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Introduction Patients with liver metastases from prostate cancer show poor prognosis. We performed metastases‐directed therapy using radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases in an attempt to improve the prognosis in a patient with metastatic prostate cancer. Case presentation We present the case of a 66‐year‐old man who was treated for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer. Evaluation showed isolated liver metastases together with elevated serum prostate‐specific antigen levels. We performed metastases‐directed therapy using radiofrequency ablation of the liver tumor. The patient showed no recurrent liver metastases for 42 months and survived for 66 months after diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report that describes radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from prostate cancer. This procedure may be a useful therapeutic option for metastases‐directed therapy in patients with liver metastases from prostate cancer.

Background and Aims: It remains unclear whether obesity increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) with antiviral therapy. Methods: In this multicenter cohort study, we enrolled patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVR with interferon (IFN)-based therapy (IFN group) or direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy (DAA group) between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2018. The patients underwent regular surveillance for HCC. Cumulative incidence of and the risk factors for HCC development after SVR were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, respectively. Results: Among 2,055 patients (840 in the IFN group and 1,215 in the DAA group), 75 developed HCC (41 in the IFN group and 34 in the DAA group) during the mean observation period of 4.1 years. The incidence rates of HCC at 1, 2, and 3 years were 1.2, 1.9, and 3.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that in addition to older age, lower albumin level, lower platelet count, higher alpha-fetoprotein level, and absence of dyslipidemia, obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and heavy alcohol consumption (≥60 g/day) were independent risk factors for HCC development, with adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51–4.25) and 2.56 (95% CI: 1.14–5.75), respectively. The adjusted HR was not significant between the 2 groups (DAA vs. IFN; HR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.61–2.33). Conclusions: Obesity and heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of HCC development after SVR.