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1. A patatin-like phospholipase mediates Rickettsia parkeri escape from host membranes

Author

Gina M. Borgo, Thomas P. Burke, Cuong J. Tran, Nicholas T. N. Lo, Patrik Engström, and Matthew D. Welch

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Pathogenic Rickettsia species are arthropod-borne, obligate intracellular bacteria that invade host cells, replicate in the cell cytosol, and spread from cell to cell. Here, Borgo et al. identify a Rickettsia phospholipase enzyme that is important for infection by helping the bacteria escape from host cell vacuoles into the host cytosol, preventing targeting by autophagy, and promoting bacterial motility and spread to other cells.

Published
2022
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2. Isolation of Bartonella henselae and Two New Bartonella Subspecies, Bartonellakoehlerae Subspecies boulouisii subsp. nov. and Bartonella koehlerae Subspecies bothieri subsp. nov. from Free-Ranging Californian Mountain Lions and Bobcats.

Author

Bruno B Chomel, Sophie Molia, Rickie W Kasten, Gina M Borgo, Matthew J Stuckey, Soichi Maruyama, Chao-Chin Chang, Nadia Haddad, and Jane E Koehler

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Domestic cats are the natural reservoir of Bartonella henselae, B. clarridgeiae and B. koehlerae. To determine the role of wild felids in the epidemiology of Bartonella infections, blood was collected from 14 free-ranging California mountain lions (Puma concolor) and 19 bobcats (Lynx rufus). Bartonella spp. were isolated from four (29%) mountain lions and seven (37%) bobcats. These isolates were characterized using growth characteristics, biochemical reactions, molecular techniques, including PCR-RFLP of selected genes or interspacer region, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), partial sequencing of several genes, and DNA-DNA hybridization. Two isolates were identical to B. henselae genotype II. All other isolates were distinguished from B. henselae and B. koehlerae by PCR-RFLP of the gltA gene using endonucleases HhaI, TaqI and AciI, with the latter two discriminating between the mountain lion and the bobcat isolates. These two novel isolates displayed specific PFGE profiles distinct from B. henselae, B. koehlerae and B. clarridgeiae. Sequences of amplified gene fragments from the three mountain lion and six bobcat isolates were closely related to, but distinct from, B. henselae and B. koehlerae. Finally, DNA-DNA hybridization studies demonstrated that the mountain lion and bobcat strains are most closely related to B. koehlerae. We propose naming the mountain lion isolates B. koehlerae subsp. boulouisii subsp. nov. (type strain: L-42-94), and the bobcat isolates B. koehlerae subsp. bothieri subsp. nov. (type strain: L-17-96), and to emend B. koehlerae as B. koehlerae subsp. koehlerae. The mode of transmission and the zoonotic potential of these new Bartonella subspecies remain to be determined.

Published
2016
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3. Isolation of Bartonella henselae and Two New Bartonella Subspecies, Bartonella koehlerae Subspecies boulouisii subsp nov and Bartonella koehlerae Subspecies bothieri subsp nov from Free-Ranging Californian Mountain Lions and Bobcats

Author

Nadia Haddad, Matthew J. Stuckey, Soichi Maruyama, Gina M. Borgo, Jane E. Koehler, Sophie Molia, Bruno B Chomel, Chao Chin Chang, Rickie W. Kasten, Chomel, Bruno B., Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), Nihon University, National Chung Hsing University, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), George and Phyllis Miller Feline Research Fund, Center for Companion Animal Health, University of California, Davis, Master of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Research Project Fund (University of California, Davis), Merial Inc., Athens, GA, Lavoisier grant (French Ministry of Foreign Affairs), Barron fellowship (University of California, Davis), Burroughs Wellcome Fund Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research, California HIV Research Program Award, NIH from the NIAID [U54AI065359, R01AI103299], University of California (UC), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Zhou, Dongsheng

Subjects
Male, Felidae, Bacteremia, Subspecies, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Geographical locations, California, Interactions biologiques, lcsh:Science, Phylogeny, Mammals, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Bacterial Pathogens, Blood, PCR, Medical Microbiology, Espèce nouvelle, Bartonella, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, 030106 microbiology, Zoology, Biomolecular isolation, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, pcr amplification, Mountain lion, Genetics, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Domestic Animals, Polymorphism, Microbial Pathogens, Bartonella henselae, Bacteria, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, DNA, Taxonomie, felis-concolor, United States, 030104 developmental biology, Molecular biology techniques, Chat, Cats, lcsh:Q, People and places, 0301 basic medicine, Bacterial Diseases, Bartonella koehlerae, Identification, Phylogénie, Physiology, Molecular biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, L73 - Maladies des animaux, cougar attacks, Espèce, Immunologie, Medicine and Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, domestic cats, Hematology, Animal domestique, Body Fluids, Infectious Diseases, Vertebrates, Female, RFLP, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Pathogens, Anatomy, Pumas, Bartonella Infection, Biotechnology, Research Article, zoonose, General Science & Technology, Animal Types, Animals, Transmission des maladies, Biologie moléculaire, Animal sauvage, biology.organism_classification, DNA isolation, Research and analysis methods, Restriction Fragment Length, Amniotes, North America, U30 - Méthodes de recherche
Abstract

International audience; Domestic cats are the natural reservoir of Bartonella henselae, B. clarridgeiae and B. koehlerae. To determine the role of wild felids in the epidemiology of Bartonella infections, blood was collected from 14 free-ranging California mountain lions (Puma concolor) and 19 bobcats (Lynx rufus). Bartonella spp. were isolated from four (29%) mountain lions and seven (37%) bobcats. These isolates were characterized using growth characteristics, biochemical reactions, molecular techniques, including PCR-RFLP of selected genes or interspacer region, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), partial sequencing of several genes, and DNA-DNA hybridization. Two isolates were identical to B. henselae genotype II. All other isolates were distinguished from B. henselae and B. koehlerae by PCR-RFLP of the gltA gene using endonucleases HhaI, TaqI and AciI, with the latter two discriminating between the mountain lion and the bobcat isolates. These two novel isolates displayed specific PFGE profiles distinct from B. henselae, B. koehlerae and B. clarridgeiae. Sequences of amplified gene fragments from the three mountain lion and six bobcat isolates were closely related to, but distinct from, B. henselae and B. koehlerae. Finally, DNA-DNA hybridization studies demonstrated that the mountain lion and bobcat strains are most closely related to B. koehlerae. We propose naming the mountain lion isolates B. koehlerae subsp. boulouisii subsp. nov. (type strain: L-42-94), and the bobcat isolates B. koehlerae subsp. bothieri subsp. nov. (type strain: L-17-96), and to emend B. koehlerae as B. koehlerae subsp.koehlerae. The mode of transmission and the zoonotic potential of these new Bartonella subspecies remain to be determined.

Published
2016
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