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1. Children Who Experience Misrecognition in Primary Education: A Social Justice Perspective

Author

Eleanore Hargreaves, Laura Quick, and Denise Buchanan

Abstract

Our research constructed school life histories with 23 'lower-attaining' primary school children in England. Previous research has often failed to focus on the social justice aspects of this group, and no attempt has been made to contextualise children's misrecognition experiences within their full school life history, nor to hear primarily from children. Our results reveal for the first time the feelings, thinking and actions of lower attainers across 5 years of schooling, in response to the institutionalised practice of grouping by prior attainment. Nancy Fraser's conceptualisation of social justice as parity of participation provides our analysis framework, incorporating concepts of redistribution, recognition and representation. We focus primarily on how some low-attaining children experience misrecognition. Our results indicate how lower-attaining children sometimes identify themselves as less worthy, less connected, less similar and less visible than others. This construction allows for less respect to be shown to them and could block the fair distribution of schooling resources, and limit their opportunities for achieving social esteem.

Published
2024
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2. Latitudinal gradients in seed predation persist in urbanized environments

Author

Hargreaves, Anna L., Ensing, John, Rahn, Olivia, Oliveira, Fernanda M. P., Burkiewicz, Jérôme, Lafond, Joëlle, Haeussler, Sybille, Byerley-Best, M. Brooke, Lazda, Kira, Slinn, Heather L., Martin, Ella, Carlson, Matthew L., Sformo, Todd L., Dawson-Glass, Emma, Chiuffo, Mariana C., Vargas-Rodriguez, Yalma L., García-Jiménez, Carlos I., Gomes, Inácio J. M. T., Klemet-N’Guessan, Sandra, Paolucci, Lucas, Joly, Simon, Mehltreter, Klaus, Muñoz, Jenny, Buono, Carmela, Brodie, Jedediah F., Rodriguez-Campbell, Antonio, Veen, Thor, Freeman, Benjamin G., Lee-Yaw, Julie A., Muñoz, Juan Camilo, Paquette, Alexandra, Butler, Jennifer, and Suaréz, Esteban

Published
2024
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9. Importância De Se Estabelecer Mecanismos De Segurança Para Idosos Em Eventos De Grande Porte

Author

Luiz Henrique Horta Hargreaves

Subjects
desastres, incêndios, idosos, normas, Nursing, RT1-120, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

OBJETIVO: Estudo descritivo para identificar os riscos e demonstrar a necessidade de se estabelecer mecanismos de segurança para idosos em eventos de grande porte. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as principais causas de 10 eventos de grande porte ocorridos em todo o mundo que resultaram em incidentes com, pelo menos, 200 vítimas (mortos e feridos), no período de 1960 a 2015. As normas técnicas e os códigos de incêndio das unidades do Corpo de Bombeiros de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro aplicáveis a eventos de grande porte foram analisados com vistas a verificar a segurança requerida para essas situações. RESULTADOS: Houve 2.002 mortes no total, como consequência direta dos incidentes. O número de feridos não foi identificado, com estimativa de 3.500 vítimas. Em 100% dos casos, a superlotação, a ausência, a localização ou o número inadequado de saídas de emergência, bem como a fiscalização ruim e o pânico, estiveram presentes. Esses elementos foram diretamente responsáveis pelo elevado número de vítimas. Em 100% dos incêndios analisados, o sistema de prevenção/combate às chamas era inexistente ou inapropriado. As normas técnicas adotadas pelos Corpos de Bombeiros dos dois Estados brasileiros analisados coloca os idosos em situação aumentada de risco. CONCLUSÃO: Os idosos são particularmente vulneráveis aos incidentes, com múltiplas vítimas em grandes eventos. A estimativa da capacidade máxima de público e saídas de emergência não leva em consideração as características da faixa etária dos espectadores, o que inclui a velocidade de marcha. Há necessidade de alteração de normas técnicas e de implementação de mecanismos que diminuam as vulnerabilidades e aumentem a segurança para essa população.

Published
2024
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10. Health Catch-UP!: a realist evaluation of an innovative multi-disease screening and vaccination tool in UK primary care for at-risk migrant patients

Author

Jessica Carter, Lucy P. Goldsmith, Felicity Knights, Anna Deal, Subash Jayakumar, Alison F. Crawshaw, Farah Seedat, Nathaniel Aspray, Dominik Zenner, Philippa Harris, Yusuf Ciftci, Fatima Wurie, Azeem Majeed, Tess Harris, Philippa Matthews, Rebecca Hall, Ana Requena-Mendez, and Sally Hargreaves

Subjects
Migrant health, Infectious disease, Non-communicable disease, Screening, Primary care, Clinical decision support tool, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Migrants to the UK face disproportionate risk of infections, non-communicable diseases, and under-immunisation compounded by healthcare access barriers. Current UK migrant screening strategies are unstandardised with poor implementation and low uptake. Health Catch-UP! is a collaboratively produced digital clinical decision support system that applies current guidelines (UKHSA and NICE) to provide primary care professionals with individualised multi-disease screening (7 infectious diseases/blood-borne viruses, 3 chronic parasitic infections, 3 non-communicable disease or risk factors) and catch-up vaccination prompts for migrant patients. Methods We carried out a mixed-methods process evaluation of Health Catch-UP! in two urban primary healthcare practices to integrate Health Catch-UP! into the electronic health record system of primary care, using the Medical Research Council framework for complex intervention evaluation. We collected quantitative data (demographics, patients screened, disease detection and catch-up vaccination rates) and qualitative participant interviews to explore acceptability and feasibility. Results Ninety-nine migrants were assessed by Health Catch-UP! across two sites (S1, S2). 96.0% (n = 97) had complete demographics coding with Asia 31.3% (n = 31) and Africa 25.2% (n = 25), the most common continents of birth (S1 n = 92 [48.9% female (n = 44); mean age 60.6 years (SD 14.26)]; and S2 n = 7 [85.7% male (n = 6); mean age 39.4 years (SD16.97)]. 61.6% (n = 61) of participants were eligible for screening for at least one condition and uptake of screening was high 86.9% (n = 53). Twelve new conditions were identified (12.1% of study population) including hepatitis C (n = 1), hypercholesteraemia (n = 6), pre-diabetes (n = 4), and diabetes (n = 1). Health Catch-UP! identified that 100% (n = 99) of patients had no immunisations recorded; however, subsequent catch-up vaccination uptake was poor (2.0%, n = 1). Qualitative data supported acceptability and feasibility of Health Catch-UP! from staff and patient perspectives, and recommended Health Catch-UP! integration into routine care (e.g. NHS health checks) with an implementation package including staff and patient support materials, standardised care pathways (screening and catch-up vaccination, laboratory, and management), and financial incentivisation. Conclusions Clinical Decision Support Systems like Health Catch-UP! can improve disease detection and implementation of screening guidance for migrant patients but require robust testing, resourcing, and an effective implementation package to support both patients and staff.

Published
2024
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11. Prescription drug monitoring program in Australia: a qualitative study of stakeholders’ experiences and perceptions of a state-wide implementation

Author

Emma Tay, Meredith Makeham, Andrew Hargreaves, Tracey-Lea Laba, and Melissa Baysari

Subjects
Prescription drug monitoring programs, Prescription drugs, Digital health, Primary care, Clinical decision support, Implementation, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) are increasingly implemented across the globe with aims of managing and mitigating risks relating to high-risk prescription medicines. There is limited research focused on identifying strategies or processes for large-scale PDMP implementation. This study aimed to identify strategies perceived as necessary for successful state-wide implementation of a PDMP by exploring the experiences and perceptions of stakeholders responsible for the implementation in New South Wales (NSW), Australia: to identify (1) the drivers of implementation; (2) perceived strategies that worked well; (3) barriers to implementation; and (4) the elements needed for long-term success of SafeScript NSW. Methods This study used a qualitative descriptive design. Theoretical frameworks used to design interview questions and guide thematic analysis were the non-adoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework and Quadruple Aim framework. Participants were stakeholders responsible for PDMP implementation in NSW. Recruitment and data collection were completed between March and April 2022. Semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Two researchers independently reviewed transcripts, generated codes from the data, and mapped these to each NASSS domain. They came together multiple times during data analysis to review the codes and grouped them into higher level themes via a discussion and consensus process. Themes were then organised according to the four objectives of the study. Results Eight interviews were conducted and analysed after which thematic saturation was reached. All participants had a common understanding of the perceived benefits and drivers for PDMP implementation. Participants outlined ten key ingredients for perceived successful state-wide implementation. Strong and iterative engagement with a large number of stakeholder groups was viewed as critical, as was targeting user experience, ongoing monitoring and evaluation. These were facilitated by a phased roll-out strategy. Participants identified some barriers to implementation, particularly around poor usability and user experience of the tool. Conclusions This is one of the first studies focused on strategies for what was perceived to be successful state-wide implementation of PDMP. Successful implementation requires significant time and resourcing, with the design and configuration of the technology being only one component of a multi-strategy process. Knowledge and insights gained from this study may be useful for other implementations of similar digital health tools in large-scale jurisdictions.

Published
2024
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12. Can we reliably reconstruct the mid-Pliocene Warm Period with sparse data and uncertain models?

Author

J. D. Annan, J. C. Hargreaves, T. Mauritsen, E. McClymont, and S. L. Ho

Subjects
Environmental pollution, TD172-193.5, Environmental protection, TD169-171.8, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

We present a reconstruction of the surface climate of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), specifically Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) KM5c or 3.205 Ma. We combine the ensemble of climate model simulations, which contributed to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), with compilations of proxy data analyses of sea surface temperature (SST). The different data sets we considered are all sparse with high uncertainty, and the best estimate of annual global mean surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly varies from 2.1 up to 4.8 °C depending on the data source. We argue that the latest PlioVAR analysis of alkenone data is likely more reliable than other data sets we consider, and using this data set yields an SAT anomaly of 3.9±1.1 °C, with a value of 2.8±0.9 °C for SST (all uncertainties are quoted at 1 standard deviation). However, depending on the application, it may be advisable to consider the broader range arising from the various data sets to account for structural uncertainty. The regional-scale information in the reconstruction may not be reliable as it is largely based on the patterns simulated by the models.

Published
2024
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13. Online Learning Predictors of Mental Health in Third-Level Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ireland

Author

April Hargreaves, Gerard Loughnane, Hau Nguyen, and David Mothersill

Abstract

Objective COVID-19 forced third-level students to transition to online learning (OL). Many students encountered issues with OL, such as accessibility. However, the relationship between OL issues and mental health during this time remains poorly understood. Participants: Third-level students in Ireland (N = 268) completed an online questionnaire examining experiences with OL and mental health during COVID-19. Methods: OL social, lecturer, accessibility, individual skills, and environment issues, were entered into logistic regression analyses to examine whether these variables predicted mental health outcomes and/or preference to keep OL. Results: Students reporting more individual skills issues were more likely to attain a probable diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, complex posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression (p < 0.0083); students who reported more environment issues were less likely to report preference to keep OL (p < 0.0005). Conclusions: Given individual skills issues associated with worse mental health, future research should examine improving student perceptions of their own OL skills.

Published
2024
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14. 'Feeling Overwhelmed': Pedagogy and Professionalism in a Pandemic

Author

Jane Perryman, Sandra Leaton Gray, Eleanore Hargreaves, and Katya Saville

Abstract

The normal lives of schools were significantly affected by the recent global pandemic. Some countries closed all schools nationally, others such as the USA closed at a local level according to state law. Much of the focus of research in this area is on the effect on children and learning loss, but this paper uses secondary analysis of data from a project on primary/secondary school transition in England to examine the experience of teaching in a pandemic, with a particular focus on pedagogy and professionalism. It presents our findings of a significant impact on teachers' professional lives in England; from the pedagogic difficulties of teaching online, dealing with the anxieties and fears of themselves and others, providing support in ways hitherto beyond their experience, increased and different workloads. Some embraced the positive challenge, but many found their mental health suffered.

Published
2024
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15. Reclaiming Inclusion in an Age of Indignation

Author

Andy Hargreaves and Dennis Shirley

Abstract

As educators have pushed for inclusion of all marginalized students of different identities, we've seen a backlash of political and parental indignation. Andy Hargreaves and Dennis Shirley suggest that while it's sometimes clear who is right and who is wrong in these disputes, some issues aren't so clear, and people's multiple identities can come in conflict. They suggest that better representation, drawing upon our capacity for sympathy, not giving up on the power of learning, seeking out what serves the common good, and conducting disagreements with consideration for each other's rights, are some of the best ways to define and defend the inclusive school and get through the storms of outrage and indignation.

Published
2024
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20. Health Catch-UP!: a realist evaluation of an innovative multi-disease screening and vaccination tool in UK primary care for at-risk migrant patients

Author

Carter, Jessica, Goldsmith, Lucy P., Knights, Felicity, Deal, Anna, Jayakumar, Subash, Crawshaw, Alison F., Seedat, Farah, Aspray, Nathaniel, Zenner, Dominik, Harris, Philippa, Ciftci, Yusuf, Wurie, Fatima, Majeed, Azeem, Harris, Tess, Matthews, Philippa, Hall, Rebecca, Requena-Mendez, Ana, and Hargreaves, Sally

Published
2024
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22. Prevalence and risk of burnout among HIV service providers in South Africa and Zambia: findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial

Author

Steinhaus, Mara C., Nicholson, Tamaryn J., Pliakas, Triantafyllos, Harper, Abigail, Lilleston, Pamela, Mainga, Tila, Milimo, Deborah, Jennings, Karen, Grobbelaar, Nelis, Louis, Francoise, Liebenberg, Handri, Hayes, Richard J., Fidler, Sarah, Ayles, Helen, Bock, Peter, Hoddinott, Graeme, Hargreaves, James R., Bond, Virginia, and Stangl, Anne L.

Published
2024
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26. Associations between HIV stigma and health-related quality-of-life among people living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis of data from HPTN 071 (PopART)

Author

Hall, Emily, Davis, Katherine, Ohrnberger, Julius, Pickles, Michael, Gregson, Simon, Thomas, Ranjeeta, Hargreaves, James R., Pliakas, Triantafyllos, Bwalya, Justin, Dunbar, Rory, Mainga, Tila, Shanaube, Kwame, Hoddinott, Graeme, Bond, Virginia, Bock, Peter, Ayles, Helen, Stangl, Anne L., Donnell, Deborah, Hayes, Richard, Fidler, Sarah, and Hauck, Katharina

Published
2024
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30. A junior doctor led near-peer acute ENT/head and neck surgery workshop for medical students

Author

Wendy Liu, MBBS FRACS, Tamara Preda, MBBS FRACS, Warren Hargreaves, MBBS FRACS, and Reginald V. Lord, MD FRACS

Subjects
Near peer teaching, Surgical education, ENT/head and neck surgery, Otolaryngology, General surgery, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Background: Near-peer teaching (NPT) involves teaching by peers who are at a close, but not the same, level of training. This study investigated whether a novel surgical NPT workshop, designed and delivered by junior doctors using simulation models for acute otolaryngology conditions, improved the knowledge and confidence level of senior medical students. Methods: A one-day NPT workshop was held for medical students in their third year of a four-year postgraduate medical degree at the University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia. Four acute otolaryngology/head and neck surgery problems that might be encountered by junior doctors and require prompt management were chosen. These were post-operative neck swelling, epistaxis, and tracheostomy management (obstruction and bleeding). Six junior doctors facilitated didactic tutorials and practical skills training using models. Multiple choice question mini-tests and questionnaires were administered before and after the workshop to assess changes in students' knowledge and confidence in assessment, management, and practical skills. Results: The most common reason for participation was to acquire knowledge and practical skills (93.2 %). Mean correct MCQ mini-test knowledge scores increased significantly from 60 % pre-workshop to 83.9 % post-workshop (p

Published
2024
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31. Prevalence and risk of burnout among HIV service providers in South Africa and Zambia: findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial

Author

Mara C. Steinhaus, Tamaryn J. Nicholson, Triantafyllos Pliakas, Abigail Harper, Pamela Lilleston, Tila Mainga, Deborah Milimo, Karen Jennings, Nelis Grobbelaar, Francoise Louis, Handri Liebenberg, Richard J. Hayes, Sarah Fidler, Helen Ayles, Peter Bock, Graeme Hoddinott, James R. Hargreaves, Virginia Bond, Anne L. Stangl, and the HPTN 071 (PopART) study team

Subjects
Maslach Burnout Inventory, HIV, Facility-based health workers, Community-based health workers, Emotional exhaustion, Stigma, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background In the high disease burden and resource-constrained contexts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), health workers experience a range of psychosocial stressors that leave them vulnerable to developing burnout, which can reduce service quality and negatively impact their own health and wellbeing. As universal testing and treatment (UTT) for HIV scales up across SSA, we sought to understand the implications of this human resource-intensive approach to HIV prevention to inform decision-making about health workforce staffing and support needs. Methods Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), we assessed the prevalence of three domains of burnout—emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment—among three cadres of health workers delivering health services in areas receiving a UTT intervention in Zambia and South Africa. These cadres included health facility workers (n = 478), community health workers (n = 159), and a study-specific cadre of community HIV care providers (n = 529). We used linear regression to assess risk factors associated with emotional exhaustion, the only domain with sufficient variation in our sample. Results The MBI-HSS was completed by 1499/2153 eligible participants (69.6% response rate). Less than 1% of health workers met Maslach’s definition for burnout. All groups of health workers reported lower levels of emotional exhaustion than found in previous studies of this type (mean score scores ranged from 10.7 to 15.4 out of 54 across health cadres). Higher emotional exhaustion was associated with higher educational attainment (βadj = 2.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 3.72), greater years providing HIV services (βadj = 0.20, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.36), and testing negative for HIV at last HIV test (βadj = − 3.88 − 95% CI 5.69 to − 2.07). Working as a CHW was significantly associated with lower emotional exhaustion (βadj = − 2.52, 95% CI − 4.69 to − 0.35). Among all health workers, irrespective of HIV status, witnessing stigmatizing behaviors towards people living with HIV among their co-workers was associated with significantly increased emotional exhaustion (βadj = 3.38, 95% CI 1.99 to 4.76). Conclusions The low level of burnout detected among health workers is reassuring. However, it remains important to assess how UTT may affect levels of emotional exhaustion among health workers over time, particularly in the context of emerging global pandemics, as burnout may impact the quality of HIV services they provide and their own mental health and wellbeing. Interventions to reduce HIV stigma in health facilities may protect against emotional exhaustion among health workers, as well as interventions to increase mindfulness and resilience among health workers at risk of burnout. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01900977.

Published
2024
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32. An arctic breeding songbird overheats during intense activity even at low air temperatures

Author

Ryan S. O’Connor, Oliver P. Love, Lyette Régimbald, Audrey Le Pogam, Alexander R. Gerson, Kyle H. Elliott, Anna L. Hargreaves, and François Vézina

Subjects
Arctic breeding species, Climate change, Evaporative cooling, Flight, Heat tolerance, Hyperthermia, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Birds maintain some of the highest body temperatures among endothermic animals. Often deemed a selective advantage for heat tolerance, high body temperatures also limits birds’ thermal safety margin before reaching lethal levels. Recent modelling suggests that sustained effort in Arctic birds might be restricted at mild air temperatures, which may require reductions in activity to avoid overheating, with expected negative impacts on reproductive performance. We measured within-individual changes in body temperature in calm birds and then in response to an experimental increase in activity in an outdoor captive population of Arctic, cold-specialised snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis), exposed to naturally varying air temperatures (− 15 to 36 °C). Calm buntings exhibited a modal body temperature range from 39.9 to 42.6 °C. However, we detected a significant increase in body temperature within minutes of shifting calm birds to active flight, with strong evidence for a positive effect of air temperature on body temperature (slope = 0.04 °C/ °C). Importantly, by an ambient temperature of 9 °C, flying buntings were already generating body temperatures ≥ 45 °C, approaching the upper thermal limits of organismal performance (45–47 °C). With known limited evaporative heat dissipation capacities in these birds, our results support the recent prediction that free-living buntings operating at maximal sustainable rates will increasingly need to rely on behavioural thermoregulatory strategies to regulate body temperature, to the detriment of nestling growth and survival.

Published
2024
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33. HIV and gender identity expression among transfeminine people in the Western Cape, South Africa – a thematic analysis of data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial

Author

Laing de Villiers, Leslie Swartz, Peter Bock, Janet Seeley, Anne L. Stangl, Virginia Bond, James Hargreaves, and Graeme Hoddinott

Subjects
Transgender, Gender identity, HIV, Gender expression, South Africa, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Transfeminine people in South Africa have a high HIV risk due to structural, behavioural, and psychosocial factors. Transfeminine people and feminine identifying men who have sex with men (MSM) are often conflated or grouped with transgender or MSM categories in HIV service programming, although they don’t necessarily identify as either. We aimed to investigate gender expression among feminine identifying people who were assigned male at birth. We examined how local conceptualizations of sexuality and gender intersect with the key population label of ‘transgender’ imported into local HIV programming. Methods A qualitative cohort nested within the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial included longitudinal, in-depth interviews with eight transfeminine people (four who disclosed as living with HIV). Data were collected approximately every six weeks between January 2016 and October 2017. We used a combination of thematic analysis and case study descriptions to explore gender identification among participants. Results Of the eight participants, only one accepted ‘transgender’ as a label, and even she used varying terms at different times to describe her identity. For participants, a feminine identity included dressing in normatively feminine clothes; using feminine terms, pronouns and names; and adopting stereotypically feminine mannerisms. Participants would switch between typically feminine and masculine norms in response to contextual cues and audience. For example, some participants accepted identification as masculine gay men amongst their family members. Among peers, they expressed their identity through typically more effeminate gender characteristics, for example self-identifying as “femgay”. With partners they often also took on a feminine identity role, for example identifying as women in sexual and romantic relationships (meaning they viewed and expressed themselves as the feminine partner in the relationship). Conclusions Our findings are amongst the first exploratory and descriptive data of transfeminine people in South Africa. We show how transfeminine people navigate fluid gender identities that could pose a challenge for accessing and utilizing HIV services that are currently set up for transgender individuals or MSM. More work needs to be done to understand and respond to the diverse and shifting ways people experience their gender identities in this high HIV burden context.

Published
2024
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34. Developing survey weights to ensure representativeness in a national, matched cohort study: results from the children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study

Author

Natalia K Rojas, Bianca L De Stavola, Tom Norris, Mario Cortina-Borja, Manjula D Nugawela, Dougal Hargreaves, Emma Dalrymple, Kelsey McOwat, Ruth Simmons, Terence Stephenson, Roz Shafran, CLoCk Consortium, and Snehal M Pinto Pereira

Subjects
Long covid, Survey weights, Children and young people, Representativeness, Matched cohort study, Selection bias, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Findings from studies assessing Long Covid in children and young people (CYP) need to be assessed in light of their methodological limitations. For example, if non-response and/or attrition over time systematically differ by sub-groups of CYP, findings could be biased and any generalisation limited. The present study aimed to (i) construct survey weights for the Children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study, and (ii) apply them to published CLoCk findings showing the prevalence of shortness of breath and tiredness increased over time from baseline to 12-months post-baseline in both SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative CYP. Methods Logistic regression models were fitted to compute the probability of (i) Responding given envisioned to take part, (ii) Responding timely given responded, and (iii) (Re)infection given timely response. Response, timely response and (re)infection weights were generated as the reciprocal of the corresponding probability, with an overall ‘envisioned population’ survey weight derived as the product of these weights. Survey weights were trimmed, and an interactive tool developed to re-calibrate target population survey weights to the general population using data from the 2021 UK Census. Results Flexible survey weights for the CLoCk study were successfully developed. In the illustrative example, re-weighted results (when accounting for selection in response, attrition, and (re)infection) were consistent with published findings. Conclusions Flexible survey weights to address potential bias and selection issues were created for and used in the CLoCk study. Previously reported prospective findings from CLoCk are generalisable to the wider population of CYP in England. This study highlights the importance of considering selection into a sample and attrition over time when considering generalisability of findings.

Published
2024
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35. Associations between HIV stigma and health-related quality-of-life among people living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis of data from HPTN 071 (PopART)

Author

Emily Hall, Katherine Davis, Julius Ohrnberger, Michael Pickles, Simon Gregson, Ranjeeta Thomas, James R. Hargreaves, Triantafyllos Pliakas, Justin Bwalya, Rory Dunbar, Tila Mainga, Kwame Shanaube, Graeme Hoddinott, Virginia Bond, Peter Bock, Helen Ayles, Anne L. Stangl, Deborah Donnell, Richard Hayes, Sarah Fidler, Katharina Hauck, and The HPTN 071 (PopART) study team

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract People living with HIV (PLHIV) report lower health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) than HIV-negative people. HIV stigma may contribute to this. We explored the association between HIV stigma and HRQoL among PLHIV. We used cross-sectional data from 3991 randomly selected PLHIV who were surveyed in 2017–2018 for HPTN 071 (PopART), a cluster randomised trial in Zambia and South Africa. Participants were 18–44 years, had laboratory-confirmed HIV infection, and knew their status. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol-5-dimensions-5-levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Stigma outcomes included: internalised stigma, stigma experienced in the community, and stigma experienced in healthcare settings. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Participants who had experienced community stigma (n = 693/3991) had higher odds of reporting problems in at least one HRQoL domain, compared to those who had not (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.51, 95% confidence interval, 95% Cl: 1.16–1.98, p = 0.002). Having experienced internalised stigma was also associated with reporting problems in at least one HRQoL domain (n = 552/3991, aOR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.54–2.54, p

Published
2024
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37. Combined Medial Patellofemoral Ligament and Medial Quadriceps Tendon-Femoral Ligament Reconstruction With Single Knotless Anchor

Author

Mathew Hargreaves, B.S., Hamp Sisson, B.S., Chandler Harris, B.S.E., Amit M. Momaya, M.D., and Aaron J. Casp, M.D.

Subjects
Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Lateral patellar dislocations represent a common orthopaedic condition in young, active individuals who experience patellar instability. Despite increasing interest in re-creating the natural biomechanics and native knee anatomy when performing medial patellar soft-tissue reconstructive procedures, there is no consensus among surgeons regarding the best techniques to use when reconstructing the medial patellofemoral ligament and medial quadriceps tendon-femoral ligament. This article details a method to reconstruct the medial patellofemoral ligament and medial quadriceps tendon-femoral ligament using a single graft and a single all-suture knotless anchor on the patella.

Published
2024
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38. Australian Culex annulirostris mosquitoes are competent vectors for Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV

Author

Melissa J. Klein, Sarah A. Jackson, Willy W. Suen, Jean Payne, Darcy Beveridge, Mel Hargreaves, Donna Gillies, Jianning Wang, Kim R. Blasdell, Mike Dunn, Adam J. López-Denman, Peter A. Durr, David T. Williams, and Prasad N. Paradkar

Subjects
Japanese encephalitis virus, Culex annulirostris, vector competence, vertical transmission, JEV NSW/22, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is transmitted by Culex species of mosquitoes. In 2022, JEV belonging to a previously unrecognised lineage of genotype IV (GIV) caused a major outbreak of JE in South-eastern Australia, resulting in human cases and affecting piggeries. Cx. annulirostris has previously been implicated as the major vector of JEV in northern Australia where the virus has circulated since its first detection in 1995. Here, we showed that experimental infection of a laboratory colony of Australian Cx. annulirostris with the isolate JEV NSW/22 resulted in a 100% mosquito infection rate, with 87% of mosquito saliva samples testing positive by RT-qPCR at 14 days post-infection. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of a replicating virus in the mosquito midgut and dissemination throughout the body, including the salivary glands. Our results also showed evidence of transovarial transmission of this virus; however, transstadial transmission from the eggs to the adult stage was not found. Comparison with an Indonesian isolate of GIV JEV and previous Australian isolates belonging to genotypes I and II showed that infection with JEV NSW/22 resulted in higher viral titres in the early stage of infection and higher proportions of mosquitoes with JEV-positive saliva, indicating a greater transmission potential compared to other isolates. This study provides compelling experimental evidence that Australian Cx. annulirostris is a highly efficient vector for the 2022 Australian JEV GIV outbreak strain.

Published
2024
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40. Stratified analyses refine association between TLR7 rare variants and severe COVID-19

Author

Jannik Boos, Caspar I. van der Made, Gayatri Ramakrishnan, Eamon Coughlan, Rosanna Asselta, Britt-Sabina Löscher, Luca V.C. Valenti, Rafael de Cid, Luis Bujanda, Antonio Julià, Erola Pairo-Castineira, J. Kenneth Baillie, Sandra May, Berina Zametica, Julia Heggemann, Agustín Albillos, Jesus M. Banales, Jordi Barretina, Natalia Blay, Paolo Bonfanti, Maria Buti, Javier Fernandez, Sara Marsal, Daniele Prati, Luisa Ronzoni, Nicoletta Sacchi, Joachim L. Schultze, Olaf Riess, Andre Franke, Konrad Rawlik, David Ellinghaus, Alexander Hoischen, Axel Schmidt, Kerstin U. Ludwig, Valeria Rimoldi, Elvezia M. Paraboschi, Alessandra Bandera, Flora Peyvandi, Giacomo Grasselli, Francesco Blasi, Francesco Malvestiti, Serena Pelusi, Cristiana Bianco, Lorenzo Miano, Angela Lombardi, Pietro Invernizzi, Alessio Gerussi, Giuseppe Citerio, Andrea Biondi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Giuseppe Foti, Ilaria Beretta, Mariella D'Angiò, Laura Rachele Bettini, Xavier Farré, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Manolis Kogevinas, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria, Beatriz Nafria, Mauro D'Amato, Adriana Palom, Colin Begg, Sara Clohisey, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Julian Knight, Lowell Ling, David Maslove, Danny McAuley, Johnny Millar, Hugh Montgomery, Alistair Nichol, Peter J.M. Openshaw, Alexandre C. Pereira, Chris P. Ponting, Kathy Rowan, Malcolm G. Semple, Manu Shankar-Hari, Charlotte Summers, Timothy Walsh, Latha Aravindan, Ruth Armstrong, Heather Biggs, Ceilia Boz, Adam Brown, Richard Clark, Audrey Coutts, Judy Coyle, Louise Cullum, Sukamal Das, Nicky Day, Lorna Donnelly, Esther Duncan, Angie Fawkes, Paul Fineran, Max Head Fourman, Anita Furlong, James Furniss, Bernadette Gallagher, Tammy Gilchrist, Ailsa Golightly, Fiona Griffiths, Katarzyna Hafezi, Debbie Hamilton, Ross Hendry, Andy Law, Dawn Law, Rachel Law, Sarah Law, Rebecca Lidstone-Scott, Louise Macgillivray, Alan Maclean, Hanning Mal, Sarah McCafferty, Ellie Mcmaster, Jen Meikle, Shona C. Moore, Kirstie Morrice, Lee Murphy, Sheena Murphy, Mybaya Hellen, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Chenqing Zheng, Jiantao Chen, Nick Parkinson, Trevor Paterson, Katherine Schon, Andrew Stenhouse, Mihaela Das, Maaike Swets, Helen Szoor-McElhinney, Filip Taneski, Lance Turtle, Tony Wackett, Mairi Ward, Jane Weaver, Nicola Wrobel, Marie Zechner, Gill Arbane, Aneta Bociek, Sara Campos, Neus Grau, Tim Owen Jones, Rosario Lim, Martina Marotti, Marlies Ostermann, Christopher Whitton, Zoe Alldis, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Fatima Bibi, Jack Biddle, Sarah Blow, Matthew Bolton, Catherine Borra, Ruth Bowles, Maudrian Burton, Yasmin Choudhury, David Collier, Amber Cox, Amy Easthope, Patrizia Ebano, Stavros Fotiadis, Jana Gurasashvili, Rosslyn Halls, Pippa Hartridge, Delordson Kallon, Jamila Kassam, Ivone Lancoma-Malcolm, Maninderpal Matharu, Peter May, Oliver Mitchelmore, Tabitha Newman, Mital Patel, Jane Pheby, Irene Pinzuti, Zoe Prime, Oleksandra Prysyazhna, Julian Shiel, Melanie Taylor, Carey Tierney, Suzanne Wood, Anne Zak, Olivier Zongo, Stephen Bonner, Keith Hugill, Jessica Jones, Steven Liggett, Evie Headlam, Nageswar Bandla, Minnie Gellamucho, Michelle Davies, Christopher Thompson, Marwa Abdelrazik, Dhanalakshmi Bakthavatsalam, Munzir Elhassan, Arunkumar Ganesan, Anne Haldeos, Jeronimo Moreno-Cuesta, Dharam Purohit, Rachel Vincent, Kugan Xavier, Kumar Rohit, Frater Alasdair, Malik Saleem, Carter David, Jenkins Samuel, Zoe Lamond, Wall Alanna, Jaime Fernandez-Roman, David O. Hamilton, Emily Johnson, Brian Johnston, Maria Lopez Martinez, Suleman Mulla, David Shaw, Alicia A.C. Waite, Victoria Waugh, Ingeborg D. Welters, Karen Williams, Anna Cavazza, Maeve Cockrell, Eleanor Corcoran, Maria Depante, Clare Finney, Ellen Jerome, Mark McPhail, Monalisa Nayak, Harriet Noble, Kevin O'Reilly, Evita Pappa, Rohit Saha, Sian Saha, John Smith, Abigail Knighton, David Antcliffe, Dorota Banach, Stephen Brett, Phoebe Coghlan, Ziortza Fernandez, Anthony Gordon, Roceld Rojo, Sonia Sousa Arias, Maie Templeton, Megan Meredith, Lucy Morris, Lucy Ryan, Amy Clark, Julia Sampson, Cecilia Peters, Martin Dent, Margaret Langley, Saima Ashraf, Shuying Wei, Angela Andrew, Archana Bashyal, Neil Davidson, Paula Hutton, Stuart McKechnie, Jean Wilson, David Baptista, Rebecca Crowe, Rita Fernandes, Rosaleen Herdman-Grant, Anna Joseph, Denise O'Connor, Meryem Allen, Adam Loveridge, India McKenley, Eriko Morino, Andres Naranjo, Richard Simms, Kathryn Sollesta, Andrew Swain, Harish Venkatesh, Jacyntha Khera, Jonathan Fox, Gillian Andrew, Lucy Barclay, Marie Callaghan, Rachael Campbell, Sarah Clark, Dave Hope, Lucy Marshall, Corrienne McCulloch, Kate Briton, Jo Singleton, Sohphie Birch, Lutece Brimfield, Zoe Daly, David Pogson, Steve Rose, Ceri Battle, Elaine Brinkworth, Rachel Harford, Carl Murphy, Luke Newey, Tabitha Rees, Marie Williams, Sophie Arnold, Petra Polgarova, Katerina Stroud, Eoghan Meaney, Megan Jones, Anthony Ng, Shruti Agrawal, Nazima Pathan, Deborah White, Esther Daubney, Kay Elston, Lina Grauslyte, Musarat Hussain, Mandeep Phull, Tatiana Pogreban, Lace Rosaroso, Erika Salciute, George Franke, Joanna Wong, Aparna George, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Emily Peasgood, Claire Phillips, Michelle Bates, Jo Dasgin, Jaspret Gill, Annette Nilsson, James Scriven, Carlos Castro Delgado, Deborah Dawson, Lijun Ding, Georgia Durrant, Obiageri Ezeobu, Sarah Farnell-Ward, Abiola Harrison, Rebecca Kanu, Susannah Leaver, Elena Maccacari, Soumendu Manna, Romina Pepermans Saluzzio, Joana Queiroz, Tinashe Samakomva, Christine Sicat, Joana Texeira, Edna Fernandes Da Gloria, Ana Lisboa, John Rawlins, Jisha Mathew, Ashley Kinch, William James Hurt, Nirav Shah, Victoria Clark, Maria Thanasi, Nikki Yun, Kamal Patel, Sara Bennett, Emma Goodwin, Matthew Jackson, Alissa Kent, Clare Tibke, Wiesia Woodyatt, Ahmed Zaki, Azmerelda Abraheem, Peter Bamford, Kathryn Cawley, Charlie Dunmore, Maria Faulkner, Rumanah Girach, Helen Jeffrey, Rhianna Jones, Emily London, Imrun Nagra, Farah Nasir, Hannah Sainsbury, Clare Smedley, Tahera Patel, Matthew Smith, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Aayesha Kazi, Janice Hartley, Joseph Dykes, Muhammad Hijazi, Sarah Keith, Meherunnisa Khan, Janet Ryan-Smith, Philippa Springle, Jacqueline Thomas, Nick Truman, Samuel Saad, Dabheoc Coleman, Christopher Fine, Roseanna Matt, Bethan Gay, Jack Dalziel, Syamlan Ali, Drew Goodchild, Rhiannan Harling, Ravi Bhatterjee, Wendy Goddard, Chloe Davison, Stephen Duberly, Jeanette Hargreaves, Rachel Bolton, Miriam Davey, David Golden, Rebecca Seaman, Shiney Cherian, Sean Cutler, Anne Emma Heron, Anna Roynon-Reed, Tamas Szakmany, Gemma Williams, Owen Richards, Yusuf Cheema, Hollie Brooke, Sarah Buckley, Jose Cebrian Suarez, Ruth Charlesworth, Karen Hansson, John Norris, Alice Poole, Alastair Rose, Rajdeep Sandhu, Brendan Sloan, Elizabeth Smithson, Muthu Thirumaran, Veronica Wagstaff, Alexandra Metcalfe, Mark Brunton, Jess Caterson, Holly Coles, Matthew Frise, Sabi Gurung Rai, Nicola Jacques, Liza Keating, Emma Tilney, Shauna Bartley, Parminder Bhuie, Sian Gibson, Amanda Lyle, Fiona McNeela, Jayachandran Radhakrishnan, Alistair Hughes, Bryan Yates, Jessica Reynolds, Helen Campbell, Maria Thompsom, Steve Dodds, Stacey Duffy, Sandra Greer, Karen Shuker, Ascanio Tridente, Reena Khade, Ashok Sundar, George Tsinaslanidis, Isobel Birkinshaw, Joseph Carter, Kate Howard, Joanne Ingham, Rosie Joy, Harriet Pearson, Samantha Roche, Zoe Scott, Hollie Bancroft, Mary Bellamy, Margaret Carmody, Jacqueline Daglish, Faye Moore, Joanne Rhodes, Mirriam Sangombe, Salma Kadiri, Maria Croft, Ian White, Victoria Frost, Maia Aquino, Rajeev Jha, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Lai Lim, Li Lim, Edward Combes, Teishel Joefield, Sonja Monnery, Valerie Beech, Sallyanne Trotman, Christine Almaden-Boyle, Pauline Austin, Louise Cabrelli, Stephen Cole, Matt Casey, Susan Chapman, Clare Whyte, Yolanda Baird, Aaron Butler, Indra Chadbourn, Linda Folkes, Heather Fox, Amy Gardner, Raquel Gomez, Gillian Hobden, Luke Hodgson, Kirsten King, Michael Margarson, Tim Martindale, Emma Meadows, Dana Raynard, Yvette Thirlwall, David Helm, Jordi Margalef, Kristine Criste, Rebecca Cusack, Kim Golder, Hannah Golding, Oliver Jones, Samantha Leggett, Michelle Male, Martyna Marani, Kirsty Prager, Toran Williams, Belinda Roberts, Karen Salmon, Peter Anderson, Katie Archer, Karen Austin, Caroline Davis, Alison Durie, Olivia Kelsall, Jessica Thrush, Charlie Vigurs, Laura Wild, Hannah-Louise Wood, Helen Tranter, Alison Harrison, Nicholas Cowley, Michael McAlindon, Andrew Burtenshaw, Stephen Digby, Emma Low, Aled Morgan, Naiara Cother, Tobias Rankin, Sarah Clayton, Alex McCurdy, Cecilia Ahmed, Balvinder Baines, Sarah Clamp, Julie Colley, Risna Haq, Anne Hayes, Jonathan Hulme, Samia Hussain, Sibet Joseph, Rita Kumar, Zahira Maqsood, Manjit Purewal, Leonie Benham, Zena Bradshaw, Joanna Brown, Melanie Caswell, Jason Cupitt, Sarah Melling, Stephen Preston, Nicola Slawson, Emma Stoddard, Scott Warden, Bethan Deacon, Ceri Lynch, Carla Pothecary, Lisa Roche, Gwenllian Sera Howe, Jayaprakash Singh, Keri Turner, Hannah Ellis, Natalie Stroud, Jodie Hunt, Joy Dearden, Emma Dobson, Andy Drummond, Michelle Mulcahy, Sheila Munt, Grainne O'Connor, Jennifer Philbin, Chloe Rishton, Redmond Tully, Sarah Winnard, Susanne Cathcart, Katharine Duffy, Alex Puxty, Kathryn Puxty, Lynne Turner, Jane Ireland, Gary Semple, Kate Long, Simon Whiteley, Elizabeth Wilby, Bethan Ogg, Amanda Cowton, Andrea Kay, Melanie Kent, Kathryn Potts, Ami Wilkinson, Suzanne Campbell, Ellen Brown, Julie Melville, Jay Naisbitt, Rosane Joseph, Maria Lazo, Olivia Walton, Alan Neal, Peter Alexander, Schvearn Allen, Joanne Bradley-Potts, Craig Brantwood, Jasmine Egan, Timothy Felton, Grace Padden, Luke Ward, Stuart Moss, Susannah Glasgow, Lynn Abel, Michael Brett, Brian Digby, Lisa Gemmell, James Hornsby, Patrick MacGoey, Pauline O'Neil, Richard Price, Natalie Rodden, Kevin Rooney, Radha Sundaram, Nicola Thomson, Bridget Hopkins, Laura Thrasyvoulou, Heather Willis, Martyn Clark, Martina Coulding, Edward Jude, Jacqueline McCormick, Oliver Mercer, Darsh Potla, Hafiz Rehman, Heather Savill, Victoria Turner, Charlotte Downes, Kathleen Holding, Katie Riches, Mary Hilton, Mel Hayman, Deepak Subramanian, Priya Daniel, Oluronke Adanini, Nikhil Bhatia, Maines Msiska, Rebecca Collins, Ian Clement, Bijal Patel, A. Gulati, Carole Hays, K. Webster, Anne Hudson, Andrea Webster, Elaine Stephenson, Louise McCormack, Victoria Slater, Rachel Nixon, Helen Hanson, Maggie Fearby, Sinead Kelly, Victoria Bridgett, Philip Robinson, Julie Camsooksai, Charlotte Humphrey, Sarah Jenkins, Henrik Reschreiter, Beverley Wadams, Yasmin Death, Victoria Bastion, Daphene Clarke, Beena David, Harriet Kent, Rachel Lorusso, Gamu Lubimbi, Sophie Murdoch, Melchizedek Penacerrada, Alastair Thomas, Jennifer Valentine, Ana Vochin, Retno Wulandari, Brice Djeugam, Gillian Bell, Katy English, Amro Katary, Louise Wilcox, Michelle Bruce, Karen Connolly, Tracy Duncan, Helen T-Michael, Gabriella Lindergard, Samuel Hey, Claire Fox, Jordan Alfonso, Laura Jayne Durrans, Jacinta Guerin, Bethan Blackledge, Jade Harris, Martin Hruska, Ayaa Eltayeb, Thomas Lamb, Tracey Hodgkiss, Lisa Cooper, Joanne Rothwell, Angela Allan, Felicity Anderson, Callum Kaye, Jade Liew, Jasmine Medhora, Teresa Scott, Erin Trumper, Adriana Botello, Liana Lankester, Nikitas Nikitas, Colin Wells, Bethan Stowe, Kayleigh Spencer, Craig Brandwood, Lara Smith, Katie Birchall, Laurel Kolakaluri, Deborah Baines, Anila Sukumaran, Elena Apetri, Cathrine Basikolo, Laura Catlow, Bethan Charles, Paul Dark, Reece Doonan, Alice Harvey, Daniel Horner, Karen Knowles, Stephanie Lee, Diane Lomas, Chloe Lyons, Tracy Marsden, Danielle McLaughlan, Liam McMorrow, Jessica Pendlebury, Jane Perez, Maria Poulaka, Nicola Proudfoot, Melanie Slaughter, Kathryn Slevin, Vicky Thomas, Danielle Walker, Angiy Michael, Matthew Collis, Tracey Cosier, Gemma Millen, Neil Richardson, Natasha Schumacher, Heather Weston, James Rand, Nicola Baxter, Steven Henderson, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Christopher McParland, Laura Rooney, Malcolm Sim, Gordan McCreath, Louise Akeroyd, Shereen Bano, Matt Bromley, Lucy Gurr, Tom Lawton, James Morgan, Kirsten Sellick, Deborah Warren, Brian Wilkinson, Janet McGowan, Camilla Ledgard, Amelia Stacey, Kate Pye, Ruth Bellwood, Michael Bentley, Jeremy Bewley, Zoe Garland, Lisa Grimmer, Bethany Gumbrill, Rebekah Johnson, Katie Sweet, Denise Webster, Georgia Efford, Karen Convery, Deirdre Fottrell-Gould, Lisa Hudig, Jocelyn Keshet-Price, Georgina Randell, Katie Stammers, Maria Bokhari, Vanessa Linnett, Rachael Lucas, Wendy McCormick, Jenny Ritzema, Amanda Sanderson, Helen Wild, Anthony Rostron, Alistair Roy, Lindsey Woods, Sarah Cornell, Fiona Wakinshaw, Kimberley Rogerson, Jordan Jarmain, Robert Parker, Amie Reddy, Ian Turner-Bone, Laura Wilding, Peter Harding, Caroline Abernathy, Louise Foster, Andrew Gratrix, Vicky Martinson, Priyai Parkinson, Elizabeth Stones, Llucia Carbral-Ortega, Georgia Bercades, David Brealey, Ingrid Hass, Niall MacCallum, Gladys Martir, Eamon Raith, Anna Reyes, Deborah Smyth, Letizia Zitter, Sarah Benyon, Suzie Marriott, Linda Park, Samantha Keenan, Elizabeth Gordon, Helen Quinn, Kizzy Baines, Lenka Cagova, Adama Fofano, Lucie Garner, Helen Holcombe, Sue Mepham, Alice Michael Mitchell, Lucy Mwaura, Krithivasan Praman, Alain Vuylsteke, Julie Zamikula, Bally Purewal, Vanessa Rivers, Stephanie Bell, Hayley Blakemore, Borislava Borislavova, Beverley Faulkner, Emma Gendall, Elizabeth Goff, Kati Hayes, Matt Thomas, Ruth Worner, Kerry Smith, Deanna Stephens, Louise Mew, Esther Mwaura, Richard Stewart, Felicity Williams, Lynn Wren, Sara-Beth Sutherland, Emily Bevan, Jane Martin, Dawn Trodd, Geoff Watson, Caroline Wrey Brown, Amy Collins, Waqas Khaliq, Estefania Treus Gude, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Alasdair Bamford, Emily Beech, Holly Belfield, Michael Bell, Charlene Davies, Gareth A.L. Jones, Tara McHugh, Hamza Meghari, Lauran O'Neill, Mark J. Peters, Samiran Ray, Ana Luisa Tomas, Iona Burn, Geraldine Hambrook, Katarina Manso, Ruth Penn, Pradeep Shanmugasundaram, Julie Tebbutt, Danielle Thornton, Jade Cole, Rhys Davies, Donna Duffin, Helen Hill, Ben Player, Emma Thomas, Angharad Williams, Denise Griffin, Nycola Muchenje, Mcdonald Mupudzi, Richard Partridge, Jo-Anna Conyngham, Rachel Thomas, Mary Wright, Maria Alvarez Corral, Reni Jacob, Cathy Jones, Craig Denmade, Sarah Beavis, Katie Dale, Rachel Gascoyne, Joanne Hawes, Kelly Pritchard, Lesley Stevenson, Amanda Whileman, Patricia Doble, Joanne Hutter, Corinne Pawley, Charmaine Shovelton, Marius Vaida, Deborah Butcher, Susie O'Sullivan, Nicola Butterworth-Cowin, Norfaizan Ahmad, Joann Barker, Kris Bauchmuller, Sarah Bird, Kay Cawthron, Kate Harrington, Yvonne Jackson, Faith Kibutu, Becky Lenagh, Shamiso Masuko, Gary H. Mills, Ajay Raithatha, Matthew Wiles, Jayne Willson, Helen Newell, Alison Lye, Lorenza Nwafor, Claire Jarman, Sarah Rowland-Jones, David Foote, Joby Cole, Roger Thompson, James Watson, Lisa Hesseldon, Irene Macharia, Luke Chetam, Jacqui Smith, Amber Ford, Samantha Anderson, Kathryn Birchall, Kay Housley, Sara Walker, Leanne Milner, Helena Hanratty, Helen Trower, Patrick Phillips, Simon Oxspring, Ben Donne, Catherine Jardine, Dewi Williams, Alasdair Hay, Rebecca Flanagan, Gareth Hughes, Scott Latham, Emma McKenna, Jennifer Anderson, Robert Hull, Kat Rhead, Carina Cruz, Natalie Pattison, Rob Charnock, Denise McFarland, Denise Cosgrove, Ashar Ahmed, Anna Morris, Srinivas Jakkula, Asifa Ali, Megan Brady, Sam Dale, Annalisa Dance, Lisa Gledhill, Jill Greig, Kathryn Hanson, Kelly Holdroyd, Marie Home, Diane Kelly, Ross Kitson, Lear Matapure, Deborah Melia, Samantha Mellor, Tonicha Nortcliffe, Jez Pinnell, Matthew Robinson, Lisa Shaw, Ryan Shaw, Lesley Thomis, Alison Wilson, Tracy Wood, Lee-Ann Bayo, Ekta Merwaha, Tahira Ishaq, Sarah Hanley, Meg Hibbert, Dariusz Tetla, Chrsitopher Woodford, Latha Durga, Gareth Kennard-Holden, Debbie Branney, Jordan Frankham, Sally Pitts, Nigel White, Shondipon Laha, Mark Verlander, Alexandra Williams, Abdelhakim Altabaibeh, Ana Alvaro, Kayleigh Gilbert, Louise Ma, Loreta Mostoles, Chetan Parmar, Kathryn Simpson, Champa Jetha, Lauren Booker, Anezka Pratley, Colene Adams, Anita Agasou, Tracie Arden, Amy Bowes, Pauline Boyle, Mandy Beekes, Heather Button, Nigel Capps, Mandy Carnahan, Anne Carter, Danielle Childs, Denise Donaldson, Kelly Hard, Fran Hurford, Yasmin Hussain, Ayesha Javaid, James Jones, Sanal Jose, Michael Leigh, Terry Martin, Helen Millward, Nichola Motherwell, Rachel Rikunenko, Jo Stickley, Julie Summers, Louise Ting, Helen Tivenan, Louise Tonks, Rebecca Wilcox, Maureen Holland, Natalie Keenan, Marc Lyons, Helen Wassall, Chris Marsh, Mervin Mahenthran, Emma Carter, Thomas Kong, Helen Blackman, Ben Creagh-Brown, Sinead Donlon, Natalia Michalak-Glinska, Sheila Mtuwa, Veronika Pristopan, Armorel Salberg, Eleanor Smith, Sarah Stone, Charles Piercy, Jerik Verula, Dorota Burda, Rugia Montaser, Lesley Harden, Irving Mayangao, Cheryl Marriott, Paul Bradley, Celia Harris, Susan Anderson, Eleanor Andrews, Janine Birch, Emma Collins, Kate Hammerton, Ryan O'Leary, Michele Clark, Sarah Purvis, Russell Barber, Claire Hewitt, Annette Hilldrith, Karen Jackson-Lawrence, Sarah Shepardson, Maryanne Wills, Susan Butler, Silvia Tavares, Amy Cunningham, Julia Hindale, Sarwat Arif, Sarah Bean, Karen Burt, Michael Spivey, Carrie Demetriou, Charlotte Eckbad, Sarah Hierons, Lucy Howie, Sarah Mitchard, Lidia Ramos, Alfredo Serrano-Ruiz, Katie White, Fiona Kelly, Daniele Cristiano, Natalie Dormand, Zohreh Farzad, Mahitha Gummadi, Kamal Liyanage, Brijesh Patel, Sara Salmi, Geraldine Sloane, Vicky Thwaites, Mathew Varghese, Anelise C. Zborowski, John Allan, Tim Geary, Gordon Houston, Alistair Meikle, Peter O'Brien, Miranda Forsey, Agilan Kaliappan, Anne Nicholson, Joanne Riches, Mark Vertue, Elizabeth Allan, Kate Darlington, Ffyon Davies, Jack Easton, Sumit Kumar, Richard Lean, Daniel Menzies, Richard Pugh, Xinyi Qiu, Llinos Davies, Hannah Williams, Jeremy Scanlon, Gwyneth Davies, Callum Mackay, Joannne Lewis, Stephanie Rees, Metod Oblak, Monica Popescu, Mini Thankachen, Andrew Higham, Kerry Simpson, Jayne Craig, Rosie Baruah, Sheila Morris, Susie Ferguson, Amy Shepherd, Luke Stephen Prockter Moore, Marcela Paola Vizcaychipi, Laura Gomes de Almeida Martins, Jaime Carungcong, Inthakab Ali Mohamed Ali, Karen Beaumont, Mark Blunt, Zoe Coton, Hollie Curgenven, Mohamed Elsaadany, Kay Fernandes, Sameena Mohamed Ally, Harini Rangarajan, Varun Sarathy, Sivarupan Selvanayagam, Dave Vedage, Matthew White, Mandy Gill, Paul Paul, Valli Ratnam, Sarah Shelton, Inez Wynter, Siobhain Carmody, Valerie Joan Page, Claire Marie Beith, Karen Black, Suzanne Clements, Alan Morrison, Dominic Strachan, Margaret Taylor, Michelle Clarkson, Stuart D'Sylva, Kathryn Norman, Fiona Auld, Joanne Donnachie, Ian Edmond, Lynn Prentice, Nikole Runciman, Dario Salutous, Lesley Symon, Anne Todd, Patricia Turner, Abigail Short, Laura Sweeney, Euan Murdoch, Dhaneesha Senaratne, Michaela Hill, Thogulava Kannan, Wild Laura, Rikki Crawley, Abigail Crew, Mishell Cunningham, Allison Daniels, Laura Harrison, Susan Hope, Ken Inweregbu, Sian Jones, Nicola Lancaster, Jamie Matthews, Alice Nicholson, Gemma Wray, Helen Langton, Rachel Prout, Malcolm Watters, Catherine Novis, Anthony Barron, Ciara Collins, Sundeep Kaul, Heather Passmore, Claire Prendergast, Anna Reed, Paula Rogers, Rajvinder Shokkar, Meriel Woodruff, Hayley Middleton, Oliver Polgar, Claire Nolan, Kanta Mahay, Dawn Collier, Anil Hormis, Victoria Maynard, Cheryl Graham, Rachel Walker, Ellen Knights, Alicia Price, Alice Thomas, Chris Thorpe, Teresa Behan, Caroline Burnett, Jonathan Hatton, Elaine Heeney, Atideb Mitra, Maria Newton, Rachel Pollard, Rachael Stead, Vishal Amin, Elena Anastasescu, Vikram Anumakonda, Komala Karthik, Rizwana Kausar, Karen Reid, Jacqueline Smith, Janet Imeson-Wood, Denise Skinner, Jane Gaylard, Dee Mullan, Julie Newman, Alison Brown, Vikki Crickmore, Gabor Debreceni, Joy Wilkins, Liz Nicol, Rosie Reece-Anthony, Mark Birt, Alison Ghosh, Emma Williams, Louise Allen, Eva Beranova, Nikki Crisp, Joanne Deery, Tracy Hazelton, Alicia Knight, Carly Price, Sorrell Tilbey, Salah Turki, Sharon Turney, Joshua Cooper, Cheryl Finch, Sarah Liderth, Alison Quinn, Natalia Waddington, Tina Coventry, Susan Fowler, Michael MacMahon, Amanda McGregor, Anne Cowley, Judith Highgate, Jane Gregory, Susan O'Connell, Tim Smith, Luigi Barberis, Shameer Gopal, Nichola Harris, Victoria Lake, Stella Metherell, Elizabeth Radford, Amelia Daniel, Joanne Finn, Rajnish Saha, Nikki White, Phil Donnison, Fiona Trim, Beena Eapen, Jenny Birch, Laura Bough, Josie Goodsell, Rebecca Tutton, Patricia Williams, Sarah Williams, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Ailstair Nichol, Kathy Brickell, Michelle Smyth, Lorna Murphy, Samantha Coetzee, Alistair Gales, Igor Otahal, Meena Raj, Craig Sell, Paula Hilltout, Jayne Evitts, Amanda Tyler, Joanne Waldron, Kate Beesley, Sarah Board, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Alison Lewis, Jess Perry, Lucy Pippard, Di Wood, Clare Buckley, Peter Barry, Neil Flint, Patel Rekha, Dawn Hales, Lara Bunni, Claire Jennings, Monica Latif, Rebecca Marshall, Gayathri Subramanian, Peter J. McGuigan, Christopher Wasson, Stephanie Finn, Jackie Green, Erin Collins, Bernadette King, Andy Campbell, Sara Smuts, Joseph Duffield, Oliver Smith, Lewis Mallon, Watkins Claire, Liam Botfield, Joanna Butler, Catherine Dexter, Jo Fletcher, Atul Garg, Aditya Kuravi, Poonam Ranga, Emma Virgilio, Zakaula Belagodu, Bridget Fuller, Anca Gherman, Olumide Olufuwa, Remi Paramsothy, Carmel Stuart, Naomi Oakley, Charlotte Kamundi, David Tyl, Katy Collins, Pedro Silva, June Taylor, Laura King, Charlotte Coates, Maria Crowley, Phillipa Wakefield, Jane Beadle, Laura Johnson, Janet Sargeant, Madeleine Anderson, Ailbhe Brady, Rebekah Chan, Jeff Little, Shane McIvor, Helena Prady, Helen Whittle, Bijoy Mathew, Ben Attwood, Penny Parsons, Geraldine Ward, Pamela Bremmer, West Joe, Baird Tracy, Ruddy Jim, Ellie Davies, Sonia Sathe, Catherine Dennis, Alastair McGregor, Victoria Parris, Sinduya Srikaran, Anisha Sukha, Noreen Clarke, Jonathan Whiteside, Mairi Mascarenhas, Avril Donaldson, Joanna Matheson, Fiona Barrett, Marianne O'Hara, Laura Okeefe, Clare Bradley, Christine Eastgate-Jackson, Helder Filipe, Daniel Martin, Amitaa Maharajh, Sara Mingo Garcia, Glykeria Pakou, Mark De Neef, Kathy Dent, Elizabeth Horsley, Muhmmad Nauman Akhtar, Sandra Pearson, Dorota Potoczna, Sue Spencer, Melanie Clapham, Rosemary Harper, Una Poultney, Polly Rice, Rachel Mutch, Lisa Armstrong, Hayley Bates, Emma Dooks, Fiona Farquhar, Brigid Hairsine, Chantal McParland, Sophie Packham, Rehana Bi, Barney Scholefield, Lydia Ashton, Linsha George, Sophie Twiss, David Wright, Manish Chablani, Amy Kirkby, Kimberley Netherton, Kim Davies, Linda O'Brien, Zohra Omar, Emma Perkins, Tracy Lewis, Isobel Sutherland, Karen Burns, Dr Ben Chandler, Kerry Elliott, Janine Mallinson, Alison Turnbull, Prisca Gondo, Bernard Hadebe, Abdul Kayani, Bridgett Masunda, Taya Anderson, Dan Hawcutt, Laura O'Malley, Laura Rad, Naomi Rogers, Paula Saunderson, Kathryn Sian Allison, Deborah Afolabi, Jennifer Whitbread, Dawn Jones, Rachael Dore, Matthew Halkes, Pauline Mercer, Lorraine Thornton, Joy Dawson, Sweyn Garrioch, Melanie Tolson, Jonathan Aldridge, Ritoo Kapoor, David Loader, Karen Castle, Sally Humphreys, Ruth Tampsett, Katherine Mackintosh, Amanda Ayers, Wendy Harrison, Julie North, Suzanne Allibone, Roman Genetu, Vidya Kasipandian, Amit Patel, Ainhi Mac, Anthony Murphy, Parisa Mahjoob, Roonak Nazari, Lucy Worsley, Andrew Fagan, Thomas Bemand, Ethel Black, Arnold Dela Rosa, Ryan Howle, Shaman Jhanji, Ravishankar Rao Baikady, Kate Colette Tatham, Benjamin Thomas, Dina Bell, Rosalind Boyle, Katie Douglas, Lynn Glass, Emma Lee, Liz Lennon, Austin Rattray, Abigail Taylor, Rachel Anne Hughes, Helen Thomas, Alun Rees, Michaela Duskova, Janet Phipps, Suzanne Brooks, Michelle Edwards, Sheena Quaid, Ekaterina Watson, Adam Brayne, Emma Fisher, Jane Hunt, Peter Jackson, Duncan Kaye, Nicholas Love, Juliet Parkin, Victoria Tuckey, Lynne Van Koutrik, Sasha Carter, Benedict Andrew, Louise Findlay, Katie Adams, Jen Service, Alison Williams, Claire Cheyne, Anne Saunderson, Sam Moultrie, Miranda Odam, Kathryn Hall, Isheunesu Mapfunde, Charlotte Willis, Alex Lyon, Chunda Sri-Chandana, Joslan Scherewode, Lorraine Stephenson, Sarah Marsh, John Hardy, Henry Houlden, Eleanor Moncur, Ambreen Tariq, Arianna Tucci, Maria Hobrok, Ronda Loosley, Heather McGuinness, Helen Tench, Rebecca Wolf-Roberts, Val Irvine, Benjamin Shelley, Claire Gorman, Abhinav Gupta, Elizabeth Timlick, Rebecca Brady, Barry Milligan, Arianna Bellini, Jade Bryant, Anton Mayer, Amy Pickard, Nicholas Roe, Jason Sowter, Alex Howlett, Katy Fidler, Emma Tagliavini, and Kevin Donnelly

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, host genetics, toll-like receptor 7, targeted sequencing, rare variants, variant collapsing analysis, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Summary: Despite extensive global research into genetic predisposition for severe COVID-19, knowledge on the role of rare host genetic variants and their relation to other risk factors remains limited. Here, 52 genes with prior etiological evidence were sequenced in 1,772 severe COVID-19 cases and 5,347 population-based controls from Spain/Italy. Rare deleterious TLR7 variants were present in 2.4% of young (

Published
2024
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41. An ‘alcohol health champions’ intervention to reduce alcohol harm in local communities: a mixed-methods evaluation of a natural experiment

Author

Elizabeth J Burns, Frank de Vocht, Noemia Siqueira, Cathy Ure, Suzanne Audrey, Margaret Coffey, Susan Hare, Suzy C Hargreaves, Mira Hidajat, Steve Parrott, Lauren Scott, and Penny A Cook

Subjects
alcohol, asset-based community development, brief intervention, licensing, community engagement, stepped-wedge, natural experiment, volunteers, triangulation, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background Globally alcohol consumption is a leading risk factor for premature death and disability and is associated with crime, social and economic consequences. Local communities may be able to play a role in addressing alcohol-related issues in their area. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and cost–benefit of an asset-based community development approach to reducing alcohol-related harm and understand the context and factors that enable or hinder its implementation. Design A mixed-methods evaluation. Area-level quasi-experimental trial analysed using four different evaluation methods (a stepped-wedge design where each area was a control until it entered the intervention, comparison to matched local/national controls and comparison to synthetic controls), alongside process and economic evaluations. Setting Ten local authorities in Greater Manchester, England. Participants The outcomes evaluation was analysed at an area level. Ninety-three lay persons representing nineareas completed questionnaires, with 12 follow-up interviews in five areas; 20 stakeholders representing ten areas were interviewed at baseline, with 17 follow-up interviews in eight areas and 26 members of the public from two areas attended focus groups. Interventions Professionals in a co-ordinator role recruited and supported lay volunteers who were trained to become alcohol health champions. The champion’s role was to provide informal, brief alcohol advice to the local population and take action to strengthen restrictions on alcohol availability. Main outcome measures Numbers of alcohol-related hospital admissions, accident and emergency attendances, ambulance call-outs, street-level crime and antisocial behaviour in the intervention areas (area size: 1600–5500 residents). Set-up and running costs were collected alongside process evaluation data exploring barriers and facilitators. Data sources Routinely collected quantitative data on outcome measures aggregated at the intervention area and matched control and synthetic control areas. Data from policy documents, licensing registers, meeting notes, invoices, time/cost diaries, training registers, questionnaires, interviews, reflective diaries and focus groups. Results The intervention rolled out in nine out of ten areas, seven of which ran for a full 12 months. Areas with better-established infrastructure at baseline were able to train more champions. In total, 123 alcohol health champions were trained (95 lay volunteers and 28 professionals): lay volunteers self-reported positive impact. Champions engaged in brief advice conversations more readily than taking action on alcohol availability. There were no consistent differences in the health and crime area-level indicators between intervention areas and controls, as confirmed by using three different analysis methods for evaluating natural experiments. The intervention was not found to be cost-beneficial. Limitations Although the sequential roll-out order of the intervention was randomised, the selection of the intervention areas was not. Self-reported impact may have been subject to social desirability bias due to the project’s high profile. Conclusions There was no measurable impact on health and crime outcomes. Possible explanations include too few volunteers trained, volunteers being unwilling to get involved in licensing decisions, or that the intervention has no direct impact on the selected outcomes. Future work Future similar interventions should use a coproduced community outcomes framework. Other natural experiment evaluations should use methodological triangulation to strengthen inferences about effectiveness. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN81942890. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (NIHR award ref: 15/129/03) and is published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 12, No. 9. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information. Plain language summary What was the question? Alcohol consumption puts an individual’s health and social relationships at risk of harm. The more a person drinks, the more harmful it is. The harmful effects can place a burden on emergency services and hospitals. We wanted to find out whether community members can make a difference by taking action to address alcohol harm in their local area. What did we do? Local councils in Greater Manchester developed a project called Communities in Charge of Alcohol, where volunteers in targeted local areas were trained to become ‘alcohol health champions’. Alcohol health champions gave alcohol-related brief advice to people to help them drink less. They had a say about when, where and how alcohol is sold by reporting issues to their local council. We compared numbers of alcohol-related hospital admissions, accident and emergency attendances, ambulance call-outs and reports of crime and antisocial behaviour between areas that had alcohol health champions with other similar areas in England that did not. We calculated how much it costs to run and whether Communities in Charge of Alcohol could save society money. What did we find? Not as many volunteers came forward to become an alcohol health champion as hoped for. Those who did give alcohol-related brief advice to people. They preferred not to report issues about alcohol sales to their local council, either because it was too complicated or because they did not want to be called a ‘grass’. We did not find levels of alcohol harm changed in the Communities in Charge of Alcohol areas. Because of this, we could not demonstrate that Communities in Charge of Alcohol could save society money. What does this mean? Getting involved in alcohol licensing decisions needs to be made easier for communities, with more anonymity, through the support of professionals. More work needs to be done to understand whether giving brief advice can reduce alcohol harm in whole communities. Scientific summary Background The availability of, and access to, alcohol is a key determinant of alcohol harm, and powers exist within the Licensing Act 2003 of England and Wales that enable the public to influence the local sale and supply of alcohol. At an individual level, implementing programmes to promote early risk identification and brief advice have the potential to reduce alcohol consumption and prevent alcohol-related harm, but there is a dearth of evidence to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of lay people having a role. The Greater Manchester (GM) Combined Authority (GMCA) and Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership (GMHSCP) designed a new programme, ‘Communities in Charge of Alcohol’ (CICA) in 2017 to train lay volunteers to become alcohol health champions (AHCs), who would be able to (1) give alcohol-related brief advice to individuals and (2) help communities influence alcohol availability and strengthen restrictions in alcohol risk environments. Overall aims To evaluate the effectiveness and cost–benefit of implementing a locally delivered AHC intervention and understand the context and factors that enable or hinder the intervention. Objectives Relating to the outcome evaluation: to determine the effect on area-level key health performance indicators: alcohol-related hospital admissions (narrow measure), weekend accident and emergency (A&E) attendances (Friday 3 p.m.–Sunday 3 p.m.), weekday A&E attendances (Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. each day), weekend ambulance call-outs (Friday 3 p.m.–Sunday 3 p.m.), weekday ambulance call-outs (Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. each day) to determine the effect on key crime indicators (street-level crime data) at the weekend (Friday 3 p.m.–Sunday 3 p.m.) and weekday (Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. each day) to determine the effect on key antisocial behaviour (ASB) indicators (police recorded calls for service were classified as ASB according to the National Standard for Incident Recording). Relating to the process evaluation: to explore policy context and variation in licensing practice, including any impact of devolution in GM to explore barriers and facilitators at key stages of the implementation of the intervention: recruitment of AHCs to initial training and cascade training, delivery of initial training and cascade training, use of skills beyond the training in AHC activity, retention of AHCs to explore responses to AHC training, modelling of health behaviours, perceptions of community cohesion and development to determine numbers of brief interventions applied and community awareness events organised/participated in to examine and quantify the amount and success of community involvement in licensing issues to determine whether there was a change in composite measures of alcohol availability. Relating to the economic evaluation: to identify set-up and running costs using a standardised costing exercise to resolve costs by sector (health, ambulance and police) before, during and after set-up to quantify benefits due to reduced hospital admissions, ambulance call-outs, A&E use, crime and ASB. Methods Communities in Charge of Alcohol was a complex intervention already planned by the GMCA in 10 small local authority areas (~1600–5500 residents each) and was outside direct researcher control. Intervention areas were chosen by each local authority public health team as having high levels of alcohol harm in comparison to the rest of the local authority. All intervention areas were at the bottom of the deprivation index, in deprivation decile 1 or 2. Using a stepped-wedge design, researchers were able to randomise the order of roll-out of intervention areas to bring a quasi-experimental approach to the evaluation. Two additional evaluation designs were used in order to triangulate findings, namely comparison to matched controls and comparison to synthetic controls. Ethical approval was received from the University of Salford Research Ethics Committee on 17 May 2017 (reference number: HSR1617–135) and obtained from the University of Bristol on 16 May 2019 (reference number: 82762). Outcome evaluation data sources Routinely collected data at the lower-layer super output area (LSOA) level for intervention areas was compared with control areas. Data sources were as follows: alcohol-related hospital admissions data – Public Health England (now Office for Health Improvement and Disparities) accident and emergency department attendance data – NHS Digital ambulance call-out data – North West Ambulance Service reported crime and ASB data – GM Police. Analysis spanned a 10-year period (7 years pre intervention and a maximum of 3 years post implementation), ending in January 2020. Data were analysed using log-rate growth models and time series analyses to quantify the effect of the CICA programme on key performance indicators. Process evaluation data sources Pre-implementation phase document review of local Statements of Licensing Policy (n = 9), alcohol availability composite score of on- and off-licensed premises (n = 9 areas), roll-out preparatory meeting notes. Train-the-Trainer attendance registers by area (n = 5, representing 9 areas, attended by 48 lay participants and 25 professional participants). Cascade training attendance registers by area (n = 11, representing 7 areas, attended by 47 lay participants and 3 professional participants). Pre- and post-training questionnaires (n = 93 lay people, 98% response rate). Baseline interviews with stakeholders (n = 20) (initial implementation phase); interviews with lay volunteer AHCs (n = 5, representing 3 areas) within 3–6 months of initial training (implementation phase). Follow-up interviews (12 months) with stakeholders (n = 11, representing eight areas), licensing officers (n = 6, representing six areas) and lay volunteer AHCs (n = 7, representing four areas); follow-up questionnaires with AHCs (n = 11); focus groups with local residents (n = 3 groups, representing two areas, with a total of 26 participants). Economic evaluation data sources Time and transportation costs incurred during project meetings aggregated from meeting minutes and stakeholder time/cost diaries. Invoices for the design, development and delivery of training packages and accreditation fees. Invoices for the qualification and assessment fees, time and miscellaneous (transportation, room hire, catering, printing costs). AHC time and costs aggregated from volunteer diaries and stakeholder time/cost diaries. Invoices for engagement materials (AUDIT-C scratchcards). Greater Manchester Combined Authority research team’s (formerly New Economy) cost–benefit analysis (CBA) tool was populated using aggregated outcome evaluation data to resolve costs for each key performance indicator before, during and after CICA setup. Results Nine out of 10 local authorities rolled out the CICA intervention on their given start date: seven areas completed a full year, carrying out cascade training in the first 12 months, two areas withdrew at 6 and 9 months and one area withdrew in the pre-implementation phase. There were 118 [interquartile range (IQR): 60–205] alcohol-related hospital admissions per month per pre-intervention LSOA, rising to 134 (IQR: 67–203) post intervention. Some outcomes had very small counts at the LSOA level; notably, there were only 2 (IQR: 1–3) weekend crimes per month pre-intervention and 4 (IQR: 2–6) post intervention. The primary, stepped-wedge analyses provide weak evidence of an average increase in alcohol-related hospital admissions following the implementation of CICA of about 13%, corresponding to about 20 admissions weekly, although the confidence interval was wide, −1.98 to 31.39, and not statistically significant (p~0.09), while the analysis that made use of local controls suggested a bigger effect, at 16.4% (7.33–26.16, p

Published
2024
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42. Structures and ammonia synthesis activity of hexagonal ruthenium iron nitride phases

Author

Li Shao, Angela Daisley, Michael Higham, C. Richard A. Catlow, Justin S.J. Hargreaves, and Andrew L. Hector

Subjects
Chemistry, Chemical reaction, Materials science, Science
Abstract

Summary: A series of ruthenium iron nitride phases with Ru:Fe ratios of ca. 1:3 were synthesized by ammonolysis. When the ammonolysis temperature was above 500°C, the obtained RuxFe3Ny materials had a ε-Fe3N (P6322) structure, while two similar phases were present when the ammonolysis was lower than 500°C. Powder neutron diffraction identified one phase as relating to the ε-Fe3N structure, while the other had a disordered NiAs-type (P63/mmc) structure. These ternary metal nitrides show ammonia synthesis activity at low temperature (200°C–300°C) and ambient pressure, which can be related to the loss of lattice nitrogen. Steady state catalytic performance at 400°C is associated with ruthenium-iron alloy. Additionally, density functional theory calculations were performed using an approximate model for the disordered hexagonal phase, revealing that this phase is more stable than a cubic anti-perovskite phase which has been previously investigated computationally, and corroborating the experimental findings of the present work.

Published
2024
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43. Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis – update from 2017 to 2023Research in context

Author

Bridget Chukwudile, Daniel Pan, Luisa Silva, Mayuri Gogoi, Amani Al-Oraibi, Paul Bird, Nisha George, Hayley A. Thompson, Rebecca F. Baggaley, Sally Hargreaves, Manish Pareek, and Laura B. Nellums

Subjects
Antimicrobial resistance, Bacteria, Migrants, Refugees, Europe/EU-15 or EEA, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health concern. A previous systematic review showed that migrants in Europe are at increased risk of AMR. Since the COVID-19 pandemic there have been rapid changes in patterns of antibiotic use, AMR, and migration. We aimed to present an updated evidence synthesis on the current distribution of AMR among migrants in Europe. Methods: We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022343263). We searched databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed and Scopus) from 18 January 2017 until 18 January 2023 to identify primary data from observational studies reporting any laboratory-confirmed AMR among migrants in the European Economic Area (EEA) and European Union-15 (EU-15) countries using over 7 key search terms for migrants and over 70 terms for AMR and countries in Europe. Outcomes were infection with, or colonisation of AMR bacteria. Methodological quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Observational Studies. We meta-analysed the pooled-prevalence of infection and/or colonisation of AMR organisms. Findings: Among 630 articles, 21 observational studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The pooled prevalence for any detected AMR was 28.0% (95% CI 18.0%–41.0%, I2 = 100%) compared to a 25.4% seen in the previous review; gram-negative bacteria 31.0% (95% CI 20.0%–44.0%, I2 = 100%), and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus 10.0% (95% CI 5.0%–16.0%, I2 = 99%). Drug-resistant bacteria were more prevalent in community settings in large migrant populations (pooled prevalence: 41.0%, 95% CI 24.0%–60.0%, I2 = 99%) than in hospitals (21.0%, 95% CI 12.0%–32.0%, I2 = 99%). AMR estimates in ‘other’ migrants were 32.0%, (95% CI 12.0%–57.0%, I2 = 100%) and 28.0% (95% CI 18.0%–38.0%, I2 = 100%) in forced migrants. No firm evidence of AMR acquisition with arrival time or length of stay in the host country was found. Interpretation: Studies investigating AMR in migrants are highly heterogenous. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, migrants may be at higher risk of acquiring resistant bacteria, particularly gram-negative bacteria, within community settings such as refugee camps and detention centres in Europe. Our study highlights the importance of infrastructure and hygiene measures within these settings, to mitigate transmission of resistant pathogens. Policy-makers should screen for AMR in migrants prior to departure from countries of origin, where feasible, and upon arrival to a new country to ensure optimal health screening, infection control and effective treatment. Funding: There was no funding source for this study.

Published
2024
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44. Home-based EXercise and motivAtional programme before and after Liver Transplantation (EXALT): study protocol for phase II two-centre, randomised controlled trial

Author

Gemma Slinn, Peter Brocklehurst, Clare Melikian, Chiemelie Ngonadi, Yongzhong Sun, Samir Mehta, Francesca Gowing, Alice Freer, Wendy Osborne, Karen Rockell, Nicholas Adams, Sukhwant Sehmi, Matthew J. Armstrong, Sharon Augustt, Shahida Begum, Liam Botfield, Dawn Brant, Emily Clibbens, Nigel Cope, Joan L. Duda, Sally A.M. Fenton, David J. Garside, Ashlea Hargreaves, William Leach, Daniel S. Martin, Don Milliken, Sonia Murray, Christian Price, Felicity R. Williams, and Shu Xiaoyi

Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Introduction Physical frailty is associated with increased mortality and poor quality of life (QoL) before and after liver transplantation (LT). Evidence is lacking on how to tailor exercise and behavioural techniques in this patient population.Methods and analysis Home-based EXercise and motivAtional programme before and after Liver Transplantation (EXALT) is a phase 2b, open-label, two-centre randomised controlled clinical trial designed to investigate whether a remotely monitored ‘home-based exercise and theory-based motivation support programme (HBEP)’ before and after LT improves QoL in LT recipients. Adult patients awaiting a primary LT will be assessed for eligibility at two LT centres (Birmingham, Royal Free London). Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either an HBEP while on the LT waiting list through to 24 weeks after LT (Intervention) or a patient exercise advice leaflet (Control). Using a standard method of difference in means (two-sided significance level 0.05; power 0.90) and accounting for a 35% attrition/withdrawal rate, a minimum of 133 patients will be randomised to each treatment group. The primary outcome measure will be assessed using intention-to-treat analysis of the difference in the Physical Component Score of Short form-36 version 2.0 health-related QoL questionnaire between the groups at 24 weeks post-LT.Ethics and dissemination The protocol was approved by the South Central-Hampshire A National Research Ethics Committee. Recruitment into the EXALT trial started in May 2022 and is due to end in June 2024, with 217/266 patients randomised to date. The intervention follow-up is due to finish in May 2026. The findings of this trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conferences and social media.Trial registration number ISRCTN13476586.

Published
2024
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46. Adding 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy to postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of short-course versus no androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised controlled trial

Author

Amos, Claire, Beaney, Katherine, Bellenger, Katharine, Brawley, Chris, Chung, Christina, Cook, Adrian, Embleton, Andrew, Forcat, Silvia, Goldstein, Cindy, Grabey, Jenna, Hague, Dominic, Herasimtschuk, Anna, Islam, Zaheer, Jovic, Gordana, Maniatis, Christos, Masters, Lindsey, Mohamed, Fatima, Morgan, Rachel, Murphy, Claire, Noor, Dipa, Parmar, Max, Patterson, Paul, Pickering, Holly, Pugh, Cheryl, Rauchenberger, Mary, Ribeiro, Helena, Roach, Carol, Seray-Wurie, Fatimah, Shaji, Preetha, Sims, Hannah, Spittle, Ben, Sydes, Matthew, Tappenden, Nancy, Tsang, Lilian, Uscinska, Barbara, Brown, Teddy, Casey, Sue, Davidson, Cathy, Dellar, Conor, Fletcher, Mandy, Meyer, Ralph, Murphy, Karen, Parulekar, Wendy, Richardson, Harriet, Richardson, Karen, Whelan, Kate, Bissett, Donald, Bonner-Shand, Shelagh, Grant, Judith, Lynch, Rory, MacDonald, Graham, McWilliam, Marie, Moir, Rachel, Rodwell, Sue, Shearer, Kirsty, Smith, Margaret, Binns, Louise, Briggs, Maxine, Brown, Simon, Casanova, Nathalie, Clark, Katy, Hartley, Jasmine, Henry, Ann, Henson, Helen, Hill, Pipa, Jeyasanger, Ganesan, McAlister, Judy, Parkinson, Sharron, Shaw, Alison, Alcock, Christopher, Brady, Joanne, Camilleri, Philip, Carpenter, Janice, Hogbin, Emma, Hyde, Katherine, Kavanagh, Roisin, Ngumo, Alice, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, Panakis, Niki, Pwint, Thinn, Sabharwal, Ami, Stammers, Tracey, Stone, Helena, Varley, Gail, Weaver, Andrew, Wynn, Hazel, Allan, Elaine, Ansari, Jawaher, Cannon, Philip, Carruthers, Ross, Coubrough, Claudia, Cowan, Chloe, Glen, Hilary, Graham, Janet, Hardie, Maryon, Love, Clare, Macleod, Nicholas, Mahmood, Rana, McClements, Jane, McGlynn, Brian, McKernan, Margaret, Mcleod, Nick, Othman, Aqilah, Ross, Kristy, Roxburgh, Patricia, Templeton, Maureen, Tufail, Aisha, Turley, Claudia, Wilson, Mark, Ali, Zulfiqer, Andrews, Kelly, Burns, Rebecca, Butterworth, Caryl, Coventry, Thomas, Evans, Angela, Jones, Gareth, Lewis, Sion, Oommen, Nikhil, Owen, Susan, Saxton, Wendy, Tapping, Sister Hayley, Thomas, Dianne, Thomas, Rachel, Walker, Beth, Williams, Rachel, Collard, Susan, Ford, Victoria, Goodhind, Frances, Holbrook, Becky, Kershaw, Elizabeth, Ley, Samantha, Martinez, Maria, McCormack, Anne, Sheehan, Denise, Toy, Elizabeth, Van-Koutrik, Lynne, Varughese, Mohini, Aitken, Katherine, Barlow, David, Beattie, Louise, Bownie-Mukumbu, Godfrey, Bryan, Rachel, Corner, Victoria, Edwards, Abigail, Fazekasne Fulep, Adrienn, Guerrero-Urbano, Teresa, Gwilt, Julie, Happle, Liz, Jackman, Dee, Krysta, Beata, Paisey, Sangeeta, Shaffer, Richard, Smith, Jackie, Westley, Rosalyne, Yusof, Hilawati, Appleby, Rowan, Avis, Joanne, Beresford, Mark, Brydon-Hill, Ruth, Cox, Christine, Curtis, Samantha, Elwell, Christine, Frim, Olivera, Hamilton, Beatrice, Hudson, Zoe, Jenner, Abigail, Mantle, Mark, Mason, Jessica, Masson, Susan, McFarlane, Jonathan, Newman, Hugh, Pocock, Abigail, Robertson, Bryony, Tomlinson, Eve, Wassall, Rebecca, Williams (Née Allen), Sister Tania, Brown, Grace, Clarke, Peter, Cole, Aiden, Cousins, Jane, Gilchrist, Gail, Hagan, Chris, Hanna, Emma, Harney, Jackie, Hetherington, Stacey, Houghton, Fionnuala, Hynds, Sharon, Jain, Suneil, Johnston, Ruth, Keane, Patrick, Lyons, Ciara, McAleese, Jonathan, McAllister, Jo, McKenna, Karen, Mitchell, Darren, Murray, Stacey, O'Sullivan, Joe, Rajan, Nambi, Shum, Poh Lin, Stewart, David, Stranex, Stephen, Totten, Grace, Chandrashekara, Madhura, Drew, Ellen, Drew, Mary (Ellen), Fletcher, Julie, Gamble, Tina, Lokes, Rachel, Schumacher, Ann, Shetty, Kavitha, Sohanpal, Sundip, Whitehouse, James, Zarkar, Anjali, Ford, Daniel, Glaholm, John, Lenton, Daniel, O'Beney, Rachael, Taylor, Helen, Thomas, Helen, Chetiyawardana, Samantha, Doherty, A, El-Modir, Ahmed, Gunn, Melanie, James, Nicholas, Kedge, Liz, Mannan, Aliyah, Marange, Josephine, Morrison, Andrew, Okubanjo, Maryanne, Olaniyi-Oduntan, Darlletta, Peterkin, Zhane, Preece, George, Qureshi, Zayn, Ross, Liliam, Samra, Tarandip, Southgate, Elizabeth, Stephens, Rebekah, Stevenson, Robert, Watson-Jones, Phillip, Abdulwahid, Danya, Ainsworth, Sarah, Ashworth, Sue, Beard, Karen, Charnley, Natalie, Desai, Parth, Fielding, Bethany, Flaherty, Jan, Forrest, Diane, Frankland, Helen, Haidar, Imran, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Henry, Joanne, Hugill, Angela, Jewers, Karen, Keith, Sarah, Kilroy, Stephen, King, Jennifer, Parikh, Omi, Riley, Karen, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Thomas, Jacqueline, Thompson, Catherine, Tickle, Vivienne, Waring, Lynsey, Wise, Marcus, Dawson, Louise, Ditchfield, Julie, Al-Samarraie, Amir, Bolger, Annette, Davies, Llinos, Flavin, Aileen, Heron, Jane, Hughes, Faye, Jackson, Kim, Lewis, Joanne, Manley, Rachel, Rutter, Charley-Anne, Smith, Nick, Srinivasan, Vaiku, Stockport, Jane, Thomas, Heather, Toussi, H, Wood, Cathryn, Archer, Simon, Fletcher, Joanne, Ginnelly, Helen, Kirkby, Amy, Knight (n. Sherburn), Victoria, Lawrence nee Palmer, Tara, Mashegede, Beverley, Metcalf, Karen, Panades, Miguel, Sreenivasan, Thiagarajan, Szymiczek, Kinga, Thomas, Isobel, Young, Anita, Broadley, Eve, Brock, Sue, Davies, Joseph, Jones, Stephanie, McCully, Ruby, Naraine, Nicky, Preece, Kate, Purandare, Laura, Rabbi, Taslima, Savage, Sarah, Vamplew, Luke, Bamford, Linda, Benton, Richard, Cotterill, Lauren, Inman, Hayley, Karsera, Louise, Kay, Anne Marie, Kenyon, Lucille, Lazarte, Jannika, McNulty, Dawn, Moore, Eleanor, Nallathambi, Chandran, Naylor, Deirdre, Owen, Lisa, Parikh, Shefali, Pendrill, Amy, Price, Joanne, Robertshaw, Helen, Rodda, Sree, Sewell, Jane, Teo, Mark, Waldron, Eleanor, Bloomfield, David, Blythe, Tracy, Brown, Joanne, Carr, Philippa, Chambers, Carla, Dlodlo, Jessica, Frattaroli, Paul, Gilbert, Duncan, Hart, Andrew, Hodges, Samantha, Hooper, Simon, Hunter, Catherine, Lactao, Ranee, Leitao, Madalena, McKinna, Fiona, Nikapota, Ashok, Peterson, Jane, Robinson, Angus, Tremlett, Jean, Webb, Andrew, Wilkins, Marie, Young, Bobbie, Bahl, Amit, Baxter, Matt, Bowers, Dawn, Challipalli, Amarnath, Coe, Marc, Cowley, Sue, Gillatt, David, Griffiths, Dorothy, Henson (nee Savidge), Verity, Hilman, Serena, Hollister, Robert, Kisanga, Mary, Lee, Vivienne, Lowe, Amelia, Macefield, Rhiannon, Pegler, Ruth, Robertson, Peter, Saldanha, Helen, Simmonds, Mary, Sims, Laura, Wheeler, Lucie, Wilson, Paula, Woods, Martin, Yarrow, Sue, Zelley, Sarah, Abd Alazeez, Mohamed, Alderton, Kate, Brain, Carol, Chilcott, Helen, Clarke, Samantha, Cobos-Arrivabene, Marta, Corderoy, Helen, Cousins, Rebecca, Garner, Victoria, Herbert, Chris, Johnson, Lyndsey, Jones, Kathryn, Kemp, Gail, Kirkby, Sarah, Kirkpatrick, Suriya, Koupparis, Anthony, Manning, Courtney, Oxley, Jon, Perry, Emily, Persad, Raj, Phipps, Charlotte, Richmond-Russell, Kerry, Rowe, Edward, Shelton, Luke, Shiridzinomwa, Constance, Smith, Carolyn, Treasure, Ann, Wyatt, Clare, Beesley, Katherine, Benson, Richard, Couch, Ellie, Foxwell, Sue, Goss, Vanessa, Harnwell, Juliette, Hughes-Davies, Luke, Joslin, Vicky, Laubscher, Angelique, Mazhar, Danish, Patterson, Helen, Raj, Sanjay, Ramanujachar, Ramya, Rimmer, Yvonne, Robinson, Nicola, Russell, Simon, Stone, Matthew, Thomas, Robert, Treeby, Jo, Vickery, Kathryn, Woodward, Cathryn, Ahmed, Ilyas, Appleby, Bonny, Brulinski, Patryk, Buckley, Julie, Catt, Natalie, Coppins, Helen, Crawford, Sister Denise, Davies, Julie-Ann, Drakeley, Susan, Edwards, Albert, Evans, Clary, Galante, Joao, Gladwell, Louise, Gough, Jessica, Hargreaves, Carolyn, Hegarty, Gemma, Kehoe, Laura, Larkins, Rachel, Lipsham, Margaret, Little, Jessica, Malde, Rohit, Middleton, Sharon, Mikropoulos, Christos, Mirza, Arafat, Mithal, Natasha, Nathan, Kannon, Raman, Rakesh, Rendall, Alice, Robinson, Karen, Ryan, Rachel, Sim, Van, Swann, Michelle, Tasker, Lorraine, Taylor, Katy, Thomas, Carys, Trigonis, Ioannis, Walker, Karen, Williams, Joanne, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wood, Marian, Wood, Pauline, Zurakovsky, Hilary, Bois (nee Harris), Elizabeth, Chan, Hin Fan, Chikopela, Loveness, Clark, Helen, Clements, Colette, Holliday, Samantha, Hughes, Owen, Jones, Clare, Kynaston, Howard, Mason, Malcolm, Narahari, Krishna, Pearse, Kevin, Staffurth, John, Austin, Mandy, Barnett, Christian, Camburn, Sister Tracey, Dawson, Elizabeth, Gibson, Sian, Hamid, Abdel, Kancherla, Kiran, Leone, Priscilla, Perkins, Lauren, Ramsay, Valerie, Singizi, Bryan, Allen, Julie, Anderson, Susan, Andrews (nee Moore), Eleanor, Bakawala, Rehana, Beazer, Sarah, Binks, Colin, Bowen, Jo, Broomfield, Barbara, Cook, Audrey, Crossley, Lin, Ford, Chris, Forkes, Janet, Hall, Julia, Healey-Mariano, Jennifer, Jenkins, Peter, Johnson, Nigel, Jonnada, Sai, Owen, Roger, Pratten, Elaine, Sayers, Rachel, Shimell, Chris, Skelton, Amy, Tan, Matthew, Trigg-Hogarth, Kate, Wronski, Sue, Aldous, Mary, Archer, Denise, Eccleson, Helen, Gallimore, Elizabeth, Green, Sue, Ibrahim, Azman, Jones, Carys, Prince, Jude, Chrystal, Melanie, Din, Omar, Firth, Alexandra, Ford, Nicky, Kirkbride, Peter, Martindale, John, Redfearn, Alison, Smedley (nee McCabe), Janine, Smith, Lucy, Sorice, Vittoria, Stevenson, Lesley, Toms, Julie, Wood, Sister Kim, Barke, Nyssa, Basu, Devy, Dewar, Lorna, Driscoll, Celine, Hunting, Liz, Kumar, Muthar, Mabelin, Louies, Sizer, Bruce, Thorogood, Lucy, Askew, Sarah, Beech, Darren, Broom, Jane, Duley, Emma, Firth, Elizabeth, Gould, Aaron, Hocking, Christopher, Johns, Louise, Kent, Emma, Madine, John, Partridge, Kerena, Penhaligon, Corrine, Pentecost, Catherine, Pollard, Kay, Poultney, Melissa, Pynsent, William, Skewes, Johanna, Steele, Anita, Thomson, Alastair H, Topps, Alice, Townley, Luke, Wheatley, Duncan, Brown, Maggie, Chan, Andrew, Connor, Marie, Elwell, Sue, Geraghty, Kerry, Griffiths, Theresa, Hayward, Lesley, Humber, Caroline, Khan, Yakhub, Lake, Sister Judith, Laverick, Rosaleen, Mansell, Gemma, Mislang, Albert, Ngwenya, Su, Panesar, Pritpal, Sanders, Kay, Simmons, Elaine, Sinfield, Melanie, Stanley, Laura, Steventon, Emily, Stockdale, Andrew, Sunny, Manju, Thind, Manreet, Tranter, Fiona, Tsalic, Medy, Worlding, Jane, Adamson, Vanessa, Bennion, Carole, Butler-Barnes, Jenny, Hough, Adele, Hough, Chris, Hughes, Joanne, Irwin, P, Javle, P, Logue, John, Mansfield, Carolyn, Smith, Rachel, Sumner, Lesley, Tomlinson, Annabel, Tran, Anna, Walker, Caroline, Wylie, James, Chakraborti, Prabir, Das, Prantik, Ennis, Dawn, Marriott, Sue, Muthukumar, Dakshinamoorthy, Pattu, Pugazhenthi, Ward, Colin, Alzouebi, Mymoona, Burlace, Barbara, Ferguson, Catherine, Hooton, Georgia, Jeffcutt, Nicole, Neal, Amy, Pezaro, Carmel, Sivoglo, Virgil, Taylor, Jennifer, Wilkinson, Nicola, Afzal, Naveed, Anderson, Beverley, Andrews, Stephen, Bakker, Piet, Breakspear, Sally, Cornaby, Andrew, Crellin, Perric, Gibbins, Andrew, Gibbins, Jackie, Glen, Tracy, Goodsell, Josie, Horton, Sarah, Love, Sally, Masters, Benjamin, Rees, Andrew, Sharpe, Simon, Taylor, Kate, Wignall, Suzy, Harrow, Sister Kath, Jones, Lesley, Kanyi, Karen, Keng-Koh, Pek, McGarry, Karen, Ramachandra, Prakash, Watts, Angela, Baumber, Shelley, Howard, Joanna, Jones-Skipper, Kay, Manetta, Caroline, McCrisken, Lauren, Taylor, Jo-Anne, Williams, Amanda, Clark, Alison, Clarke, Maria, Egan, Lisa, Fiddes, Kathleen, Forman, Susan, Gardiner, Fiona, Jeffrey, David, Mariappan, Param, Mayne, Barbara, McLaren, Duncan, Rogers, Brian, Woods, Catherine, Young, Douglas, Anderson, John, Baines, Kizzy, Crundwell, M, Davey, Elizabeth, Lawless, Theresa, Matkins, Ellen, McGinley, Shannon, McGrath, John, Piper, Jane, Roantree, Alison, Seath, Ingrid, Srinivasan, Rajaguru, Stott, Mark, Timmings, Katie, Webb, Claire, Al-hasso, Abdulla, Barwell, Lorraine, Dodds, David, Finnegan, Niall, Griffen, Ailsa, Jones, Rob, Lawless, Claire, MacMillan, Antonia, Russell, Martin, Sadozye, Azmat, Shirley, Sian, Sidek, Norma, Wallace, Jan, Akhtar, Naeem, Bell, Karen, Humpreys, Louise, McWilliam, Donna, Moody, Emma, O'Neil, Rebecca, Peck, Suzannah, Auladin, Raidah, Bird, Stephanie, Bissa, Caterina, Dabbs, Marianne, Di Maria, Fabio, Goh, Chee, Harding, Joshua, Jamieson, Ceri, Jones, Jules, Khaksar, Sara, Laing, Robert, Matthews, Laura, Medisetti, Aruna, Molony-Oates, Barbara, Money-Kyrle, Julian, Nobes, Jenny, Rabsztyn, Weronika, Sidi, Frances, Smale, Daisy May, Stone, Sarah, Tindall, Annie, Woods, Jane, Wu, Min, Daniel, Amelia, Holmes, Evelyn, Kellaway, Joanne, Lewis, Amanda, Light, Teresa, Melcher, Lucinda, Robinson, Lily, Staines, Nikki, Carini, Serrafina, Cooper, Sophie, Evans, Melanie, Follows, Josh, Grant, Warren, Hedges, Andy, Hughes, Claire, Jones (Birch), Janine, King, Lisa, Lees, Laura, Mercer, Lily, Myles, Sophie, Roberts, Zara, Williamson, Nicola, Abbassi, Sara, Alonzi, Roberto, Anyamene, Nicola, Bici, Julia, Collins, Lucy, Dickson, Jeanette, Garrido-Perez, Sandra, Hoskin, Peter, Hughes, Robert, Jenkins, Suzanne, Kowalewska, Paulina, Milner, Jessica, Mitchell, Lesley, Ostler, Peter, Rashid, Aamna, Stapleton, Stephanie, Bashir, Faheem, Bone, Linzi, Clark, Diane, Dixit, Sanjay, Horne, Rhian, Jones, Dawn, Palmer, Sarah, Plowman, Kristian, Rawlings, Julie, Simms, Matthew, Addison, Anglise, Arnott, Seonaid, Borgaonkar, Sudhir, Brown, Sandra, Campbell, Audrey, Colligan, Steve, Cormack, Margaret, Doughty, Victoria, Kelly, Kay, Lister, Debbie, Macdonald, Alison, Macgregor, Carol, Mackay, Rachel, Madeleine, Jude, McNally, Morag, McPhail, Neil, Neville, Sean, Nicholls, Alison, Papakostidi, Aristoula, Simpson, Georgina, Sinclair, Glenda, Skene, Anna, Telfer, Sheena, Urquhart, Zoe, Whillis, David, Etheridge, Charlotte, Ford, Amanda, Ridley, Paul, Scrase, Christopher, Upson, Susan, Venkitaraman, Ramachandran, Capaldi, Lisa, Churn, Mark, Higgins, Linda, Knott, Helen, Stringer (pr. Davis), Sally, Taylor, Jacob, Tranter, Helen, Wollaston, Julie, Brogan (nee Roddie), Stephanie, Erskine, Susan, Hamill, Maureen, Prentice, Lynn, Symon, Lesley, Teahan, Seamus, Todd, Anne, Tweedle, James, Young, Sally, Austin (nee Glover), Gemma, Boon, Ian, Bottomley, David, Breckin, Edmund, Clarke, Jude, Coyle, Catherine, Davies, Emily, Goulding, James, Kiltie, Anne, Loughrey, Carmel, Murad, Fatima, Pratt, Claire, Shuttleworth, Pam, Smith, Beccy, Smith, Gill, Branson (née Dineen), Amy, Christmas, Sallyanne, Cooke, Jill, Griffiths, Leyshon, Kent, Christopher, King, Amy, Kockelbergh, Roger, Potterton, Janet, Speed, Lesley, Vasanthan, Subramanian, Walker, Julia, Baria, Karin, Bateman, Samantha, Coombs, Sarah, Cunningham, Amy, Dahar, Nazeer, Daruwala, Pallon, Francis, Olesya, Hall, Jane, Hoare, Kathryn, Key, Claire, Lockwood, Carol, Mark, Ian, Newton, Rachel, Sloan, Andrew, Bermingham, Nicola, Dean, Lynsey, Malik, Zafar, Pilkington, Pauline, Robson, Peter, Rogers, Heather, Rogers, Thomas, Treherne, Katy, Bourke, Amie, Chikkamuniyappa, Bindu, Dalton-Short, Ross, Edwards, Steve, Falconer, Alison, Ford, Amy, Harinarayanan, Sathish, Hassan, Nebah, Hornzee, Gillian, Magwaro, Sophia, McInerney, Sue, Pratap, Bhavesh, Rezkallah, Sarah, Sadare (Olaleye), Ibiyemi, Stancliffe, May, Stewart, Simon, Thoi, Anne-Maree, Westrop, Anna, Ahamadali, Sheefa, Arsanious, Nasr, Balogun, Shaki, Batish, Cheryl, Campbell, Yvonne, Crowley, Claire, Dunne, Emma, Ferreira, Miguel, Haldeos, Anne, Hijab, Adham, Huddart, Robert, John, Babbin, Michaelidou, Andriana, Nawrozzadeh, Mohammed, Pach, Jackie, Patel, Priyanka, Payne, Ann, Perry, Matthew, Serra, Maria, Springall, Christine, Thompson, Jane, Thomson, Sister Jane, Tree, Alison, Aya, Viviana, Beaney, Ronald, Bower, Lorna, Conway, Lisa-Jane, Donaghey, Sally, Gordon, Hussain, Grau, Isabel, Harris, Sarah, Hogan, Vesna, Hore, Brendan, Hughes, Simon, Jones, Katie, Kuenzig, Greg, Morris, Stephen, Nunney, Dawn, Rashid, Jessica, Reynolds, Philip, Rooprai, Bali, Mangar, Stephen, Azirar, Hanna, Caumont, Tom, Gupta, Nishi, Hill, Judy, Karp, Stephen, Kullane, Sagal, Macavoy, Tina, Neave, Farhad, Newby, Jackie, Van Someren, Chloe, Anderson, Naomi, Annan, Lynda, Cooke, Juniebel, Douch, Emma, Fawcitt, Sara, Gore, Alexandra, Grieve, Sylvia, Jarvis, Claire, McCadden, Angela, Needleman, Sarah, Pigott, Katherine, Powell, Hannah, Ramtohul, Kaliyanee, Rosenfelder, Nicola, Vilarino-Varela, Maria, Ali, Jennyfa, Ali, Maryam, Banda, Laillah-Crystal, Bott, Trevor, Brown, Emmanuel, Bryant, Hanna, Carlino, Giulia, Grant, Cordelia, Hogan, Holly, Khoo, Vincent, Mojidra, Chintan, Montebello, Joseph, Morrison, Jennifer, Olabanji, Matthew, Pillai, Sijy, Siu, Bernard, Stafferton, Ruth, Storrs, Sarah, Townsend-Thorn, Debra, Van As, Nicholas, Vijayakumar, Vijitha, Welsh, Liam, Dearnaley, David, Gao, Annie, Horwich, Alan, Lewington, Val, Marshall, John, Murphy, Louise, Parker, Chris, Beaton, Kirsty, Bech-Nielsen, Nanette, Bolton, Olivia, Conibear, John, Dekaj, Fatjon, Hillman, Paul, Jayachandran, Resmi, Kaliski, Alexandre, Kiff, Janet, Nicholson, Alastair, Nixon, Jude, Oladimeji, Janet, Riches, Oscar, Smith, Dan, Tipples, Karen, Wells, Paula, Anderson, Chris, Daly, Deirdre, Dover, Serena, Gilmartin, Claire, Golden, Sophie, Gregg, Jane, Issa, Rami, Oni, Titilayo, Patel, Chandni, Quarrell, Mark, Rolfe, Debbie, Tighe, Helen, Toledo, Jesusa, Tuazon, Juel, Varro, Robert, Bohra, Vikram, Caballes, Mark, Custins, Laura, Ivie, Stephanie, Joshi, Manisha, Liau, Joy, Naim, Farhan, Patel, Anup, Pathmanathan, Byiravey, Russell, Emily, Tippins, Anna, Agdiran, Didem, Aggarwal, Ajay, Amoaten, Thomas, Aslam, Natasha, Bonsu, Nicole, Butt, Zainab, Danaswamy, Patricia, Davda, Reena, Gillesen, Annelies, Goel, Roshni, Khong, Rachel, Lowi, Suzy, Merrick, Richard, Mitra, Anita, Payne, Heather, Teh, Jonathan, Whinn, Samantha, Woolf, David, Zilkha, Helene, Dawson-Athey, Linda, Foster, Emma, Gillian, Andrew, Green, James, Hines, John, Holden, Simon, Kazingizi, Memory, O'Neill, John, Olaoni, Thompson, Peters, John, Philp, Timothy, Zaidi, Sadaf, Adeyoju, Adebanji, Adinkra, Victoria, Brough, Richard, Brown, Stephen CW, Collins, Gerald, Hardstaff, Lisa, Hill, Pippa, Kujawa, Magda, McCurrie, Marilyn, Townley, Barbara, Woodhouse, Iain, Zafar, Waheed, Beesley, Sharon, Breen, Vivienne, Burrage, Su, Calvert, Clare, Davison, Alison, Dias, Heather, Fossey, Gavin, Hotine, Jodie, Jones, Ifan, Jope, Carmel, Lines, Yvonne, Martins, Sarah, Mercier, Barbara, Murray, Jane, Neshiri, Innocent, Pamphlett, Ian, Phillips, Ann, Rai, Pavnish, Roberts, Verity, Taylor, Henry, Tribe, Lisa, Bottomley, Ian, Buchan, Jonathan, Carpio, Viviana, Choudhury, Ananya, Conroy, Ruth, Cowan, Richard, Davison, Sue, Duncan, Ian, Elliott, Tony, Fair, Kim, Fallaize, Adrian, Flanagan, Laura, Green, Sarah, Harris, Catherine, Hart, Amber, Jones, Cathryn, Livsey, Jacqueline, McCaul, Damian, Nazari, Roonak, Newbery, Carol, O'Connor, Kate, O'Dwyer, Sister Jackie, Oliver, Joanne, Onoge, Ekugbe, Petsa, Maria, Redshaw, Catherine, Smith, Sarah-Ellen, Spoor, Willemijn, Thomas, Sister Viv, White, Holly, Worsley, Lucy, Bailey, Linda, Bennett, Molly, Corless, Rebecca, Duffy, Annie, Fellows, Kathryn, Gipson, Anna, Haydock, Helen, Knox, WF, Liptrott, Sarah, McCarth, Fiona, McCartin, Fiona, Mistry, Heena, Mthethwa, Thobekile, Partington, Lillian, Piper, Lindsay, Ramani, Vijay, Sahin, Sarah, Sangar, Vijay, Slevin, Kathryn, Tuck, Jonathan, Atkinson, Lorraine, Barnbrooke, Sarah, Barnes, Alison, Brownless, Caroline, Chadwick, David, Hardman, John, Harland, Keith, Long, Carol, McAuliffe, Sarah, McBride, Julia, McClurey, Sister Patricia, Mohan, Rita, Naylor, Lynne, Peedell, Clive, Robson, Paula, Shakespeare, Devadasan, Thompson, Emma, Van der Voet, Hans, Wilson, David, Barron, Chris, Frew, John, Lambert, Katy, McMenemin, Rhona, Pedley, Ian, Riseborough, Danielle, Roberts, Trevor, Stockley, Emma, Stoddart, Jonathan, Tate, Janine, Walker, Jayashree, Workman, Bridget, Barnett, Debra, Carter, Adam, Cox, Adam, Davey, Alison, Davies, Kirstin, Gilby, Lisa, Hodge, Simon, Kearney, S, Lavender, Helene, Marty, Janet, Nash, Maxine, Rahman, Syhed, Richards, Jayne, Simpson, Julie, Wall, Elaine, Webb, Paula, Wild, Karen, Wilson, Jim, Branagan, Jenny, Dell, Gillian, Foo, Maxine, Goyena, Ruby, Jones, Andrea, McBain, Hazel, McGrath, Katherine, O'Callaghan, Jane, Ramanathan, Dorai, Tee, Elizabeth, Thominson, Bronwen, Tighe (nee Bussey), Rachel, Beety, Jane, Birch, Richard, Bloomfield, Mark, Callam, Sara, Cooper, Adele, Darby, Helen, Healey, Gail, Heasley, Karen, Kapur, Guarav, London, Clare, Oosterom, Katrien, Ostrowski, Joe, Shobrook, Bridget, Turner, Sarah, Wade, Rob, Walker, Suzanne, Walton, Sharon, Websdale, Cheryl, White, Joanna, Alder, Leanne, Chivers, Rachael, Gooch, Carol, Howard, Lucy, Hutchinson, Camille, Jevons, Cody, Kumar, Daniel, Marley, Hazel, Mills, Jamie, Purves, Hanna, Sayers, Ian, Sundar, Santhanam, Szolin-Jones, Jacob, Walker, Georgina, Wood, Catherine, Cook, Wendy, Gill, Lisa, Johnson, Joanne, Johnstone, Dawn, Jones, Richard, Mistry, Leena, Scarratt, Lyndsay, Aiku, Abimbola, Ajzensztejn, Daniel, Al-Chamali, Hiba, Andrade, Gerard, Barber, Dave, Bekulart, Sylwia, Bhatnagar, Gagan, Boutflower, Jane, Brewster, Simon, Butterfield, Anne, Carroll, Weronika, Cole, David J, Coutts, Tim, Doyle, Kerrie, Durrant, Lisa, Green, Trish, Jampana, Raj, Jastrzebska, Patrycja, Kyffin, Phillippa, Langridge, Nicole, Lawrey, Sarah, Markus, Sarah, Marston, Kerrie, Mooney, Matthew, Mukkath, Sandra, Murphy, Ann, Owens, Rob, Ruane, Sarah, Sabbagh, Ahmad, Samkange, Grace, Sankighatta, Naveen, Skwarski, Michael, Stuart, Robert, Wellman, Sandie, Wilson, Jo, Cavanagh, Kerrie, Hollingdale, Abigail, Allen, Susan, Barter, Elisa, Gregory, Debbie, Ingle, Charlotte, Lawrence, Steph, Rooney, Paula-Joanne, Bishop, Emma, Brennan, Maria, Cogley, Lyn, Hammonds, John Christopher, McInerney, Paul, McLarty, Esther, Natale, Salvatore, Pascoe, Sarah, Purcell, Keith, Sells, Henry, Tyner, Sharah, yates, Victoria, Beamish, Neal, Blaney, Hilary, Clapp, Felicity, Clarke, Elizabeth, Coffin, Teresa, Davies, Joe, Downs, Nichola, Gillespie, Sally, Heckford, Louise, Iskender, Amanda, Orford, Sara, Pressdee, Sandy, Rix, Sophie, Wheelwright, Roger, Woodward, Elizabeth, Wright, Seonaid, Blight, Kathy, Dobson, Tracey, Hale, Jennifer, Harris-Burland, Angie, Khoury, Ghassan, Madhava, Kudingila, Meadows, Lorna, Nagar, Yoodhvir, Roca, Mila, Stacey, Wendy, Stephenson, Anna, Uherek, Maja, Virgo, Azarel, Watkinson, Catrin, Birtle, Alison, Chauhan, Zainab, Cornthwaite, Stephanie, Curtis, Sandra, Ellard, Rose, Fish, Nathan, Hefferon, Billy, Searle, Claire, Spickett, Helen, Walmsley, Catherine, Atkinson, Jane, Brown, Richard B, Cartwright, Debbie, Coomber, Kristy, Hunt, Allison, Kowalczyk-Williams, Wioletta, Lewis, Christina, Parr, Stephen, Purdon, Helen, Rogers, Paul, Vowell, Emma, Featherstone, Wendy, Hamilton, Joanna, Harrison, Alison, Hindle, Margaret, Hodson, Hayley, Isaew, Andrea, Knapp, Jeanette, Moss, Sarah, Gibbs, Stephanie, Gujral, Sandeep, Jannapureddy, Revanth, Kelkar, Anand, Martinou, Maria, Mills-Baldock, Tina, O'Brien, Neale, Subramaniam, Ramachandran, Tahir, Saad, Vandal, Mohammad Tanvir, Vu, Thi, Allen, Rachael, Betts, Chris, Bowmer, Amanda, Clarke, Noel, Cordwell, Amanda, Dharmaprasad, Soney, Duncan (nee Keatley), Claire, Farnworth, Christine, Farrell, Helen, George, Siny, Goulden, Kay, Harter, Leah, Kaushal, Malan, Kirk, Sister Sarah, Lau, Maurice, Lydon, Anne Marie, O'Flynn, Kieran, Platt, Danielle, Shackley, David, Stevenson, Garry, Taylor, Sister Melanie, Thompson, Chloe-Anne, Vinod, Cellins, Wadsworth, Oliver, Youd, Sister Jill, Attlee, Julie, Bhatnagar, Adityanarayan, Bunn, Sarah, Campbell, Allister, El-Saghir, Mohammed, Fennelly, Ruth, Guy, Peter, Mattocks, Lehentha, Mcintosh, Gregor, Murphy, Brenda, Reed, Catherine, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Tedd, Gemma, Dent, Kathleen, Hood, Marion, Martin, Karen, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Towse, Jo, Whotton, Nikita, Bowen, Katie, Clark, Su, Clarke, Rachael, Gibbins, Kate, Martin, Jackie, Smith, Suzanne, Spalton, Catherine, Tay, Jessica, Adams, Marion, Bates, Emma, Chennattukungu, Indukala, Clancy, Joanna, Cross, Vanessa, Hughes, Hayley, Jose, Sanal, Kurian-Downer, Sunita, Michael, Elena, Moore, Sister Helen, Nicholas, Karen, Pope, Suzanne, Potts, Sally, Prashant, Ravi, Singh, Harpreet, Smith, Sandra, Srihari, Narayanan, Weaver, Emma, Abbas, Ali, Barnes, Nicky, Dallas, Nicola, Jackson, Sister Ann, Kader, Nicole, Karim, Omer, Laniado, M, Litchfield, Jayne, Mahmood, Sana, O'Donnell, Helen, Robinson, Victoria, Sears, Alison, Sharif, Shahid, Sierra Pala, Ana, Sinclair, Julie-Ann, Smith, Sister Catherine, Ashcroft, Jan, Boardman, John, Bowes-Cavanagh, Jeanette, Brown, Rebecca, Chedham, Alison, Darch, Flora, Farrar, Michelle, Foot, Jayne, Goldsworthy, Simon, Graham, John, Gray, Emma, Green, Sara, Jelski, Joseph, Kalejaiye, Odunayo, Keni, Manjusha, Locke, Angela, Mahoney, Sue, McMeekin, Faith, Periasamy, Manivannan, Russell, Tamlyn, Ruszala, Elizabeth, Segaran, Surayne, Tighe, Mary, Wallbutton, Rebecca, Webster, Christine, Whitcher, Alison, Wiggins, Sarah, Wrigley, Martha, Zietz, Maria, Abab, Julie, Cumming, Kirsty, Galloway, Lucy, Ganabady, Malavika, Haskell, Annelise, Heath, Catherine, James, Naomi, Kennedy, Julie, McFarlane, Victoria, Morales-Azofra, Fabiola, Morton, Susan, Mundy, Carina, Noble, Mark, Paschalis, Alec, Patrick, Julie, Reader, Leanne, Taylor, Lisa, Wakefield, Shauna, Ahmed, Imtiaz, Bowman, Sue, Chan, Olivia, Cyriac, Abby, Davies, Tracey, Maitland, Katrina, Prejbisz, Jan, Reece, Sheila, Shires, Heather, Tsang, David, Anscombe, Eleanor, Brough, WA, Clitheroe, Pat, Cocks, Tracie, Connolly nee McKenna, Sarah, Corcoran, Sam, Coughlan, Tricia, Gilmour, Christina, Goodwin, Emma, Graham, Susan, Hatimy, Umi, Hodgkinson, Sheila, Kilmartin, John, Orrell, Lucy, Rotherham, Carol, Smallwood, Sarah, Taylor, Jill, Wiss, Elliott, Adab, Fawzi, Bhana, Rajanee, Dhinakaran, Kathirvelu, Evans, Marion, Myatt, Alison, Parkinson, Katrina, Peake, Angela, Sellars, Elizabeth, Smith, Rowena, Storer, Julie, Thomasson, Georgia, Vengalil, Salil, Walton, Jenny, Ward, Angela, Boam, Samantha, Burgoyne, Jamie-Rae, Chadwick, Eliot, Gill, Shafiq, Haigh, Steve, Hollis, Keri, Lim, Jun, McCabe, Alastair, Munson, Lyndsey, Nash, Dominic, Saunders, Daniel, Smith, Susan, Wade, Lynne, Evans, Elizabeth, Franklin, Alex, Harris (n. Marchant), Emily, Johnstone, Maria, Jones, Lewis, Lemon, Nicola, Phan, Mau-Don, Pudney, Delia, Spence, Rachael, Stretch, Alison, Tait, Ellen, Williams, Bethan, Belcher, Rebecca, De Silva-Minor, Shiroma, Dodge, Sister Jan, Grayland, Sarah, Jones, Ania, Khan, Omar, Owen, Tim, Palmer, Debbie, Parajes, Cerila, Pegler, Suzannah, Poole, Abbie, Sargent, Sister Tracey, Starling, Ellen, Taylor, Becky, Winter, Sister Helen, Zinyemba, Vivian, Allison, Michele, Blundell, Martyn, Brookman, Catherine, Buckley, Jon, Chamberlain, Shelley, Cuffe, Donna, Davies, Stacey, Fairfax, Claire, Greedus, Helen, Griffin, Hannah, Koehler, Ingrid, Lydon, Anna, Michels, Jorg, Pym, Julia, Roberts, Fiona, Thornton, Lorraine, Vandecandalaere, Elaine, Watts, Erica, Welsh, Linda, Anderson, Jim, Anderson, Juliette, Ball, Julie, Benton, Louise, Bowers, Richard, Chahal, Rohit, Dickinson, Peter, Fosker, Chris, Heeley, Janine, Kanaga-Sundaram, Subramanian, Littler, Stephen, Slack, Jonathan, Sundaram, Subramanian Kanaga, Taylor, Beverley, Weston, Philip, Chettle, Judith, Hartwell, Lyn, Johnson-Rollings, Ashley, Jones, Julia, Millage, Helen, O'Neill, Eilish, Walsh, Donna, Webb, Kerrie, Williams, Jo, Dymond, Harvey, Eleftheriadis, Symeon, Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, Wells, Tom, Bennett, Sarah, Dunn, Sharon, Fildes, Diane, Hassall, Alison, Herbert, Gaynor, Hughes, Kathryn, Innes, Helen, Kelly, Alison, Littler, John, Lomax, Laurie, Miller, Nikki, Nutman, Chris, Stott, Matthew, Syndikus, Isabel, Tolan, Shaun, Weston, Alison, Baker, Ivanna, Carter, Vanda, Chatfield, Jenny, Cooke, Peter, Grant, Anna, Homer, David, Kirk, Christine, Lomas, Claire, McCormick, Marian, Mohseeni, Arizoo, Pawaroo, Renita, Radford, Liz, Rogers, Jason, Samanci, Ali, Sharman, Emma, Spencer, Hazel, Spruce, Debbie, Worthington, Hannah, Bak, Dagmara, Cleary, Kristy, Davies, Sue, Gauntlett, Monica, Gupta, Kamalnayan, Holdsworth, Amanda, Ledger, Kate, Morrow, Hugh, Perry, Heather, Rimell, Patricia, Rosoman, Alison, Tyler, Jayne, White, Ann, Crowe (nee Hughes), Dawn, Flynn-Batham, Marian, Folkes, Linda, Funnell, Sarah, Gilbert, Jeanette, Gomez-Marcos, Raquel, Gonzalez, Celia, Hoskins, Chloe, Moore, Sally, Plataniotis, George, Rippin, Sarah, Smith, Matthew, Tsawayo, Tan, Turner, Nikki, Wakelen, Paula, Cserbane, Anita, Fernandez, Claire, Kurup, Rahul, Manyangadze, Sarah, McLain-Smith, Susan, Protheroe, Andrew, Trewsmith, Neil, Allison, Joanna, Barron, Claire, Beaumont, Erica, Beer, Nigel, Beesley, Kate, Donaldson, David, Duckett, Tracey, Fox, Shirley, Kotze, Michelle, Kumar, Shiyam, Macrory, Joanne, Perry, Jess, Pippard, Lucy, Porter, Tim, Rennie, Kerry, Sparrow, Geoffrey, Williams-Yesson, Barbara, Balderson, Jane, Bowling, Lorna, Brittain, Paul, Brookes, Claire, Campbell, Hilary, Campos, Monica, Conway, Rachel, Davies, Flor, Donnison, Michelle, Elliott, Mark, Evans, Richard, Fallah, Fereshteh, Fearnley, Mark, Giddings, Emma, Gollapothu, Srilakshmi, Harvey, Sally, Holbrook, Andy, Ingham, Jo, Jakeman, Christine, Joseph, Joji, Mole, Lisa, Musunuru, Hima Bindu, Pashley, Sarah, Saleem, Shamila, Stower, Michael, Strider, Paula, Taylor, Carol, Thackray, Louis, Todd, Joanna, Wightman, John, Wilson, Russ, Youngs, Nora, Byrne, Mary Marg, Deenihan, Emma, Durkan, Garret, Jennings, Marian, Mahoney, Catriona, Martin, Joseph, McInerney, Veronica, Raftery, Liz, Rogers, Eamonn, Spillane, Maria, Sullivan, Frank, Teh, Chiaw Woon, Wright, Ann, Harving, Niels, Hejlesen, Finn, Kempel, Mette Moe, Steffensen, Kirsten, Bentzen, Lise, Borre, Michael, Buus, Simon, Fode, Kirsten, Kaa Bach, Birgit, Lassen, Yasmin, Laursen, Vibeke, Lemng Kruse, Helle, Lucakova, Slavka, Nørmark Iversen, Helle, Brasso, Klaus, Christensen, Anne Juel, Gruschy, Lisa, Klovgaard, Karina, Lunau, Anne Sofie, Meidhal Petersen, Peter, Moller Christensen, Trine, Poder, Lone Lund, Ribers, Kristine, Stilling, Sine, Thim, Stine, Torin Lehmann, Anna, Vandborg, Maria, Christensen, Tine, Kokholm, Kathrine Friser, Lindberg, Henriette, Nybom, Kirstine, Rønnengart, Eva, Saxe, Charlotte, Baird, Noelle, Braun, Michael W, Cheung, Arthur, Fourt, Monica, Jackson, Cathy, Jepson, Debbie, Johnson, Arlissa, Karvat, Anand, Kwan, Winkle, McIndoe, Sue, Mitchell, Donna, Sandhu, Sandeep, Serpanchy, Rosanne, Wu, Helen, Beausoleil, Rachelle, Crawford, Melanie, DiMarco, Christine, Ding, Ian, Gladwish, Adam, MacIsaac, Patricia, MarshGray, Kimberley, Morton, Gerard, Murphy, Cara, Pascoe, Caitlin, Pokhrel, Sujata, Stevens, Christiaan, Yoon, Frederick, Yu, Jason, Dubey, Arbind, Sivananthan, Gokulan, Bahary, JeanPaul, Barkati, Maroie, Beauchemin, MarieClaude, Benth, Silvine, Carbonaro, Adriana, Delouya, Guila, ElSokhn, Nidale, Frazzi, Alexandra, Lambert, Carole, Lavertu, Sophie, Menard, Cynthia, Pan, Siew Siew, Rousseau, Pierre, Saad, Fred, Taussky, Daniel, Trudel, Diane, Amanie, John Oliver, Batz, Margaret, Borynec, Carol, Danielson, Brita, Garcia, Leni Santiago, Gramlich, Colin, Lang, Monika, Larson, Beverly, Mallett, Debbie, McCrudden, Sylvia, Murtha, Albert, Parker, Shelley, 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Thedoros, Wong, Jason W T, Allen, Kirsten, Bachand, Francois, Carefoot, Layton, Cotts, Shannon, Creelman, Brianna, Crook, Juanita, GeorgeChayka, Danielle, Halperin, Ross, Hartt, Nancy, Hayes, Jill A, Kim, David, Kim, TuongVan, Kronstal, Flo, Lee, Bernard, Lew, Tanya, McClelland, Marie, Opitz, Debbie, Overend, Aldyn, Reed, Melanie, Watson, Michaella, Wilkie, Karen, Winn, Carol, Yanchuk, Janet, Bonner, Scott, Brander, Mike, Brundage, Michael, Carlson, Cindy, Edwards, Jackie, ElKerdawy, Hala, Harpell, Rhonda, Hartman, Carrie, Kalyvas, Maria, KirbyBello, Denise, Kumar, Vikaash, Leach, Deborah, MacVicar, Karen, Mahmud, Aamer, Maize, Christine, Moelker, Yvonne, Murano, Abby, Paul, Nancy, Ross, Ashley, RossSmith, Marleen, Shenfield, Carey, Spencer, Craig, Tennant, Virginia, Vermette, Tracy, Willing, Stephanie, Zaza, Khaled O, Zeltser, Fred, Gearing, Jennifer, Girolametto, Carla, Gopaul, Darindra, Hamilton, Ronald, Hendel, Debra, Janke, Susan, Knackstedt, Jochen, Kuk, Joda, Morrison, MaryBeth, 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Nichol, Rhonda, Ong, Aldrich Dixon, Ouelette, Ashley, Patel, DeepKumar, Pawl, Marilyn, Peak, Lisa, Priebe, Shauna, Quon, Harvey, Rizzuto, Stacey, Rudnicki, Rayleen, Santos, Priscilla, Sharma, Atul, Squires, Mandy, Trakalo, Kathy, Turner, Christy, Vaughn, Jamie, Walker, Lori, Watson, Melanie R, Wei, Joyce, Weir, JoAnn, Woloshyn, Rose, Wood, Allison, Zhang, Hanbo, Zwarych, Darlene, Parker, Chris C, Clarke, Noel W, Cook, Adrian D, Catton, Charles N, Cross, William R, Petersen, Peter M, Persad, Rajendra A, Bower, Lorna C, Bottomley, David M, Branagan, Jennifer, Chung, Peter W M, Goh, Chee L, Malone, Shawn C, Morris, Stephen L, Ong, Aldrich D, Tarver, Kathryn L, Tree, Alison C, Wylie, James P, Zarkar, Anjali M, Parulekar, Wendy R, Parmar, Mahesh K B, and Sydes, Matthew R

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47. Duration of androgen deprivation therapy with postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of long-course versus short-course androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised trial

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Amos, Claire, Beaney, Katherine, Bellenger, Katharine, Brawley, Chris, Chung, Christina, Cook, Adrian, Embleton, Andrew, Forcat, Silvia, Goldstein, Cindy, Grabey, Jenna, Hague, Dominic, Herasimtschuk, Anna, Islam, Zaheer, Jovic, Gordana, Maniatis, Christos, Masters, Lindsey, Mohamed, Fatima, Morgan, Rachel, Murphy, Claire, Noor, Dipa, Parmar, Max, Patterson, Paul, Pickering, Holly, Pugh, Cheryl, Rauchenberger, Mary, Ribeiro, Helena, Roach, Carol, Seray-Wurie, Fatimah, Shaji, Preetha, Sims, Hannah, Spittle, Ben, Sydes, Matthew, Tappenden, Nancy, Tsang, Lilian, Uscinska, Barbara, Brown, Teddy, Casey, Sue, Davidson, Cathy, Dellar, Conor, Fletcher, Mandy, Meyer, Ralph, Murphy, Karen, Parulekar, Wendy, Richardson, Harriet, Richardson, Karen, Whelan, Kate, Bissett, Donald, Bonner-Shand, Shelagh, Grant, Judith, Lynch, Rory, MacDonald, Graham, McWilliam, Marie, Moir, Rachel, Rodwell, Sue, Shearer, Kirsty, Smith, Margaret, Binns, Louise, Briggs, Maxine, Brown, Simon, Casanova, Nathalie, Clark, Katy, Hartley, Jasmine, Henry, Ann, Henson, Helen, Hill, Pipa, Jeyasanger, Ganesan, McAlister, Judy, Parkinson, Sharron, Shaw, Alison, Alcock, Christopher, Brady, Joanne, Camilleri, Philip, Carpenter, Janice, Hogbin, Emma, Hyde, Katherine, Kavanagh, Roisin, Ngumo, Alice, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, Panakis, Niki, Pwint, Thinn, Sabharwal, Ami, Stammers, Tracey, Stone, Helena, Varley, Gail, Weaver, Andrew, Wynn, Hazel, Allan, Elaine, Ansari, Jawaher, Cannon, Philip, Carruthers, Ross, Coubrough, Claudia, Cowan, Chloe, Glen, Hilary, Graham, Janet, Hardie, Maryon, Love, Clare, Macleod, Nicholas, Mahmood, Rana, McClements, Jane, McGlynn, Brian, McKernan, Margaret, Mcleod, Nick, Othman, Aqilah, Ross, Kristy, Roxburgh, Patricia, Templeton, Maureen, Tufail, Aisha, Turley, Claudia, Wilson, Mark, Ali, Zulfiqer, Andrews, Kelly, Burns, Rebecca, Butterworth, Caryl, Coventry, Thomas, Evans, Angela, Jones, Gareth, Lewis, Sion, Oommen, Nikhil, Owen, Susan, Saxton, Wendy, Tapping, Sister Hayley, Thomas, Dianne, Thomas, Rachel, Walker, Beth, Williams, Rachel, Collard, Susan, Ford, Victoria, Goodhind, Frances, Holbrook, Becky, Kershaw, Elizabeth, Ley, Samantha, Martinez, Maria, McCormack, Anne, Sheehan, Denise, Toy, Elizabeth, Van-Koutrik, Lynne, Varughese, Mohini, Aitken, Katherine, Barlow, David, Beattie, Louise, Bownie-Mukumbu, Godfrey, Bryan, Rachel, Corner, Victoria, Edwards, Abigail, Fazekasne Fulep, Adrienn, Guerrero-Urbano, Teresa, Gwilt, Julie, Happle, Liz, Jackman, Dee, Krysta, Beata, Paisey, Sangeeta, Shaffer, Richard, Smith, Jackie, Westley, Rosalyne, Yusof, Hilawati, Appleby, Rowan, Avis, Joanne, Beresford, Mark, Brydon-Hill, Ruth, Cox, Christine, Curtis, Samantha, Elwell, Christine, Frim, Olivera, Hamilton, Beatrice, Hudson, Zoe, Jenner, Abigail, Mantle, Mark, Mason, Jessica, Masson, Susan, McFarlane, Jonathan, Newman, Hugh, Pocock, Abigail, Robertson, Bryony, Tomlinson, Eve, Wassall, Rebecca, Williams (Née Allen), Sister Tania, Brown, Grace, Clarke, Peter, Cole, Aiden, Cousins, Jane, Gilchrist, Gail, Hagan, Chris, Hanna, Emma, Harney, Jackie, Hetherington, Stacey, Houghton, Fionnuala, Hynds, Sharon, Jain, Suneil, Johnston, Ruth, Keane, Patrick, Lyons, Ciara, McAleese, Jonathan, McAllister, Jo, McKenna, Karen, Mitchell, Darren, Murray, Stacey, O'Sullivan, Joe, Rajan, Nambi, Shum, Poh Lin, Stewart, David, Stranex, Stephen, Totten, Grace, Chandrashekara, Madhura, Drew, Ellen, Drew, Mary (Ellen), Fletcher, Julie, Gamble, Tina, Lokes, Rachel, Schumacher, Ann, Shetty, Kavitha, Sohanpal, Sundip, Whitehouse, James, Zarkar, Anjali, Ford, Daniel, Glaholm, John, Lenton, Daniel, O'Beney, Rachael, Taylor, Helen, Thomas, Helen, Chetiyawardana, Samantha, Doherty, A, El-Modir, Ahmed, Gunn, Melanie, James, Nicholas, Kedge, Liz, Mannan, Aliyah, Marange, Josephine, Morrison, Andrew, Okubanjo, Maryanne, Olaniyi-Oduntan, Darlletta, Peterkin, Zhane, Preece, George, Qureshi, Zayn, Ross, Liliam, Samra, Tarandip, Southgate, Elizabeth, Stephens, Rebekah, Stevenson, Robert, Watson-Jones, Phillip, Abdulwahid, Danya, Ainsworth, Sarah, Ashworth, Sue, Beard, Karen, Charnley, Natalie, Desai, Parth, Fielding, Bethany, Flaherty, Jan, Forrest, Diane, Frankland, Helen, Haidar, Imran, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Henry, Joanne, Hugill, Angela, Jewers, Karen, Keith, Sarah, Kilroy, Stephen, King, Jennifer, Parikh, Omi, Riley, Karen, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Thomas, Jacqueline, Thompson, Catherine, Tickle, Vivienne, Waring, Lynsey, Wise, Marcus, Dawson, Louise, Ditchfield, Julie, Al-Samarraie, Amir, Bolger, Annette, Davies, Llinos, Flavin, Aileen, Heron, Jane, Hughes, Faye, Jackson, Kim, Lewis, Joanne, Manley, Rachel, Rutter, Charley-Anne, Smith, Nick, Srinivasan, Vaiku, Stockport, Jane, Thomas, Heather, Toussi, H, Wood, Cathryn, Archer, Simon, Fletcher, Joanne, Ginnelly, Helen, Kirkby, Amy, Knight (n. Sherburn), Victoria, Lawrence nee Palmer, Tara, Mashegede, Beverley, Metcalf, Karen, Panades, Miguel, Sreenivasan, Thiagarajan, Szymiczek, Kinga, Thomas, Isobel, Young, Anita, Broadley, Eve, Brock, Sue, Davies, Joseph, Jones, Stephanie, McCully, Ruby, Naraine, Nicky, Preece, Kate, Purandare, Laura, Rabbi, Taslima, Savage, Sarah, Vamplew, Luke, Bamford, Linda, Benton, Richard, Cotterill, Lauren, Inman, Hayley, Karsera, Louise, Kay, Anne Marie, Kenyon, Lucille, Lazarte, Jannika, McNulty, Dawn, Moore, Eleanor, Nallathambi, Chandran, Naylor, Deirdre, Owen, Lisa, Parikh, Shefali, Pendrill, Amy, Price, Joanne, Robertshaw, Helen, Rodda, Sree, Sewell, Jane, Teo, Mark, Waldron, Eleanor, Bloomfield, David, Blythe, Tracy, Brown, Joanne, Carr, Philippa, Chambers, Carla, Dlodlo, Jessica, Frattaroli, Paul, Gilbert, Duncan, Hart, Andrew, Hodges, Samantha, Hooper, Simon, Hunter, Catherine, Lactao, Ranee, Leitao, Madalena, McKinna, Fiona, Nikapota, Ashok, Peterson, Jane, Robinson, Angus, Tremlett, Jean, Webb, Andrew, Wilkins, Marie, Young, Bobbie, Bahl, Amit, Baxter, Matt, Bowers, Dawn, Challipalli, Amarnath, Coe, Marc, Cowley, Sue, Gillatt, David, Griffiths, Dorothy, Henson (nee Savidge), Verity, Hilman, Serena, Hollister, Robert, Kisanga, Mary, Lee, Vivienne, Lowe, Amelia, Macefield, Rhiannon, Pegler, Ruth, Robertson, Peter, Saldanha, Helen, Simmonds, Mary, Sims, Laura, Wheeler, Lucie, Wilson, Paula, Woods, Martin, Yarrow, Sue, Zelley, Sarah, Abd Alazeez, Mohamed, Alderton, Kate, Brain, Carol, Chilcott, Helen, Clarke, Samantha, Cobos-Arrivabene, Marta, Corderoy, Helen, Cousins, Rebecca, Garner, Victoria, Herbert, Chris, Johnson, Lyndsey, Jones, Kathryn, Kemp, Gail, Kirkby, Sarah, Kirkpatrick, Suriya, Koupparis, Anthony, Manning, Courtney, Oxley, Jon, Perry, Emily, Persad, Raj, Phipps, Charlotte, Richmond-Russell, Kerry, Rowe, Edward, Shelton, Luke, Shiridzinomwa, Constance, Smith, Carolyn, Treasure, Ann, Wyatt, Clare, Beesley, Katherine, Benson, Richard, Couch, Ellie, Foxwell, Sue, Goss, Vanessa, Harnwell, Juliette, Hughes-Davies, Luke, Joslin, Vicky, Laubscher, Angelique, Mazhar, Danish, Patterson, Helen, Raj, Sanjay, Ramanujachar, Ramya, Rimmer, Yvonne, Robinson, Nicola, Russell, Simon, Stone, Matthew, Thomas, Robert, Treeby, Jo, Vickery, Kathryn, Woodward, Cathryn, Ahmed, Ilyas, Appleby, Bonny, Brulinski, Patryk, Buckley, Julie, Catt, Natalie, Coppins, Helen, Crawford, Sister Denise, Davies, Julie-Ann, Drakeley, Susan, Edwards, Albert, Evans, Clary, Galante, Joao, Gladwell, Louise, Gough, Jessica, Hargreaves, Carolyn, Hegarty, Gemma, Kehoe, Laura, Larkins, Rachel, Lipsham, Margaret, Little, Jessica, Malde, Rohit, Middleton, Sharon, Mikropoulos, Christos, Mirza, Arafat, Mithal, Natasha, Nathan, Kannon, Raman, Rakesh, Rendall, Alice, Robinson, Karen, Ryan, Rachel, Sim, Van, Swann, Michelle, Tasker, Lorraine, Taylor, Katy, Thomas, Carys, Trigonis, Ioannis, Walker, Karen, Williams, Joanne, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wood, Marian, Wood, Pauline, Zurakovsky, Hilary, Bois (nee Harris), Elizabeth, Chan, Hin Fan, Chikopela, Loveness, Clark, Helen, Clements, Colette, Holliday, Samantha, Hughes, Owen, Jones, Clare, Kynaston, Howard, Mason, Malcolm, Narahari, Krishna, Pearse, Kevin, Staffurth, John, Austin, Mandy, Barnett, Christian, Camburn, Sister Tracey, Dawson, Elizabeth, Gibson, Sian, Hamid, Abdel, Kancherla, Kiran, Leone, Priscilla, Perkins, Lauren, Ramsay, Valerie, Singizi, Bryan, Allen, Julie, Anderson, Susan, Andrews (nee Moore), Eleanor, Bakawala, Rehana, Beazer, Sarah, Binks, Colin, Bowen, Jo, Broomfield, Barbara, Cook, Audrey, Crossley, Lin, Ford, Chris, Forkes, Janet, Hall, Julia, Healey-Mariano, Jennifer, Jenkins, Peter, Johnson, Nigel, Jonnada, Sai, Owen, Roger, Pratten, Elaine, Sayers, Rachel, Shimell, Chris, Skelton, Amy, Tan, Matthew, Trigg-Hogarth, Kate, Wronski, Sue, Aldous, Mary, Archer, Denise, Eccleson, Helen, Gallimore, Elizabeth, Green, Sue, Ibrahim, Azman, Jones, Carys, Prince, Jude, Chrystal, Melanie, Din, Omar, Firth, Alexandra, Ford, Nicky, Kirkbride, Peter, Martindale, John, Redfearn, Alison, Smedley (nee McCabe), Janine, Smith, Lucy, Sorice, Vittoria, Stevenson, Lesley, Toms, Julie, Wood, Sister Kim, Barke, Nyssa, Basu, Devy, Dewar, Lorna, Driscoll, Celine, Hunting, Liz, Kumar, Muthar, Mabelin, Louies, Muthu Kumar, Dakshinamoorthy, Sizer, Bruce, Thorogood, Lucy, Askew, Sarah, Beech, Darren, Broom, Jane, Duley, Emma, Firth, Elizabeth, Gould, Aaron, Hocking, Christopher, Johns, Louise, Kent, Emma, Madine, John, Partridge, Kerena, Penhaligon, Corrine, Pentecost, Catherine, Pollard, Kay, Poultney, Melissa, Pynsent, William, Skewes, Johanna, Steele, Anita, Thomson, Alastair H, Topps, Alice, Townley, Luke, Wheatley, Duncan, Brown, Maggie, Chan, Andrew, Connor, Marie, Elwell, Sue, Geraghty, Kerry, Griffiths, Theresa, Hayward, Lesley, Humber, Caroline, Khan, Yakhub, Lake, Sister Judith, Laverick, Rosaleen, Mansell, Gemma, Mislang, Albert, Ngwenya, Su, Panesar, Pritpal, Sanders, Kay, Simmons, Elaine, Sinfield, Melanie, Stanley, Laura, Steventon, Emily, Stockdale, Andrew, Sunny, Manju, Thind, Manreet, Tranter, Fiona, Tsalic, Medy, Worlding, Jane, Adamson, Vanessa, Bennion, Carole, Butler-Barnes, Jenny, Hough, Adele, Hough, Chris, Hughes, Joanne, Irwin, P, Javle, P, Logue, John, Mansfield, Carolyn, Smith, Rachel, Sumner, Lesley, Tomlinson, Annabel, Tran, Anna, Walker, Caroline, Wylie, James, Chakraborti, Prabir, Das, Prantik, Ennis, Dawn, Marriott, Sue, Pattu, Pugazhenthi, Ward, Colin, Alzouebi, Mymoona, Burlace, Barbara, Ferguson, Catherine, Hooton, Georgia, Jeffcutt, Nicole, Neal, Amy, Pezaro, Carmel, Sivoglo, Virgil, Taylor, Jennifer, Wilkinson, Nicola, Afzal, Naveed, Anderson, Beverley, Andrews, Stephen, Bakker, Piet, Breakspear, Sally, Cornaby, Andrew, Crellin, Perric, Gibbins, Andrew, Gibbins, Jackie, Glen, Tracy, Goodsell, Josie, Horton, Sarah, Love, Sally, Masters, Benjamin, Rees, Andrew, Sharpe, Simon, Taylor, Kate, Wignall, Suzy, Harrow, Sister Kath, Jones, Lesley, Kanyi, Karen, Keng-Koh, Pek, McGarry, Karen, Ramachandra, Prakash, Watts, Angela, Baumber, Shelley, Howard, Joanna, Jones-Skipper, Kay, Manetta, Caroline, McCrisken, Lauren, Taylor, Jo-Anne, Williams, Amanda, Clark, Alison, Clarke, Maria, Egan, Lisa, Fiddes, Kathleen, Forman, Susan, Gardiner, Fiona, Jeffrey, David, Mariappan, Param, Mayne, Barbara, McLaren, Duncan, Rogers, Brian, Woods, Catherine, Young, Douglas, Anderson, John, Baines, Kizzy, Crundwell, M, Davey, Elizabeth, Lawless, Theresa, Matkins, Ellen, McGinley, Shannon, McGrath, John, Piper, Jane, Roantree, Alison, Seath, Ingrid, Srinivasan, Rajaguru, Stott, Mark, Timmings, Katie, Webb, Claire, Al-hasso, Abdulla, Barwell, Lorraine, Dodds, David, Finnegan, Niall, Griffen, Ailsa, Jones, Rob, Lawless, Claire, MacMillan, Antonia, Russell, Martin, Sadozye, Azmat, Shirley, Sian, Sidek, Norma, Wallace, Jan, Akhtar, Naeem, Bell, Karen, Humpreys, Louise, McWilliam, Donna, Moody, Emma, O'Neil, Rebecca, Peck, Suzannah, Auladin, Raidah, Bird, Stephanie, Bissa, Caterina, Dabbs, Marianne, Di Maria, Fabio, Goh, Chee, Harding, Joshua, Jamieson, Ceri, Jones, Jules, Khaksar, Sara, Laing, Robert, Matthews, Laura, Medisetti, Aruna, Molony-Oates, Barbara, Money-Kyrle, Julian, Nobes, Jenny, Rabsztyn, Weronika, Sidi, Frances, Smale, Daisy May, Stone, Sarah, Tindall, Annie, Woods, Jane, Wu, Min, Daniel, Amelia, Holmes, Evelyn, Kellaway, Joanne, Lewis, Amanda, Light, Teresa, Melcher, Lucinda, Robinson, Lily, Staines, Nikki, Carini, Serrafina, Cooper, Sophie, Evans, Melanie, Follows, Josh, Grant, Warren, Hedges, Andy, Hughes, Claire, Jones (Birch), Janine, King, Lisa, Lees, Laura, Mercer, Lily, Myles, Sophie, Roberts, Zara, Williamson, Nicola, Abbassi, Sara, Alonzi, Roberto, Anyamene, Nicola, Bici, Julia, Collins, Lucy, Dickson, Jeanette, Garrido-Perez, Sandra, Hoskin, Peter, Hughes, Robert, Jenkins, Suzanne, Kowalewska, Paulina, Milner, Jessica, Mitchell, Lesley, Ostler, Peter, Rashid, Aamna, Stapleton, Stephanie, Bashir, Faheem, Bone, Linzi, Clark, Diane, Dixit, Sanjay, Horne, Rhian, Jones, Dawn, Palmer, Sarah, Plowman, Kristian, Rawlings, Julie, Simms, Matthew, Addison, Anglise, Arnott, Seonaid, Borgaonkar, Sudhir, Brown, Sandra, Campbell, Audrey, Colligan, Steve, Cormack, Margaret, Doughty, Victoria, Kelly, Kay, Lister, Debbie, Macdonald, Alison, Macgregor, Carol, Mackay, Rachel, Madeleine, Jude, McNally, Morag, McPhail, Neil, Neville, Sean, Nicholls, Alison, Papakostidi, Aristoula, Simpson, Georgina, Sinclair, Glenda, Skene, Anna, Telfer, Sheena, Urquhart, Zoe, Whillis, David, Etheridge, Charlotte, Ford, Amanda, Ridley, Paul, Scrase, Christopher, Upson, Susan, Venkitaraman, Ramachandran, Capaldi, Lisa, Churn, Mark, Higgins, Linda, Knott, Helen, Stringer (pr. Davis), Sally, Taylor, Jacob, Tranter, Helen, Wollaston, Julie, Brogan (nee Roddie), Stephanie, Erskine, Susan, Hamill, Maureen, Prentice, Lynn, Symon, Lesley, Teahan, Seamus, Todd, Anne, Tweedle, James, Young, Sally, Austin (nee Glover), Gemma, Boon, Ian, Bottomley, David, Breckin, Edmund, Clarke, Jude, Coyle, Catherine, Davies, Emily, Goulding, James, Kiltie, Anne, Loughrey, Carmel, Murad, Fatima, Pratt, Claire, Shuttleworth, Pam, Smith, Beccy, Smith, Gill, Branson (née Dineen), Amy, Christmas, Sallyanne, Cooke, Jill, Griffiths, Leyshon, Kent, Christopher, King, Amy, Kockelbergh, Roger, Potterton, Janet, Speed, Lesley, Vasanthan, Subramanian, Walker, Julia, Baria, Karin, Bateman, Samantha, Coombs, Sarah, Cunningham, Amy, Dahar, Nazeer, Daruwala, Pallon, Francis, Olesya, Hall, Jane, Hoare, Kathryn, Key, Claire, Lockwood, Carol, Mark, Ian, Newton, Rachel, Sloan, Andrew, Bermingham, Nicola, Dean, Lynsey, Malik, Zafar, Pilkington, Pauline, Robson, Peter, Rogers, Heather, Rogers, Thomas, Treherne, Katy, Bourke, Amie, Chikkamuniyappa, Bindu, Dalton-Short, Ross, Edwards, Steve, Falconer, Alison, Ford, Amy, Harinarayanan, Sathish, Hassan, Nebah, Hornzee, Gillian, Magwaro, Sophia, McInerney, Sue, Pratap, Bhavesh, Rezkallah, Sarah, Sadare (Olaleye), Ibiyemi, Stancliffe, May, Stewart, Simon, Thoi, Anne-Maree, Westrop, Anna, Ahamadali, Sheefa, Arsanious, Nasr, Balogun, Shaki, Batish, Cheryl, Campbell, Yvonne, Crowley, Claire, Dunne, Emma, Ferreira, Miguel, Haldeos, Anne, Hijab, Adham, Huddart, Robert, John, Babbin, Michaelidou, Andriana, Nawrozzadeh, Mohammed, Pach, Jackie, Patel, Priyanka, Payne, Ann, Perry, Matthew, Serra, Maria, Springall, Christine, Thompson, Jane, Thomson, Sister Jane, Tree, Alison, Aya, Viviana, Beaney, Ronald, Bower, Lorna, Conway, Lisa-Jane, Donaghey, Sally, Gordon, Hussain, Grau, Isabel, Harris, Sarah, Hogan, Vesna, Hore, Brendan, Hughes, Simon, Jones, Katie, Kuenzig, Greg, Morris, Stephen, Nunney, Dawn, Rashid, Jessica, Reynolds, Philip, Rooprai, Bali, Mangar, Stephen, Azirar, Hanna, Caumont, Tom, Gupta, Nishi, Hill, Judy, Karp, Stephen, Kullane, Sagal, Macavoy, Tina, Neave, Farhad, Newby, Jackie, Van Someren, Chloe, Anderson, Naomi, Annan, Lynda, Cooke, Juniebel, Douch, Emma, Fawcitt, Sara, Gore, Alexandra, Grieve, Sylvia, Jarvis, Claire, McCadden, Angela, Needleman, Sarah, Pigott, Katherine, Powell, Hannah, Ramtohul, Kaliyanee, Rosenfelder, Nicola, Vilarino-Varela, Maria, Ali, Jennyfa, Ali, Maryam, Banda, Laillah-Crystal, Bott, Trevor, Brown, Emmanuel, Bryant, Hanna, Carlino, Giulia, Grant, Cordelia, Hogan, Holly, Khoo, Vincent, Mojidra, Chintan, Montebello, Joseph, Morrison, Jennifer, Olabanji, Matthew, Pillai, Sijy, Siu, Bernard, Stafferton, Ruth, Storrs, Sarah, Townsend-Thorn, Debra, Van As, Nicholas, Vijayakumar, Vijitha, Welsh, Liam, Dearnaley, David, Gao, Annie, Horwich, Alan, Lewington, Val, Marshall, John, Murphy, Louise, Parker, Chris, Beaton, Kirsty, Bech-Nielsen, Nanette, Bolton, Olivia, Conibear, John, Dekaj, Fatjon, Hillman, Paul, Jayachandran, Resmi, Kaliski, Alexandre, Kiff, Janet, Nicholson, Alastair, Nixon, Jude, Oladimeji, Janet, Riches, Oscar, Smith, Dan, Tipples, Karen, Wells, Paula, Anderson, Chris, Daly, Deirdre, Dover, Serena, Gilmartin, Claire, Golden, Sophie, Gregg, Jane, Issa, Rami, Oni, Titilayo, Patel, Chandni, Quarrell, Mark, Rolfe, Debbie, Tighe, Helen, Toledo, Jesusa, Tuazon, Juel, Varro, Robert, Bohra, Vikram, Caballes, Mark, Custins, Laura, Ivie, Stephanie, Joshi, Manisha, Liau, Joy, Naim, Farhan, Patel, Anup, Pathmanathan, Byiravey, Russell, Emily, Tippins, Anna, Agdiran, Didem, Aggarwal, Ajay, Amoaten, Thomas, Aslam, Natasha, Bonsu, Nicole, Butt, Zainab, Danaswamy, Patricia, Davda, Reena, Gillesen, Annelies, Goel, Roshni, Khong, Rachel, Lowi, Suzy, Merrick, Richard, Mitra, Anita, Payne, Heather, Teh, Jonathan, Whinn, Samantha, Woolf, David, Zilkha, Helene, Dawson-Athey, Linda, Foster, Emma, Gillian, Andrew, Green, James, Hines, John, Holden, Simon, Kazingizi, Memory, O'Neill, John, Olaoni, Thompson, Peters, John, Philp, Timothy, Zaidi, Sadaf, Adeyoju, Adebanji, Adinkra, Victoria, Brough, Richard, Brown, Stephen CW, Collins, Gerald, Hardstaff, Lisa, Hill, Pippa, Kujawa, Magda, McCurrie, Marilyn, Townley, Barbara, Woodhouse, Iain, Zafar, Waheed, Beesley, Sharon, Breen, Vivienne, Burrage, Su, Calvert, Clare, Davison, Alison, Dias, Heather, Fossey, Gavin, Hotine, Jodie, Jones, Ifan, Jope, Carmel, Lines, Yvonne, Martins, Sarah, Mercier, Barbara, Murray, Jane, Neshiri, Innocent, Pamphlett, Ian, Phillips, Ann, Rai, Pavnish, Roberts, Verity, Taylor, Henry, Tribe, Lisa, Bottomley, Ian, Buchan, Jonathan, Carpio, Viviana, Choudhury, Ananya, Conroy, Ruth, Cowan, Richard, Davison, Sue, Duncan, Ian, Elliott, Tony, Fair, Kim, Fallaize, Adrian, Flanagan, Laura, Green, Sarah, Harris, Catherine, Hart, Amber, Jones, Cathryn, Livsey, Jacqueline, McCaul, Damian, Nazari, Roonak, Newbery, Carol, O'Connor, Kate, O'Dwyer, Sister Jackie, Oliver, Joanne, Onoge, Ekugbe, Petsa, Maria, Redshaw, Catherine, Smith, Sarah-Ellen, Spoor, Willemijn, Thomas, Sister Viv, White, Holly, Worsley, Lucy, Bailey, Linda, Bennett, Molly, Corless, Rebecca, Duffy, Annie, Fellows, Kathryn, Gipson, Anna, Haydock, Helen, Knox, WF, Liptrott, Sarah, McCarth, Fiona, McCartin, Fiona, Mistry, Heena, Mthethwa, Thobekile, Partington, Lillian, Piper, Lindsay, Ramani, Vijay, Sahin, Sarah, Sangar, Vijay, Slevin, Kathryn, Tuck, Jonathan, Atkinson, Lorraine, Barnbrooke, Sarah, Barnes, Alison, Brownless, Caroline, Chadwick, David, Hardman, John, Harland, Keith, Long, Carol, McAuliffe, Sarah, McBride, Julia, McClurey, Sister Patricia, Mohan, Rita, Naylor, Lynne, Peedell, Clive, Robson, Paula, Shakespeare, Devadasan, Thompson, Emma, Van der Voet, Hans, Wilson, David, Barron, Chris, Frew, John, Lambert, Katy, McMenemin, Rhona, Pedley, Ian, Riseborough, Danielle, Roberts, Trevor, Stockley, Emma, Stoddart, Jonathan, Tate, Janine, Walker, Jayashree, Workman, Bridget, Barnett, Debra, Carter, Adam, Cox, Adam, Davey, Alison, Davies, Kirstin, Gilby, Lisa, Hodge, Simon, Kearney, S, Lavender, Helene, Marty, Janet, Nash, Maxine, Rahman, Syhed, Richards, Jayne, Simpson, Julie, Wall, Elaine, Webb, Paula, Wild, Karen, Wilson, Jim, Branagan, Jenny, Dell, Gillian, Foo, Maxine, Goyena, Ruby, Jones, Andrea, McBain, Hazel, McGrath, Katherine, O'Callaghan, Jane, Ramanathan, Dorai, Tee, Elizabeth, Thominson, Bronwen, Tighe (nee Bussey), Rachel, Beety, Jane, Birch, Richard, Bloomfield, Mark, Callam, Sara, Cooper, Adele, Darby, Helen, Healey, Gail, Heasley, Karen, Kapur, Guarav, London, Clare, Oosterom, Katrien, Ostrowski, Joe, Shobrook, Bridget, Turner, Sarah, Wade, Rob, Walker, Suzanne, Walton, Sharon, Websdale, Cheryl, White, Joanna, Alder, Leanne, Chivers, Rachael, Gooch, Carol, Howard, Lucy, Hutchinson, Camille, Jevons, Cody, Kumar, Daniel, Marley, Hazel, Mills, Jamie, Purves, Hanna, Sayers, Ian, Sundar, Santhanam, Szolin-Jones, Jacob, Walker, Georgina, Wood, Catherine, Cook, Wendy, Gill, Lisa, Johnson, Joanne, Johnstone, Dawn, Jones, Richard, Mistry, Leena, Scarratt, Lyndsay, Aiku, Abimbola, Ajzensztejn, Daniel, Al-Chamali, Hiba, Andrade, Gerard, Barber, Dave, Bekulart, Sylwia, Bhatnagar, Gagan, Boutflower, Jane, Brewster, Simon, Butterfield, Anne, Carroll, Weronika, Cole, David J, Coutts, Tim, Doyle, Kerrie, Durrant, Lisa, Green, Trish, Jampana, Raj, Jastrzebska, Patrycja, Kyffin, Phillippa, Langridge, Nicole, Lawrey, Sarah, Markus, Sarah, Marston, Kerrie, Mooney, Matthew, Mukkath, Sandra, Murphy, Ann, Owens, Rob, Ruane, Sarah, Sabbagh, Ahmad, Samkange, Grace, Sankighatta, Naveen, Skwarski, Michael, Stuart, Robert, Wellman, Sandie, Wilson, Jo, Cavanagh, Kerrie, Hollingdale, Abigail, Allen, Susan, Barter, Elisa, Gregory, Debbie, Ingle, Charlotte, Lawrence, Steph, Rooney, Paula-Joanne, Bishop, Emma, Brennan, Maria, Cogley, Lyn, Hammonds, John Christopher, McInerney, Paul, McLarty, Esther, Natale, Salvatore, Pascoe, Sarah, Purcell, Keith, Sells, Henry, Tyner, Sharah, yates, Victoria, Beamish, Neal, Blaney, Hilary, Clapp, Felicity, Clarke, Elizabeth, Coffin, Teresa, Davies, Joe, Downs, Nichola, Gillespie, Sally, Heckford, Louise, Iskender, Amanda, Orford, Sara, Pressdee, Sandy, Rix, Sophie, Wheelwright, Roger, Woodward, Elizabeth, Wright, Seonaid, Blight, Kathy, Dobson, Tracey, Hale, Jennifer, Harris-Burland, Angie, Khoury, Ghassan, Madhava, Kudingila, Meadows, Lorna, Nagar, Yoodhvir, Roca, Mila, Stacey, Wendy, Stephenson, Anna, Uherek, Maja, Virgo, Azarel, Watkinson, Catrin, Birtle, Alison, Chauhan, Zainab, Cornthwaite, Stephanie, Curtis, Sandra, Ellard, Rose, Fish, Nathan, Hefferon, Billy, Searle, Claire, Spickett, Helen, Walmsley, Catherine, Atkinson, Jane, Brown, Richard B, Cartwright, Debbie, Coomber, Kristy, Hunt, Allison, Kowalczyk-Williams, Wioletta, Lewis, Christina, Parr, Stephen, Purdon, Helen, Rogers, Paul, Vowell, Emma, Featherstone, Wendy, Hamilton, Joanna, Harrison, Alison, Hindle, Margaret, Hodson, Hayley, Isaew, Andrea, Knapp, Jeanette, Moss, Sarah, Gibbs, Stephanie, Gujral, Sandeep, Jannapureddy, Revanth, Kelkar, Anand, Martinou, Maria, Mills-Baldock, Tina, O'Brien, Neale, Subramaniam, Ramachandran, Tahir, Saad, Vandal, Mohammad Tanvir, Vu, Thi, Allen, Rachael, Betts, Chris, Bowmer, Amanda, Clarke, Noel, Cordwell, Amanda, Dharmaprasad, Soney, Duncan (nee Keatley), Claire, Farnworth, Christine, Farrell, Helen, George, Siny, Goulden, Kay, Harter, Leah, Kaushal, Malan, Kirk, Sister Sarah, Lau, Maurice, Lydon, Anne Marie, O'Flynn, Kieran, Platt, Danielle, Shackley, David, Stevenson, Garry, Taylor, Sister Melanie, Thompson, Chloe-Anne, Vinod, Cellins, Wadsworth, Oliver, Youd, Sister Jill, Attlee, Julie, Bhatnagar, Adityanarayan, Bunn, Sarah, Campbell, Allister, El-Saghir, Mohammed, Fennelly, Ruth, Guy, Peter, Mattocks, Lehentha, Mcintosh, Gregor, Murphy, Brenda, Reed, Catherine, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Tedd, Gemma, Dent, Kathleen, Hood, Marion, Martin, Karen, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Towse, Jo, Whotton, Nikita, Bowen, Katie, Clark, Su, Clarke, Rachael, Gibbins, Kate, Martin, Jackie, Smith, Suzanne, Spalton, Catherine, Tay, Jessica, Adams, Marion, Bates, Emma, Chennattukungu, Indukala, Clancy, Joanna, Cross, Vanessa, Hughes, Hayley, Jose, Sanal, Kurian-Downer, Sunita, Michael, Elena, Moore, Sister Helen, Nicholas, Karen, Pope, Suzanne, Potts, Sally, Prashant, Ravi, Singh, Harpreet, Smith, Sandra, Srihari, Narayanan, Weaver, Emma, Abbas, Ali, Barnes, Nicky, Dallas, Nicola, Jackson, Sister Ann, Kader, Nicole, Karim, Omer, Laniado, M, Litchfield, Jayne, Mahmood, Sana, O'Donnell, Helen, Robinson, Victoria, Sears, Alison, Sharif, Shahid, Sierra Pala, Ana, Sinclair, Julie-Ann, Smith, Sister Catherine, Ashcroft, Jan, Boardman, John, Bowes-Cavanagh, Jeanette, Brown, Rebecca, Chedham, Alison, Darch, Flora, Farrar, Michelle, Foot, Jayne, Goldsworthy, Simon, Graham, John, Gray, Emma, Green, Sara, Jelski, Joseph, Kalejaiye, Odunayo, Keni, Manjusha, Locke, Angela, Mahoney, Sue, McMeekin, Faith, Periasamy, Manivannan, Russell, Tamlyn, Ruszala, Elizabeth, Segaran, Surayne, Tighe, Mary, Wallbutton, Rebecca, Webster, Christine, Whitcher, Alison, Wiggins, Sarah, Wrigley, Martha, Zietz, Maria, Abab, Julie, Cumming, Kirsty, Galloway, Lucy, Ganabady, Malavika, Haskell, Annelise, Heath, Catherine, James, Naomi, Kennedy, Julie, McFarlane, Victoria, Morales-Azofra, Fabiola, Morton, Susan, Mundy, Carina, Noble, Mark, Paschalis, Alec, Patrick, Julie, Reader, Leanne, Taylor, Lisa, Wakefield, Shauna, Ahmed, Imtiaz, Bowman, Sue, Chan, Olivia, Cyriac, Abby, Davies, Tracey, Maitland, Katrina, Prejbisz, Jan, Reece, Sheila, Shires, Heather, Tsang, David, Anscombe, Eleanor, Brough, WA, Clitheroe, Pat, Cocks, Tracie, Connolly nee McKenna, Sarah, Corcoran, Sam, Coughlan, Tricia, Gilmour, Christina, Goodwin, Emma, Graham, Susan, Hatimy, Umi, Hodgkinson, Sheila, Kilmartin, John, Orrell, Lucy, Rotherham, Carol, Smallwood, Sarah, Taylor, Jill, Wiss, Elliott, Adab, Fawzi, Bhana, Rajanee, Dhinakaran, Kathirvelu, Evans, Marion, Myatt, Alison, Parkinson, Katrina, Peake, Angela, Sellars, Elizabeth, Smith, Rowena, Storer, Julie, Thomasson, Georgia, Vengalil, Salil, Walton, Jenny, Ward, Angela, Boam, Samantha, Burgoyne, Jamie-Rae, Chadwick, Eliot, Gill, Shafiq, Haigh, Steve, Hollis, Keri, Lim, Jun, McCabe, Alastair, Munson, Lyndsey, Nash, Dominic, Saunders, Daniel, Smith, Susan, Wade, Lynne, Evans, Elizabeth, Franklin, Alex, Harris (n. Marchant), Emily, Johnstone, Maria, Jones, Lewis, Lemon, Nicola, Phan, Mau-Don, Pudney, Delia, Spence, Rachael, Stretch, Alison, Tait, Ellen, Williams, Bethan, Belcher, Rebecca, De Silva-Minor, Shiroma, Dodge, Sister Jan, Grayland, Sarah, Jones, Ania, Khan, Omar, Owen, Tim, Palmer, Debbie, Parajes, Cerila, Pegler, Suzannah, Poole, Abbie, Sargent, Sister Tracey, Starling, Ellen, Taylor, Becky, Winter, Sister Helen, Zinyemba, Vivian, Allison, Michele, Blundell, Martyn, Brookman, Catherine, Buckley, Jon, Chamberlain, Shelley, Cuffe, Donna, Davies, Stacey, Fairfax, Claire, Greedus, Helen, Griffin, Hannah, Koehler, Ingrid, Lydon, Anna, Michels, Jorg, Pym, Julia, Roberts, Fiona, Thornton, Lorraine, Vandecandalaere, Elaine, Watts, Erica, Welsh, Linda, Anderson, Jim, Anderson, Juliette, Ball, Julie, Benton, Louise, Bowers, Richard, Chahal, Rohit, Dickinson, Peter, Fosker, Chris, Heeley, Janine, Kanaga-Sundaram, Subramanian, Littler, Stephen, Slack, Jonathan, Sundaram, Subramanian Kanaga, Taylor, Beverley, Weston, Philip, Chettle, Judith, Hartwell, Lyn, Johnson-Rollings, Ashley, Jones, Julia, Millage, Helen, O'Neill, Eilish, Walsh, Donna, Webb, Kerrie, Williams, Jo, Dymond, Harvey, Eleftheriadis, Symeon, Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, Wells, Tom, Bennett, Sarah, Dunn, Sharon, Fildes, Diane, Hassall, Alison, Herbert, Gaynor, Hughes, Kathryn, Innes, Helen, Kelly, Alison, Littler, John, Lomax, Laurie, Miller, Nikki, Nutman, Chris, Stott, Matthew, Syndikus, Isabel, Tolan, Shaun, Weston, Alison, Baker, Ivanna, Carter, Vanda, Chatfield, Jenny, Cooke, Peter, Grant, Anna, Homer, David, Kirk, Christine, Lomas, Claire, McCormick, Marian, Mohseeni, Arizoo, Pawaroo, Renita, Radford, Liz, Rogers, Jason, Samanci, Ali, Sharman, Emma, Spencer, Hazel, Spruce, Debbie, Worthington, Hannah, Bak, Dagmara, Cleary, Kristy, Davies, Sue, Gauntlett, Monica, Gupta, Kamalnayan, Holdsworth, Amanda, Ledger, Kate, Morrow, Hugh, Perry, Heather, Rimell, Patricia, Rosoman, Alison, Tyler, Jayne, White, Ann, Crowe (nee Hughes), Dawn, Flynn-Batham, Marian, Folkes, Linda, Funnell, Sarah, Gilbert, Jeanette, Gomez-Marcos, Raquel, Gonzalez, Celia, Hoskins, Chloe, Moore, Sally, Plataniotis, George, Rippin, Sarah, Smith, Matthew, Tsawayo, Tan, Turner, Nikki, Wakelen, Paula, Cserbane, Anita, Fernandez, Claire, Kurup, Rahul, Manyangadze, Sarah, McLain-Smith, Susan, Protheroe, Andrew, Trewsmith, Neil, Allison, Joanna, Barron, Claire, Beaumont, Erica, Beer, Nigel, Beesley, Kate, Donaldson, David, Duckett, Tracey, Fox, Shirley, Kotze, Michelle, Kumar, Shiyam, Macrory, Joanne, Perry, Jess, Pippard, Lucy, Porter, Tim, Rennie, Kerry, Sparrow, Geoffrey, Williams-Yesson, Barbara, Balderson, Jane, Bowling, Lorna, Brittain, Paul, Brookes, Claire, Campbell, Hilary, Campos, Monica, Conway, Rachel, Davies, Flor, Donnison, Michelle, Elliott, Mark, Evans, Richard, Fallah, Fereshteh, Fearnley, Mark, Giddings, Emma, Gollapothu, Srilakshmi, Harvey, Sally, Holbrook, Andy, Ingham, Jo, Jakeman, Christine, Joseph, Joji, Mole, Lisa, Musunuru, Hima Bindu, Pashley, Sarah, Saleem, Shamila, Stower, Michael, Strider, Paula, Taylor, Carol, Thackray, Louis, Todd, Joanna, Wightman, John, Wilson, Russ, Youngs, Nora, Byrne, Mary Marg, Deenihan, Emma, Durkan, Garret, Jennings, Marian, Mahoney, Catriona, Martin, Joseph, McInerney, Veronica, Raftery, Liz, Rogers, Eamonn, Spillane, Maria, Sullivan, Frank, Teh, Chiaw Woon, Wright, Ann, Harving, Niels, Hejlesen, Finn, Kempel, Mette Moe, Steffensen, Kirsten, Bentzen, Lise, Borre, Michael, Buus, Simon, Fode, Kirsten, Kaa Bach, Birgit, Lassen, Yasmin, Laursen, Vibeke, Lemng Kruse, Helle, Lucakova, Slavka, Nørmark Iversen, Helle, Brasso, Klaus, Christensen, Anne Juel, Gruschy, Lisa, Klovgaard, Karina, Lunau, Anne Sofie, Meidhal Petersen, Peter, Moller Christensen, Trine, Poder, Lone Lund, Ribers, Kristine, Stilling, Sine, Thim, Stine, Torin Lehmann, Anna, Vandborg, Maria, Christensen, Tine, Kokholm, Kathrine Friser, Lindberg, Henriette, Nybom, Kirstine, Rønnengart, Eva, Saxe, Charlotte, Baird, Noelle, Braun, Michael W, Cheung, Arthur, Fourt, Monica, Jackson, Cathy, Jepson, Debbie, Johnson, Arlissa, Karvat, Anand, Kwan, Winkle, McIndoe, Sue, Mitchell, Donna, Sandhu, Sandeep, Serpanchy, Rosanne, Wu, Helen, Beausoleil, Rachelle, Crawford, Melanie, DiMarco, Christine, Ding, Ian, Gladwish, Adam, MacIsaac, Patricia, MarshGray, Kimberley, Morton, Gerard, Murphy, Cara, Pascoe, Caitlin, Pokhrel, Sujata, Stevens, Christiaan, Yoon, Frederick, Yu, Jason, Dubey, Arbind, Sivananthan, Gokulan, Bahary, JeanPaul, Barkati, Maroie, Beauchemin, MarieClaude, Benth, Silvine, Carbonaro, Adriana, Delouya, Guila, ElSokhn, Nidale, Frazzi, Alexandra, Lambert, Carole, Lavertu, Sophie, Menard, Cynthia, Pan, Siew Siew, Rousseau, Pierre, Saad, Fred, Taussky, Daniel, Trudel, Diane, Amanie, John Oliver, Batz, Margaret, Borynec, Carol, Danielson, Brita, Garcia, Leni Santiago, Gramlich, Colin, Lang, Monika, Larson, Beverly, Mallett, Debbie, McCrudden, Sylvia, Murtha, Albert, Parker, Shelley, Parliament, Matthew B, Patel, Samir, Pearcey, Robert, Pervez, Nadeem, Rose, Jim, Shewchuk, Caroline, Smith, Carlie, Usmani, Nawaid, Williams, Candra, Yee, Don, AlRashdan, Abdulla, Avery, Alison, Beaton, Heather, Bond, Brittany, BrucePayne, Kim, Burbridge, Susan, Bursey, Kara, Carvery, Lane, Dill, Kendra, Dugas, Stevie, Harding, Claudia, Hodder, June, Hollenhorst, Helmut, Hubley, Lynn, Joseph, Paul K, Little, Erin, MacDonald, Angela, MacIsaac, Kathy, MacVicar, Jennifer, McCracken, Jillian, Moffatt, Emily, Nieforth, Joan, Patil, Nikhilesh, Rijt, Kelsey van der, Roberts, Victoria, Rose, Tina, Rutledge, Robert DH, Salyzyn, Camryn, Simpson, Robin, Sutherland, Donna, Walker, Heather, Wilke, Derek, Yeo, Tanya, Yunace, Lorrie, Zinck, Connie, Bier, Bianca, Bucci, Catherine, Corbett, Thomas B, Dayes, Ian S, Eady, Robin, Gudelis, Susan O, Hill, Elaine, Kinrade, Yvonne, Laughlin, Anne, Lukka, Himu, Makepeace, Barbara, Marshall, Lynn, Nielsen, Linda, Oliverio, Carmela, Patel, Malti Behn, Tsakirdis, Thedoros, Wong, Jason W T, Allen, Kirsten, Bachand, Francois, Carefoot, Layton, Cotts, Shannon, Creelman, Brianna, Crook, Juanita, GeorgeChayka, Danielle, Halperin, Ross, Hartt, Nancy, Hayes, Jill A, Kim, David, Kim, TuongVan, Kronstal, Flo, Lee, Bernard, Lew, Tanya, McClelland, Marie, Opitz, Debbie, Overend, Aldyn, Reed, Melanie, Watson, Michaella, Wilkie, Karen, Winn, Carol, Yanchuk, Janet, Bonner, Scott, Brander, Mike, Brundage, Michael, Carlson, Cindy, Edwards, Jackie, ElKerdawy, Hala, Harpell, Rhonda, Hartman, Carrie, Kalyvas, Maria, KirbyBello, Denise, Kumar, Vikaash, Leach, Deborah, MacVicar, Karen, Mahmud, Aamer, Maize, Christine, Moelker, Yvonne, Murano, Abby, Paul, Nancy, Ross, Ashley, RossSmith, Marleen, Shenfield, Carey, Spencer, Craig, Tennant, Virginia, Vermette, Tracy, Willing, Stephanie, Zaza, Khaled O, Zeltser, Fred, Gearing, Jennifer, Girolametto, Carla, Gopaul, Darindra, Hamilton, Ronald, Hendel, Debra, Janke, Susan, Knackstedt, Jochen, Kuk, Joda, Morrison, MaryBeth, Mumin, Anissa, Nemirov, Stephanie, Rachakonda, Ramana, Shantz, Brenda S, Siddiqui, Atif, Thallury, Sheeba, Ahmad, Belal, Bailey, Laura, Bauman, Glenn, Camara, Mary Jane, Corkery, Danylle, DSouza, David, DiLullo, Elenor, Eichenberger, Lois, Francis, Peggy, Grant, Susan, Gratton, Albert, Gurzanski, Christina, Hare, Jennifer A, Johnson, Craig, Kenny, Shannon, Lock, Michael I, Loughlin, Kate, Mardell, Stephen, Mayer, Heather, Rodrigues, George B, Sax, Lori, Sebborn, Kes, Sexton, Tracy, Venkatesan, Varagur M, tenHaaf, Darlene, Chatelain, AnneMarie, Fortin, Jacqueline, Houle, Stefanie, Khaouam, Nader, Lachance, Nicole, Laliberte, Benoit, Lemaire, Celine, Nguyen, David H A, Sylvestre, Alma, Vavassis, Peter, Yassa, Michael, Adnaan, Jamila, Briand, Wayne, Casey, Linda, Chipman, Penny, Corwin, Charlotte, Duclos, Marie, Faria, Sergio Luiz, Ghoul, Mokhtar, Joncas, MarieClaude, Koulouris, Zoe, Larocque, Stephanie, Lee, Brenda, Olha, Carolynna, Robert, MarieFrance, Sharma, Rajesh, Shenouda, George, 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Howard H, Priestley, Emilie, Shahid, Negin, Vallieres, Isabelle, Duncan, Graeme, Gleave, Martin E, Goldenberg, S Larry, Karunakaran, Subashini, Keyes, Mira, KimSing, Charmaine, McKenzie, Michael, Morris, William James, Nakashima, Lynne, Peacock, Michael, Pickles, Thomas A, Sibug, Sheena, So, Alan I, Tyldesley, Scott, Zhang, Tina Wanting, Ahmed, Shahida, Ammeter, Barb, Anderson, Leanne, Ann, Taehee, Bakija, Zeljka, Bashir, Bashir, Benjaminson, Patricia, Bergen, Leah, Cadiz, Lovely, Chahine, Jacqueline, Cherepak, Kathy, Chornopyski, Tracy, Chowdhury, Amitava D, Davies, Heather, Dawe, David, Drachenberg, Darrel E, DuMontier, Joelle, Eska, Tiffani, Francisco, Cristina, Gamez, Raquel, Garrett, Gina, Giovannini, Julia, Graham, Jeffrey, Guarino, Robyn, Hunter, William, Johnston, Laurel, Kitkowski, Caitlin, Klapp, Kathi, Koul, Rashmi, Kuzyk, Valerie, Last, Debbie, Li, KuanLin, Long, Heather, Majumdar, Arpita, Marek, Kathleen, McNish, Jennifer, Mills, Laurie, Morales, Maria, Nashed, Maged, Nichol, Rhonda, Ong, Aldrich Dixon, Ouelette, Ashley, Patel, DeepKumar, Pawl, Marilyn, Peak, Lisa, Priebe, Shauna, Quon, Harvey, Rizzuto, Stacey, Rudnicki, Rayleen, Santos, Priscilla, Sharma, Atul, Squires, Mandy, Trakalo, Kathy, Turner, Christy, Vaughn, Jamie, Walker, Lori, Watson, Melanie R, Wei, Joyce, Weir, JoAnn, Woloshyn, Rose, Wood, Allison, Zhang, Hanbo, Zwarych, Darlene, Parker, Chris C, Cook, Adrian D, Clarke, Noel W, Catton, Charles N, Cross, William R, Petersen, Peter M, Persad, Rajendra A, Pugh, Cheryl A, Bower, Lorna C, Bottomley, David M, Chung, Peter W M, Ford, Vicky, Goh, Chee L, Heath, Catherine M, James, Nicholas D, Kim-Sing, Charmaine, Kodavatiganti, Ravi, Malone, Shawn C, Morris, Stephen L, Ong, Aldrich D, Parulekar, Wendy R, Parmar, Mahesh K B, and Sydes, Matthew R

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2024
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