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Landslide is a sudden slide of rock, debris and earth down the slope. Coonoor region is one of the worst affected places subjected to landslides due to the heavy rainfall. Soil moisture content, pore-water pressure, slope angles are some of the factors that paves the way for these landslide events. On prediction of soil moisture content and vibrational movements in the soil by incorporation of sensors can caution the traffic, which can ensure the life safety in prior. This research deals with the development of one such sensor based warning system that can predict the soil failure. Investigation was carried out on the soil samples collected from the area of study to assess the index and engineering properties of the soil. Nine different models of a hill profile was made by varying the wetting depth at 1/4th, half and 3/4th of the profile height to predict the landslide. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the models were done in PLAXIS 2D software. The critical surface for the slope was drawn graphically using Bishop Method of slices and the same was checked for its best fit using R2 linear regression analysis. The analysis results conveys that the increment in pore-water pressure leads to a larger deformation and a decrement in Factor of Safety (FOS) for different slope conditions considered. Experimental prototype is made and the sensor fixing position for achieving higher degree of accuracy are arrived based on the displacement contours from the simulated models. These sensors were found to be effective in the prediction of soil failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fibre reinforcement is commonly used to provide toughness and ductility to brittle concrete. Reinforcement of concrete with a single type of fibre will improve the desired properties to a limited level. Hence two or more types of fibres are rationally combined to derive benefits from each of the individual fibres, termed as hybrid concrete. In functionally graded concrete, the material composition is varied spatially in order to meet performance demands which differ within regions of a structural element. This study aims to characterize and quantify the mechanical properties of functionally graded reinforced concrete (FGRC). For this purpose, one conventional and five fibre reinforced mixes were prepared. Two different types of fibres were used, steel fibre (SF) and polypropylene fibre (PPF). In this study, a fixed volume of SF and PPF of 1 % by volume of concrete was added to the concrete in five different mix ratios. Two mono-fibre mixes, one hybrid fibre mix and two functionally graded hybrid mixes were analyzed for the flexural properties. The results showed that the compressive and flexural parameters were pronouncedly improved in the FGRC due to the hybrid fibre addition in the areas of necessity based on stress behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]