common complaints, the most frequent is primary. Its prevalence varies greatly and increases throughout childhood.

Introduction: Pain is a very common symptom in children who have a complex, chronic, life-threatening or life-limiting disease, generating a negative impact on the quality of life of the child and his or her family. There is very limited evidence regarding end-stage symptoms in pediatric patients receiving palliative care; Baumann et al. described in 2021 the presence of pain in 56% of their terminally ill patients. So far, there have been no studies in Latin America on the prevalence of pain in the last weeks of life in pediatric patients. Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of pain in the past 2 weeks of life in children who died in the Hospital in the past 5 years. Materials: A retrospective, observational, and longitudinal study was carried out in which the records of patients over 1 month of age and under 18 years of age who died in hospital were included. Results: The records of 98 patients who died during their in-hospital stay were obtained, of which 52 reported the presence of pain in their past 2 weeks of life. Most of the patients were teenagers; oncological pathologies were the most frequent. In less than half of the patients, the use of a tool to assess the intensity of pain was reported, with the verbal numerical scale being the most used. Severe pain was reported in nearly half of the patients, and in a quarter of the children, its intensity was not described. About 71.2% of the children were managed with opioids (alone or in combination with other drugs). Only a third of the subjects were evaluated by the Algology service Pediatric. Conclusions: Timely identification and treatment of pain, especially in terminal phases, is essential to reduce the suffering and agony of these patients. To this end, its assessment by the Pediatric Algology service can favor comprehensive management and adequate control of the symptom.

En la actualidad, las investigaciones sobre proyecto de vida recaen, sobre todo, en las etapas de la adolescencia y la adultez mayor, dejando un vacío en la adultez joven. La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, se trabajó con 13 personas que se dedican a la docencia e impartición de la asignatura de educación física en programas públicos de la Ciudad de México y en diferentes niveles educativos. La técnica fue una entrevista semiestructurada y el instrumento que se aplicó fue una guía de entrevista con base en las categorías: proyecto de vida, relaciones y desarrollo socioafectivo, metas y éxito. En los hallazgos, se identificó que las orientaciones de los proyectos de vida de las personas entrevistadas han sido instauradas y configuradas por las circunstancias vivenciales y por su contexto social, el cual ha permeado su estructura psicológica, pensamientos e ideales, sin embargo, no tienen estructurado ni escrito un proyecto de vida con objetivos concretos. El proyecto de vida no es un fin o medio para llegar a una meta, sino constituye una parte vital del ser humano.

The present research aims to select optimal areas for the installation of wind farms in the north-eastern part of Cuba. The research is based on the free software QGIS, Hierarchical Process Analysis, databases of the information of the alternatives and criteria and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which makes it possible to know the places where these farms will be installed. In addition, experts were consulted to obtain the weights or level of importance of the selected criteria, such as distance to ports, distances to common roads, distances to population centers, to electrical grids and finally the wind speed. As a result, a mathematical conceptual model was obtained for the selection of optimal zones for the installation of wind farms in the eastern north of Cuba, by means of the MCDM and GIS methods, where it was determined that, within the evaluated alternatives of wind farms, Gibara III is the optimal one. These models will allow the development of wind projects in the eastern region of Holguin, and to be able to manage human, financial and material resources.

IntroductionCOVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus notable for its rapid mutation rate, which has led to the emergence of various variants such as Delta and Omicron, each with potentially different levels of transmissibility and virulence. Therefore, this study aims to compare clinical charactheristics and markers associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients from western Mexico who were infected with the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 66 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, diagnosed by RT-qPCR. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified through whole genome sequencing using the COVIDseq platform from Illumina. Upon admission, patients underwent a clinical history assessment, blood gas analysis, and blood biometry. Additionally, several tests and markers were measured, including the percentage of neutralizing antibodies, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin.Results and discussionPatients hospitalized with the Omicron were found to be older, compared to those infected with the Delta (64 vs. 54 years, p = 0.006). Additionally, a higher proportion of male patients were observed in the Omicron compared to the Delta (p = 0.029). Both Omicron and Delta variants were associated with lymphopenia, although the lymphocyte count was lower in Omicron (0.9 vs. 0.56 10x3/L; p = 0.007). The COVID-GRAM scale indicated a high risk for severe disease in both groups, but the score was higher in Omicron compared to Delta (157 vs. 128 points; p = 0.0004). Patients infected with Omicron exhibited a lower percentage of neutralizing antibodies than those with Delta (35.99 vs. 81%; p < 0.05), regardless of their vaccination status. Among the markers assessed, globular ESR was found to be lower in Omicron compared to Delta (30.5 vs. 41.5 mm/h; p = 0.001), while ferritin levels were higher in patients infected with the Omicron (1,359 vs. 960.6 μg/L; p = 0.007). In patients with severe COVID-19, markers such as lymphopenia, neutralizing antibody levels, ferritin, and COVID-GRAM scores are elevated in the Omicron variant, while only the leukocyte count and ESR for the Delta variant.

IntroductionSelf-medication is a prevalent behavior with significant health implications. Understanding its psychosocial determinants can inform preventative strategies and interventions.MethodsWe evaluated the psychometric properties of the Self-Medication Behavior Inventory (SMBI-9) in a binational study with 779 Colombian and Mexican participants. Concurrent validity was assessed through correlations with related inventories, and confirmatory factor analysis tested the proposed four-factor model.ResultsThe SMBI-9 demonstrated high model fit (CFI = 0.995, TLI = 0.991) and invariance across countries. The factors-Social Influence, Attitude toward Medicine, Avoidance, and Prevention-varied significantly with knowledge of medicine, schooling, health insurance status and gender, underscoring the role of social and personal beliefs in self-medication practices.DiscussionSMBI-9 emerged as a reliable tool for capturing the multifaceted nature of self-medication behaviors. Findings highlight the influence of social norms and personal attitudes, suggesting targeted approaches for behavioral interventions.

Several studies with kaempferol (KP) and linearolactone (LL) have demonstrated their antiparasitic activity. However, the toxicity of these treatments is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the possible toxicological effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of KP or LL on the amoebic liver abscess model (ALA) in Mesocricetus auratus. An ALA was induced in male hamsters with 1.5 × 105Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica) trophozoites inoculated in the left hepatic lobe. The lesion evolved for 4 days, and then KP (5 mg/kg body weight/day) or LL (10 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered for 4 consecutive days. Then, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), paraclinical analyses, and necropsy for histopathological evaluation were performed. There was similar ALA inhibition by KP (19.42%), LL (28.16%), and metronidazole, the antiamoebic control (20.87%) (p ≤ 0.05, analysis of variance [ANOVA]). There were hepatic and renal biochemical alterations in all treatment groups, mainly for KP (aspartate aminotransferase: 347.5 ± 37.5 U/L; blood urea nitrogen: 19.4 ± 1.9 g/dL; p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Lesions found in the organs were directly linked to the pathology. In conclusion, KP and LL decreased ALA development and exerted fewer toxicological effects compared with metronidazole. Therefore, both compounds exhibit therapeutic potential as an alternative treatment of amoebiasis caused by E. histolytica. However, additional clinical studies in different contexts are required to reaffirm this assertion.

Recently, we published that the monoclonal antibody (D12 mAb) recognizes gp63 of L. mexicana, and it is responsible for COX activity. This D12 mAb exhibited cross-reactivity with Trypanosoma cruzi, Entamoeba histolytica, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and Naegleria fowleri. COX activity assays performed in these parasites suggested the potential presence of such enzymatic activity. In our investigation, we confirmed that wild-type recombinant gp63 exhibits COX-like activity, in contrast to a mutated recombinant gp63 variant. Consequently, our objective was to identify sequences orthologous to gp63 and subsequently analyze the binding of arachidonic acid (AA) to the putative active sites of these proteins. Given the absence of a crystallized structure for this protein in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), it was imperative to first obtain a three-dimensional structure by homology modeling, using leishmanolysin from Leishmania major (PDB ID: LML1) as a template in the Swiss model database. The results obtained through molecular docking simulations revealed the primary interactions of AA close to the Zinc atom present in the catalytic site of gp63-like molecules of several parasites, predominantly mediated by hydrogen bonds with HIS264, HIS268 and HIS334. Furthermore, COX activity was evaluated in commensal species such as E. dispar and during the encystment process of E. invadens.

This work focuses on the recovery of lead and silver from jarosite waste by a three-stage process: drying, roasting and reduction at 100 °C, 700 °C and 1400 °C, respectively. A flux mixture with 48 mass% CaO and 52% SiO2 was used for the reduction stage. A gas consisting of 70 vol% CO and 30 vol% CO2 was used as a reducing agent. To select the temperatures and the amount of flux and reducing agent, a characterization of the jarosite waste was carried out using thermogravimetry and high-temperature X-ray diffraction, as well as a thermodynamic study of the effects of the process parameters. The lead-rich metallic and slag phases were characterized by chemical analysis, SEM-EDS and XRD. In addition, the jarosite residue and the final slag were leached with an aqueous acetic acid solution to estimate their chemical stability. The results show a recovery of over 95% of the lead and silver and the formation of an environmentally friendly residual slag.

Purpose: This article develops a review of the university social responsibility literature to identify the most influential countries, authors, journals, and institutions, their structure, and research lines. Design/methodology/approach: The review was carried out from a bibliometric and network analysis of documents published in the Web of Science database. Findings: In total, 192 documents were found that were scientifically mapped in this field. From the network analysis, four research perspectives were identified: strategic impact management policy, user and its stakeholders, service-learning and its contribution to user, and theories, approaches, and strategies of University Social Responsibility (USR). Finally, the agenda for future research are presented. Originality/value: The present work carries out a bibliometric and network analysis that seeks to contribute to the literature on USR, identifying its current perspectives and future lines of research.

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disorder characterized by recurrent unilateral brief electric shock-like pains, abrupt in onset and termination, limited to the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve, and triggered by innocuous stimuli. The worldwide prevalence of TN is estimated to be 0.3%. The prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is assumed to be > 5% of the population. The study of the association of TN and TMD and their management with a repositioning splint is not enough, perhaps not studied yet. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to clinically observe the effectiveness of repositioning a splint in managing TN associated with TMD. Materials and methods: Thirty-three subjects fulfilled the selection criteria and were taken into consideration until a 4-month follow-up. The original sample enrolled 16 patients, but five declined the informed consent. Finally, 11 subjects were followed up until 4 months of clinical trial. Results: The use of splint had statistical differences and improved the visual analog scale scores and falling recurrent spasmodic attacks. In addition, the splint increases between 1.2 and 2.4 mm of the distance between the mandibular condyle and mandibular fossa. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the splint could be an option in managing TN associated with TMD.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Loxosceles spp are arthropods found worldwide. Its bite may produce cutaneous loxoscelism (necrotic or edematous) or cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism. Depending on their severity and location, cutaneous forms are managed with local cold application and systemic administration of antihistamines, corticosteroids, antibiotics, polymorphonuclear inhibitors, and analgesics. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report a case of cutaneous loxoscelism and to identify the main dermatological manifestations associated with the Loxosceles spp bite. DESIGN AND SETTING: This case report and literature review was conducted in a Mexican university. METHODS: A detailed report on the medical management of a patient with cutaneous loxoscelism treated at the emergency department of a public hospital was published. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify articles reporting cutaneous loxoscelism. The following keywords were used during the database search: “loxoscelism” OR “spider bite,” OR “loxosceles” OR “loxosceles species” OR “loxosceles venom” OR “loxoscelism case report” AND “cutaneous” OR “dermonecrotic arachnidism.” RESULTS: A 62-year-old female patient with cutaneous loxoscelism was treated with systemic dapsone and local heparin spray. Eighteen studies with 22 clinical cases were included in this systematic review. Of the 22 patients, 12 (54.5%) were men. L. rufescens was the predominant spider species. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of dapsone and heparin for the management of cutaneous loxoscelism demonstrated success in this case, with no sequelae observed. In general, the literature review indicated favorable outcomes in patients treated with antimicrobials and corticosteroids, with continuous healing of skin lesions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID CRD42023422424 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422424).

Introduction and aim: In recent years, probiotics have been used in functional gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic constipation (CC). The effect of Bifidobacterium infantis strain 35624 on the gut microbiota of CC patients has not been previously studied.Our aim was to analyze the fecal microbiota of constipated patients, before and after consuming a single-strain probiotic (B. infantis strain 35624). Materials and methods: We used 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing to analyze the fecal microbiota of female patients (n = 13) with CC. Patients were instructed to ingest one capsule of Alflorex® (containing 1 × 109 CFUs/g B. infantis strain 35624) daily for eight weeks. Fecal samples were obtained at the baseline and end (final) of probiotic administration. Results: Alpha diversity metrics did not differ between the baseline and final periods. The butyrate producer, Oscillospira, was the taxon most strongly correlated with amplicon sequence variants (R2 = 0.55, p

This article follows-up on our recently published work, which evaluated the impact of the addition of an alfalfa leaf-derived adsorbent in the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated diet in regard to the production parameters, blood cell count, serum biochemistry, liver enzymes, and liver histology of turkey poults. This paper presents complementary results on microbial community, ileal morphology, barrier function, and immunity. For this purpose, 350 1-day-old female turkey poults were randomly distributed into five groups: (1) Control, AFB1-free diet; (2) AF, AFB1-contaminated diet at 250 ng/g; (3) alfalfa, AFB1-free diet + 0.5% (w/w) adsorbent; (4) alfalfa + AF, AFB1-contaminated diet at 250 ng/g + 0.5% (w/w) adsorbent; and (5) YCW + AF, AFB1-contaminated diet at 250 ng/g + 0.5% (w/w) commercial yeast cell wall-based adsorbent (reference group). In general, in the AF group, the growth of opportunistic pathogens was promoted, which lead to gut dysbacteriosis, mainly influenced by Streptococcus lutetiensis. Conversely, a significant increase in beneficial bacteria (Faecalibacterium and Coprococcus catus) was promoted by the addition of the plant-based adsorbent. Moreover, the AF group had the lowest villus height and a compromised barrier function, as evidenced by a significant (p < 0.05) increase in fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d), but these negative effects were almost reversed by the addition of the alfalfa adsorbent. Furthermore, the AF + YCW and alfalfa + AF groups exhibited a significant increase in the cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity response compared to the rest of the experimental groups. Taken together, these results pointed out that the alfalfa counteracts the adverse effects of AFB1 in poults, facilitating the colonization of beneficial bacteria and improving the barrier function of the turkey poults.

Designers are increasingly confronted with challenges that have a wide social and political impact. In particular, we identify threats to people’s informational privacy as a worrying challenge for human beings. Scholars concerned with surveillance capitalism and society denounce that the massive extrapolation and use of people’s information leads to its commodification and jeopardizes the possibility for ‘data subjects’ to be really free and autonomous in their choices. According to commonly accepted paradigms of design ethics, designers are now called upon to tackle macro-issues with broad relevance for entire communities. Hence data privacy should be a concern for design and designers. Among design disciplines and practices, we identify service design as the practice that should naturally be more concerned with privacy for its focus on interactions, and because contemporary services necessarily involve the collection and processing of people’s data. This paper assesses the role of service designers in identifying preferred futures for privacy and designing accordingly. Building on a multidisciplinary literature review, the paper addresses an existing gap in service design. Moving from servitization scenarios, the paper creates a vital link between service design and informational privacy as a universal human idea. Expanding on contributions from ethics traditions and approaches, the paper sets the foundations of privacy ethics for service design. Within this framework, finally, this work discusses how service designers should define preferred futures for privacy and lead the creative process of designing ethically-minded solutions for privacy.

Metastatic malignancies of the oral cavity are rare lesions, accounting for only 1–4% of all oral malignancies, and can occur in the jaw bones, the oral soft tissues, or even both. Although hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary hepatic tumor, no more than 1% of the cases show oral involvement. When metastatic tumor involves the oral cavity, the most frequent site is the posterior angle of the mandible. Histologically, hence, immunohistochemical markers are used for diagnosis. Glypican-3 and HepPar1 are the markers that can be used to confirm the microscopic diagnosis of HCC. Very rarely, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasizes to the oral cavity, and such cases have a poor prognosis due to delay in diagnosis. We present a 74-year-old male with a metastasis of HCC in the left mandibular body as the first manifestation. Histologic examination confirmed metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in the oral mucosa with immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. A review of pertinent literature was performed. Given the rarity of the disease, treatment principles are based mainly on retrospective series and case reports. We report an exceptionally unusual presentation with few cases (