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Limited research has examined a comprehensive set of predictors when evaluating discharge placement decisions for infants exposed to substances prenatally. Using a previously validated medical record data extraction tool, the current study examined prenatal substance exposure, infant intervention (i.e., pharmacologic, or non-pharmacologic), and demographic factors (e.g., race and ethnicity and rurality) as predictors of associations with discharge placement in a sample from a resource-poor state (N = 136; 69.9% Non-Hispanic White). Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine whether different classes emerged and how classes were differentially related to discharge placement decisions. Logistic regressions were used to determine whether each predictor was uniquely associated with placement decisions. Results of the LCA yielded a two-class solution comprised of (1) a Low Withdrawal Risk class, characterized by prenatal exposure to substances with low risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and non-pharmacologic intervention, and (2) a High Withdrawal Risk class, characterized by a high risk of NAS and pharmacologic intervention. Classes were not related to discharge placement decisions. Logistic regressions demonstrated that meth/amphetamine use during pregnancy was associated with greater odds of out of home placement above other substance types. Future research should replicate and continue examining the clinical utility of these classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research indicates strong connections between child ADHD, child ODD/CD, and sleep. Children experiencing these concerns also have caregivers who report feeling more stress. However, no studies have examined how child ADHD and ODD/CD interact together and with insufficient sleep to potentially exacerbate caregiver stress. Data were acquired from the 2018/2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative survey of parents or caregivers conducted across the United States (U.S.). The current study used data for children 6-17 years old with a final analytic sample size of 41,541, representing a total of 47,357,862 U.S. youth. Overall child ADHD and ODD/CD were each uniquely associated with increased caregiver stress, while adequate child sleep duration was related to decreased caregiver stress. However, these findings were qualified by a significant two-way interaction that revealed that caregiver stress among children with comorbid ADHD and ODD/CD was not significantly greater than that of children with ODD/CD alone. Significant interactions between sleep and ODD/CD on caregiver stress were generally not observed, except potentially in females with ADHD. Our findings underscore the importance of considering strategies to reduce both youth symptoms and caregiver stress simultaneously. Additionally, ensuring adequate sleep for all children is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are related to a host of deleterious physical and mental health outcomes. The ACE-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was developed to assess categories of ACEs (e.g., sexual, emotional, and physical abuse) in internationally representative samples. Though the ACE-IQ has been used world-wide, little work has examined the structure of this measure. Further, much of the modeling techniques implemented lacked theoretical rationale. The present work used two principal components analyses (PCA) to evaluate the ACE-IQ structure using both the identified ACE categories as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and using the ACE-IQ items as individual indicators. Using theWHOmethod, a twocomponent structure was indicated. Alternatively, a PCA of the individual items yielded a six-component structure. Results highlight the importance of theoretically grounded measure evaluation and the potential distinctions amongst types of ACEs. Implications and future directions for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socioeconomic status (SES) and risk perceptions are indicative of cannabis use and subjective social status (SSS) may have utility in predicting cannabis use. This work examined relations between these indicators of cannabis use and use in a Hispanic/Latinx sample. Results found negative relations between risk perceptions and cannabis use. SES was unrelated to cannabis outcomes and risk perceptions but SSS had a negative relation with lifetime use. SSS positively related to risk assimilation in the full sample. Findings demonstrate how risk perceptions relate to cannabis use and suggest SES and SSS may not be indicative of use among Hispanic/Latinx populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been rising among adolescents and adults in the United States, including among Asian Americans. However, despite being one of the largest racial/ethnic minority groups, the specific trends and patterns of e-cigarette use among Asian Americans are understudied and unclear. This review aimed to summarize relevant information in the last two decades. This systematic review followed the a priori guide outlined by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Articles were gathered from PsycINFO, PubMed, Sage Journals Online, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. Forty articles were reviewed and analyzed. Most articles reviewed only reported on the prevalence rate of e-cigarettes among Asian Americans and indicated regional differences. Results noted between- and within-group differences among racial/ethnic groups that warrant further examination. There is a dearth of information regarding health outcomes and correlates or predictors of e-cigarette use among Asian Americans. Despite its popularity and prevalence among Asian Americans, the use of e-cigarettes and related factors or outcomes deserves more nuanced studies and analyses. It is important to delineate subgroup differences by adjusting study designs and data analytic methods to glean meaningful information regarding Asian American's e-cigarette use in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although inconsistent, impulsivity has been identified as a risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and these inconsistent findings can largely be attributed to varying operationalizations of impulsivity. As such, the UPPS model of impulsivity provides a clear definition of impulsivity and its associated features that may provide utility in clarifying unreliable findings between impulsivity and suicide. This review aimed to summarize relevant information pertaining to the UPPS model of impulsivity and suicide. This systematic review followed the a priori guide outlined by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Articles were gathered from PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Scopus, and PubMed. Twenty-eight articles were reviewed and analyzed. Most articles reviewed reported on indirect (i.e., through mediators and moderators) associations between the UPPS dimensions and suicidal behaviors. Additionally, results noted limited between-group differences in UPPS facets among individuals with a history of suicide attempts and those without a history of suicide attempts, those with a history of suicide attempts and individuals with suicide ideation, and those with suicide ideation and those without suicide ideation, with the exception of lack of premeditation. The results of this review indicate support for the UPPS model of impulsivity as a theoretical starting point when examining the relation between impulsivity and suicide. Further, findings are helpful for clinicians and case conceptualization. Particularly, suicide risk assessment and treatment would be impacted based on impulsivity traits and suicide history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Substance use motives refer to an individual's reasons for engaging in substance use. Although the respective alcohol and cannabis literatures have linked specific substance-use motives to indices of use, less is known about motives in concurrent users, particularly examination of cross-motives (e.g., cannabis motives predicting alcohol use). Methods: The present work examined motives for use in a sample of concurrent users to assess relations between motives and alcohol and cannabis outcomes (quantity, frequency, and use disorder symptoms) using both variable- and person-centered approaches. Finally, the present work aimed to discern the impact of timeframe selection for defining concurrent use (i.e., past year, past two weeks). Participants (N = 524) consisted of individuals that endorsed having used both alcohol and cannabis in the past year with subsample (N = 192) of individuals endorsing past two-week concurrent use. Results: Univariate linear regression analyses revealed small to medium positive relations between all alcohol motives and alcohol outcomes and small to medium positive relations between cannabis social, coping, enhancement, and expansion motives and cannabis use. Regressions examining cross-motives and multivariate models revealed wide variability in relations. Mixture analyses revealed a three-class solution (i.e., High Motives, Positive Alcohol, and Low Conformity) for past year concurrent users and a two-class solution (i.e., Low Motives and High Motives) for past two-week concurrent users. Discussion: Examination of motive classes revealed differences in substance, particularly cannabis, outcomes as a function of class membership. Findings are useful in classifying concurrent users' motives and highlight the importance of timeframe selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades of psychological research, there has been an important increase in both the application of multidisciplinary or collaborative science and in training and research that emphasizes social justice and cultural humility. In the current article, we report on the use of the "Paper Chase" as a team science training and research experience that also facilitates cultural humility in research and when working in teams. The Paper Chase is a synchronous writing exercise originally conceptualized by a cohort of health service psychology interns to reduce lag time between article writing and submission (Schaumberg et al., 2015). The Paper Chase involves a group of trainees coming together for a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 9 or more hours) with the aim of writing and submitting a full article for publication. In the current article, we extend a previous report on the Paper Chase by formally linking the training experience to the four phases of team science: development, conceptualization, implementation, and translation. We also discuss ways in which the Paper Chase as a training experience can promote cultural humility. Finally, we provide updated recommendations for successfully completing a Paper Chase project. Overall, the authors of this article who were predoctoral psychology interns across two recent cohorts at one academic medical center reported positive experiences from the Paper Chase. In addition, the present study suggests that the Paper Chase can be used as one activity that facilitates critical training in team science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socioeconomic status (SES) and risk perceptions are indicative of cannabis use and subjective social status (SSS) may have utility in predicting cannabis use. This work examined relations between these indicators of cannabis use and use in a Hispanic/Latinx sample. Results found negative relations between risk perceptions and cannabis use. SES was unrelated to cannabis outcomes and risk perceptions but SSS had a negative relation with lifetime use. SSS positively related to risk assimilation in the full sample. Findings demonstrate how risk perceptions relate to cannabis use and suggest SES and SSS may not be indicative of use among Hispanic/Latinx populations.

The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been rising among adolescents and adults in the United States, including among Asian Americans. However, despite being one of the largest racial/ethnic minority groups, the specific trends and patterns of e-cigarette use among Asian Americans are understudied and unclear. This review aimed to summarize relevant information in the last two decades. This systematic review followed the a priori guide outlined by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Articles were gathered from PsycINFO, PubMed, Sage Journals Online, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. Forty articles were reviewed and analyzed. Most articles reviewed only reported on the prevalence rate of e-cigarettes among Asian Americans and indicated regional differences. Results noted between- and within-group differences among racial/ethnic groups that warrant further examination. There is a dearth of information regarding health outcomes and correlates or predictors of e-cigarette use among Asian Americans. Despite its popularity and prevalence among Asian Americans, the use of e-cigarettes and related factors or outcomes deserves more nuanced studies and analyses. It is important to delineate subgroup differences by adjusting study designs and data analytic methods to glean meaningful information regarding Asian American's e-cigarette use in the future.