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A 53-year-old woman with no significant past medical history came to her local ED after a witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure. CT scan imaging of the head revealed a left frontal lobe hypodensity concerning for a mass with surrounding edema. In the previous month, she had undergone ambulatory evaluation for a subacute cough that had more recently become productive of bloody sputum. Outpatient chest radiography had demonstrated a new right lung opacity, shown on subsequent CT scan imaging to be a right upper lobe (RUL) consolidation. She was prescribed a course of doxycycline, after which sputum expectoration improved but a nonproductive cough remained. Repeat thoracic imaging was pending at the time the seizure occurred. The patient had no history of chronic lung disease or recurrent infections. There were no constitutional symptoms. She did not take any home medications on a regular basis. She was a lifetime nontobacco user. She denied use of alcohol and illicit drugs. She had previously worked in a medical office but was now spending most of her time helping her husband take care of their house and property in Kingston, New York, a town of about 23,000 people in the Hudson River Valley. She was born in the United States and had not traveled recently. She had no pets. There was no history of recent dental procedures. She was transferred to our institution for neurosurgical evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early in the 2022 Mpox (MPX) global outbreak, caseloads in the New York Metropolitan area climbed rapidly before other US urban areas. This case series summarizes the authors' clinical experience detecting and treating MPX, during a quickly evolving outbreak. Clinical outcomes were recorded with a focus on varied clinical presentation and outcomes such as complications and response to experimental tecovirimat therapy. A focal or multifocal rash was the most common presenting symptom in 91% of patients. Almost two‐thirds (62%) of patients had anogenital involvement. Proctitis was one of the most painful presentations with 75% requiring antiviral treatment and three patients needing hospitalization for pain management. Most patients responded promptly to antiviral treatment with tecovirimat. Five out of 10 patients treated with tecovirimat reported symptom resolution within 48–72 h of therapy and another three saw resolution within first 96 h. Two patients had poor response to tecovirimat. This series includes the only reported case of an HIV positive, immunocompetent patient who experienced recurrent anal ulcers due to Mpox and required a second course of tecovirimat. Other unique presentations included urethritis, abscess formation and MPX infection postvaccination. Control of this current Mpox outbreak was possible due to timely diagnosis and the availability of both a licensed vaccine and an investigational drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Kara Mitchell reports the following relationships with the Association of Public Health Laboratories: consultant for a public health–related doctorate program to develop molecular course content, funded travel to national meetings, and a leadership or fiduciary role with the Laboratory Systems and Standards Committee. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.