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Genetic modification refers to the reprogramming of an organism’s genetic material (DNA) to achieve favorable attributes. As many were skeptical about genetically modified organisms (GMO), North America enacted a voluntary labeling law on foods containing no GMOs. However, the lack of regulation by government authorities has allowed companies to utilize this legislation and deceitfully entice consumers with such labels to buy their products. To address this, a quantitative experimental case study on five different tofu products in North America, branded with or without a non-GMO label, using polymerase chain reaction was conducted. Results revealed that three tofu products with a non-GMO label were incorrect, while two had inapplicable results. Furthermore, findings suggested more governance on non-GMO labels placed on tofu products. Although this study offered a more extensive insight on the accuracy of non-GMO labels on tofu products, further research is necessary to generalize results on a larger scale.

Siming Yu,1,2 Xinxin Lu,2 Chunsheng Li,2 Zehui Han,2 Yue Li,2 Xianlong Zhang,3 Dandan Guo2,4 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China; 3The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dandan Guo, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China, Email guodandan@hljucm.edu.cn Xianlong Zhang The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangxianlong853@163.comAbstract: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant complication of diabetes and a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Affecting around 40% of diabetic patients, DKD poses substantial economic burdens due to its prevalence worldwide. The primary clinical features of DKD include the leakage of proteins into the urine, altered glomerular filtration, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Current treatments focus on managing hypertension and hyperglycemia to slow the progression of DKD. These include the use of SGLT2 inhibitors to control blood sugar and ACE inhibitors to reduce blood pressure. Despite these measures, current treatments do not cure DKD and fail to address its underlying causes. Emerging research highlights mitochondrial dysfunction as a pivotal factor in DKD progression. The kidneys’ high energy requirements make them particularly susceptible to disturbances in mitochondrial function. In DKD, mitochondrial damage leads to reduced energy production and increased oxidative stress, exacerbating tissue damage. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is a key aspect of this dysfunction, with studies suggesting that changes in mtDNA copy number can serve as biomarkers for the progression of the disease. Efforts to target mitochondrial dysfunction are gaining traction as a potential therapeutic strategy. This includes promoting mitochondrial health through pharmacological and lifestyle interventions aimed at enhancing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress. Such approaches could lead to more effective treatments that directly address the DKD.Keywords: diabetic kidney disease, TFAM, mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial DNA, oxidative stress

Zhengyi Han,1,2 Yangyang Zhang,1,2 Chenxi Xue,3 Shiyun Jin,1,2 Qi Chen,1,2 Ye Zhang1,2 1Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ye Zhang, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-055163869480, Email zhangye_hassan@sina.comPurpose: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a highly invasive procedure causing severe postoperative pain, which hampers early mobility. Effective pain management is crucial for optimal recovery. This study aimed to evaluate how adductor canal block (ACB) and femoral nerve block (FNB) affect opioid use and inflammation factor levels in elderly TKA patients.Methods: This prospective observational study included 120 patients who received TKA, and divided them into three groups, based on the different nerve block technique: ACB, FNB, and no intervention before general anesthesia (CON). Postoperative opioid consumption, pain assessment, inflammation factor, knee function recovery and other clinical indicators were recorded.Results: The CON group had significantly higher cumulative sufentanil consumption compared to the ACB and FNB groups at both 12 h and 48h postoperative (P< 0.001). Compared with the CON group, the ACB and FNB groups persistently had lower pain scores until 12 h at rest and 24 h during motion after surgery. The ACB group showed significantly lower serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared to the CON group at 24 h postoperative (P=0.017, P=0.009), and IL-6 levels remained significantly lower at 72 h postoperative (P=0.005). Both ACB and FNB groups achieved earlier ambulation compared to the CON group (P=0.002). On the first day postoperative, both the ACB and FNB groups showed significantly better knee motion (P< 0.001), quadriceps strength (P< 0.001), and daily mobilization (P< 0.001) compared to the CON group. Additionally, the ACB group exhibited superior quadriceps strength (P< 0.001) and daily mobilization (P< 0.001) compared to the FNB group.Conclusion: The ACB and FNB groups exhibited comparable clinical efficacy outcomes in terms of pain scores and opioid consumption. However, the ACB group experienced reduced postoperative inflammation and improved knee recovery, especially in quadriceps strength.Keywords: adductor canal block, femoral nerve block, opioid, analgesia, inflammation, TKA

Wenjie Xie,1,2,&ast; Yixun Zhang,1,2,&ast; Qianfeng Xu,1,2,&ast; Guowei Zhong,1,2 Jundong Lin,2,3 Huichan He,3 Qiuling Du,2 Huijing Tan,1,2 Muqi Chen,1,2 Zhenjie Wu,1– 3 Yulin Deng,1,2 Zhaodong Han,1– 3 Jianming Lu,1,2,4 Jianheng Ye,1,2,4 Fen Zou,1,2 Yangjia Zhuo,1,2 Weide Zhong1– 4 1Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People’s Republic of China; 3Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yangjia Zhuo; WeideZhong, Email eyyangjiazhuo@scut.edu.cn; zhongwd2009@live.cnPurpose: Current treatment approaches for Prostate cancer (PCa) often come with debilitating side effects and limited therapeutic outcomes. There is urgent need for an alternative effective and safe treatment for PCa.Methods: We developed a nanoplatform to target prostate cancer cells based on graphdiyne (GDY) and a copper-based metal-organic framework (GDY-CuMOF), that carries the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) for cancer treatment. Moreover, to provide GDY-CuMOF@DOX with homotypic targeting capability, we coated the PCa cell membrane (DU145 cell membrane, DCM) onto the surface of GDY-CuMOF@DOX, thus obtaining a biomimetic nanoplatform (DCM@GDY-CuMOF@DOX). The nanoplatform was characterized by using transmission electron microscope, atomic force microscope, X-ray diffraction, etc. Drug release behavior, antitumor effects in vivo and in vitro, and biosafety of the nanoplatform were evaluated.Results: We found that GDY-CuMOF exhibited a remarkable capability to load DOX mainly through π-conjugation and pore adsorption, and it responsively released DOX and generated Cu+ in the presence of glutathione (GSH). In vivo experiments demonstrated that this nanoplatform exhibits remarkable cell-killing efficiency by generating lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediating cuproptosis. In addition, DCM@GDY-CuMOF@DOX effectively suppresses tumor growth in vivo without causing any apparent side effects.Conclusion: The constructed DCM@GDY-CuMOF@DOX nanoplatform integrates tumor targeting, drug-responsive release and combination with cuproptosis and chemodynamic therapy, offering insights for further biomedical research on efficient PCa treatment. Keywords: graphdiyne, biomimetic nanoplatform, cuproptosis, chemotherapy, prostate cancer

Zhouzhou Feng,1 Zhengcai Han,1 Yaqin Wang,1 Hong Guo,1 Jian Liu1,2 1The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China; 2Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jian Liu, Department of Clinical Medicine, the First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 136 0935 4197, Email medecinliu@sina.comObjective: To comparison of the application of Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer and Jet Nebulizer in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Research Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statements. The primary outcome measures analyzed included: The amount of inhaler in the urine sample at 30 minutes after inhalation therapy (USAL0.5), The total amount of inhaler in urine sample within 24 hours (USAL24), Aerosol emitted, Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC).Results: Ten studies were included with a total of 314 study participants, including 157 subjects in the VMN group and 157 subjects in the JN group. The data analysis results of USAL0.5, MD (1.88 [95% CI, 0.95 to 2.81], P = 0.000), showed a statistically significant difference. USAL24, MD (1.61 [95% CI, 1.14 to 2.09], P = 0.000), showed a statistically significant difference. The results of aerosol emitted showed a statistically significant difference in MD (3.44 [95% CI, 2.84 to 4.04], P = 0.000). The results of FEV1 showed MD (0.05 [95% CI, − 0.24 to 0.35], P=0.716), the results were not statistically significant. The results of FVC showed MD (0.11 [95% CI, − 0.18 to 0.41], P=0.459), the results were not statistically significant. It suggests that VMN is better than JN and provides higher aerosols, but there is no difference in improving lung function between them.Conclusion: VMN is significantly better than JN in terms of drug delivery and utilization in the treatment of patients with COPD. However, in the future use of nebulizers, it is important to select a matching nebulizer based on a combination of factors such as mechanism of action of the nebulizer, disease type and comorbidities, ventilation strategies and modes, drug formulations, as well as cost-effectiveness, in order to achieve the ideal treatment of COPD.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aerosol, vibrating mesh nebulizers, jet nebulizers, meta-analysis

Nonadherence to physicians’ recommendations can have a detrimental impact on patient health, to say nothing of the financial cost to the already unsustainable Canadian healthcare system. This comparative study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the factors influencing adherence to prescribed medications and lifestyle change recommendations among First Nations patients and patients of European ancestry. In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 40 participants in Northern British Columbia, Canada. Interviews were transcribed and qualitatively analyzed. Results show that medical adherence derives from an interaction between personal factors and situational or external factors. A comparative analysis revealed that a disproportionate number of First Nations patients faced situational barriers that impeded with medical adherence. These factors include geographical isolation, lack of access to a regular doctor, negative healthcare experiences, and financial constraints. Analyzed through a postcolonial interpretive lens, the research findings highlight the need to reduce systemic barriers within the healthcare system and the wider social context, especially among First Nations patients living in remote communities.

Jiaqi Tian,1,&ast; Zhengpu Han,1,2,&ast; Dandan Song,1 Yanjie Peng,1 Min Xiong,3 Zhen Chen,2 Shuyin Duan,4 Lin Zhang1,5 1Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lin Zhang, Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-531-68795046, Email zhanglin8901@163.com Shuyin Duan, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13419581411, Email shuyinduan@126.comAbstract: Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles that transfer bioactive molecules between cells and modulate various biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions. By applying bioengineering technologies, exosomes can be modified to express specific markers or carry therapeutic cargo and emerge as novel platforms for the treatment of cancer, neurological, cardiovascular, immune, and infectious diseases. However, there are many challenges and uncertainties in the clinical translation of exosomes. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances and challenges in the translation of engineered exosomes, with a special focus on the methods and strategies for loading drugs into exosomes, the pros and cons of different loading methods, and the optimization of exosome production based on the drugs to be encapsulated. Moreover, we also summarize the current clinical applications and prospects of engineered exosomes, as well as the potential risks and limitations that need to be addressed in exosome engineering, including the standardization of exosome preparation and engineering protocols, the quality and quantity of exosomes, the control of drug release, and the immunogenicity and cytotoxicity of exosomes. Overall, engineered exosomes represent an exciting frontier in nanomedicine, but they still face challenges in large-scale production, the maintenance of storage stability, and clinical translation. With continuous advances in this field, exosome-based drug formulation could offer great promise for the targeted treatment of human diseases.Keywords: engineered exosomes, drug delivery, clinical application, preparation strategy

Hanyu Fang,1,2 Tairan Dong,1 Shanlin Li,1 Yihan Zhang,1 Zhuojun Han,1 Mingfei Liu,1,2 Wenjun Dong,1,2 Zheng Hong,1,2 Min Fu,3 Hongchun Zhang1,2 1Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 100029; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hongchun Zhang, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13701226664, Email 13701226664@139.com Min Fu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13366093706, Email bdfumin@126.comObjective: Although studies on the association between COPD and lung cancer are of great significance, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted in the field of their comorbidity. This bibliometric analysis explores the current situation and frontier trends in the field of COPD and lung cancer comorbidity, and to lay a new direction for subsequent research.Methods: Articles in the field of COPD and cancer comorbidity were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collections (WoSCC) from 2004 to 2023, and analyzed by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Biblimatrix and WPS Office.Results: In total, 3330 publications were included. The USA was the leading country with the most publications and great influence. The University of Groningen was the most productive institution. Edwin Kepner Silverman was the most influential scholar in this field. PLOS One was found to be the most prolific journal. Mechanisms and risk factors were of vital importance in this research field. Environmental pollution and pulmonary fibrosis may be future research prospects.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis provided new guidance for the development of the field of COPD and lung cancer comorbidity by visualizing current research hotspots, and predicting possible hot research directions in the future.Keywords: COPD, lung cancer, bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer, CiteSpace

Zhiyong Han, Dan Wang, Chuanyun Jiang, Yuliang Zhang School of Business Administration, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuliang Zhang, School of Business Administration, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, 962, Caoshan Road, Bengbu, 233030, People’s Republic of China, Email zyl_1203@163.comPurpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected all aspects of people’s lives and work, negatively impacting personal well-being and job satisfaction. Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study examines the relationship of organizational adaptive practices (OAP) responding to COVID-19 and psychological resilience (PR) with employee job satisfaction (JS) while incorporating the mediating role of emotional exhaustion (EE).Methods: We surveyed 340 employees from China through an online questionnaire, which was used under convenience sampling and finally recovered a valid sample size of 314. We used SPSS and AMOS to analyze the correlation and hypothesis testing of the collected data through structural equation modelling (SEM) and bootstrapping.Results: Both OAP and PR facilitate JS and inhibit employee EE. EE negatively predicted employee JS. EE mediated both the relationship between OAP and subordinate JS and the relationship between PR and subordinate JS.Conclusion: The study provides a new perspective on increasing JS during the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby expanding the scope of the antecedents of employee JS in crisis situations. It also reveals the mediating role of EE and deepens the research on the mechanism by which OAP and PR affect individuals, providing practical guidance for organizations to improve employee satisfaction in sudden public crisis situations.Keywords: COVID-19, organizational adaptive practices, psychological resilience, job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion

Haoran Chen,1,2,&ast; Zhongyu Han,2,&ast; Yi Wang,1,&ast; Junyan Su,3 Yumeng Lin,4 Xuhua Cheng,1 Wen Liu,1 Jingyu He,5 Yiyue Fan,6 Liuyan Chen,2 Houdong Zuo1 1Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopaedics, The First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Ophthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China; 5Sichuan Judicial and Police Officers Professional College, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China; 6Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Houdong Zuo, Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China, Email xhyyzhd@163.com Liuyan Chen, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China, Email Lycheecly@163.comAbstract: Ferroptosis is a new cell fate decision discovered in recent years. Unlike apoptosis, autophagy or pyroptosis, ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial morphological changes. Ferroptosis is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been increasingly studied concerning bone-related diseases. In this review, we focus on the latest research progress and prospects, summarize the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, and discuss the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteosarcoma (OS), as well as its therapeutic potential.Keywords: ferroptosis, cell death, iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, bone-related diseases

Hanyu Fang,1,2,&ast; Tairan Dong,1,&ast; Zhuojun Han,1 Shanlin Li,1 Mingfei Liu,1 Ying Liu,3 Qiwen Yang,1 Min Fu,4 Hongchun Zhang1,2 1Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 3The Second Health and Medical Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongchun Zhang, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13701226664, Email 13701226664@139.com Min Fu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13366093706, Email bdfumin@126.comObjective: The comorbidity of pulmonary fibrosis and COPD/emphysema has garnered increasing attention. However, no bibliometric analysis of this comorbidity has been conducted thus far. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis to explore the current status and cutting-edge trends in the field, and to establish new directions for future research.Methods: Statistical computing, graphics, and data visualization tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Biblimatrix, and WPS Office were employed.Results: We identified a total of 1827 original articles and reviews on the comorbidity of pulmonary fibrosis and COPD/emphysema published between 2004 and 2023. There was an observed increasing trend in publications related to this comorbidity. The United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom were the countries with the highest contributions. Professor Athol Wells and the University of Groningen had the highest h-index and the most articles, respectively. Through cluster analysis of co-cited documents, we identified the top 17 major clusters. Keyword analysis predicted that NF-κB, oxidative stress, physical activity, and air pollution might be hot spots in this field in the future.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis demonstrates a continuous increasing trend in literature related to the comorbidity of pulmonary fibrosis and COPD/emphysema. The research hotspots and trends identified in this study provide a reference for in-depth research in this field, aiming to promote the development of the comorbidity of pulmonary fibrosis and COPD/emphysema.Keywords: COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer, CiteSpace

Batudeligen, Zhiqiang Han, Hongmei Chen, Narisu, Yanhua Xu, Anda, Gegentaoli Han Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Batudeligen, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, 1742 East Huolinhe Dajie, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, 028007, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86- 475- 8215505, Email Batudeligen123@163.comBackground: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with single or compound materials is an effective cure for liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a key role in liver fibrosis pathology and have become a novel drug target for this condition.Methods: CCK-8 assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of four components, SYPA, HSYPA, Apigenin, and Luteolin, from Deduhonghua-7 powder on HSC-T6 cells. Transforming Growth Factor β 1 (TGFβ 1)-induced fibrotic cell model and CCI4-induced fibrotic rat model were constructed, the expression of fibrosis-related genes, the pathological changes and serum biochemical markers were evaluated. Proteomic analysis was performed to determine the mechanism by which luteolin attenuated liver fibrosis, which were further confirmed by Western blot.Results: Luteolin attenuates liver fibrosis in HSC-T6 cells and luteolin decreases the liver fibrosis index level in vivo. A total of 5000 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained using proteomic analysis. KEGG analysis found that DEPs were concentrated in various metabolic pathways, including DNA replication and repair and lysosomal signaling. GO analysis showed that molecular functions included the activity and binding of various enzymes, related cellular components included the extracellular space, lysosomal lumen, mitochondrial matrix, and nucleus, and biological processes included collagen organization and biosynthesis and the positive regulation of cell migration. Western blot results showed that CCR1, CD59, and NAGA were downregulated in TGFβ 1 treatment, while upregulated both in Lut2 and Lut10 treatment. Meanwhile, eight proteins, ITIH3, MKI67, KIF23, DNMT1, P4HA3, CCDC80, APOB, FBLN2, that were upregulated in TGFβ 1 treatment, while downregulated both in Lut2 and Lut10 treatment.Conclusion: Luteolin was shown to have a strong protective effect on liver fibrosis. CCR1, CD59, and NAGA may promote liver fibrosis while ITIH3, MKI67, KIF23, DNMT1, P4HA3, CCDC80, APOB, and FBLN2 may facilitate protection against fibrosis.Keywords: luteolin, deduhonghua-7 powder, liver fibrosis, proteomic analysis, TGFβ 1

Xiaoyan Li,1 Bin Zhang,1 Wen Ding,2 Xianfen Jia,1 Zhen Han,1 Lin Zhang,2 Yifeng Hu,2 Bing Shen,2 Huiqin Wang1 1Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bing Shen, Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-551-65161132, Fax +86-551-65161126, Email shenbing@ahmu.edu.cn Huiqin Wang, Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, 15 Yimin Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13955130296, Email 1871024765@qq.comBackground: Women who develop diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of preterm birth. Here, we identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the serum of umbilical cord blood samples obtained from preterm neonates delivered by women with gestational diabetes to provide therapeutic targets for clinical drug development.Materials and Methods: Umbilical cord blood was collected after delivery of preterm neonates by women with gestational diabetes and after delivery of healthy neonates by women without diabetes. DEPs in the serum samples were identified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Gene Ontology (GO), cluster analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to determine the biological functions associated with these DEPs. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to confirm the key DEPs.Results: We found that 21 proteins were significantly upregulated, and 51 proteins were significantly downregulated in 72 DEPs in serum samples. GO analyses showed that the DEPs were mainly associated with the GO terms cellular process, biological regulation, cellular anatomical entity, and binding. KEGG signaling pathway analysis indicated that most of the upregulated DEPs were associated with the complement and coagulation cascades, Staphylococcus aureus infection, pertussis, HIF-1 signaling pathway and PPAR signaling pathway and that most of the downregulated DEPs were associated with the complement and coagulation cascades, dilated cardiomyopathy, pathways in cancer, Chagas disease, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The results of KEGG pathway annotation and enrichment analyses indicated that changes in the complement and coagulation cascades may be importantly associated with preterm delivery of neonates by women with gestational diabetes. The key DEPs were confirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Conclusion: Our proteomics and bioinformatics analyses identified several key proteins and the complement and coagulation cascades pathway that warrant further investigation as potential novel therapeutic targets in preterm delivery among women with gestational diabetes.Keywords: label-free LC-MS/MS, proteomics, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, complement and coagulation cascades

Jiao Ma,1,&ast; Zhuoxiao Han,1,&ast; Rui Jiao,1 Guanli Yuan,1 Cuiqing Ma,2 Xixin Yan,1 Aihong Meng1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Aihong Meng, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Email mengaihong_med@126.comBackground: PM2.5 exposure is one of the major inducements of various respiratory diseases and related mortality. Meanwhile, irisin, a metabolism and thermogenesis-related hormone, is found to be protective against acute lung injury induced by LPS, which indicates its therapeutic function in lung injury. However, the function and underlying mechanism of irisin in PM2.5-induced acute lung injury (ALI) are still unclear. This study is aimed to discover the potential mechanisms of irisin in PM2.5-induced acute lung injury.Methods: Atg5 deficient mice and cells were established to clarify the relationship between irisin and autophagy in PM2.5-induced ALI. We also used Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B as a monitor of autophagy flux to claim the effects of irisin on autophagy. Western blotting and qPCR were used to reveal the molecular mechanism.Results: As a result, PM2.5 exposure induced lung injury whereas mitigated by irisin. Moreover, PM2.5 hampered autophagy flux, characterized by accumulation of p62, and autophagosomes, as well as blocked autolysosomes. Irisin improved the disturbed autophagy flux, which was abrogated by deficiency of Atg5. Additionally, we demonstrated that irisin activated AMPK and inhibited mTOR, which indicated the enhanced autophagy. Moreover, blockage of AMPK by compound C terminated irisin’s induction of autophagy in cultured MH-S cells.Conclusion: Our findings reveal that irisin performs protective effects against PM2.5-induced ALI by activating autophagy through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.Keywords: irisin, PM2.5, acute lung injury, autophagy

Yu Huang,1,2 Yilian Xie,1,3 Lei Huang,1 Zhen Han1,2 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Guangdong, 518036, People’s Republic of China; 2Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China; 3Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhen Han, Email 2498159698@qq.comPurpose: No consensus has been established on the safety and effectiveness of out-of-hospital management of Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) therapy combining portable coagulometers and telemedicine. The present meta-analysis investigated the safety and effectiveness of this hybrid anticoagulants management model.Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for papers published before May 1, 2022. To reduce bias, only randomized controlled trials were included. RevMan 5.3 (Cochrane) software was used to evaluate and analyze clinical outcomes, including the effectiveness and safety of patient management approaches, determined by the time in the therapeutic range (TTR) and occurrence of thrombotic and bleeding events.Results: Eight studies, comprising 3853 patients, were selected. The meta-analysis showed that anticoagulant management combining portable coagulometers and telemedicine significantly improved frequency of testing (mean difference [MD]= 12.95 days; 95% CI, 8.77– 17.12; I2= 92%; P< 0.01) and TTR (MD= 9.50%; 95% CI, 3.16– 15.85; I2= 87%; P< 0.01). Thromboembolism events were reduced (RR= 0.72; 95% CI, 0.51– 1.01; I2= 0%; P= 0.05), but the results were not statistically significant. And no significant differences in major bleeding events, rehospitalization rate, mortality, or overall treatment cost existed between the two groups.Conclusion: Although the safety of remote cardiovascular disease management is not superior to that of conventional outpatient anticoagulant management, it provides a more stable monitoring of coagulation status.Keywords: VKA therapy, warfarin, telemedicine, self-testing, randomized controlled studies, meta-analysis

Chao Liu,1 Dong Yang,2 Zhiyong Han2 1School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Business Administration, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhiyong Han, School of Business Administration, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China, Email hzyong@aufe.edu.cnPurpose: Although social networking services (SNSs) have attracted billions of people to maintain and extend their social relationships online, more and more passive usage behaviors have been found during the daily SNS usage. The aim of this paper is to investigate how SNS users’ continuance intention is affected by passive SNS use, subjective well-being, as well as perceived concern regarding privacy and impression management.Methods: A research model was developed according to the proposed hypotheses, and then partial least square (PLS) SEM was adopted to empirically assess the valid data collected from 389 WeChat users.Results: The findings show that passive SNS use cannot significantly undermine continuance intention, but it has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between subjective well-being and continuance intention. Besides, the results of empirical research also reveal the antecedents of passive SNS use and subjective well-being from the perspectives of privacy concern and impression management concern, and thereby present the mechanism underlying users’ continuance intention.Conclusion: This study enriches the SNS literature by indicating the moderating role of passive SNS use in the process of SNS usage, which facilitates the understanding regarding how users’ continuance intention can be influenced when they use SNSs passively. This study can help SNS providers to better understand the factors affecting users’ continuance intention in the case of passive SNS use, and then formulating effective strategies for retaining users and avoiding passive usage behaviors.Keywords: social networking services, passive SNS use, continuance intention, social well-being, WeChat

The issue of pedestrian-level wind environments around high-rise buildings is closely related to the comfort and safety of human settlements. In this paper, we study the effects of different wind direction angles and spacing ratios on the wind environment at pedestrian heights around buildings arranged in an equilateral triangle configuration. Three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation was employed, with the standard k-ε model selected as the turbulence model. Wind speed ratios and different area ratio parameters are used to quantitatively express the degree and range of influence of wind speed by buildings. The results show that the maximum wind speed ratio at the corner of a building is greatly affected by the wind direction angle, with 45°, 135°, and 157.5° being the unfavorable wind direction angles. Conversely, the area ratio of different areas is greatly affected by the spacing ratio. As the spacing ratio increases, the mutual interference effect between buildings weakens, resulting in a better pedestrian wind environment. Owing to the unique layout of the building group, different degrees of ventilation corridors are formed among the three buildings. The wind speed amplification effect in the corridors is more significant, and the areas with poor wind environments are concentrated in these corridors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To investigate the impact of perioperative rapid rehabilitation nursing on pelvic floor function of patients during transvaginal natural cavity endoscopic hysterectomy using perineal Four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound imaging technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients undergoing natural cavity endoscopic hysterectomy were evenly divided into control group (CG) and observation group (OG). The CG adopted perioperative nursing mode, and the OG adopted rapid rehabilitation nursing on the basis of the CG. The perineal 4D ultrasound imaging technology was used to evaluate the postoperative pelvic floor function parameters and the incidence of pelvic floor function abnormalities in the two groups. Results: During anal retraction, the OG exhibited a substantially higher urethral rotation angle and bladder neck mobility compared to the CG (P < 0.05). Under resting conditions, the ultrasonic parameters of the two groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The OG's ultrasonography parameters were substantially lower than the CG's under the highest Valsalva condition (P < 0.05). The incidence of internal urethral orifice infundification did not differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared to the OG, the CG had a considerably higher incidence of cystocele (P < 0.05). There was a clear difference in pelvic prolapse distance between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: 4D ultrasound is conducive to accurately identifying the morphological structure and function of the pelvic floor in patients with hysterectomy, and provides guidance for the formulation of the rehabilitation treatment plan for the pelvic floor muscle of the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We need to resolve the individual stars for binary-fraction determinations of stellar systems. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain the binary fractions for dense or distant stellar systems. We propose a method to determine the binary fraction of a dense or distant stellar system: this method is first to determine the binary-fraction variation for any two adjacent regions and then to add up those binary-fraction variations along the radial direction to obtain the binary fraction for a stellar system. The binary-fraction variation is derived using 10 binary-fraction-sensitive spectral absorption feature indices (SAFIs) and the binary-fraction variation calibrations in terms of these SAFIs. Using this method, we first present the binary-fraction variations for 21 Galactic globular clusters (GCs). By comparison, we find that they agree well with the binary fractions based on the main-sequence fiducial line method from previous studies. This verifies that the above-mentioned method is feasible. Next, we present the binary-fraction variations of 13 Galactic GCs. We give the relationships between the binary fraction and various parameters, and find that the binary fraction is negatively correlated with N HB and N RR, the binary fraction of some studies is not strongly correlated with N BS, and the number of GCs with large binary fraction is greater for the extreme blue horizontal branch population ratio. Finally, if we want to obtain a more accurate binary fraction, we suggest that spectroscopic and photometric observations are conducted at an appropriate area interval for a stellar system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhan T, Zhu Q, Han Z, et al. Cancer Manag Res. 2020;12:1483–1492. The authors have advised Figure 4C on page 1490 is incorrect. Due to an error at the time of figure assembly Figure 4D and Figure 4C were inadvertently duplicated. The correct Figure 4 is shown below. Figure 4 miR-455-3p restrains Wnt/β-catenin signaling via TAZ. (A and B) Expression of β-catenin, Cyclin D and C-myc in pancreatic cancer cells transfected with miR-455-3p mimic or miR-455-3p mimic plus TAZ expression vector was detected by qPCR. (C and D) Western blot analysis of β-catenin, Cyclin D and C-myc in PANC1 and MIAPaCa2 cells transfected with miR-455-3p mimic or miR-455-3p mimic plus TAZ expression vector β-actin is used as loading control vs miR-455-3p mimics/mimic control group, miR-455-3p mimics/miR-455-3p mimics+TAZ group. *p

Yizhou Peng,1 Li Meng,1 Xuemei Hu,2 Zhiqiang Han,3 Zhenya Hong1 1Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s People’s Republic of China; 3Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhenya HongDepartment of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 027-83665046Email hongzhenya@126.comZhiqiang HanCancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie-Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail hanzq2003@126.comBackground: The selective Janus-activated kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib (rux) is now widely used to treat myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera due to its remarkable effect of reducing splenomegaly and improving constitutional symptoms. With opportunistic infections secondary to rux constantly reported; however, an increasing number of studies have begun to investigate the mechanism and underlying immunosuppressive effect of rux.Case Presentation: We report two cases of tuberculosis (TB) in primary myelofibrosis patients during rux therapy. The first patient received rux soon after diagnosis, and tracheobronchial TB (TBTB) and bronchoesophageal fistula were found after 4 months. After discontinuation of rux, antituberculosis therapy (ATT) was introduced. The second patient initiated rux due to progressive splenomegaly after 7.5 years of interferon therapy and was diagnosed with disseminated TB after 2 months. He received ATT as well. His rux was maintained due to the high burden of systematic symptoms and splenomegaly. Both myelofibrosis and TB were well controlled in these patients.Conclusion: This is the first case report that describes rux-related TBTB accompanied by a bronchoesophageal fistula. Through a review of the literature, we provide supporting evidence to the finding that intrinsic disorders of myeloproliferative neoplasms and rux-induced immunologic deregulation together lead to TB. We highlight the importance of screening for latent TB infection and timely chemoprophylaxis before rux therapy. Once TB is diagnosed during treatment, rux is recommended to be stopped and active ATT should begin quickly.Keywords: myelofibrosis, ruxolitinib, tuberculosis, infection