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4. Extreme Ultraviolet Observations from Voyager 1 Encounter with Jupiter

Author

Broadfoot, A. L., Belton, M. J. S., Takacs, P. Z., Sandel, B. R., Shemansky, D. E., Holberg, J. B., Ajello, J. M., Atreya, S. K., Donahue, T. M., Moos, H. W., Bertaux, J. L., Blamont, J. E., Strobel, D. F., McConnell, J. C., Dalgarno, A., Goody, R., and McElroy, M. B.

Published
1979

5. Extreme Ultraviolet Observations from Voyager 2 Encounter with Jupiter

Author

Sandel, B. R., Shemansky, D. E., Broadfoot, A. L., Bertaux, J. L., Blamont, J. E., Belton, M. J. S., Ajello, J. M., Holberg, J. B., Atreya, S. K., Donahue, T. M., Moos, H. W., Strobel, D. F., McConnell, J. C., Dalgarno, A., Goody, R., McElroy, M. B., and Takacs, P. Z.

Published
1979

19. Abstracts of the XVIII European Conference on Muscle and Motility: De Blije Werelt, Lunteren, The Netherlands September 12–16, 1989

Author

Nesterov, V. P., Peiper, U., Hiller, J., Krienke, B., Schüttler, K., Szymanski, C., Bottinelli, R., Cappelli, V., Minelli, R., Reggiani, C., Schiaffino, S., Carlhoff, D., D'Haese, J., Dabrowska, R., Nowak, E., Borovikov, Y. S., Cummins, P., Russell, G., McLoughlin, D., Cummins, B., Bonet, A., Harricane, M. C., Audemard, E., Mornet, D., Ropert, S., Cavaillé, F., Redwood, C. S., Bryan, J., Cross, R. A., Kendrick-Jones, J., Marston, S. B., Taggart, M., Marston, S., Makuch, R., Stokarska, G., Dabrowska, R., Cecchi, G., Colomo, F., Poggesi, C., Tesi, C., Puceat, M., Clement, O., Lechene, P., Pelosin, J. -M., Ventura-Clapter, R., Vassort, G., Fischer, W., Pfitzer, G., Ankrett, R. J., Rowe, A. J., Bagshaw, C. R., Perry, S. V., Hebisch, S., Levine, B., Moir, A. J. G., Leszyk, J., Derancourt, J., Patcheil, V., Cavadore, C., Collins, J. H., Swiderek, K., Jaquet, K., Mittmann, K., Meyer, H. E., Heilmeyer, Jr, L. M. J., Travers, F., Barman, T., Duvert, M., Grandier-Vazeille, X., Verna, A., Dan-Goor, M., Mühlrad, A., Muhlrad, A., Polzar, B., Kießling, P., Mannherz, H. G., Lehmann-Klose, S., Gröschel-Stewart, U., Bettache, N., Bertrand, R., Kassab, R., Roulet, A., Cardinaud, R., Harford, J. J., Squire, J. M., Maeda, Y., Chew, M. W. K., Huber, Pia, Schaub, Marcus C., Pierobon-Bormioli, S., Betto, R., Ceoldo, S., Salviati, G., Martinez, I., Ofstad, R., Olsen, R. L., Trinick, J., Barlow, D., Gautel, M., Gibson, T., Labeit, S., Leonard, K., Wardale, J., Whiting, A., Draeger, A., Barth, M., Herzog, M., Gimona, M., Small, J. V., Stelzer, E., Amos, B., Ikebe, M., Bernengo, J. C., Rinne, Bettina, Wray, John S., Poole, K. J. V., Goody, R. S., Thomas, Daniel, Rowe, Arthur, Schröder, R. R., Hofmann, W., Müller, U. C., Menetret, J. -F., Wray, J. S., Lakey, A., Tichelaar, W., Ferguson, C., Bullard, B., Kabsch, W., Pai, E. F., Suck, D., Holmes, K. C., Jarosch, Robert, van Mastrigt, R., Pollack, Gerald H., Horowitz, Arie, Anderl, R., Kuhn, H. J., Burton, K., Jung, D. W. G., Blangé, T., Treijtel, B. W., Bagni, M. A., Garzella, P., Huxley, A. F., Beckers-Bleukx, G., Maréchal, G., Bershitsky, S. Y., Tsaturyan, A. K., Woodward, S. K. A., Eccleston, J. F., Geeves, M. A., Knight, Peter, Fortune, Neil, Geeves, Mike, Arner, A., Arheden, H., Lombardi, V., Piazzesi, G., Stienen, G. J. M., Elzinga, G., de Beer, E. L., van Buuren, K. J. H., ten Kate, Y. J., Grundeman, R. L. F., Schiereck, P., Trombitas, K., Versteeg, P. G. A., Rowe, Arthur J., Bolger, Paul, van der Laarse, W. J., Diegenbach, P. C., Flitney, F. W., Jones, D. A., Hatfaludy, S., Shansky, J., Smiley, B., Vandenburgh, H. H., de Haan, A., Lodder, M. A. N., Berquin, A., Lebacq, J., Curtin, N. A., Woledge, R. C., Hellstrand, P., Lönnbro, P., Wadsö, I., Lammertse, T. S., Zaremba, R., Daut, J., Woledge, R. C., Kushmerick, M. J., McFarland, E., Lyons, G. E., Sassoon, D., Ontell, M., and Buckingham, M. E.

Published
1990
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20. Radiance Covariance and Climate Models

Author

Haskins, R, Goody, R, and Chen, L

Abstract

Spectral Empirical Orhtogonal Functions (EOFs) derived from the covariance of satellite radiance spectra may be interpreted in terms of the vertical distribution of the covariance of temperature, water vapor, and clouds. The purpose of the investigation is to demonstrate the important constraints that resolved spectral radiances can place upon climate models.

Published
1998

23. The General Circulation of the Venus Atmosphere: An Assessment

Author

Gierasch, P. J, Goody, R. M, Young, R. E, Crisp, D, Edwards, C, Kahn, R, McCleese, D, Rider, D, DelGenio, A, and Greeley, R

Subjects
Solar Physics
Abstract

The overall spin or "superrotation" of the Venus atmosphere is a striking phenomenon. In the 15 years since the NASA Pioneer Venus mission, a first-order understanding has been reached of the dynamics of the atmospheric region near and just above the Venus cloud tops. Tidal motions induced by solar heating produce a traveling disturbance whose vertical momentum transports are balanced by mean flow advection. The balance explains the strength of the mean flow above the clouds, and partially explains the strength of the mean flow at the cloud level where the strongest superrotation of the atmosphere occurs. But the fundamental cause of the global superrotation remains a mystery in spite of data from Earth-based observatories, from Pioneer Venus, from several Russian probes, from a Russian/French balloon experiment, and from the NASA Galileo flyby. The key missing knowledge is of momentum transfer processing the deep atmosphere, between the surface and the cloud deck. Neither the forcing nor the drag and dissipation mechanisms are known. The existing data are reviewed here and theoretical suggestions are listed. It is concluded that further measurements, in conjunction with numerical modeling, will be required to resolve this puzzling and challenging question. New data must improve by an order of magnitude on the accuracies achieved by the Pioneer Venus probes. Velocities in the deep atmosphere must be measured to better than 0.1 m/s and relative temperatures to beter than 0.1 K near the surface.

Published
1997

39. Unintended cardiac irradiation during left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy

Author

Goody, R B, O'Hare, J, McKenna, K, Dearey, L, Robinson, J, Bell, P, Clarke, J, McAleer, Seamus, McAleer, J J A, O'Sullivan, J M, and Hanna, G G

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Breast Neoplasms, Breast cancer radiotherapy, Radiation Dosage, Left sided, Breast Neoplasms, Male, Breast cancer, Portal imaging, Radiation Protection, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Breast Cancer, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiation Injuries, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Medicine(all), Aged, 80 and over, Cardiac Toxicity, Lung, Radiotherapy, Full Paper, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Retrospective cohort study, Heart, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Female, Radiology, business
Abstract

Objective: Cardiac irradiation during left-sided breast radiotherapy may lead to deleterious cardiac side effects. Using image guided radiotherapy, it is possibleto exclude the heart from treatment fields and monitor reproducibility of virtual simulation (VS) fields at treatment delivery using electronic portal imaging (EPI). Retrospectively, we evaluate the incidence of cardiac irradiation at VS and subsequent unintended cardiac irradiation during treatment.Methods: Patients receiving left-sided radiotherapy to the breast or chest wall, treated with a glancing photon field technique during a four-month period, wereincluded. VS images and EPIs during radiotherapy delivery were visually assessed.The presence of any portion of the heart within the treatment field at VS or during treatment was recorded. Central lung distance and maximum heart distance were recorded.Results: Of 128 patients, 45 (35.1%) had any portion of the heart within theplanned treatment field. Of these, inclusion of the heart was clinically unavoidable in 25 (55.6%). Of those with no heart included in the treatment fields at VS, 41 (49.4%) had presence of the heart as assessed on EPI during treatment.Conclusion: Unintended cardiac irradiation during left-sided breast radiotherapy treatment occurs in a sizeable proportion of patients.Advances in knowledge: Despite the use of three-dimensional computed tomography simulation and cardiac shielding, sizeable proportions of patients receiving left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy have unintended cardiac irradiation.

Published
2013
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44. Mol. Biol. Cell

Author

Rak, A., Fedorov, R., Scheidig, A., Goody, R., and Alexandrov, K.

Published
2001

45. Potentiating AZT activation: structures of wild-type and mutant human thymidylate kinase suggest reasons for the mutants' improved kinetics with the HIV prodrug metabolite AZTMP

Author

Ostermann, N., Lavie, A., Padiyar, S., Brundiers, R., Veit, T., Reinstein, J., Goody, R., Konrad, M., and Schlichting, I.

Abstract

The 60-fold reduced phosphorylation rate of azidothymidine (AZT) monophosphate (AZTMP), the partially activated AZT metabolite, by human thymidylate kinase (TMPK) severely limits the efficacy of this anti-HIV prodrug. Crystal structures of different TMPK nucleotide complexes indicate that steric hindrance by the azido group of AZTMP prevents formation of the catalytically active closed conformation of the P-loop of TMPK. The F105Y mutant and a chimeric mutant that contains sequences of the human and Escherichia coli enzyme phosphorylate AZTMP 20-fold faster than the wild-type enzyme. The structural basis of the increased activity is assigned to stabilization of the closed P-loop conformation.

Published
2000

48. Synthesis of 21,31,51-trideoxyuridine-51-methylphosphonic acid and its diphosphate derivative. Study of the interaction with HIV-1reverse transcriptase

Author

Benzaria, S., Maury, G., Gosselin, G., Rittinger, K., Divita, G., Goody, R., and lmbach, J.

Abstract

2′,3′,5′-Trideoxyuridine-5′-methylphosphonate, [8], was synthesized from ddU. The 5′,6′ carbon-carbon bond was formed by condensing the 5′-aldehyde of ddU and a Wittig reagent. The binding interaction of the diphosphate derivative [10] of the phosphonate [8] with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was studied using methods based primarily on fluorescence spectroscopy. From the quenching of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of RT during its titration against [10], a dissociation constant of 24 μm was calculated at 25°C. In the presence of a DNA/DNA template/primer of defined sequence and RT, [10] and a fluorescent derivative of ddTTP competed for binding to RT without incorporation of ddU-5′-methylphosphonate. In the presence of a 0.5 mm concentration of [10], the RT activity measured with Poly(rA)/(dT)15 and [3H] dTTP was lowered to 65%. All our observations are consistent with suppression of the catalysis of bond formation between the OH at the primer 3′-end and α-P of [10] after formation of the complex between RT, template/primer and [10].

Published
1994

49. 4'-Thio-oligo-beta-D-ribonucleotides: synthesis of beta-4'-thio-oligouridylates, nuclease resistance, base pairing properties, and interaction with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

Author

Bellon, L., Barascut, J., Maury, G., Divita, G., Goody, R., and Imbach, J.

Abstract

We present the synthesis and the study of properties of a new series of modified oligonucleotides, namely 4'-thio-oligo-beta-D-ribonucleotides (4'-S-RNA). Homo-oligonucleotides of this class (4'-SU6 and 4'-SU12) were prepared from the previously known thionucleosides using the phosphoramidite methodology. The comparison of the substrate properties of 4'-SU6 and its natural analog U6 with respect to four nucleases indicates that the former is much more resistant than the latter. Such resistance to nucleases in addition to relatively high Tm values for 4'-SU12 hybridized with Poly(A) show that these new 4'-S-RNA are good candidates for potential antisense effects. The oligonucleotides 4'-SU6 and 4'-SU12 have been also evaluated as non sequence specific inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. All available evidences, based primarily on fluorescence measurements, are consistent with the binding of 4'-SU6 and 4'-SU12 to RT at a site which is different from the polymerase site of the enzyme.

Published
1993

50. Orbital elements of Charon from speckle interferometry

Author

Beletic, J. W, Goody, R. M, and Tholen, D. J

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

The semimajor axis and the inclination are the two most important quantities presently determined from 56 well-calibrated speckle-interferometric observations of the position of Charon, which are presented in conjunction with an orbit solution that incorporates them. Both values in the best solution obtained are noted to significantly differ from earlier determinations. The new value for the semimajor axis represents a 2.7 percent increase over the previously accepted value; the mean density of the system, however, remains unaltered.

Published
1989
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