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Pharmaceutical residues are the undecomposed remains from drugs used in the medical and food industries. Due to their potential adverse effects on human health and natural ecosystems, they are of increasing worldwide concern. The acute detection of pharmaceutical residues can give a rapid examination of their quantity and then prevent them from further contamination. Herein, this study summarizes and discusses the most recent porous covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for the electrochemical detection of various pharmaceutical residues. The review first introduces a brief overview of drug toxicity and its effects on living organisms. Subsequently, different porous materials and drug detection techniques are discussed with materials’ properties and applications. Then the development of COFs and MOFs has been addressed with their structural properties and sensing applications. Further, the stability, reusability, and sustainability of MOFs/COFs are reviewed and discussed. Besides, COFs and MOFs’ detection limits, linear ranges, the role of functionalities, and immobilized nanoparticles are analyzed and discussed. Lastly, this review summarized and discussed the MOF@COF composite as sensors, the fabrication strategies to enhance detection potential, and the current challenges in this area.

New unsymmetrically Substituted Urea enclosed Silatranes (USUS) 2–5 are prepared in good yield by nucleophilic attack of pyrrolidine, piperidine, 3-methylpyridine-2-amine and N-methylbenzenamine containing active hydrogen atom on newly synthesized 3-isocyanatopropylsilatrane 1. All the compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, multinuclear (1H and 13C) NMR and mass spectrometry. The single crystal X-ray crystallography technique facilitates the establishment of exact structures of silatranes 2, 3 and 4. The fluorescence titration results have revealed a selective on–off fluorescence response of silatranes toward acetate anion.