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Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of two different ventilation techniques, jet ventilation and apneic anesthesia with intermittent ventilation (AAIV), on patient hemodynamics and operative time during endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent airway dilation for laryngotracheal stenosis by a single surgeon at a single institution from October 1, 2000 through January 2, 2020. Logistic regression, Mann–Whitney U tests and chi square analysis were used to determine statistical significance. Results: A total of 157 patients, 43 (27.4%) male and 114 (72.6%) female, and 605 total encounters were included for analysis. There were no significant differences in hemodynamic outcomes when comparing the AAIV and jet ventilation groups. Specifically, there was no significant difference in either peak end‐tidal CO2 or nadir O2 saturation between the AAIV and jet ventilation groups (p = 0.4016) and (p = 0.1357), respectively. The patients in the AAIV group had a significantly higher median BMI 32.93 (27.40–39.40) compared with 28.80 (24.1–32.65) (p = 0.0001). Although not necessarily clinically significant, patients with higher BMI had lower median O2 nadirs (97.8%) than non‐obese patients (99.2%) (p < 0.0001). The median total procedure time was equivalent when comparing the two ventilation techniques. Conclusion: AAIV is a safe method of ventilation for patients undergoing endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery with no significant differences in patient hemodynamics or procedure time when compared with jet ventilation. AAIV was the preferred method of ventilation for obese patients undergoing endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery. Level of Evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:1343–1348, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vestibular disease and dizziness are important causes of morbidity. The purpose of this study is to assess the regional prevalence of these diagnoses. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study of all patients in the region of interest diagnosed with dizziness or vestibular disease between 2010 and 2020. During the study period, 31,670 patients were diagnosed with dizziness. The mean age was 62 years (SD = 17). There were 20,269 females and 11,401 males; 64% (OR 1.34, p <.0001) of patients were white and 92% (OR 5.16, p <.0001) of patients were non-Hispanic. The prevalence of dizziness was 2.91%. A total of 8480 patients were diagnosed with vestibular disease. The mean age was 62 years (SD = 16). There were 5766 females and 2714 males; 60% (OR 1.13 p <.0001) of patients were white and 88% (OR 3.29, p <.0001) of patients were non-Hispanic. The prevalence of vestibular disease was 0.78%. The most common causes of vestibular disease were benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n = 7040, 83%), vestibular schwannoma (n = 580, 7%), and Meniere's disease (n = 360, 4%). Dizziness and vestibular disease are disproportionately diagnosed in non-Hispanic white women. The regional prevalence of dizziness and vestibular disease was lower than other published values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Abdominal access during ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion has historically been obtained by neurosurgeons via an open abdominal approach. With recent advances in laparoscopy, neurosurgeons frequently consult general surgery for aid during the procedure. The goal of this study is to identify if laparoscopic assistance improves the overall outcomes of the procedure. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent open or laparoscopic VP shunt placement between September 2012 and August 2020 at our tertiary referral hospital. Patient demographics, comorbidities, prior history of abdominal surgery, open vs. laparoscopic insertion, operation time, and complications within 30 days were obtained. Results: Neurosurgery placed 107 shunts using an open abdominal technique and general surgery placed 78 using laparoscopy. The average OR time in minutes was 75.5 minutes for the open cohort and 61.8 for the laparoscopic cohort (p = 0.006). In patients without a history of abdominal surgery, the average OR time in minutes was 79.4 in the open cohort and 57.1 in the laparoscopic cohort (p = 0.015). The postoperative shunt infection rate was 10.2% in the open group and 3.8% in the laparoscopic group (p = 0.077). Discussion: Laparoscopic placement of VP shunts is a reasonable alternative to open placement and results in shorter OR times. There is also a trend toward few infections in the laparoscopic placement. There appears to be an advantage with a team approach and laparoscopic placement of the peritoneal portion of the shunt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crown ethers and their derivatives are versatile building blocks for the design of supramolecular materials. They can be functionalized at will and are well known for their abilities to complex with alkali cations. Here, we show that emissive lanthanide free hybrid materials can be generated by using such building blocks. The organic tribenzo[18]crown-6 central core was functionalized via six-fold Suzuki cross-coupling as a key reaction with three o-terphenyl units which could be converted into their corresponding triphenylenes by the Scholl reaction, leading to novel liquid-crystalline columnar materials. Selected tribenzo[18]crown-6 o-terphenyls could interact with emissive ternary metal cluster compound salts to generate hybrid materials combining the properties of both moieties. Due to synergistic effects and despite the anisometry of the cluster compounds, individual properties such as liquid-crystalline phase stability of the organic part and emission abilities of its inorganic counter-part are enhanced in the hybrid compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Replacing pure inorganic materials by functional organic–inorganic hybrid ones to lower production costs has become a major challenge, in particular for the optoelectronic industry. Adding nanostructuration abilities meanwhile preserving homogeneity is even more challenging for this class of new materials. Here we show that red‐NIR emissive ternary molybdenum cluster salts can be assembled to liquid crystalline 15C5 crown ethers. The resulting hybrids are homogeneous and stable up to high temperature despite the weakness of the supramolecular interactions binding both components. These are illustrated by 133Cs MAS NMR. All hybrids show hexagonal columnar arrangements and strong red‐NIR emission. Surprisingly, when chlorinated clusters are used instead of brominated ones, the mesophase stability is largely enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]