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1. Ageing with Smartphones in Uganda

Author

Hawkins, Charlotte

Subjects
smartphones, technology, ageing, Uganda, Africa, urban studies, anthropology, ethnography, SOCIOLOGY, MEDIA STUDIES, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies, thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTC Communication studies
Abstract

Ageing with Smartphones in Uganda is based on a 16-month ethnography about experiences of ageing in a neighbourhood in a diverse neighbourhood in Kampala, Uganda. It examines the impact of smartphones and mobile phones on older people’s health and everyday lives as part of the global 'Anthropology of Smartphones and Smart Ageing' project. In taking the lens of the smartphone to understand experiences of ageing in this context, the monograph presents the articulation and practice of ‘togetherness in the dotcom age’. Taking a ‘convivial’ approach, which celebrates multiple ways of knowing about social life, Charlotte Hawkins draws from these expressions about cooperative morality and modernity to consider the everyday mitigation of profound social change. ‘Dotcom’ is understood to encompass everything from the influence of social media to urban migration and lifestyles in the city, to shifts in ways of knowing and relating. At the same time, dotcom tools such as mobile phones and smartphones facilitate elder care through, for example, regular mobile money remittances. This book explores how dotcom relates to older people’s health, in particular their care norms, social standing, values of respect and relatedness, and intergenerational relationships – both political and personal. It also re-frames the youth-centricity of research on the city and work, new media and technology, politics and service provision in Uganda. Through ethnographic consideration of everyday life and self-formation in this context, the monograph seeks to contribute to an ever-incomplete understanding of how we relate to each other and to the world around us. Praise for Ageing with Smartphones in Uganda ‘Offering a fresh perspective on the lives of older people in Kampala, this book critically explores the intersection between aging, urbanism and technology, and acts as a clarion call for scholars, policymakers and researchers to understand the everyday lives of older people in Africa.’ Josiah Taru, Great Zimbabwe University

Published
2023
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3. Ageing with smartphones in Uganda : togetherness in the dotcom age

Author

Hawkins, Charlotte

Abstract

In taking the lens of the smartphone to understand experiences of ageing in a diverse neighbourhood in central Kampala, Uganda, this ethnography presents the articulation and practice of 'togetherness in the dotcom age'. Taking a situated and 'convivial' approach, which celebrates multiple and partial ways of knowing about sociality, the thesis draws from these vernacular concepts of cooperative morality and modernity to consider the everyday mitigation of wide-reaching social processes. Dotcom is understood to encompass everything from the influence of ICTs to urban migration and lifestyles in the city, to profound shifts in ways of knowing and relating. At the same time, dotcom tools such as mobile phones and smartphones facilitate elder care obligations despite distances, for example through regular mobile money remittances. Whilst phones are a global phenomenon, both the concept of dotcom and the way people creatively adapt and adopt their phones has to be understood in relation to specific contextual conditions. This thesis is concerned with how dotcom manifests in relation to older people's health, their care norms, their social standing, their values of respect and relatedness, and their intergenerational relationships - both political and personal. It thus re-frames the youth-centricity of research on the city and work, new media and technology, politics and service provision in Uganda. Through ethnographic consideration of everyday life and self-formation in this context, the thesis seeks to contribute to an ever-incomplete understanding of 'intersubjectivity', how we relate to each other and to the world around us.

Published
2021

4. The Global Smartphone

Author

Miller, Daniel, Abed Rabho, Laila, Awondo, Patrick, de Vries, Maya, Duque, Marília, Garvey, Pauline, Haapio-Kirk, Laura, Hawkins, Charlotte, Otaegui, Alfonso, Walton, Shireen, and Wang, Xinyuan

Subjects
ethnography, smartphones, ageing, new technology, anthropology, Italy, media studies, older people, cultural studies, popular culture, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology, thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTC Communication studies, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC1 Popular culture, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology, thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society
Abstract

The smartphone is often literally right in front of our nose, so you would think we would know what it is. But do we? To find out, 11 anthropologists each spent 16 months living in communities in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, focusing on the take up of smartphones by older people. Their research reveals that smartphones are technology for everyone, not just for the young. The Global Smartphone presents a series of original perspectives deriving from this global and comparative research project. Smartphones have become as much a place within which we live as a device we use to provide ‘perpetual opportunism’, as they are always with us. The authors show how the smartphone is more than an ‘app device’ and explore differences between what people say about smartphones and how they use them. The smartphone is unprecedented in the degree to which we can transform it. As a result, it quickly assimilates personal values. In order to comprehend it, we must take into consideration a range of national and cultural nuances, such as visual communication in China and Japan, mobile money in Cameroon and Uganda, and access to health information in Chile and Ireland – all alongside diverse trajectories of ageing in Al Quds, Brazil and Italy. Only then can we know what a smartphone is and understand its consequences for people’s lives around the world.

Published
2021
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7. Effects of End-of-Life Communication Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceived Behavioral Control on End-of-Life Communication Behaviors Among Nephrology Nurse Practitioners

Author

Payongayong, Joanne V., Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Jarrin, Olga F., Barberio, Judith, and Hain, Debra J.

Subjects
Chronic kidney failure -- Care and treatment -- Surveys, Clinical competence -- Surveys, Nurse and patient -- Surveys, Terminal care -- Surveys, Nurse practitioners -- Practice -- Psychological aspects -- Surveys, Health
Abstract

The scope of end-of-life communication is not well known among nephrology advanced practice nurses (APNs). Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, the study aimed to examine the independent effects of knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control on the engagement of APNs in end-of-life communication and the mediating and moderating effects of attitude and perceived behavioral control on the relationships between knowledge and end-of-life communication. A theoretically derived 17-item survey measuring the concepts was administered to a convenience sample of 127 APNs. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression were employed. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control on end-of-life communication mediated and moderated the relationship between knowledge of end-of-life communication and engagement in end-of-life communication among nephrology APNs. Key Words: Theory of Planned Behavior, end-of-life communication, advance care planning, end stage kidney disease, advanced practice nurse., The Institute of Medicine's (IOM, 2015) consensus report, Dying in America,, found that improving the quality and availability of medical and social services for patients and families could not only [...]

Published
2022
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8. The Growing Demand for Home Dialysis Therapies: Challenges and Potential Solutions

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Payne, Glenda M., and Bednarski, Donna

Subjects
Home care -- Methods -- Training, Chronic kidney failure -- Care and treatment, Home nursing -- Methods -- Training, Hemodialysis -- Methods -- Training, Nursing specialties -- Training, Registered nurses -- Practice -- Training -- Supply and demand, Health
Abstract

The End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment (ETC) Model, an aspect of the Advancing American Kidney Health Initiative implemented by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) in 2019, is designed to shift the predominant in-center hemodialysis dialysis model in the United States to a home dialysis model. This shift represents a monumental change in the treatment of end stage kidney failure and is occurring amid a strained nursing workforce. The CMS Conditions for Coverage for dialysis facilities mandate registered nurse responsibility for the conduct of patients' home dialysis training, and the current nursing shortage presents challenges because the need for nephrology nurses will increase to meet the growing demand for home dialysis during the ETC implementation period. As the ETC Model is implemented in randomly selected dialysis facilities across the United States, nephrology nurses must have leading roles as full partners with CMS and other stakeholders for the mutual determination of short- and long-term solutions for meeting the growing home dialysis training demands. Key Words: End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Model, Advancing American Kidney Health Initiative, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare Conditions for Coverage, end stage kidney failure, chronic kidney disease, patient care, home dialysis, hemodialysis, nursing shortage, patient safety, kidney replacement therapy., The amendment to the Social Security Act in 1972 created a Medicare entitlement for the treatment of kidney failure, including both dialysis and transplantation, and led to an expansion of [...]

Published
2022
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9. Mentoring Experiences of New Nontenured Faculty in Undergraduate Nursing: A Qualitative Study.

Author

Sandiford, Dione, Birnbaum, Shira, and Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte

Subjects
EMPLOYEE retention, AUDIT trails, NURSING school faculty, QUALITATIVE research, DATA analysis, INTERVIEWING, WORK environment, NURSING education, MENTORING, JUDGMENT sampling, EMAIL, THEMATIC analysis, COLLEGE teacher attitudes, RESEARCH methodology, EMPLOYEE promotions, SOCIAL networks, SOCIAL role change, PROFESSIONAL employee training, VIDEOCONFERENCING, MASTERS programs (Higher education), SOCIAL support, INDIVIDUAL development, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, PSYCHOLOGY of nurses, EMPLOYEES' workload, ACCESS to information
Abstract

Background: Mentoring is crucial for professional development and retention of newly hired nurse faculty, yet little is known about the actual mentoring experiences of clinical nurses in their first few years following transition into academic teaching. Method: Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 23 full-time nontenure-track faculty from 10 higher education institutions in seven states in the United States. All of the faculty were in the first 3 years of teaching in 4-year undergraduate nursing programs. Results: Five themes emerged: (1) chaotic work environments characterized by unpredictable workloads, absence of reliable support, and inconsistent access to information; (2) a de facto do-it-yourself system in which nurses pieced together their own support; (3) reliance on personal social networks; (4) yearning for real mentorship; and (5) future plans about staying in the role. Conclusion: A gap exists between widely touted recommendations about mentoring and the reality of mentoring for newly hired nontenure-track faculty. [J Nurs Educ. 2024;63(8):525–532.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Mental Health and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Nephrology Nurses: A Survey-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Montoya, Vicki, Donnini, Katie, Gauthier-Loiselle, Marjolaine, Sanon, Myrlene, Cloutier, Martin, Maitland, Jessica, Guerin, Annie, Dutka, Paula, Pryor, Lillian, Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Voegel, Arthur, Hoffmann, Mark, Savin, Samuel, Kurzman, Alissa, and Kear, Tamara

Subjects
Job stress -- Causes of -- Risk factors, Work environment -- Psychological aspects -- Health aspects, Burn out (Psychology) -- Causes of -- Risk factors, Nurses -- Social aspects -- Health aspects -- Psychological aspects, Quality of life -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Nephrology nurses face health and wellness challenges due to significant work-related stressors. This survey, conducted online between July 24 and August 17, 2020, assessed the psychological well-being of nephrology nurses in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 393). Respondents reported feeling burned out from work (62%), symptoms of anxiety (47% with Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7] scores [greater than or equal to] 5), and major depressive episodes (16% with Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ2] scores [greater than or equal to] 3). Fifty-six percent (56%) of survey respondents reported caring for COVID-19 patients, and 62% were somewhat or very worried about COVID-19. Factors, including high workload, age, race, and the COVID-19 pandemic, may partially explain the high proportion of nephrology nurses who reported symptoms of burnout, anxiety, and depression. Key Words: Nephrology nurses, mental health outcomes, health-related quality of life, mental health survey., Nephrology nurses provide complex technological care to large numbers of patients who have a substantial clinical burden (Li et al., 2018). This care can also involve providing long-term support to [...]

Published
2021

15. Registered Nurse Staffing, Workload, and Nursing Care Left Undone, and Their Relationships to Patient Safety in Hemodialysis Units

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Flynn, Linda, and Dillon, Jennifer

Subjects
Nursing research -- Surveys, Hemodialysis -- Surveys, Medical care -- Surveys, Nursing -- Surveys, Employee attitudes -- Surveys, Registered nurses -- Surveys, Nursing services, Setting (Literature), Nursing care, Patient care, Health
Abstract

Patient safety is an important foundation of high-quality care. Yet little is known regarding the effects of nursing indicators on patient safety in dialysis units. The purpose of this study was to examine interrelationships among registered nurse (RN) staffing, workload, nursing care left undone, and patient safety outcomes in hemodialysis settings. The sample consisted of 104 staff nurses who worked in hemodialysis facilities and completed a mailed survey. Low RN staffing, high RN workloads, and RN nursing care left undone were significantly associated with unsafe patient shift change periods and low safety ratings. Care left undone was an indirect pathway through which low RN staffing and high workloads impacted safety. Patient safety in hemodialysis units can be enhanced by ensuring adequate RN staffing and reasonable RN workloads, as well as redesigning responsibilities so RNs can complete necessary care activities. Key Words: Hemodialysis, nurse staffing, nurse workload, missed care, patient safety., [CE] 1.4 contact hours Almost 500,000 persons with end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States receive hemodialysis as a renal replacement therapy, with 98% receiving their hemodialysis in [...]

Published
2020
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16. The Perfect Storm: Stakeholder Perspectives on Factors Contributing to Hospital Admissions for Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis

Author

Clark-Cutaia, Maya N., Jarrin, Olga F., Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, and Hirschman, Karen B.

Subjects
Health care costs -- Analysis -- Economic aspects, Hemodialysis patients -- Care and treatment -- Economic aspects -- Analysis, Hospitalization -- Causes of -- Demographic aspects -- Prevention -- Economic aspects -- Analysis, Health care rationing -- Quality management -- Analysis -- Economic aspects, Transitional care -- Quality management -- Analysis -- Economic aspects, Chronic kidney failure -- Care and treatment -- Economic aspects, Hospital admission and discharge, Medical personnel, Hemodialysis, Kidney diseases, Health care industry, Medical research, Kidney failure, Diseases, Health
Abstract

Patients living with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing hemodialysis experience frequent hospitalizations associated with complications of care and exacerbations of illness. Efforts to reduce hospitalizations have had limited success. The purpose of this study was to explore why hospitalizations occur from the perspectives of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, their caregivers, and health care providers. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 21 patients living with ESRD, 10 caregivers, and three focus groups with health care professionals. Findings are discussed under four main themes: Graft site/Catheter/Access issues, 'My resistance is low,' 'I could not breathe,' and 'The perfect storm.' Results highlight the complexity of care and vulnerability of patients with ESRD. Further interprofessional research is needed to improve transitional care and care delivery for patient populations receiving hemodialysis. Key Words: Hospitalization, kidney failure (chronic), dialysis, hemodialysis, end stage renal disease., End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing public health concern in the United States, with nearly 750,000 adults treated for renal failure annually (United States Renal Data System [USRDS], [...]

Published
2020

17. Vegetation history and land use change over the past 10,000 years in three study areas of lowland Devon : the Blackdown Hills, the Clyst valley and the Hartland Peninsula

Author

Hawkins, Charlotte

Subjects
561.194235
Abstract

Recent studies within Devon have recognised the limitations of using upland pollen diagrams to infer vegetation change and land use in lowland landscapes. These studies provide a detailed record of local landscape histories within a lowland context during the mid-to-Iate Holocene. However, there remain considerable tracts of the lowland landscape for which little is known of the vegetation history and land use. This thesis presents the results from a palynological study (undertaken as part of the Community Landscapes Project) of three distinct physical landscapes in lowland Devon: the Clyst valley, the Blackdown Hills and the Hartland Peninsula. The study is significant because it has increased understanding of the lowland landscape and in particular has created local landscape histories in areas which have very little or no published material. The use of small pollen sites has allowed land use and vegetation history to be reconstructed on a local scale and has provided a comparison between other local environmental histories to suggest regional trends in land use. The study employs an holistic approach to land use and vegetation history using archaeological and historical sources (where possible) to provide a cultural context to the pollen diagrams and demonstrates that the use of archaeological and historical data can aid in the interpretation of lowland local pollen diagrams and in the creation of local landscape histories. The results suggest the early Holocene lowland landscape of Devon had more in common with the landscape of the southern lowlands of England than with upland areas of the South West. Multiple elm decline events occurred across the lowland landscape although the first appearance of cereal pollen appears to have occurred much later in the study areas. The nature and timing of mid-Holocene clearance was clearly asynchronous but once the agricultural landscape was established there appears to have been very little change in the vegetation history of all three study areas indicating the landscape oflowland Devon is remarkable in its continuity in the later Holocene. The Roman period is only visible in one of the study areas (Clyst valley) and there appears to be no evidence of Post Roman regeneration. There is also no indication of convertible husbandry during the Medieval period which is in direct contrast to the early Medieval landscapes elsewhere in Devon. The pollen profiles from this study have also suggested intra-regional variations in land use and vegetation history spaning both the prehistoric and historic periods and indicate that within large or distinct landscapes (such as the Blackdown Hills) whilst there is a general trend towards continuity there are also smaller pockets of environmentally and perhaps culturally distinct landscapes. Finally, this study also suggests care must be taken in undertaking palynological studies from lowland local sites because such sites may suffer from poor temporal resolution, complicated stratigraphy (both of which will affect radiocarbon dates) and may have been subject to peat cutting and dynamic hydrological processes throughout their history.

Published
2005

23. Bringing Ageing to Life: A Comparative Study of Age Categories.

Author

Hawkins, Charlotte and Haapio-Kirk, Laura

Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects of aging, LIFE course approach, ACTIVE aging, AGE distribution, RURAL conditions, INTERGENERATIONAL relations, ATTITUDES toward aging, COMPARATIVE studies, ETHNOLOGY research, FAMILY roles, METROPOLITAN areas, ETHNOLOGY
Abstract

This article offers a comparative ethnographic study of ageing as both category and experience. Drawing on simultaneous 16-month ethnographies conducted as part of the ASSA project, we focus on how ageing is being re-defined in eight contexts around the world, with particular focus on the authors' field sites: rural and urban settings in both Japan and Uganda. Despite being among the world's oldest and youngest populations, respectively, there are various affinities in both ethnographies of age and technology use related to the reconfiguration of family-care norms across distances. This shared finding informs the articulation of age categories, which we found to be negotiated in line with established intergenerational expectations and family roles. This paper is illustrated with ethnographic examples of how people redefine ageing in context and in turn bring 'age' to life, demonstrating the social significance of age categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Emphasizing the value of nephrology nursing through nursing-sensitive indicators: a call for action

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Latham, Carolyn E., and Hain, Debra J.

Subjects
Medical care -- Management, Quality of life -- Analysis, Nephrology -- Usage, Company business management, Health
Abstract

Nursing is the largest healthcare profession in the United States (U.S.). As principal frontline caregivers in the U.S. healthcare system, nurses have tremendous influence over a patient's healthcare experience. A growing body of evidence states that the nursing workforce has a direct impact on healthcare quality. A standardized approach to measuring nursing's contribution to patient care and safety using nursing-sensitive quality indicators assists in examining the extent to which nurses and nursing affect the quality and safety of health care. This article focuses on nursing-sensitive quality indicators and discusses healthcare quality indicators and nursing-sensitive indicators used in the U.S. A summary of the work of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association Task Force on Nephrology Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators (NNSQI) and an NNSQI exemplar are provided. Key Words: Patient care, patient safety, quality improvement. legislation, policy., The current healthcare focus on patient safety and quality of care, coupled with healthcare fiscal pressures and consumer expectations, requires that all healthcare providers demonstrate the quality of care delivered. [...]

Published
2017

27. The Global Smartphone : Beyond a youth technology

Author

Miller, Daniel, Rabho, Laila Abed, Awondo, Patrick, de Vries, Maya, Duque, Marília, Garvey, Pauline, Haapio-Kirk, Laura, Hawkins, Charlotte, Otaegui, Alfonso, Walton, Shireen, Wang, Xinyuan, Miller, Daniel, Rabho, Laila Abed, Awondo, Patrick, de Vries, Maya, Duque, Marília, Garvey, Pauline, Haapio-Kirk, Laura, Hawkins, Charlotte, Otaegui, Alfonso, Walton, Shireen, and Wang, Xinyuan

Published
2021
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28. Work environment characteristics valued by outpatient hemodialysis unit nurse managers

Author

Flynn, Linda, Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, and Bognar, Lora

Subjects
Hemodialysis patients -- Safety and security measures, Work environment -- Analysis, Nurses -- Practice, Health
Abstract

Competent nurse managers of outpatient hemodialysis (HD) units are invaluable in enhancing patient safety, creating a culture of safety, and preventing adverse events. Yet little is known regarding the characteristics of a professional work environment that supports their important managerial role. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify those organizational characteristics that outpatient HD unit nurse managers describe as important to a supportive managerial work environment. A total of six major themes with descriptive categories and exemplars emerged from the analysis. Findings from this study can inform HD administrators in their efforts to create and sustain work environments that support the professional practice of outpatient HD unit nurse managers. Notably, findings can also provide guidelines for nurse managers considering employment opportunities in that they can be used to assess and compare the work environments of outpatient HD facilities and organizations. Key Words: Outpatient hemodialysis, nurse managers, work environment., As the population ages, the number of United States residents receiving chronic outpatient hemodialysis (HD) is on the rise and expected to increase significantly over the coming years (United States [...]

Published
2016

31. Nurse manager safety practices in outpatient hemodialysis units

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Flynn, Linda, Lindgren, Teri G., and Weaver, Susan

Subjects
Patients -- Care and treatment, Managers -- Safety and security measures -- Analysis, Education -- Methods, Medical care -- Quality management, Hemodialysis -- Safety and security measures -- Analysis, Nurses -- Safety and security measures -- Analysis, Company business management, Health, Renal Physicians Association -- Safety and security measures -- Management
Abstract

Little is known regarding the specific managerial activities or best practices that nurse managers in outpatient hemodialysis settings use to achieve positive safely outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe specific managerial practices used by nurse managers in outpatient hemodialysis units to enhance patient safety and quality of care. A descriptive qualitative design was used. Seventeen nurse managers in outpatient hemodialysis units comprised the study sample. Telephone interviews were conducted, and qualitative content analysis was used to encode the data. Nurse managers identified patients, staff, the dialysis unit environment, and the dialysis organization as sources of safety risks. Nurse manager safety practices illuminated from the data were complex and multifaceted, and were aimed at reducing patient, staff, environmental, and organization risks. The findings from this study offer a description and a better understanding of the practices in which nurse managers in outpatient hemodialysis units engage to keep patients safe in their units, and they underscore the critical role of nurse managers in creating and maintaining patient safety within outpatient hemodialysis settings. Key Words: Patient safety, safety practices, nurse manager, hemodialysis., Goal To provide an overview of the critical role of nurse managers in creating and maintaining patient safety within outpatient hemodialysis settings. Objectives 1. Identify the challenges nurse managers in [...]

Published
2015

36. Cardioversion in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Observational study using prospectively collected registry data

Author

Pope, Marita Knudsen, Hall, Trygve S, Schirripa, Valentina, Radic, Petra, Virdone, Saverio, Pieper, Karen S, Le Heuzey, Jean-Yves, Jansky, Petr, Fitzmaurice, David A, Cappato, Riccardo, Atar, Dan, Camm, A John, Kakkar, Ajay K, Bassand, Jean-Pierre, Fox, Keith A A, Gersh, Bernard J, Goldhaber, Samuel Z, Goto, Shinya, Haas, Sylvia, Hacke, Werner, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Misselwitz, Frank, Turpie, Alexander G G, van Eickels, Martin, Verheugt, Freek W A, Luciardi, Hector Lucas, Gibbs, Harry, Brodmann, Marianne, Cools, Frank, Barretto, Antonio Carlos Pereira, Connolly, Stuart J, Eikelboom, John, Corbalan, Ramon, Jing, Zhi-Cheng, Nielsen, Jørn Dalsgaard, Ragy, Hany, Raatikainen, Pekka, Darius, Harald, Keltai, Matyas, Sawhney, Jitendra Pal Singh, Agnelli, Giancarlo, Ambrosio, Giuseppe, Koretsune, Yukihiro, Sánchez Díaz, Carlos Jerjes, Ten Cate, Hugo, Stepinska, Janina, Panchenko, Elizaveta, Lim, Toon Wei, Jacobson, Barry, Oh, Seil, Viñolas, Xavier, Rosenqvist, Marten, Steffel, Jan, Angchaisuksiri, Pantep, Oto, Ali, Parkhomenko, Alex, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Hu, Dayi, Chen, Kangning, Zhao, Yusheng, Zhang, Huaiqin, Chen, Jiyan, Cao, Shiping, Wang, Daowen, Yang, Yuejin, Li, Weihua, Li, Hui, Yin, Yuehui, Tao, Guizhou, Yang, Ping, Chen, Yingmin, He, Shenghu, Wang, Yong, Fu, Guosheng, Li, Xin, Wu, Tongguo, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Yan, Xiaowei, Zhao, Ruiping, Chen, Moshui, Xiong, Longgen, Chen, Ping, Jiao, Yang, Guo, Ying, Xue, Li, Yang, Zhiming, Jadhavm, Praveen, Sarma, Raghava, Kulkarni, Govind, Chandwani, Prakash, Pothiwala, Rasesh Atulbhai, Purayil, Mohanan Padinhare, Chawla, Kamaldeep, Kothiwale, Veerappa Annasaheb, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Vijan, Vinod Madan, Sawhney, Jitendra, Bantwal, Ganapathi, Khan, Aziz, Meena, Ramdhan, Chopada, Manojkumar, Abraham, Sunitha, Bisne, Vikas, Vijayaraghavan, Govindan, Roy, Debabrata, Durgaprasad, Rajashekhar, Shankar, A G Ravi, Kumar, Sunil, Jain, Dinesh, Bhargava, Kartikeya, Kumar, Vinay, Nagamalesh, Udigala Madappa, Rajput, Rajeeve Kumar, Kanamori, Seishu, Yamamoto, Kenichi, Kumagai, Koichiro, Katsuda, Yosuke, Yoshida, Keiki, Toyota, Fumitoshi, Mizuno, Yuji, Misumi, Ikuo, Noguchi, Hiroo, Ando, Shinichi, Suetsugu, Tetsuro, Minamoto, Masahiro, Oda, Hiroyuki, Adachi, Susumu, Chiba, Kei, Norita, Hiroaki, Tsuruta, Makoto, Koyanagi, Takeshi, Yamamoto, Kunihiko, Ando, Hiroshi, Higashi, Takayuki, Okada, Megumi, Azakami, Shiro, Komaki, Shinichiro, Kumeda, Kenshi, Murayama, Takashi, Matsumura, Jun, Oba, Yurika, Sonoda, Ryuji, Goto, Kazuo, Minoda, Kotaro, Haraguchi, Yoshikuni, Suefuji, Hisakazu, Miyagi, Hiroo, Kato, Hitoshi, Nakamura, Tsugihiro, Nakamura, Tadashi, Nandate, Hidekazu, Zaitsu, Ryuji, Fujiura, Yoshihisa, Yoshimura, Akira, Numata, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Jun, Kamogawa, Yasuyuki, Murakami, Kinshiro, Wakasa, Yutaka, Yamasawa, Masanori, Maekawa, Hiromitsu, Abe, Sumihisa, Kihara, Hajime, Tsunoda, Satoru, Saito, Katsumi, Tachibana, Hiroki, Oba, Ichiro, Kuwahata, Takashi, Higa, Satoshi, Gushiken, Masamichi, Eto, Takuma, Chibana, Hidetoshi, Fujisawa, Kazuaki, Shiga, Yuhei, Sumi, Hirokuni, Nagatomo, Toshihisa, Atsuchi, Yoshihiko, Nagoshi, Toshiro, Sanno, Kazuhisa, Hoshino, Fumihiro, Yokota, Naoto, Kameko, Masahiro, Tabuchi, Toshifumi, Ishizawa, Munesumi, Fujiura, Yoshitake, Ikeda, Daisuke, Seto, Taku, Iwao, Tetsu, Ishioka, Norio, Oshiro, Koichi, Tsuchida, Keizo, Hatori, Yutaka, Takeuchi, Motoshi, Takezawa, Hiroto, Nagano, Shinjiro, Iwaki, Masaaki, Nakamura, Yuichiro, Miyamoto, Naomasa, Taguchi, Toshifumi, Ashida, Ko, Yoshizawa, Naoto, Agata, Jun, Matsukawa, Seishiro, Arasaki, Osamu, Fukuoka, Shuji, Murakami, Hirofumi, Mishima, Kazuya, Hata, Yoshiki, Sakuma, Ichiro, Obunai, Kotaro, Takamura, Ichiro, Akutsu, Mitsuyuki, Unoki, Toshihide, Go, Yoshinori, Ikemura, Makoto, Morii, Shoji, Marusaki, Shigeru, Doi, Hideo, Tanaka, Mitsuru, Kusumoto, Takaaki, Kakinoki, Shigeo, Ogurusu, Chiga, Murata, Kazuya, Shimoyama, Masaki, Nakatsuka, Masami, Kitami, Yutaka, Nakamura, Yoichi, Oda, Hiroshi, Oyama, Rikimaru, Ageta, Masato, Mita, Teruaki, Nagao, Kazuhiko, Mito, Takafumi, Minami, Junichi, Abe, Mitsunori, Fujii, Masako, Okawa, Makoto, Fujito, Tsuneo, Taniguchi, Toshiya, Ko, Tenei, Kubo, Hiroshi, Imamaki, Mizuho, Akiyama, Masahiro, Ueda, Takashi, Odakura, Hironori, Inagaki, Masahiko, Katsube, Yoshiki, Nakata, Atsuyuki, Tomimoto, Shinobu, Shibuya, Mitsuhiro, Nakano, Masayuki, Ito, Kenichiro, Matsuta, Masahiro, Ishiguro, Motoyuki, Minagawa, Taro, Wada, Masamichi, Mukawa, Hiroaki, Mizuguchi, Masato, Okuda, Fumio, Kimura, Teruaki, Taga, Kuniaki, Techigawara, Masaaki, Igarashi, Morio, Watanabe, Hiroshi, Seo, Toshihiko, Hiramitsu, Shinya, Hosokawa, Hiroaki, Hoshiai, Mitsumoto, Hibino, Michitaka, Miyagawa, Koichi, Horie, Hideki, Sugishita, Nobuyoshi, Shiga, Yukio, Soma, Akira, Neya, Kazuo, Yoshida, Tetsuro, Akahane, Kunio, Adachi, Sen, Takanaka, Chiei, Matsui, Saori, Kanda, Hirofumi, Kaneko, Masanori, Nagasaka, Shiro, Taguchi, Atsushi, Toru, Shuta, Saito, Kazuyuki, Miyashita, Akiko, Sasaguri, Hiroki, Nariyama, Jin, Hatsuno, Taketo, Iwase, Takash, Sato, Kazuki, Kawai, Kazuya, Kotani, Tomobumi, Tsuji, Tsuyoshi, Sakai, Hirosumi, Nishino, Kiyoshi, Ikeda, Kenichi, Maeda, Kazuo, Shinozuka, Tomohiro, Inoue, Takeshi, Kawakami, Koichi, Kitazumi, Hiromichi, Takagi, Tsutomu, Hamaoka, Mamoru, Kojima, Jisho, Sasaki, Akitoshi, Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro, Betsuyaku, Tetsuo, Higuchi, Koji, Honda, Masaaki, Hasegawa, Koichi, Baba, Takao, Mineoi, Kazuaki, Koeda, Toshihiko, Hirasawa, Kunihiko, Kumazaki, Toshihide, Nakagomi, Akira, Otaki, Eiji, Shindo, Takashi, Hirayama, Hiroyoshi, Sugimoto, Chikako, Yamagishi, Takashi, Mizuguchi, Ichiro, Sezaki, Kazunori, Niwa, Isamu, Takenaka, Ken, Iiji, Osamu, Taya, Koichi, Kitazawa, Hitoshi, Ueda, Samu, Kakuda, Hirokazu, Ono, Takuya, Oriso, Seizo, Kamata, Junya, Nanke, Toshihiko, Maeda, Itaru, Matsuura, Yoshifusa, Teragawa, Hiroki, Maruyama, Yasuyuki, Takei, Kazuo, Horie, Hajime, Kito, Tetsutaro, Asano, Hiroshi, Matsushita, Koji, Nakamura, Masaichi, Washizuka, Takashi, Yoshida, Tomoki, Sawano, Masato, Arima, Shinichi, Arai, Hidekazu, Shinohara, Hisanori, Takai, Hiroyuki, Furukawa, Nobufusa, Ota, Akira, Yamamoto, Kentaro, Aoki, Kenji, Yamamoto, Taku, Kasai, Takeaki, Suzuki, Shunji, Suzuki, Shu, Shibata, Nitaro, Watanabe, Masayuki, Nishihata, Yosuke, Arino, Toru, Okuyama, Masaki, Wakiyama, Tetsushi, Kato, Tomoko, Sasagawa, Yasuo, Tana, Takeshi, Hayashi, Yoshihito, Hirota, Shinichi, Abe, Yukihiko, Saito, Yoshihiro, Uchiyama, Hirohide, Takeda, Hiroshi, Ono, Hiroshi, Tohyo, Shuichi, Hanazono, Naoto, Miyajima, Seiichi, Shimono, Hisashi, Aoyama, Takuma, Shozawa, Yasunobu, Niijima, Yawara, Murai, Osamu, Inaba, Hideko, Nomura, Katsumasa, Nozoe, Masatsugu, Suzuki, Kazuo, Furukawa, Toshiyuki, Shiraiwa, Toshihiko, Ito, Nobuhisa, Nagai, Shunichi, Sato, Kiyoharu, Nakahara, Shiro, Shimoyama, Yujin, Ohara, Naoko, Kozuka, Teruhiko, Okita, Hideaki, Endo, Masato, Goto, Tsutomu, Hirose, Makoto, Nagata, Emiko, Nakanishi, Noriyuki, Mori, Toshizumi, Seki, Shuichi, Okamoto, Katsuhiro, Moriai, Osamu, Emura, Yoko, Fukuda, Tsuyoshi, Date, Haruhiko, Kawakami, Shuichi, Nagai, Sho, Ueyama, Yuya, Fudo, Tetsuro, Imaizumi, Mitsuru, Ogawa, Takuo, Take, Shunsuke, Ikeda, Hideo, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Sakamoto, Norihiko, Ikeoka, Kiyomitsu, Wakaki, Nobuo, Abe, Masatake, Doiuchi, Junji, Kira, Tetsuya, Tada, Masato, Tsuzaki, Ken, Miura, Naoya, Fujisawa, Yasuaki, Furumoto, Wataru, Suzuki, Susumu, Fujisawa, Akinori, Nakamura, Ryosai, Komatsu, Hiroyasu, Fujiki, Rei, Kawano, Shuichi, Nishizawa, Keijiro, Kato, Yoji, Azuma, Junya, Yasui, Kiyoshi, Amano, Toshio, Sekine, Yasuhiro, Honzawa, Tatsuo, Koshibu, Yuichiro, Sakamoto, Yasuhide, Seta, Yukihiro, Miyaguchi, Shingo, Morishita, Kojuro, Samejima, Yasuko, Sasaki, Toyoshi, Iseki, Fumiko, Kobayashi, Toshiyuki, Kano, Hiroshi, Kim, Jaeyoung, Yamaguchi, Hiroshi, Takagi, Yoichi, Pearce, Yoko Onuki, Suzuki, Yasuyuki, Fukui, Takayuki, Nakayama, Toru, Kanai, Hideaki, Kawano, Yoshiyuki, Ino, Tetsuji, Miyoshi, Hironori, Miyamoto, Yasufumi, Shigekiyo, Masahito, Ono, Shimato, Okamoto, Yutaka, Ubukata, Satoshi, Kodera, Kojiro, Oriuchi, Tatsuo, Matsumoto, Naoki, Inagaki, Koichi, Iseki, Atsushi, Yoshida, Tomohiro, Goda, Toshihiro, Katsuki, Tsukasa, Sato, Atsushi, Mori, Etsuo, Tsubokura, Toshio, Shudo, Hiroshi, Fujimoto, Shunichi, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Furukawa, Yoshiyuki, Hosokawa, Hiroshi, Narumi, Jun, Yamamoto, Kiichiro, Owari, Masaki, Inakura, Takuya, Anno, Takafumi, Shirakawa, Kazuyuki, Ching, Chi Keong, Foo, David, Wong, Kelvin, Yuyang, Tan, Park, Hui Nam, Kim, Woo-Shik, Lee, HyeYoung, Jang, Sung-Won, Kim, Dae Hyeok, Kim, Jun, Ryu, DongRyeol, Shim, Jaemin, Kim, Dae-Kyeong, Choi, Dong Ju, Oh, Yong Seog, Cho, Myeong-Chan, Kim, Hack-Lyoung, Jeon, Hui-Kyung, Shin, Dong-Gu, Park, Sang Weon, Park, Hoon Ki, Han, Sang-Jin, Sung, Jung Hoon, Park, Hyung-Wook, Nam, Gi-Byoung, On, Young Keun, Lim, Hong Euy, Kwak, JaeJin, Cha, Tae-Joon, Hong, Taek Jong, Park, Seong Hoon, Yoon, Jung Han, Kim, Nam-Ho, Kim, Kee-Sik, Jung, Byung Chun, Hwang, Gyo-Seung, Kim, Chong-Jin, Rungaramsin, Sakda, Katekangplu, Peerapat, Khunrong, Porames, Bunyapipat, Thanita, Wongcharoen, Wanwarang, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Siriwattana, Khanchai, Tiyanon, Waraporn, Pattanaprichakul, Supalerk, Likittanasombat, Khanchit, Cholsaringkarl, Doungrat, Boonyapisit, Warangkana, Cheewatanakornkul, Sirichai, Silaruks, Songkwan, Hutayanon, Pisit, Chawanadelert, Seksan, Chattranukulchai, Pairoj, Chatlaong, Boonsert, Santanakorn, Yingsak, Kanokphatcharakun, Khompiya, Mongkolwongroj, Piya, Jai-Aue, Sasivimon, Komson, Ongkarn, Altun, Armagan, Aydinlar, Ali, Topsakal, Ramazan, Ongen, Zeki, Acikel, Sadik, Sahin, Durmus Yildiray, Yilmaz, Ozcan, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Pekdemir, Hasan, Demir, Mesut, Sucu, Murat, Sahiner, Levent, Ersanli, Murat, Okuyan, Ertugrul, Aras, Dursun, Rolandi, Florencia, Ingaramo, Adrian Cesar, Sambadaro, Gustavo Alberto, Caputi, Vanina Fernandez, Luciardi, Hector, Berman, Sofia Graciela, Dragotto, Pablo, Kleiban, Andres Javier, Centurion, Nestor, Guerrero, Rodolfo Andres Ahuad, Di Paola, Leonel Adalberto, Dran, Ricardo Dario, Egido, Javier, Fosco, Matias Jose, Sinisi, Victor Alfredo, Cartasegna, Luis Rodolfo, Vilamajo, Oscar Gomez, Ramos, Jose Luis, Sassone, Sonia, Zapata, Gerardo, Conde, Diego, Giacomi, Guillermo, Fernandez, Alberto Alfredo, Berli, Mario Alberto, Ferroni, Fabian, Filho, Dário Celestino Sobral, Jaber, Jefferson, Armaganijan, Luciana Vidal, Costantini, Costantino Roberto Frack, Steffens, André, de Souzaem, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso, de Souza Neto, João David, Ribeiro, José Márcio, Teixeira, Marcelo Silveira, Rossi, Paulo, Pires, Leonardo, Moreira, Daniel, Jorge, José Carlos Moura, Filho, Adalberto Menezes Lorga, Bodanese, Luiz, Montera, Marcelo Westerlund, Del Carlo, Carlos Henrique, Saad, Jamil Abdalla, Alves da Costa, Fernando Augusto, Lopes, Renato, de Araújo, Gilson Roberto, Manenti, Euler Roberto, Saraiva, Jose Francisco Kerr, Braga, João Carlos Ferreira, Negri, Alexandre, Moncada, Carlos, Precoma, Dalton, 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Muñoz, Ernesto Cardona, Hernandez, Norberto Matadamas, Rendon, Adolfo Leyva, Hernandez, Norberto Garcia, de los Rios Ibarra, Manuel, Carrillo, Luis Ramon Virgen, Villezca, David Lopez, Herrera, Carlos Hernandez, Lopez Prieto, Juan Jose, Rodriguez, Rodolfo Gaona, Espinosa, Efrain Villeda, Martinez, David Flores, Barcena, Jose Velasco, Fierro, Omar Fierro, Briones, Ignacio Rodriguez, Leiva Pons, Jose Luis, Lopez, Humberto Alvarez, Ruiz, Rafael Olvera, Brito, Carlos Gerardo Cantu, Valenzuela, Eduardo Julian Jose Roberto Chuquiure, Sanchez, Roxana Reyes, Bazzoni Ruiz, Alberto Esteban, Lopez Ruiz, Oscar Martin, Nava, Roberto Arriaga, Morales Cerda, Jesus David, Campos, Pedro Fajardo, Gonzalez, Mario Benavides, Lenz, Kurt, Hagn, Claus, Foechterle, Johannes, Drexel, Heinz, Huber, Kurt, Podczeck-Schweighofer, Andrea, Winkler, Michael, Schneeweiss, Bruno, Gegenhuber, Alfons, Lang, Wilfried, Eichinger-Hasenauer, Sabine, Kaserer, Peter, Sykora, Josef, Rasch, Heribert, Strohmer, Bernhard, Capiau, Luc, Vervoort, Geert, Wollaert, Bart, Hollanders, Geert, Vercammen, Jan, Faes, Dirk, Balthazar, Yohan, Delforge, Marc, Xhaet, Olivier, Striekwold, Harry, Thoeng, John, Hermans, Kurt, Mairesse, Georges, Anné, Wim, Blankoff, Ivan, Beutels, Michel, Verstraete, Stefan, Vandergoten, Peter, Purnode, Philippe, Godart, Pascal, Boussy, Tim, Desfontaines, Philippe, Heyse, Alex, Voet, Joeri, De Wolf, Axel, Zidkova, Eva, Spacek, Rudolf, Machova, Vilma, Ludka, Ondrej, Olsr, Josef, Kotik, Lubos, Racz, Blazej, Ferkl, Richard, Hubac, Jan, Kotik, Ilja, Monhart, Zdenek, Burianova, Hana, Jerabek, Ondrej, Pisova, Jana, Petrova, Iveta, Dedek, Vratislav, Honkova, Michaela, Podrazil, Petr, Reichert, Petr, Spinar, Jindrich, Novak, Miroslav, Durdil, Vaclav, Plocova, Katarina, Lastuvka, Jiri, Nielsen, Jørn, Husted, Steen, Dominguez, Helena, Hintze, Ulrik, Rasmussen, Søren, Sygehus, Næstved, Bremmelgaard, Arne, Markenvard, John, Børger, Jan, Solgaard, Jorgen, Eriksen, Ebbe, Løkkegaard, Thomas, Bruun, Michael, Mertz, Jacob, Schou, Morten, Olsen, Michael, Airaksinen, K E Juhani, Paganelli, Franck, Ohayon, Joël, Casassus, Frédéric, Galinier, Michel, Gottwalles, Yannick, Loiselet, Philippe, Muller, Jean-Joseph, Koujan, Mohamed Bassel, Marquand, André, Destrac, Sylvain, Piot, Olivier, Delarche, Nicolas, Cebron, Jean-Pierre, Guenoun, Maxime, Guedj-Meynier, Dominique, Lokesh, A G, Zuber, Mathieu, Amarenco, Pierre, Ellie, Emmanuel, Kadouch, James, Fournier, Pierre-Yves, Huberman, Jean-Pierre, Lemaire, Nestor, Rodier, Gilles, Vandamme, Xavier, Sibon, Igor, Neau, Jean-Philippe, Mahagne, Marie Hélène, Mielot, Antoine, Bonnefoy, Marc, Churet, Jean-Baptiste, Navarre, Vincent, Sellem, Frederic, Monniot, Gilles, Boyes, Jean-Paul, Doucet, Bernard, Martelet, Michel, Obadia, Désiré, Crousillat, Bernard, Mouallem, Joseph, Bearez, Etienne, Brugnaux, Jean Philippe, Fedorowsky, Alain, Nazeyrollas, Pierre, Berneau, Jean-Baptiste, Chemin, Frédéric, Schellong, Sebastien, Koeniger, Georg, Kopf, Andreas, Gerbaulet, 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Mauro, Raisaro, Arturo, Fattore, Luciano, Mauric, Andrea, Germini, Fabrizio, Tedeschi, Luca, Settimi, Maria, Nicoli, Sergio, Ricciarini, Paolo, Argena, Antonio, Ronchini, Paolo, Bulla, Claudio, Tradati, Filippo, Volpe, Massimo, D’Avino, Maria, Bongiorni, Maria Grazia, Severi, Silva, Capucci, Alessandro, Lodigiani, Corrado, Salomone, Enrico, Serviddio, Gaetano, Tondo, Claudio, Golino, Paolo, Mazzone, Carmine, Iacopino, Saverio, ten Cate, Hugo, Ruiter, J H, Lucassen, Andreas, Adriaansen, Henk, Bongaerts, Maarten, Pieterse, Mathijs, van Guldener, Coen, Herrman, Johannes, Nierop, S H K P R, Hoogslag, Pieter, Hermans, Walter, Groenemeijer, B E, Terpstra, W, Buiks, Cees, Boersma, L V A, Berge, Eivind, Sirnes, Per Anton, Gjertsen, Erik, Hole, Torstein, Erga, Knut, Hallaråker, Arne, Skjelvan, Gunnar, Østrem, Anders, Ghezai, Beraki, Svilaas, Arne, Christersson, Peter, Øien, Torbjørn, Henrichsen, Svein Høegh, Otterstad, Jan Erik, Berg-Johansen, Jan, Gieroba, Andrzej, Biedrzycka, Malgorzata, 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Bayo i Llibre, Joan, Vicente, Cecilia Corros, Gutierrez, Manuel Vida, Gonzalo, Francisco Epelde, Almeida Fernandez, Carlos Alexandre, Navarro, Encarnacion Martinez, Alia, Juan Jose Montero, Gonzalez, Maria Barreda, Oliva, Maria Angels Moleiro, Sanmartin, Jose Iglesias, Gonzalez, Mercedes Jimenez, Alvarez, Maria del Mar Rodriguez, Melenchon, Juan Herreros, Vera, Tomas Ripoll, Navarro, Manuel Jimenez, Caamano, Maria Vazquez, Arcocha Torres, Maria Fe, Gomez, Gonzalo Marcos, Romo, Andres Iniguez, Prieto Diaz, Miguel Angel, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Wirdby, Alexander, Lindén, Jan, Henriksson, Kerstin, Elmersson, Micael, Egilsson, Arnor, Börjesson, Ulf, Svärd, Gunnar, Liu, Bo, Lindh, Anders, Olsson, Lars-Bertil, Gustavsson, Mikael, Andersson, Lars, Benson, Lars, Bothin, Claes, Hajimirsadeghi, Ali, Martinsson, Björn, Ericsson, Marianne, Ohlsson, Åke, Lindvall, Håkan, Svensson, Peter, Thörne, Katarina, Händel, Hans, Platonov, Pyotr, Bernsten, Fredrik, Timberg, Ingar, Crisby, Milita, Karlsson, Jan-Erik, Andersson, Agneta, Malmqvist, Lennart, Engdahl, Johan, Thulin, Jörgen, Hot-Bjelak, Aida, Jensen, Steen, Stalby, Per, Debrunner, Johann, Beer, Juerg H, Shah, Dipen, Rudyk, Iurii, Tseluyko, Vira, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Zhurba, Svitlana, Kraiz, Igor, Parkhomenko, Oleksandr, Kupnovytska, Iryna, Seredyuk, Nestor, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Ushakov, Oleksiy, Koval, Olena, Kovalskiy, Igor, Svyshchenko, Yevgeniya, Sychov, Oleg, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Tykhonova, Susanna, Fushtey, Ivan, Murdoch, Will, Chauhan, Naresh, Goodwin, Daryl, Lumley, Louise, Patel, Ramila, Saunders, Philip, Wong, Bennett, Cameron, Alex, Patel, Niranjan, Jhittay, P, Ross, Andrew, Kainth, M S, Ladha, Karim, Douglas, Kevin, Pickavance, Gill, McDonnell, Joanna, Handscombe, Laura, Gooding, Trevor, Wagner, Helga, Bradshaw, Colin, Bromham, Catherine, Jones, Kevin, Suryani, Shoeb, Coates, Richard, Sarai, Bhupinder, Willcock, W, Sircar, S, Cairns, John, Gilliand, A, Bilas, Roman, Strieder, E, Hutchinson, Peter, Wakeman, Anne, Stokes, Michael, Kirby, Graham, Vishwanathan, Bhaskhar, Bird, Nigel, Evans, Paul, Clark, M, Bisatt, John, Litchfield, Jennifer, Fisher, E, Fooks, Tim, Kelsall, Richard, Paul, Neil, Alborough, Elizabeth, Aziz, Michael, Ramesh, C, Wilson, Pete, Franklin, Simon, Fairhead, Sue, Thompson, Julian, Chowan, Hasan, Taylor, Gary, Tragen, Dawn, Parfitt, Matt, Seamark, Claire, Paul, Carolyn, Richardson, Mark, Jefferies, Angus, Sharp, Helen, Jones, Hywel, Giles, Claire, Bramley, Matthew, Williams, Philip, Aldegather, Jehad, Wetherell, Simon, Lumb, William, Evans, Phil, Scouller, Frances, Macey, Neil, Rogers, Stephen, Stipp, Yvette, West, Richard, Pinney, Philip, Wadeson, Paul, Matthews, John, Pandya, Preeti, Gallagher, Andrew, Railton, T, Davies, Emyr, McClure, Jonathan, Jacobs, Marc, Hutton, Claire, Thompson, R, Sinha, Bijoy, Butter, Keith, Barrow, Susan, Little, Helen, Russell, David, Choudhary, Ulka, Haq, Ikram, Ainsworth, Paul, Jones, Claire, Weeks, Phil, Eden, Jane, Gibbons, Lisa, Glencross, Janet, MacLeod, Alison, Poland, K, Mulolland, Conor, Warke, A, Conn, Paul, Burns, D, Smith, R, Kamath, R, Webster, Jonathan, Hodgins, Ian, Vercoe, Stephen, Roome, Paul, Pinnock, Hilary, Patel, Jayesh, Ali, Amar, Hart, Nigel, Davies, Richard, De-Sousa, Nigel, Neden, Catherine, Danielsen, Mark, Sharma, Purnima, Galloway, Sophia, Hawkins, Charlotte, Oliver, Raife, Aylward, Martin, Pattni, Mira, Irvine, Gordon, Ahmad, Shahid, Rothwell, Catherine, Choudhary, Fiaz, Khalaque, Sabrina, Short, Stephanie, Peters, Sharon, Coulson, Warwick, Roberts, Neil, Butler, Amy, Coates, Steven, Ward, Ben, Jackson, Daniel, Walton, Steve, Shepherd, Diane, Wong, Toh, Boon, Mark, Deacon, Melanie, Cornelius, David, Davies, Sarah, Frankel, Ben, Hargreaves, Nick, Choi, Henry, Sumner, Jon, Myhill, Tim, Estifanos, Salah, Geatch, Diane, Wilkinson, Justin, Veale, Richard, Forshaw, Karen, Hirst, Rob, Zaman, Kashif, Liley, Catherine, Wastling, Rebecca, McEleny, Paul, Beattie, Andre, Cooke, Philip, Wong, Mike, Pugsley, Mark, Dooldeniya, Chaminda, Rogers, Greg, Bennett, James, Jacobs, Polly, Muvva, Rajesh, Adam, Matthew, Fox, Robin, Thomas, Nicolas, Cartwright, Simon, Reed, Rory, Randfield, Simon, A’Court, Christine, Flynn, Ann, Halpin, Andrew, Dobson, Simon, Lomax, Louise, Nadaph, Minnal, Munro, Iain, Goram, Jane, Stoddart, Helen, Simmons, Phil, Shewring, John, Bowen-Simpkins, Emma, Rickenbach, Mark, Blenkhorn, Adam, Singh, Bhuwanendu, Astridge, Penny, van Gaal, William, Abhayaratna, Walter, Thomson, Philip, Lehman, Ron, Kilian, Jens, Coulshed, David, Catanchin, Andrei, Colquhoun, David, Kiat, Hosen, Eccleston, David, French, John, Ayres, Bronte, Blombery, Peter, Phan, Thanh, Rogers, James, O’Donnell, David, Bae, Sang Cheol, Carroll, Patrick, Starmer, Greg, Arstall, Margaret, Binnekamp, Maurits, Lee, Astin, Luton, Robert, Gupta, Milan, Pandey, Amritanshu Shekhar, Cheung, Stephen, Leader, Rolland, Beaudry, Philippe, Ayala-Paredes, Félix, Berlingieri, Joseph, Heath, John, Poirier, Germain, du Preez, Miranda, Schweitzer, Bradley, Nadeau, Reginald, Dhillon, Ripple, Hruczkowski, Tomasz, Lavoie, Andrea, Parkash, Ratika, Cha, James, Coutu, Benoit, MacDonald, Paul, Ramjattan, Brian, Bonet, Jorge, Vizel, Saul, Angaran, Paul, Fikry, Sameh, Mowafy, Ahmed, Katta, Azza, Tawfik, Mazen, Nawar, Moustafa, Sobhy, Mohamed, Abou Seif, Seif Kamal, Khairy, Tarek, El-Aziz, Ahmed Abd, Taha, Nasser, Reda, Ashraf, Elbahry, Atef, Setiha, Mohamed, El Din, Mohamed Gamal, Elkhadem, Magdi, El-Etreby, Adel, Kettles, David, Bayat, Junaid, Siebert, Heidi, Horak, Adrian, Kelfkens, Ynez, Garda, Riaz, Pillay, Thayabran, Guerra, Michele, van Zyl, Louis, Theron, Hendrik, Murray, Andrew, Louw, Rikus, Greyling, Deon, Mntla, Pindile, Ismail, Siddique, Ahmed, Fayzal, Engelbrecht, Johannes, Maharajh, Shambu, Oosthuysen, Wessel, Loghdey, Rehana, Ueckermann, Veronica, Al Naeemi, Abdullah, Yousef, Ghazi, Bazargani, Nooshin, AlOmairi, Munther, Maruthanayagam, Rajan, Singh, Rupesh, Naguib, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Agrawal, Amrish, Nathani, Mukesh, Esheiba, Ehab M, Wassef, Adel, Gupta, Rajeev, Cox, Michael, Beach, Scott, Duffy, Peter, Falkowski, Stephen, Ferrick, Kevin, Franco, Miguel, Kutayli, W Michael, Quick, Annette, Sharma, Niraj, Wilson, Vance, Miller, Stephen, Alberts, Mark, Blumberg, Edwin, Canosa, Roddy, Gutowski, Ted, Ison, Rodney, Garcia, Jorge, Mullen, Paul, Noveck, Howard, Rama, Pamela, Reddy, Rajneesh, Williams, Marcus, Nishijima, Daniel, Ferdinand, Keith, Haque, Ihsan, Mendelson, Robert, Pitta, Sridevi, Theodoro, Daniel, Treasure, Charles, Moustafa, Moustafa, Cader, Cas, Pharr, Walter, Oropallo, Alisha, Platt, George, Gujral, Jaspal, Welker, James, and Koura, Firas

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Electric Countershock, Therapeutics, Cardioversion, Lower risk, Cause of Death, Internal medicine, Atrial Fibrillation, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Registries, Propensity Score, Stroke, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Research, Anticoagulant, Hazard ratio, Atrial fibrillation, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Propensity score matching, Cardiology, Female, business, RC
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up. Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up. Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. CONCLUSION In this large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation, a small proportion were treated with cardioversion. Direct current cardioversion was performed twice as often as pharmacological cardioversion, and there appeared to be no major difference in outcome events for these two cardioversion modalities. For the overall cardioversion group, after adjustments for confounders, a significantly lower risk of mortality was found in patients who received early cardioversion compared with those who did not receive early cardioversion. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01090362.

Published
2021

38. Organizational traits, care processes, and burnout among chronic hemodialysis nurses

Author

Flynn, Linda, Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, and Clarke, Sean P.

Subjects
Hemodialysis facilities -- Human resource management, Hemodialysis facilities -- Laws, regulations and rules, Job stress -- Psychological aspects, Registered nurses -- Practice, Registered nurses -- Psychological aspects, Registered nurses -- Laws, regulations and rules, Work environment -- Psychological aspects, Company personnel management, Government regulation, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

In light of evidence linking registered nurse (RN) staffing levels to patient outcomes in chronic hemodialysis facilities, U.S. government regulations have set minimum RN staffing requirements during dialysis. Consequently, facility administrators are focused on decreasing nurse attrition in this crucial practice setting. This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design to investigate the effects of workload, practice environment, and care processes on burnout among nurses in U.S. chronic hemodialysis centers and to determine the association between burnout and nurses' intentions to leave their jobs. Findings indicate that predictors were associated with an increased likelihood of nurse burnout and that nurses experiencing burnout were more likely to be planning to leave their jobs. Findings have important implications for retention of nurses, enhancement of patient safety, and adherence to new federal staffing requirements in chronic hemodialysis units. Keywords: work environment; burnout; nurse-patient ratio; hemodialysis

Published
2009

39. The effects of race and workplace racism on nurses' intent to leave the job: The mediating roles of job dissatisfaction and emotional distress.

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Flynn, Linda, Zha, Peijia, and Ando, Sakura

Abstract

• Non-White nurses intended to leave their job at nearly twice the rate as White nurses. • Compared to White nurses, non-White nurses experienced significantly higher levels of job dissatisfaction, emotional distress, and workplace racism experiences. • Black nurses experienced the highest numbers of workplace racial microaggression types and the most negative racial climates compared to other racial groups. • Job dissatisfaction and emotional distress had the largest, independent direct effects on nurses' intent to leave their jobs. Race and workplace racism had no significant, independent direct effects on nurses' intent to leave their jobs. • Non-White race, workplace racial microaggressions, and negative racial climates had significant independent effects on intent to leave the job through their effects on job dissatisfaction and emotional distress. There is scant evidence of quantifiable effects of workplace racism on nurses' job-related outcomes. The study aimed to examine associations among race, workplace racism, emotional distress, job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave among hospital-based nurses. This study used a correlational design with six measures in a statewide sample of 788 hospital-based nurses. Non-White nurses intended to leave the job at a higher rate than White nurses. Non-White nurses reported negative racial climates, multiple racial microaggression experiences, and high job dissatisfaction and emotional distress. Non-white race and workplace racism had significant individual effects on intent to leave. Job dissatisfaction and emotional distress significantly mediated indirect effects of non-White race, negative racial climates, and racial microaggressions on nurses' intent to leave. In efforts to retain nurses of color in hospitals, there is an urgent need to mitigate workplace racism in these settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Effects of Race, Workplace Racism, and COVID Worry on the Emotional Well-Being of Hospital-Based Nurses: A Dual Pandemic.

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Zha, Peijia, Flynn, Linda, and Ando, Sakura

Subjects
*WORK environment, *RACISM, *WELL-being, *HOSPITALS, *COVID-19, *MINORITIES, *PSYCHOLOGY of nurses, *SURVEYS, *HOSPITAL nursing staff, *NURSES, *WORRY, *MICROAGGRESSIONS, *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, *COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract

Persons of color in the US experience the worst COVID-related outcomes and account for the majority of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations among healthcare workers. In a pandemic where minority populations and healthcare workers are among the hardest hit, nurses of color are undoubtedly taxed. Moreover, their workplace racism experiences represent a dual pandemic in that the effects of COVID-19 worries and workplace racism may synergize to the detriment of their emotional well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct, indirect, and interactive effects of individual (race, COVID worry), interpersonal (workplace racial microaggressions), and institutional (racial climate) factors on hospital-based nurses' emotional well-being. A sample of 788 registered nurses who worked in New Jersey hospitals completed an electronic survey. Compared to White nurses, nonwhite nurses reported higher emotional distress, more negative racial climates, more racial microaggressions, and higher levels of COVID worry. Nurses' worry about getting sick from COVID and multiple racial microaggression experiences had the largest effects on the likelihood of high emotional distress. Racism variables and worry about COVID mediated indirect effects of nonwhite race on emotional distress. Racial microaggressions mediated an indirect effect of racial climate on this outcome. Nurses who were worried about getting sick from COVID and experienced multiple microaggressions and/or the most negative racial climates had severe emotional distress. There is a need for sustained investment in a racially diverse nursing workforce. Mitigating workplace racism in hospitals is crucial, particularly during public health crises that disproportionately threaten minority populations and healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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43. Qualitative study of mental health attribution, perceptions and care-seeking in Kampala, Uganda.

Author

Bwanika, John M., Hawkins, Charlotte, Kamulegeya, Louis, Onyutta, Patricia, Musinguzi, Davis, Kusasira, Audrey, Musoke, Elizabeth K., and Kabeega, Jascintha

Subjects
*MENTAL health services, *MENTAL health, *MENTAL illness, *GLOBAL burden of disease, *HEALTH programs
Abstract

Background: Mental health problems contribute to a substantial proportion of the global burden of disease. In Uganda, the World Health Organization estimates that 2.2 million people are affected by mental health disorders. Further research is needed to highlight people's views about mental health in order to ensure that services are appropriate, accessible and effective. Aim: This qualitative study aimed to explore perceptions, experiences and care-seeking preferences to inform stakeholders looking to provide contextually appropriate mental health programmes. Setting: A diverse neighbourhood in central Kampala, Uganda. Methods: The authors conducted 56 in-depth semi-structured interviews with people over the age of 37 years from November 2018 to May 2019. Results: Participants discussed interpersonal and systemic issues that affect mental health in their community and the existing coping mechanisms that people employ. Social factors were often associated with mental health problems, with 36% of participants attributing them to economic stressors in particular. Mental health services were often perceived to be unavailable, costly or stigmatised, which can mean that care-seeking is delayed until problems become severe. Some people said they prefer to turn to prayer (25%) or counselling within their family or community (12.5%). Conclusion: Mental health problems are often attributed to socioeconomic factors, which can also hinder access to services. An understanding of perceptions about mental health can help to align programmes for appropriateness and effectiveness. Our study suggests that beneficial additional services for people living in low-income urban settings in Uganda could include those which are free, community-based or offering financial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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44. Paying it forward to end period poverty in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Pedagogies and politics of care, community, and academic activism.

Author

Zonjić, Maja, Baker-Wanhalla, Caitlin, Cooper, Serena, Dobbs, Olivia, Gellen, Romy, and Hawkins, Charlotte

Subjects
STUDENT activism, ACTIVISM, POVERTY, CLASSROOMS, SOCIAL stigma, SOCIAL change, EDUCATIONAL benefits
Abstract

Period poverty is a significant issue in Aotearoa/New Zealand, yet public discourses around menstruation are rare, marked by social stigma, and kept outside of university classrooms. Simultaneously, student activism is on the rise, as are critical pedagogical approaches that resist hierarchical education models and value community engagement. In this article, we draw on shared lecturer/student experiences of taking part in COMS305: Media and Social Change, a course at the University of Canterbury in 2020, during which five students started a menstrual item donation drive benefitting two local charities. Together, we reflect on the initiative and wrestle with a number of questions arising from it before offering future recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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46. Staff nurses' perceptions of the work environment in freestanding hemodialysis facilities

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Denno, Mary, Currier, Helen, and Wick, Gail

Subjects
Nephrology, Nursing -- Employment, Health, Employment
Abstract

While one suggested cause of the current nursing shortage is nurses' negative perceptions of the work environment, little is known of nephrology nurses' perceptions of the dialysis work environment. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which staff nurses who work in freestanding hemodialysis facilities rate the presence of organizational characteristics common to magnet hospitals in their current job. Study findings indicate that staff nurses in hemodialysis units identify several notable features of magnet hospitals in their work settings. However, a majority of nurses disagreed that many attributes of magnet hospitals are present in hemodialysis work environments. This study provides a preliminary description of some of the factors that affect nurses' perceptions of the work environment in freestanding dialysis facilities. Further work is needed in this area., Nephrology nursing in the United States (U.S.) is at a significant juncture. Despite the current shortage of registered nurses (RNs) in nephrology settings (Bednar, Steinman, & Street, 2002), the demand [...]

Published
2003

47. Hemodialysis patients' symptom experiences: effects on physical and mental functioning

Author

Curtin, Roberta Braun, Bultman, Dara C., Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Walters, Brian A.J., and Schatell, Dorian

Subjects
Kidney failure -- Health aspects, Hemodialysis -- Health aspects, Health, Health aspects
Abstract

Dialysis patients experience numerous symptoms, some serious in terms of medical outcomes and all serious in terms of potential reductions in functioning and well-being. This cross-sectional study used self-reports of hemodialysis patients to catalogue symptoms; hypothesizing that frequently experienced symptoms, regardless of acuity, negatively affect functioning and well-being. Data were collected from 307 randomly selected hemodialysis patients from 14 dialysis facilities. Twenty-two of the 47 symptoms queried had mean experience scores of ≥ 1 on a scale of 0-4, that is, were experienced by patients at least 'a little of the time.' Seventeen of these 22 symptoms were significantly correlated (≤ .01) with the SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scale, Mental Component Summary (MCS) scale, or both. All but four of these 17 symptoms (dry mouth, itchy skin, lack of appetite, and restless legs) clustered around fatigue/sleep, sexual concerns, or mobility. Linear multiple regression showed age, diabetes, the fatigue/sleep and mobility clusters, and itchy skin to be negatively associated with the PCS (p ≤ .01). The fatigue/sleep cluster was also negatively associated with the MCS. Because previous research has shown the PCS and MCS to be associated with morbidity and mortality, management of common, non-acute symptoms may have long-term benefits for hemodialysis patients., Because kidney failure is complex and chronic, its treatment relies heavily on patient self-management of many aspects of care, including symptom 'triage' and management (Curtin & Mapes, 2001). Unfortunately, people [...]

Published
2002

48. Drivers of European bat population change: a review reveals evidence gaps.

Author

Browning, Ella, Barlow, Kate E., Burns, Fiona, Hawkins, Charlotte, and Boughey, Katherine

Subjects
BAT conservation, DEMOGRAPHIC change, WILDLIFE conservation, BATS, WATER pollution, EVIDENCE
Abstract

Bat populations are thought to have suffered significant declines in the past century throughout Europe. Fortunately, there are some signs of recovery; for instance, of the 11 species monitored in the UK, population trends of five are increasing. The drivers of past losses and recent trends are unclear; identifying them will enable targeted conservation strategies to support further recovery.We review the evidence linking proposed drivers to impacts on bat populations in Europe, using the results of a previous cross‐taxa semi‐quantitative assessment as a framework. Broadly, the drivers reviewed relate to land‐use practices, climate change, pollution, development and infrastructure, and human disturbance. We highlight where evidence gaps or conflicts present barriers to successful conservation and review emerging opportunities to address these gaps.We find that the relative importance or impacts of the potential drivers of bat population change are not well understood or quantified, with conflicting evidence in many cases. To close key gaps in the evidence for responses of bat populations to environmental change, future studies should focus on the impacts of climate change, urbanisation, offshore wind turbines, and water pollution, as well as on mitigation measures and the synergistic effects of putative drivers.To increase available evidence of drivers of bat population change, we propose utilising advances in monitoring tools and statistical methods, together with robust quantitative assessment of conservation interventions to mitigate threats and enable the effective conservation of these protected species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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49. Symptom distress and day-to-day changes in functional status in chronic hemodialysis patients

Author

Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte

Subjects
Chronic kidney failure -- Care and treatment, Hemodialysis patients, Patient education, Health, Care and treatment
Abstract

The purposes of this study were to examine changes in center-based hemodialysis patients' levels of daily functional status (FS) during the week and to examine the extent to which symptom distress explained variations in daily functional status. A correlational panel study design was used. The sample consisted of 104 chronic incenter hemodialysis patients recruited from two outpatient hemodialysis centers in a mid-Atlantic state. The Inventory of Functional Status was administered daily for 7 consecutive days to assess daily functional status. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life Symptom Scale was administered daily for 7 consecutive days to examine daily symptom distress. Study findings indicated suboptimal levels of FS at baseline, a significant decline in FS the day before the first dialysis session of the week compared to baseline, and a significant decline in FS on the second dialysis day of the week compared to the previous and subsequent nondialysis days. Symptom distress explained 6% of the variation in FS on these 2 days. In conclusion, incenter hemodialysis patients' baseline levels of FS are suboptimal, and FS declines further on the day before the first dialysis session of the week and the second dialysis day of the week. Symptom distress partially accounts for the decline in FS on those days. These findings indicate a need for ongoing FS assessment, implementation of strategies to improve FS, and symptom management in center-based chronic hemodialysis patients., Functioning in a significant number of individuals with end stage renal disease (ESRD) is suboptimal, especially in those individuals receiving chronic hemodialysis. Though functioning in ESRD patients has received considerable [...]

Published
2000

50. Increased Risk of Severe Sepsis in Hispanic Children Hospitalized With Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Author

Savage, Beth, Thomas-Hawkins, Charlotte, Cole, Peter D., Stapleton, Jerod L., and de Cordova, Pamela B.

Abstract

The purpose of this study, a secondary analysis of a publicly available database, was to identify racial and ethnic disparities in the risk of severe sepsis facing children undergoing the intensive therapy necessary to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The sample consisted of 1,913 hospitalizations of children, younger than 21 years, in the United States during the year 2016 with documentation of both AML and at least one infectious complication. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine the association between race/ethnicity and severe sepsis in children with AML and infection. We found that, after controlling for potential confounding variables, the odds of developing severe sepsis were significantly increased for Hispanic children compared with White children. There were no significant differences in the likelihood of the development of sepsis in Black, Asian, or other race children. The increased risk of severe sepsis for Hispanic children may contribute to the disparate rates of overall survival in this group. This inequitable rate of severe sepsis was evident despite the generally accepted practice of retaining children in the hospital throughout recovery of blood counts following AML therapy. Nurses are in a position to identify and eliminate modifiable risk factors contributing to this disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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