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Live prey is characterized by balanced rich nutrients and high palatability and is widely used for the seedling cultivation of freshwater dark sleeper (Odontobutis potamophila) larvae. In this study, we evaluated the effects of four groups of paired feeding regimens (group C (Daphnia magna), group L (Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri), group H (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix fry), and group M (mixed groups C, L, and H)) on glycolipid and energy metabolism in O. potamophila larvae. We observed that fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) mRNA levels were significantly lower in group H when compared to mRNA levels in the other three groups (p < 0.05) and that carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT1-α) mRNA levels were significantly lower in group L when compared to group M (p < 0.05). Relative glucokinase (GK) expression levels were significantly lower in group M when compared to the other three groups (p < 0.05). Using proteomics, we analyzed and compared groups H and L and identified 457 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 151 were significantly up-regulated and 306 were significantly down-regulated. In the comparison of group M with groups C, L, and H, we found significant enrichment in glycolytic processes, the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, NAD binding, intermediate filaments, and nutrient reservoir activity. Our results provide a theoretical guidance for bait selection during larvae cultivation stages in carnivorous fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antlers have been widely studied due to their unique physiological characteristics, such as rapid growth, periodic shedding and regeneration. However, little is known about how antler growth is regulated by long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). The aim of the present study was to identify the lncRNAs expression profile and explore the function of lncRNAs during the antler growth. Herein, RNA-sequencing technology (RNA-seq) was performed on the three growth periods (early developmental period: EP, middle developmental period: MP, later developmental period: LP) of male sika deer (Cervus nippon) antler, 16 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and 11 DE lncRNAs were identified in EP vs MP and MP vs LP related to cell proliferation and cell differentiation, respectively. Finally, lncRNAs-mRNAs co-expression networks were constructed based on the identified DE lncRNAs and their potential trans-target genes. The result reveals that lncRNAs may play diverse roles in different periods of antler growth. It provides a novel perspective for revealing the molecular mechanism of antler growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalytic hydrogenation provides an effective alternative way for the synthesis of industrial chemicals to meet the economic and environment expectations. Especially, over the past few years, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), featured with tunable structure, porosity, and crystallinity, have been significantly developed as many high‐performance catalysts in the field of photocatalysis. In this review, the background and development of photocatalytic hydrogenation are systemically summarized. In particular, the comparison between photocatalysis and thermal catalysis, and the fundamental understanding of photohydrogenation, including reaction pathways, reducing species, regulation of selectivity, and critical parameters of light, are proposed. Moreover, this review highlights the advantages of MOFs‐based photocatalysts in the area of photohydrogenation. Typical effective strategies for modifying MOFs‐based composites to produce their advantages are concluded. The recent progress in the application of various types of MOFs‐based photocatalysts for photohydrogenation of unsaturated organic chemicals and carbon dioxide (CO2) is summarized and discussed in detail. Finally, a brief conclusion and personal perspective on current challenges and future developments of photocatalytic hydrogenation processes and MOFs‐based photocatalysts are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the frontier resistive micro‐nano gas sensors, the change rate reliability between the measured quantity and output signals has long been puzzled by the ineluctable device‐to‐device and run‐to‐run disparities. Here, a neotype sensing data interpretation method to circumvent these signal inconsistencies is reported. The method is based on discovery of a strong linear relation between the initial resistance in air (Ra) and the absolute change in resistance after exposure to target gas (Ra–Rg). Metal oxide gas sensors based on a micro‐hot‐plate are employed as the model system. The study finds that such correlation has a wide universality, even for devices incorporated with different sensing materials or under different gas atmosphere. Furthermore, this rule can also be extensible to graphene‐based interdigital microelectrode. In situ probe scanning analyses illuminate that the linear dependence is closely related to work function matching level between metal electrode and sensitive layer. The Schottky barrier at metal‐semiconductor junctions is the prominent parameter, whose height (ϕB) can fundamentally impact material/electrode contact resistance, thereby further affecting the realistic nature expression of sensing materials. Using this correlation, a calibration procedure is proposed and embed in a fully integrated pocket‐size sensor prototype, whose response outcomes demonstrated high credibility as compared to commercial apparatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hollow nanospheres of Co/N−C composite have been synthesized using silica spheres with solid core and mesoporous shell (SCMS) as hard template and cobalt protoporphyrin as the precursor of C, N and Co by carbonization and etching. With the doping of only 0.68% Co into the hollow composite, activity and selectivity of ORR have been greatly facilitated. Moreover, hollow Co/N−C composite displays good electrochemical durability and tolerance to methanol crossover effect. The excellent catalytic performance of hollow Co/N−C nanospheres towards ORR can be ascribed to their unique hollow structure with mesopores, homogeneously distribution of Co nanoparticles, and suitable doping of N into carbon. Developing an efficient, easy‐to‐fabricate and applicable non‐precious metal catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is extremely necessary for fuel cells. In this work, we developed Co‐N−C hollow sphere from solid core mesoporous shell (SCMS) silica spheres as hard template by porphyrin carbonization, to be used as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst. Co‐N−C hollow sphere displays better electrochemical durability and tolerance to methanol crossover effect in an alkaline medium than the 20 wt% Pt/C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Doping carbon materials with Fe and N attracts great attention due to its promising application in preparing ORR electrode with high performance and low cost. Previously, Fe, N-codoped catalyst (Fe/N/C) had been synthesized via a simple one-pot method using carbon materials, dopamine and FeCl 3 by our group. However, the unstable activity and low selectivity (electron transfer number of ∼3.5) are key problems that should be solved. Herein, trace sulfur has been introduced into Fe, N-codoped carbon black by using 2-mercaptoethanol as an adhesive sulfur precursor. By the doping of trace S atoms (∼0.25 at%) into Fe, N-codoped carbon frameworks, the ORR performance has been obviously improved simply without any re-treatment process, such as acid-etching or nitrogen supplement. The mechanism of this process has been systematically investigated by changing the amount of initial sulfur precursor. A moderate amount of trace sulfur can effectively enhance the ORR performance of Fe, N-codoped carbon black due to suitable interactions among Fe, N, S and C elements. Both the content and the state of Fe and N species on the surface of carbon black can be changed and controlled by trace sulfur. The as-synthesized 1.0 S Fe/N/C catalyst exhibits a good ORR activity (E 1/2 = 0.749 V, J k = 54.56 mA cm−2) and a total 4-electron selectivity. 1.0 S Fe/N/C also shows better catalytic stability and methanol tolerance than 20 wt% Pt/C. Highlights • ORR activity and selectivity of FeN-codoped carbon are enhanced by trace S. • The role of sulfur in affecting ORR activity is systematically investigated. • The content and atomic states of doped N and Fe are controlled by trace S. • Better long-term stability and tolerance to methanol crossover are shown on 1.0 S Fe/N/C than that on Pt/C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction is presented to the article "Schottky Contacts Regularized Linear Regression for Signal Inconsistency Circumvent in Resistive Gas Micro-Nanosensors" published in 2021 issue.

Edwardsiella tarda is reported as the causative agent of the systemic disease Edwardsiellosis in fish, which lead to huge economic losses in aquaculture. The pathogenicity and immune response to a highly virulent E. tarda isolate responsible for mass mortality in hybrid snakehead were performed. After species identification, morphology and virulence gene detection of Edwardsiella isolated from hybrid snakehead, the pathogenicity of the strain and histopathological changes in infected fish were analyzed. The infected fish exhibited typical acute hemorrhagic symptoms and enlarged internal organs. Histopathology revealed that the liver, spleen, kidney and intestinal tissues of diseased fish exhibited marked inflammatory with vacuolar degeneration and cell necrosis. Subsequently, humoral immune factors such as superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and acid phosphatase activities were detected as serum indicators, and real-time quantitative PCR was used to investigate immune-related genes (STAT1 , HSP70 , IgM , IL-6 , IL-8 , TRAF2 , CD40 , HLA-DMA and LCK) expression patterns in liver, spleen and head kidney. The results showed that these enzyme activity indicators and immune-related gene expression were significantly activated compared with healthy fish. These data provide insight into the pathogenic mechanisms and host immune responses of E. tarda , which could be useful for the future prevention and treatment of Edwardsiellosis in fish. • The Edwardsiella tarda strain HZL1 was isolated and identified from diseased hybrid snakehead. • Histopathological analysis of hybrid snakehead infected with E. tarda showed vacuolar degeneration and inflammatory. • The activities of SOD, LZM and ACP in serum were significantly increased in hybrid snakehead infected with E. tarda. • E. tarda infection triggers a broad defense response of various immune-related genes in hybrid snakehead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emulsion templating has emerged as an effective approach to prepare polymer-based foams. This study reports a thermosetting nanocomposite foam prepared by nanocellulose stabilized Pickering emulsion templating. The Pickering emulsion used as templates for the polymeric foams production was obtained by mechanically mixing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) water suspensions with the selected oil mixtures comprised of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), and benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The effects of the oil to water weight ratio (1:1 to 1:3) and the concentration of CNCs (1.0–3.0 wt %) on the stability of the emulsion were studied. Emulsions were characterized according to the emulsion stability index, droplet size, and droplet distribution. The emulsion prepared under the condition of oil to water ratio 1:1 and concentration of CNCs at 2.0 wt % showed good stability during the two-week storage period. Nanocomposite foams were formed by heating the Pickering emulsion at 90 °C for 60 min. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the foam has a microporous structure with a non-uniform cell size that varied from 0.3 to 380 μm. The CNCs stabilized Pickering emulsion provides a versatile approach to prepare innovative functional bio-based materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of nanofibrillated cellulose (NC) films in packaging industry has been hindered by its lack of heat-sealing ability. Incorporation of NC films with the biaxially oriented polypropylene/low density polyethylene (BOPP/LDPE) laminates can take advantage of each material and endow the films with novel functions for food packaging applications. In this study, a coating that consists of NC and nisin was applied onto a cold plasma treated BOPP/LDPE film to fabricate a novel active packaging with an improved oxygen barrier performance and an added antimicrobial effect. The results showed that cold plasma treatment improved the surface hydrophilicity of BOPP/LDPE films for better attachment of the coatings. NC coatings significantly enhanced oxygen barrier property of the BOPP/LDPE film, with an oxygen transmission rate as low as 24.02 cc/m2·day as compared to that of the non-coated one (67.03 cc/m2·day). The addition of nisin in the coating at a concentration of 5 mg/g caused no significant change in barrier properties but imparted the film excellent antimicrobial properties, with a growth inhibition of L. monocytogenes by 94%. All films exhibit satisfying mechanical properties and transparency, and this new film has the potential to be used as antimicrobial and oxygen barrier packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to explore the efficacy of rechallenge after first-line immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and to analyze the factors affecting prognosis based on clinical characteristics. Eighty-five AGC patients who underwent rechallenged after the failure of first-line treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were retrospectively collected from July 2019 to December 2022 in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital. Potential factors affecting prognosis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test. Stratified factors included human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 combined positive score (PD-L1 CPS). The objective response rate (ORR) was 15.3%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 74.1%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.8 months. Results showed that patients in the I + C group had the best response. The ORR was 20.0% VS 8.7% in the I + C group and I + C + AAD group. The DCR was 78.0% VS 65.2%, and the median PFS was 6.7 VS 4.7 months [hazard ratio (HR): 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30-1.00, p  = .022]. The ORR was 20.0% VS 8.3% in the I + C group and I + C + ADC group. The DCR was 78.0% VS 75.0%, and the median PFS was 6.7 VS 4.4 months (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.26-1.30, p  = .112). The median PFS was 4.7 VS 4.4 months in the I + C + AAD group and I + C + ADC group (HR: 1.21, 95%CI: 0.60-2.47, p  = .580). Adverse events (AEs) were found in 34 patients, mainly including leukopenia 9 (10.6%), and neutropenia 8 (9.4%). The incidence of grade 3-4 AEs was 8.2%. There were no drug-related deaths and all AEs were manageable. Rechallenge after first-line immunotherapy showed good survival benefit and acceptable safety in the therapy of AGC. Especially for patients with HER-2-positive and PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1%, rechallenge may be an effective treatment modality.

Coordination of filament assembly and membrane remodeling is required for the directional migration of cancer cells. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) recruits the actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3 complex to assemble branched actin networks. The goal of our study was to assess the potential regulatory role exerted by the novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00869 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We used HCC cells to overexpress or knockdown LINC00869, analyzed patient data from publicly available databases and Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Zhengzhou University, and used a xenograft mouse model of HCC to study the molecular mechanism associated with LINC00869 expression. We found that high levels of LINC00869 expression were associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Next, we detected an interaction between LINC00869 and both WASP and ARP2 in HCC cells, and observed a modulatory effect of LINC00869 on the phosphorylation of WASP at Y291 and the activity of cell division control protein 42 (CDC42). These modulatory roles were required for WASP/CDC42 activity on F-actin polymerization to enhance membrane protrusion formation and maintain persistent cell polarization. This, in turn, promoted the migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells. Finally, we confirmed the role of LINC00869in vivo, using the tumor xenograft mouse model; and identified a positive correlation between LINC00869 expression levels and the phosphorylation levels of WASP in HCC samples. Overall, our findings suggest a unique mechanism by which LINC00869 orchestrates membrane protrusion during migration and invasion of HCC cells., Implications: LncRNA LINC00869 regulates the activity of CDC42-WASP pathway and positively affects protrusion formation in HCC cells, which expands the current understanding of lncRNA functions as well as gives a better understanding of carcinogenesis., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)

This study re-evaluated the role of anoxic and anaerobic zones during the enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal process by investigating the potential effect of introducing an anoxic zone into a high-rate microaerobic activated sludge (MAS) system (1.60-1.70 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) m -3 d -1 ), i.e., a high-rate anoxic/microaerobic (A/M) system for sewage treatment. In the absence of a pre-anaerobic zone, introducing an anoxic zone considerably reduced effluent NOx--N concentrations (7.2 vs. 1.5 mg L -1 ) and remarkably enhanced total nitrogen (75% vs. 89%) and total P (18% vs. 60%) removal and sludge P content (1.48% vs. 1.77% (dry weight)) due to further anoxic denitrifying P removal denitrification in the anoxic zone (besides simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the microaerobic zone). High-throughput pyrosequencing demonstrated the niche differentiation of different polyphosphate accumulating organism (PAO) clades (including denitrifying PAO [DPAO] and non-DPAO) in both systems. Introducing an anoxic zone considerably reduced the total PAO abundance in sludge samples by 42% and modified the PAO community structure, including 17-19 detected genera. The change was solely confined to non-DPAOs, as no significant change in total abundance or community structure of DPAOs including seven detected genera was observed. Additionally, introducing an anoxic zone increased the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria by 39%. The high-rate A/M process provided less aeration, higher treatment capacity, a lower COD requirement, and a 75% decrease in the production of waste sludge than the conventional biological nutrient removal process., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023.)