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This paper describes the development and test of a smartphone application to quit smoking using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The tool includes recommendations from US Clinical Practice Guidelines (USCPG), drawing on the potential of smartphones and complying with the health App (mHealth) assessment standards. The mHealth created, called NoFumo+, is structured by 4 weeks treatment, implements the USCPG 5A recommendations (ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange) and incorporates a CBT. It also includes complementary information, monitoring of the smoking behavior, social support for users, proposals for alternative activities to smoking, and innovative gamification to encourage and reward adherence. To technical development, a multidisciplinary team was formed (healthcare, research, and software engineers) that made theoretical decisions on both technical issues and the incorporation of therapeutic techniques. The validation was carried out in two phases; the first in the laboratory by a group of experts in information and communication technologies and CBTs (n = 15) and the second, a field study with smokers (n = 10). The standards for the development of mHealth recommended by the Andalusian Healthcare Quality Agency and the App quality evaluation guidelines of the Catalonian ICT Foundation for Social Health were used as assessment protocols by the experts' panel and the smokers' group, respectively. Experts' assessment results were satisfactory and some improving changes were suggested, such as to add more gamification elements. The group of smokers rated the mHealth as 100% easy to use and effective for quit smoking and understandable by the 83.3%. They also found No Fumo + quite useful to have the information available at all times. The obtained evidence after a complete two‐phased validation study, with experts and potential users, shows a mHealth with high quality and easy to use. Finally, investigation project registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with reference to this trial is registered with NCT045402004. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The objectives of this research protocol are as follows: to examine the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on health and social care for migrant women in the Son Gotleu district of Palma de Mallorca, Spain, and to develop outreach tools to target this specific group. Design This is a qualitative study that uses content analysis to obtain in‐depth knowledge of personal experience (manifest content) and contextual experience (latent content) in a specific social setting. Methods: The study population are migrant women living in Son Gotleu district, who are segmented by their age and experience of COVID‐19, defined as positive or negative according to whether or not they have been infected with the disease. Results: The shortcomings and needs relating to communication and health care that affect this group's current and future quality of life will be identified. Conclusion: The study of migrant women offers a gateway allowing vulnerability in health care to be detected. An awareness of their needs will allow prototype tools to be developed to facilitate communication and care for general and acute health needs between the scientific community and the vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Por su propia naturaleza, la emergencia implica situaciones de elevado riesgo. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la relación del estrés generado y el grado de control percibido en personal de emergencias con las variables sexo, edad, nivel de estudios, rama profesional y antigüedad y, a su vez, comparar estos resultados con los datos baremados del Inventario de Respuestas de Afrontamiento en Adultos (CRI-A) en población general española. En el estudio participaron 120 profesionales y voluntarios de diferentes instituciones civiles y militares del área de emergencias. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la escala baremada sobre estrés y control percibido del inventario CRI-A mediante la representación mental de una situación extrema. Ninguna de las variables sociodemográficas obtuvo diferencias significativas con relación a la intensidad de estrés generado. Respecto al grado de control percibido, los hombres reportaron mayores puntuaciones promedio que las mujeres. En la comparación de ambas muestras, el personal de emergencias mostró diferencias significativas respecto a la población española en general, con menores puntuaciones medias en el nivel de estrés y también en el grado de control percibido. Ante la controversia encontrada en la bibliografía respecto al sexo y al estrés generado y al grado de control percibido, la evidencia muestra diferencias en favor de los hombres. En consecuencia, se propone que se implemente formación en gestión emocional y percepción del riesgo. En cuanto a las diferencias encontradas respecto a la población general, también se propone que se establezcan planes de educación enemergencias. By its very nature, emergencies involve high-risk situations. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between the stress generated and the degree of control perceived in emergency personnel with the variables of sex, age, level of studies, professional branch and seniority and, in turn, to compare these results with the data from the Inventory of Coping Responses in Adults (CRI-A) in the general Spanish population. The study involved 120 professionals and volunteers from different civil and military institutions in the emergency area. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used, as well as the scale on stress and perceived control of the CRI-A Inventory through the mental representation of an extreme situation. None of the sociodemographic variables obtained significant differences in relation to the intensity of the stress generated. Regarding the degree of perceived control, men reported higher average scores than women. When comparing both samples, emergency personnel showed significant differences with respect to the Spanish population in general, with lower average scores in the level of stress and also in the degree of perceived control. Given the controversy found in the literature regarding sex and the stress generated and degree of perceived control, the evidence shows differences in favor of men. Consequently, it is suggested that training in emotional management and risk perception be implemented. As for the differences found with respect to the general population, it is also suggested that education plans be established in emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]