Search

The DOI for all versions of this document (.zip) is10.5281/zenodo.3607301 Difference between version 1.1.0 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4548090) & version 1.1.1 Typos and orthography Adding technical information to the filters section. Renumbering figures after adding diagram to filters section This document was created to provide an insight in and review on the technical infrastructure in use for the Narrow Band Multi-Spectral Imaging (NBMSI) system of the 3Pi Project (Book Heritage Lab, Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven), operated in the Imaging Lab of the KU Leuven Libraries. At KU Leuven this narrow band multi-spectral imaging infrastructure has been obtained and is being operated within the framework of this 3Pi Project (Diagnosis of Papyrus-Paper-Parchment manuscripts through advanced Imaging, AKUL/17/001, FWO: I009918N, Mid-scale Research Infrastructure). This NBMSI system was created by R.B. Toth and Associates LLC, in association with Equipose Imaging LLC and Phase One A/S and their local partners; the acquisition software of the system is Spectral XV. The technical infrastructure acquired by the 3Pi Project is part of the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies. Promotor-spokesman is prof. dr. Johan Leemans; coordinator is prof. dr. Lieve Watteeuw (Head Book Heritage Lab); implementation of the NBMSI system by Bruno Vandermeulen (Head Imaging Lab) & Hendrik Hameeuw (Advanced Imaging, Imaging Lab). The NBMSI system at KU Leuven consists of: Phase one XF IQ4150MP AchromaticCamera System (light sensor) Schneider Kreuznach 120mm LS f/4.0 Macro (lens) Filter wheel with band pass and long pass filters 2 Eureka light panels TX Transmitting Module Kaiser rePRO RSP (copystand) Spectral XV software

The DOI for all version of this standard is10.5281/zenodo.3607363 Reasons for update from version 1 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3607364): ● All NBMSI metadata entries received an unique ID. ● Extra insight into the management and handling of the metadata have been added. ● The update provides better tools to allow machine readability of the documented metadata. ● Examples of implementation strings into the EXIF Image Description field. ● Small clarifications and corrections. A. The objective of the KU Leuven NBMSI Metadata Standard, developed within the framework of the 3Pi project,is to define the required or relevant metadata elements and their parameters for image captures created with a photographic Narrow Band Multi-Spectral Imaging (NBMSI) technology. The determined and selected metadata fields provide information necessary to outline the creation environment and technical infrastructure used in the production of the images. These are not standard included in the basic EXIF or IPTC fields embedded in the image derived from the camera system itself. As such this is metadata pertaining to the image dataset and not to the object being imaged. The KU Leuven NBMSI Metadata Standard is intended to provide definitions and conventions, allowing users to access documentation for images stemming from a common set of terminology. This will therefore provide a level of consistency for the metadata information. Therefore, the primary functions of this document are: Providing users of the images with information about the creation environment of narrow band multi-spectral images. Defining standard metadata fields that can be embedded to a multitude of images for consistency and clarity. Outlining the values of these standardized metadata fields; how to measure and enter them. Allowing independent and long-term interpretation of the images. B. The scope of this standard is in the first place aimed at providing coverage to any objects that may be imaged by the narrow band multi-spectral imaging infrastructure deployed by the Imaging Lab at KU Leuven Libraries. This includes the collection held by the University Libraries, as well as collections brought in by external institutions or researchers. Secondly, the standard has also been constructed in the interest of having usability for other institutions, using similar narrow band multi-spectral imaging technology, inside or outside of KU Leuven. C. Related Standards: This standard was developed with direct reference to the Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard. The Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard originally draws from such standards including: Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Element Set (ISO Standard 15836) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Data (FGDS-STD-001-1998) Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO) &nbsp

Difference between version 1.0 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3675269) & version 1.1 Typos and orthography. Finetuning of capture settings of some captures in KULBMSS. Expanding the KULBMSS with recordings made with the TX module (NB backlight). Adding info and documentation on the use of the TX module (NB backlight) This document was created to provide an insight on the basic acquisition sequence applied with the Narrow Band Multi-Spectral Imaging (NBMSI) system used at the KU Leuven (for the document on that systems’ hardware, see https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3607302). It also provides information on the automated file naming (nomenclature) of the captures with that NBMSI system when the Spectral XV software interface for capture and (pre-)processing is used. At KU Leuven this NBMSI infrastructure has been obtained and is being operated within the framework of this 3Pi Project (Diagnosis of Papyrus-Paper-Parchment manuscripts through advanced Imaging, AKUL/17/001, FWO: I009918N). This NBMSI system was created by R.B. Toth and Associates LLC, in association with Equipose Imaging LLC and Phase One A/S and their local partners; the acquisition software of the system is Spectral XV.

The Egyptian collection of the RMAH comprises about one hundred execration figurines made of unbaked clay, bearing curses written in hieratic script (a cursive writing system related to hieroglyphs) and dating to the Middle Kingdom (c. 1850 BC). These represent captured (foreign) enemies and were buried ritually in order to symbolically neutralise foreign and domestic enemies and general threats. Nearly 90 years after their discovery, the red and black pigments used to inscribe these four millennia old objects are now faded or damaged. The Execration texts on these figurines are regarded as one of the most renowned collections of written sources for ancient Near Eastern studies, Egyptian history and Biblical studies for the early 2nd millennium BCE. When it comes to documenting every characteristic of an object in a highly detailed way, clay artefacts inscribed with ink and other pigments, such as the aforementioned figurines, pose a particular challenge. These three-dimensional media with curved surfaces hold traces of writing that, in some cases, have faded or have disappeared completely. The study of these objects is generally hampered by their poor state of conservation, any handling can result in a considerable loss of material (and therefore also valuable information). The EES project aimed to develop new imaging techniques (using interactive 2D, 3D and multispectral images) that can improve the legibility of faded inscriptions and enhance the decorations on clay objects. Combining 3D digitisation and multispectral imaging in a userfriendly and transportable system, that is also manageable by curators, conservators, researchers and other stakeholders in the museum, is a truly pioneering project. It must facilitate the management of recorded collections and offer numerous possibilities for historical and art-technical studies on these objects, while the future handling is limited to a minimum, thus ensuring their sustainability. nrpages: 66 status: published

The representations of the Sasanian coins published in “Une collection de monnaies sassanides de billon, de cuivre et de plomb” by Rika Gyselen & Malek Iradj Mochiri are all based on images made with the so-called Portable Light Dome (PLD) system (Willems et al. 2005; Hameeuw & Willems 2011; Hameeuw 2011), a multi-light/directional reflectance technique. With this method both sides of each coin have been imaged, A. to facilitate their study, B. to digitally safeguard them for curatorial purposes and C. to allow researchers to publish adequately those visualisations of the coin’s surface they selected in support to their study and findings. Figure 1 demonstrates how some different types of archaeological surfaces from the ancient Near East can be visualized with this system. ispartof: Sasanian Coins, Middle-Persian Etymology and the Tabarestan Archive pages:102-106 ispartof: Res Orientales vol:26 pages:102-106 status: published

When heritage objects are being transformed into digital representations, the loss of information is inevitable. The challenge lies in developing integrated systems able to minimize this loss and bring together as many different kinds of recordable characteristics as possible of one and the same object. This contribution presents an approach that combines the detection of colour, surface shape and the reflective characteristics of surfaces by using a selection of IR, Red, Green, Blue and UV light spectra and applying them on 3D models. A multispectral, multi-directional, portable and dome-shaped recording tool has been developed to this end. With the associated software, virtual relighting and enhancements can be applied in an interactive manner based on the principles of photometric stereo: this allows alternating in real time between computations with IR, R, G, B, and UV light spectra. Throughout the testing phases, this non-invasive registration and documentation technique has been applied to monitor and study a vast number of heritage objects, varying from 19th c. BCE Egyptian inscribed clay figurines to medieval illuminations. ispartof: pages:163-192 ispartof: Lights On … Cultural Heritage and Museums! pages:163-192 ispartof: Lights On … Cultural Heritage and Museums! location:Porto date:20 Jul - 22 Jul 2015 status: published

Each built heritage artifact possesses multiple types of information, varying from simple, factual aspects to more complex qualitative and tacit qualities and values like the architectural symbolism of a monument. This paper investigates how tangible interaction can enable the communication of qualitative information of built heritage to lay visitors. Through a comparative, field study in a real-world museum context, we examined how the tangible characteristics of an interactive prototype museum installation influence how visitors perceive a particular story. The communicated story relates a historical journey in ancient Egypt to the physical and architectural characteristics of the entrance colonnade at the Djoser Complex in Saqqara. The first preliminary findings indicate how tangible interaction is able to engage museum visitors more to accomplish additional efforts, facilitating a vivid understanding of cultural values and architectural qualities of built heritage. ispartof: pages:441-444 ispartof: Proceedings of ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation pages:441-444 ispartof: International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation ‘ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0’ location:Valencia, Spain date:5 Sep - 7 Sep 2016 status: published

Within the framework of the project “Tracing Palaeolithic Aurochs: Rock Art Survey in Upper Egypt”, financed by the National Geographic Society, the authors participated in the long standing tradition of Belgian rock art research in Egypt. Under the direction of Dr. Dirk Huyge, extensive stretches of rock formations along wadi’s in the Eastern Desert between Edfu and Kom Ombo were surveyed in October-November 2014 for the presence of more prehistoric rock art sites, similar to the ones already discovered and studied by the Belgian team in this same region at Qurta and el-Hosh (Huyge et al 2007, 2011, 2012; Huyge 2009). This contribution focuses uniquely on a new component introduced to the 2014 mission: the development and testing of HD imaging techniques for rapid and accurate field recording of the sites with petroglyphs. Multi-light reflectance and 3D photogrammetry techniques were tested on their reliability and operability for a survey in the field. no issn/isbn ispartof: pages:1-11 ispartof: Proceedings ”Young Researchers Overseas’ Day” (16.12.2014) pages:1-11 ispartof: Young Researchers Overseas’ Day location:Brussels date:14 Dec - 14 Dec 2014 status: published

This article presents a set of 16 clay cones conserved in the Royal Museums of Art and History (RMAH). They entered the Ancient Near East collections of the museum through various pathways since the early 20th century. These cones, nails or pegs were once placed in the foundations or walls of prominent Mesopotamian structures. The inscriptions on them testify to the grand building achievements of the rulers under which they were produced. The cones discussed in this publication are dated to the reigns of Enmetena, Ur-Bau, Gudea, Šulgi, Išme-Dagan and Lipit-Eštar (ca. 2400 to 1900 BC). In addition, the importance of interactive images for the unbiased publication of this type of three-dimensional inscribed objects is demonstrated using the Portable Light Dome system developed by the KU Leuven. ispartof: Bulletin van de Koninklijke Musea voor Kunst en Geschiedenis vol:84 pages:5-48 status: published

This contribution comments on the five building bricks, inscribed with cuneiform text, belonging to the Ancient Near Eastern section of the archaeological collections of the Leuven University (Belgium). These bricks date to the periods of Amar-Suen (c. 2046-2038 BC), Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC) and Nebuchadnezzar II (c. 605-562 BC) and are remnants of building projects commissioned by these Mesopotamian kings. All of them were studied and are presented here with the help of images made with the Portable Light Dome technology. ispartof: Akkadica vol:136 issue:1 pages:89-101 status: published

The Royal Museums of Art and History of Brussels (RMAH) boast a rich and world-renowned collection of glyptic material from the Ancient Near East. The collection consists of stamp and cylinder seals, seal impressions and sealings, originating from a broad range of cultures and dating from the beginning of their production down to the Roman period. They illustrate the entire historical development of a type of object that provides unique insights into the economic, cultural, enviromental and political history of a vast region. Over the years, many of these seals, seal impressions and sealings have been studied and published, but a comprehensive revision of the entire corpus imposed itself since long date. This contribution presents the first results of this scientific and museological exercise. ispartof: Bulletin van de Koninklijke Musea voor Kunst en Geschiedenis vol:83 pages:23-43 status: published

This contribution presents insights into the ongoing evolution of new visualization techniques relevant for the fields of archaeology and, particularly, Assyriology. We focus on systems and methods facilitating the reading of texts and sealings impressed on clay tablets. Making high resolution 3D models of archaeological objects seems an attractive and fulfilling solution, but in most cases the acquisition of these models is complex and their manipulation is demanding for both computer and researcher. Research groups across the world are working on these issues. In the presented survey, special attention goes to the results developed by Ancient Near Eastern scholars and engineers of Leuven University - Belgium, who built a Portable Light Dome related to the PTM-technology, which supplies schol¬ars with so-called 2D+ images of digitally recorded objects. These virtual artifacts allow a detailed dynamic study of a wide variety of archaeological finds. For the field of cuneiform studies, the outcome is revolutionizing the approach how in a combined way the tablet, the text or any other kind of impressions on its surface can be visualized all together. The new visualization techniques present themselves as excellent digital safeguards and have proven to be high quality aids when used during a study process as well as for consultation after publication. ispartof: Akkadica vol:132 issue:2 pages:163-178 status: published

ispartof: pages:143-151 ispartof: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East - Madrid 2006 pages:143-151 ispartof: International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East location:Madrid 2006 status: published

ispartof: In Search of Gibala. An Acrhaeological and Historical Study Based on Eight Seasons of Excavations at Tell Tweini (Syria) in the A and C Fields (1999 - 2007) (Aula Orientalis - Supplementa 24) pages:75-86 ispartof: pages:75-86 status: published

ispartof: In Search of Gibala. An Archaeological and Historical Study based on Eight Seasons of Excavations at Tell Tweini (Syria) in the A and C fields (1999-2007) pages:69-73 ispartof: pages:69-73 status: published

ispartof: pages:73-80 ispartof: The 6th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage (VAST 2005) pages:73-80 ispartof: International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage location:Pisa 2005 status: published

ispartof: The Ancient Near East, A Life! Festschrift Karel Van Lerberghe pages:345-364 ispartof: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta vol:220 pages:345-364 status: published

ispartof: The ancient Near East, a life! Festschrift Karel Van Lerberghe pages:457-470 ispartof: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta vol:220 pages:457-470 status: published

ispartof: The Ancient Near East, A Life! Festschrift Karel Van Lerberghe pages:131-142 ispartof: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta vol:220 pages:131-142 status: published