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Positive regulatory domain member (PRDM) proteins play a critical role in the transmission of signals that control cell proliferation and differentiation, and neoplastic transformation. Positive regulatory domain member 10 (tristanin) is a poorly studied member of PRDM protein family. Gene fusion transcripts containing PRDM10 were recently identified in low-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS), and associated with pleomorphic morphology and low mitotic index. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical staining of PRDM10 in a larger sample of soft tissue sarcomas. Therefore, the study included 118 soft tissue sarcomas from different classes, and PRDM10 antibody was applied to all of them. Immuno-histochemically, staining was observed in 22 (19%) cases, while 96 (81%) showed no staining. When PRDM10 expression was compared with clinico-pathological features, there was a statistically significant correlation between PRDM10 expression and myxoid changes, multi-nucleated giant cells, and surgical margin (p = 0.017, p = 0.034, p = 0.032, respectively). No statistically significant association was found between PRDM10 expression and other parameters. Based on the obtained data, it can be said that PRDM10-positive-stained tumors (tumors with PDRM10 expression) are mostly myxoid, containing multi-nucleated giant cells, and can be removed with well-circumscribed margins.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an electromagnetic field (EMF), generated close to the ovaries, on primordial follicles. A total of 16 rats were used in this study. The study group consisted of rats exposed to an EMF in the abdominal region for 15 min/d for 15 days. Both the study and control group were composed of eight rats. After the treatment period of 15 days, the ovaries of the rats were extracted, and sections of ovarian tissue were taken for histological evaluation. The independent samples t test was used to compare the two groups. In the study group, the means of the right and left ovarian follicle numbers were 34.00 ± 10.20 and 36.00 ± 10.53, respectively. The average total ovarian follicle number was 70.00 ± 19.03. In the control group, the means of the right and left ovarian follicle numbers were 78.50 ± 25.98 and 71.75 ± 29.66, respectively, and the average total ovarian follicle number was 150.25 ± 49.53. The comparisons of the means of the right and left ovarian follicle numbers and the means of the total ovarian follicle numbers between the study and control groups indicated that the study group had significantly fewer follicles (p

Background: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are commonly studied growth factors, but little data are available on the immunohistochemical expression of these factors in parathyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: Tissue specimens from 36 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (P-HPT) (26 adenomas and 10 primary hyperplasias) were examined. Normal parathyroid tissue adjacent to the adenoma or area of hyperplasia was used as control tissue. Preoperative laboratory testing [serum Ca and P, creatinine and parathormone levels (PTH)] which led to the diagnosis of P-HPT had been performed, the size and weight of the parathyroid glands measured, and postoperative serum PTH levels determined. Paraffin-embedded parathyroid tissue specimens were stained with antibodies to IGF-1, VEGF, and TGF-β1 using standard immunohistochemical procedures. Results: IGF-1 immunoreactivity was seen in 50% of hyperplasia and in 46% of adenoma samples, but in 87% of normal parathyroid tissue in the vicinity of the adenomas (P = 0.005). TGF-β1 immunoreactivity was observed in 90% of hyperplasia, in 92% of adenoma samples, and in 95% of normal tissues around adenomas. VEGF immunoreactivity was observed in 70% of hyperplastic and 65% of adenomatous tissues, as well as in 54% of normal tissues in the vicinity of the adenoma. No significant differences in the expression of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and VEGF were observed between primary adenomas compared to hyperplasia samples (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Parathyroid tissue is clearly a site for production of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and VEGF. IGF-1 receptor activity was higher in normal parathyroid tissue compared to hyperplastic and adenomatous tissue.

Ependymomas commonly arise in the central nervous system. Extraneural presentation is quite rare. Herein, we describe a primary extraneural ependymoma in a young female. The mass was located in the right inguinal area. The cut surface of the 7.5 mm × 6.5 mm × 4.5 mm sized tumor was brownish-yellow in color. Histologically, it was hypercellular exhibiting pseudorosette or rosette formations and some papillary structures. Mitosis was counted as high as 10 per 10 high power fields. Neither necrosis nor vascular endothelial proliferation within the tumor was observed. Tumor cells showed strong glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity. On epithelial membrane antigen, intracytoplasmic dot-like immunostaining was observed. This is the first report presenting a primary extraneural anaplastic ependymoma arising in the inguinal subcutaneous region.

Background: High-grade transformation or dedifferentiation in carcinoma is progression of a low-grade malignant neoplasm to a high-grade carcinoma or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. This is rarely observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Case Report: A 39 year-old woman presented with a painless mass at the left submandibulary region that had been growing slowly for 5 years. Submandibulary mass resection revealed a mass with peripheral adenoid cystic carcinoma and a central high-grade tumor delineated with a fibrous rim, raising the possibility of a hybrid or composite carcinoma, requiring differential diagnosis depending upon morphology and immunohistochemistry findings. The final histopathological diagnosis was high-grade transformation of adenoid cystic carcinoma. After surgical therapy, the patient was irradiated to the neck and submandibulary region. No sign of tumor recurrence has been evident for 36 months. Conclusion: This present case seems to be another rare case with high-grade transformation of adenoid cystic carcinoma and the fibrous rim may be a histopathological feature of such cases, which should be kept in mind.

Introduction. Although pyogenic granulomas (PG) are common and benign vascular proliferations of the skin and mucous membranes, they are relatively rare on the vulva. Case Presentation. A 57-year-old G7P7 postmenopausal woman presented with a 3-year history of a foul smell and bleeding lesions in the genital region. A gynecologic examination revealed multiple large papillomatous, pedunculated, and lobulated lesions that were cherry-red and infective in appearance. There was a 2-cm lesion at the upper intersection of the labia majora, a 2-cm lesion on the right labium majus, and a 4-cm lesion on the clitoris. The patient complained of itching, and the lesions were asymptomatic, except for occasional bleeding. All lesions were excised and sent for histopathological examination, which revealed an ulcerated polypoidal structure with extensive proliferation of vascular channels lined by a single layer of endothelium. The histopathological features were consistent with PG. Conclusion. The present case is the first case of multiple pyogenic granulomas on the vulva in a postmenopausal woman.

[Arch Clin Exp Surg 2013; 2(4.000): 270-271]

Systemic amyloidosis is one of the serious complications of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). Amyloid accumulation secondary to FMF can cause pressure symptoms in thyroid gland rarely. A 17-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of FMF performed the complaints of dyspnea during his follow-up period. He has demonstrated a rapidly increasing mass localized in front of his neck within the last three months that was diagnosed as a diff use, hyperplasic and pressuring thyroid gland. Total thyroidectomy was performed. Histopathological investigation of the material obtained aft er thyroidectomy revealed diff use lipid infiltration in parenchyma, intense amyloid accumulation around and between the follicles that caused pressure on the follicles, and cystic areas in the tissue. Squamous metaplasia foci in cyst epithelium were detected. Upon these findings the case was diagnosed as amyloid goiter accompanied by metaplastic variations. In conclusion, it can be appropriate to take into account the possibility that metaplastic variations could accompany amyloid goiter in patients with long-term FMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]