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6. Pressure-tuning of α-RuCl3 towards a quantum spin liquid.

Author

Stahl, Q., Ritschel, T., Garbarino, G., Cova, F., Isaeva, A., Doert, T., and Geck, J.

Subjects
QUANTUM spin liquid, SYNCHROTRON radiation, LOW temperatures, SYMMETRY, GEOMETRY
Abstract

The layered material α-RuCl3 is a promising candidate to realize the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) state. However, at ambient pressure, deviations from the perfect Kitaev geometry prevent the existence of the QSL state at low temperatures. Here we present the discovery of a pressure-induced high-symmetry phase in α-RuCl3, which creates close to ideal conditions for the emergence of a QSL. Employing a novel approach based on Bragg and diffuse scattering of synchrotron radiation, we reveal a pressure-induced reorganization of the RuCl3-layers. Most importantly, this reorganization affects the structure of the layers themselves, which acquire a high trigonal symmetry. For this trigonal phase the largest ratio between the Kitaev (K) and the Heisenberg exchange (J) ever encountered is found: K/J = 124. Additionally, we demonstrate that this phase can also be stabilized by a slight biaxial pressure. This not only resolves the conflicting reports of low-temperature structures in the literature, but also facilitates the investigation of the high-symmetry phase and its potential QSL using a range of experimental techniques. The layered material α-RuCl3 is a promising candidate for the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, but its low-temperature structure is debated. Here, using a new structural characterization approach, the authors report a pressure-induced high-symmetry phase in α-RuCl3, which might be close to the ideal Kitaev geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. New opportunities for high pressure X-ray absorption spectroscopy at ID24-DCM and BM23 with the Extremely Brilliant Source of the ESRF.

Author

Rosa, A. D., Garbarino, G., Rodrigues, J. E., Mijit, E., Jacobs, J., Bugnazet, D., Pasternak, S., Berruyer, G., Moyne, A., Clavel, C., Perrin, F., Anzellini, S., Meneghini, C., Occelli, F., Zhan, X., Ishimatsu, N., Sakai, T., Boccato, S., Torchio, R., and Hernandez, J.-A.

Subjects
*X-ray absorption, *PHOTON flux, *X-ray spectroscopy, *MONOCHROMATORS, *DETECTORS
Abstract

Here we present the new experimental stations devoted to the studies of matter under extreme conditions at the X-ray absorption beamlines BM23 and ID24-DCM that were recently refurbished within the ESRF – Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) upgrade program. In comparison with the stations before the EBS upgrade, they exhibit outstanding performances in terms of sample positioning capabilities, acceptance of multi-detection systems and complex sample environments. In addition, significant improvements regarding the photon flux and focusing capabilities down to the submicron size have been achieved. These stations are now coupled with the new ESRF double crystal monochromators that exhibit an exceptional beam position and energy stability and that permit quick micro-EXAFS measurements down to one EXAFS/second, and hyperspectral EXAFS mapping. In this contribution, we discuss the choices regarding the sample and detector stages and illustrate the potential of the new setups for extreme conditions studies based on selected preliminary results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Contemporary outcomes of left thoraco-abdominal esophagectomy due to cancer in the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction, a multicenter cohort study.

Author

Klevebro, F, Ash, S, Mueller, C, Garbarino, G M, Gisbertz, S S, Henegouwen, M I van Berge, Mandeville, Y, Ferri, L, Davies, A, Maynard, N, and Low, D E

Subjects
SURGICAL margin, ESOPHAGOGASTRIC junction, MINIMALLY invasive procedures, ESOPHAGEAL cancer, ONCOLOGIC surgery, CHEMORADIOTHERAPY
Abstract

Surgery for cancer of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction can be performed with a variety of minimally invasive and open approaches. The left thoracoabdominal esophagectomy (LTE) is an open technique that gives an opportunity to operate in the chest and abdomen with excellent exposure of the gastro-esophageal junction through a single incision, and there is currently no equivalent minimally invasive technique available. The aim of this multi-institutional review was to study a large contemporary international study cohort of patients treated with LTE. An international multicenter cohort study was performed including all patients treated with LTE at six high-volume centers for gastro-esophageal cancer surgery between 2012 and 2022. Patient data were prospectively collected in each participating centers' institutional database. Information about patient, tumor, and treatment details were collected. The study cohort included a total of 793 patients treated with LTE during the study period. The most frequently observed complications were pneumonia in 185/727 (25.5%) patients and atrial fibrillation in 91/727 (12.5%). Anastomotic leak occurred in 35/727 (4.8%) patients; no patient suffered from conduit necrosis. Thirty-day mortality occurred in 15/785 (1.9%) patients and 90-day mortality in 39/785 (5.0%) patients. Factors with statistically significant association with survival were American Society for Anesthesiologists-score, tumor location, tumor stage, and tumor free resection margins. Neoadjuvant therapy was not associated with increased survival compared to surgery alone but neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed statistically significant improved survival with hazard ratio 0.60 (95% confidence intervals:0.44–0.80, P  = 0.001) in a multivariable adjusted model. This study demonstrates that LTE can be applied in selected patients with results that are comparable to other large studies of open and minimally invasive surgery for esophageal or gastro-esophageal cancer at high-volume centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Using strain to uncover the interplay between two- and three-dimensional charge density waves in high-temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy.

Author

Vinograd, I., Souliou, S. M., Haghighirad, A.-A., Lacmann, T., Caplan, Y., Frachet, M., Merz, M., Garbarino, G., Liu, Y., Nakata, S., Ishida, K., Noad, H. M. L., Minola, M., Keimer, B., Orgad, D., Hicks, C. W., and Tacon, M. Le

Abstract

Uniaxial pressure provides an efficient approach to control charge density waves in YBa2Cu3Oy. It can enhance the correlation volume of ubiquitous short-range two-dimensional charge-density-wave correlations, and induces a long-range three-dimensional charge density wave, otherwise only accessible at large magnetic fields. Here, we use x-ray diffraction to study the strain dependence of these charge density waves and uncover direct evidence for a form of competition between them. We show that this interplay is qualitatively described by including strain effects in a nonlinear sigma model of competing superconducting and charge-density-wave orders. Our analysis suggests that strain stabilizes the 3D charge density wave in the regions between disorder-pinned domains of 2D charge density waves, and that the two orders compete at the boundaries of these domains. No signatures of discommensurations nor of pair density waves are observed. From a broader perspective, our results underscore the potential of strain tuning as a powerful tool for probing competing orders in quantum materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Emergency hernia repair in the elderly: multivariate analysis of morbidity and mortality from an Italian registry

Author

Ceresoli, M, Carissimi, F, Nigro, A, Fransvea, P, Lepre, L, Braga, M, Costa, G, Agresta, F., Alemanno, G., Anania, G., Antropoli, M., Argenio, G., Atzeni, J., Avenia, N., Azzinnaro, A., Baldazzi, G., Balducci, G., Barbera, G., Bellanova, G., Bergamini, C., Bersigotti, L., Bianchi, Pp., Bombardini, C., Borzellino, G., Bozzo, S., Brachini, G., Buonanno, Gm., Canini, T., Cardella, S., Carrara, G., Cassini, D., Castriconi, M., Ceccarelli, G., Celi, D., Ceresoli, M., Chiappetta, M., Chiarugi, M., Cillara, N., Cimino, F., Cobuccio, L., Cocorullo, G., Colangelo, E., Costa, G., Crucitti, A., Dallacaneva, P., De Luca, M., de Manzoni Garberini, A., De Nisco, C., De Prizio, M., De Sol, A., Dibella, A., Falcioni, T., Falco, N., Farina, C., Finotti, E., Fontana, T., Francioni, G., Fransvea, P., Frezza, B., Garbarino, G., Garulli, G., Genna, M., Giannessi, S., Gioffrè, A., Giordano, A., Gozzo, D., Grimaldi, S., Gulotta, G., Iacopini, V., Iarussi, T., Laracca, G., Laterza, E., Leonardi, A., Lepre, L., Lorenzon, L., Luridiana, G., Malagnino, A., Mar, G., Marini, P., Marzaioli, R., Massa, G., Mecarelli, V., Mercantini, P., Mingoli, A., Nigri, G., Occhionorelli, S., Paderno, N., Palini, Gm., Paradies, D., Paroli, M., Perrone, F., Petrucciani, N., Petruzzelli, L., Pezzolla, A., Piazza, D., Piazza, V., Piccoli, M., Pisanu, A., Podda, M., Poillucci, G., Porfidia, R., Rossi, G., Ruscelli, P., Spagnoli, A., Sulis, R., Tartaglia, D., Tranà, C., Travaglino, A., Tomaiuolo, P., Valeri, A., Vasquez, G., Zago, M., E. Zanoni., Ceresoli M., Carissimi F., Nigro A., Fransvea P., Lepre L., Braga M., Costa G., Agresta F., Alemanno G., Anania G., Antropoli M., Argenio G., Atzeni J., Avenia N., Azzinnaro A., Baldazzi G., Balducci G., Barbera G., Bellanova G., Bergamini C., Bersigotti L., Bianchi P.P., Bombardini C., Borzellino G., Bozzo S., Brachini G., Buonanno G.M., Canini T., Cardella S., Carrara G., Cassini D., Castriconi M., Ceccarelli G., Celi D., Chiappetta M., Chiarugi M., Cillara N., Cimino F., Cobuccio L., Cocorullo G., Colangelo E., Crucitti A., DallaCaneva P., Luca M., de Manzoni Garberini A., De Nisco C., De Prizio M., De Sol A., Dibella A., Falcioni T., Falco N., Farina C., Finotti E., Fontana T., Francioni G., Frezza B., Garbarino G., Garulli G., Genna M., Giannessi S., Gioffre A., Giordano A., Gozzo D., Grimaldi S., Gulotta G., Iacopini V., Iarussi T., Laracca G., Laterza E., Leonardi A., Lorenzon L., Luridiana G., Malagnino A., Mar G., Marini P., Marzaioli R., Massa G., Mecarelli V., Mercantini P., Mingoli A., Nigri G., Occhionorelli S., Paderno N., Palini G.M., Paradies D., Paroli M., Perrone F., Petrucciani N., Petruzzelli L., Pezzolla A., Piazza D., Piazza V., Piccoli M., Pisanu A., Podda M., Poillucci G., Porfidia R., Rossi G., Ruscelli P., Spagnoli A., Sulis R., Tartaglia D., Trana C., Travaglino A., Tomaiuolo P., Valeri A., Vasquez G., Zago M., Zanoni E., Ceresoli, M, Carissimi, F, Nigro, A, Fransvea, P, Lepre, L, Braga, M, Costa, G, Agresta, F, Alemanno, G, Anania, G, Antropoli, M, Argenio, G, Atzeni, J, Avenia, N, Azzinnaro, A, Baldazzi, G, Balducci, G, Barbera, G, Bellanova, G, Bergamini, C, Bersigotti, L, Bianchi, P, Bombardini, C, Borzellino, G, Bozzo, S, Brachini, G, Buonanno, G, Canini, T, Cardella, S, Carrara, G, Cassini, D, Castriconi, M, Ceccarelli, G, Celi, D, Chiappetta, M, Chiarugi, M, Cillara, N, Cimino, F, Cobuccio, L, Cocorullo, G, Colangelo, E, Crucitti, A, Dallacaneva, P, Luca, M, de Manzoni Garberini, A, De Nisco, C, De Prizio, M, De Sol, A, Dibella, A, Falcioni, T, Falco, N, Farina, C, Finotti, E, Fontana, T, Francioni, G, Frezza, B, Garbarino, G, Garulli, G, Genna, M, Giannessi, S, Gioffre, A, Giordano, A, Gozzo, D, Grimaldi, S, Gulotta, G, Iacopini, V, Iarussi, T, Laracca, G, Laterza, E, Leonardi, A, Lorenzon, L, Luridiana, G, Malagnino, A, Mar, G, Marini, P, Marzaioli, R, Massa, G, Mecarelli, V, Mercantini, P, Mingoli, A, Nigri, G, Occhionorelli, S, Paderno, N, Palini, G, Paradies, D, Paroli, M, Perrone, F, Petrucciani, N, Petruzzelli, L, Pezzolla, A, Piazza, D, Piazza, V, Piccoli, M, Pisanu, A, Podda, M, Poillucci, G, Porfidia, R, Rossi, G, Ruscelli, P, Spagnoli, A, Sulis, R, Tartaglia, D, Trana, C, Travaglino, A, Tomaiuolo, P, Valeri, A, Vasquez, G, Zago, M, and Zanoni, E

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, NO, Postoperative complications, Elderly, Laparotomy, medicine, Hernia, Incarcerated hernia, business.industry, Explorative laparotomy, Groin hernia · Incarcerated hernia · Elderly · Postoperative complications · Emergency surgery · Charlson’s comorbidity index, medicine.disease, Hernia repair, Comorbidity, Surgery, Groin hernia, Inguinal hernia, Charlson’s comorbidity index, Emergency surgery, business, Watchful waiting, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

Purpose The incidence of inguinal hernia is higher in elderly because of aging-related diseases like prostatism, bronchitis, collagen laxity. A conservative management is common in elderly to reduce surgery-related risks, however watchful waiting can expose to obstruction and strangulation. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of emergency surgery in a large series of elderly with complicated groin hernia and to identify the independent risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality. The predictive performance of prognostic risk scores has been also assessed. Methods This is a prospective observational study carried out between January 2017 and June 2018 in elderly patients who underwent emergency surgery for complicated hernia in 38 Italian hospitals. Pre-operative, surgical and postoperative data were recorded for each patient. ASA score, Charlson’s comorbidity index, P-POSSUM and CR-POSSUM were assessed. Results 259 patients were recruited, mean age was 80 years. A direct repair without mesh was performed in 62 (23.9%) patients. Explorative laparotomy was performed in 56 (21.6%) patients and bowel resection was necessary in 44 (17%). Mortality occurred in seven (2.8%) patients. Fifty-five (21.2%) patients developed complications, 12 of whom had a major one. At univariate and multivariate analyses, Charlson’s comorbidity index ≥ 6, altered mental status, and need for laparotomy were associated with major complications and mortality Conclusion Emergency surgery for complicated hernia is burdened by high morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. Preoperative comorbidity played a pivotal role in predicting complications and mortality and therefore Charlson’s comorbidity index could be adopted to select patients for elective operation

Published
2022

18. In-situ study of microstructures induced by the olivine to wadsleyite transformation at conditions of the 410 km depth discontinuity

Author

Ledoux, E., Krug, M., Gay, J., Chantel, J., Hilairet, N., Bykov, M., Bykova, E., Aprilis, G., Svitlyk, V., Garbarino, G., Guignot, N., Sanchez-Valle, C., Speziale, S., and Merkel, S.

Abstract

The olivine-wadsleyite transformation is believed to occur at depths of about 410 km in the Earth, producing a major seismic discontinuity in this region of the Earth’s mantle. The mechanism of this phase transition controls the microstructures of the newly-nucleated wadsleyite, the major phase of the upper part of the mantle transition zone, and thus impacts seismic observations in the region. Here, we study the microstructures produced by the olivine-wadsleyite transformation using in-situ laboratory experiments at pressures and temperatures relevant for the mantle transition zone. We transform pure olivine samples in laser-heated diamond anvil cells at pressures ranging from 12.3 to 20.2 GPa and temperatures of 1400-1730 K. At different steps of the transformation we measure the orientation and size distribution of individual sample grains using multigrain crystallography at synchrotron radiation sources. We find that the olivine to wadsleyite transformation is incoherent at the conditions of the mantle transition zone, and is probably dominated by nucleation of wadsleyite at grain boundaries of the parent olivine. Thus, we expect that seismic anisotropy near 410 km would drop significantly due to the randomized lattice preferred orientation of newly-nucleated wadsleyite induced by the incoherent transformation.

Published
2023

23. Pressure dependence of the silicon carbide synthesis temperature.

Author

Limandri, S., Garbarino, G., Sifre, D., Mezouar, M., and Galván Josa, V.

Subjects
*SILICON carbide, *CHEMICAL synthesis, *TEMPERATURE, *SILICON, *MELTING
Abstract

The starting temperature for SiC synthesis from elemental silicon, carbon black, and graphite powders was determined for pressures ranging from 0.8 to 11 GPa by in situ X-ray diffraction experiments. The synthesized SiC corresponds to the cubic 3C phase with the presence of stacking faults along the [111] direction. The lowest density of the stacking faults is achieved when black carbon is used instead of graphite. The minimum temperature to start the Si + C → SiC reaction slightly decreases when the pressure is increased up to 6 GPa and the reaction begins before silicon melts. For pressures higher than 8 GPa, the starting temperature increases, and the formation of SiC from the SiII phase requires the complete melting of silicon. Bulk modulus Bo = 236(14) GPa was obtained for the synthesized SiC phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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25. High-Pressure and High-Temperature Chemistry of Phosphorus and Nitrogen: Synthesis and Characterization of α- and γ‑P3N5

Author

Ceppatelli, M., Scelta, D., Serrano Ruiz, M., Dziubek, K., Izquierdo Ruiz, Fernando, Recio Muñiz, José Manuel, Garbarino, G., Svitlyk, V., Mezouar, M., Peruzzini, M., and Bini, R.

Abstract

The direct chemical reactivity between phosphorus and nitrogen was induced under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions (9.1 GPa and 2000−2500 K), generated by a laser heated diamond anvil cell and studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. α-P3N5 and γ-P3N5 were identified as reaction products. The structural parameters and vibrational frequencies of γ-P3N5 were characterized as a function of pressure during room-temperature compression and decompression to ambient conditions, determining the equation of state of the material up to 32.6 GPa and providing insight about the lattice dynamics of the unit cell during compression, which essentially proceeds through the rotation of the PN5 square pyramids and the distortion of the PN4 tetrahedra. Although the identification of α-P3N5 demonstrates for the first time the direct synthesis of this compound from the elements, its detection in the outer regions of the laser-heated area suggests α-P3N5 as an intermediate step in the progressive nitridation of phosphorus toward the formation of γ-P3N5 with increasing coordination number of P by N from 4 to 5. No evidence of a higher pressure phase transition was observed, excluding the existence of predicted structures containing octahedrally hexacoordinated P atoms in the investigated pressure range.

Published
2022

26. Local mechanism of valence bond formation in IrTe$_2$

Author

Ritschel, T., Stahl, Q., Kusch, M., Trinckauf, J., Garbarino, G., Svitlyk, V., Mezouar, M., Yang, J., Cheong, S. W., and Geck, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Doped IrTe$_2$ is considered a platform for topological superconductivity and therefore receives currently a lot of interest. In addition, the superconductivity in these materials exists in close vicinity of electronic valence bond crystals, which we explore here by means of high-pressure single crystal x-ray diffraction in combination with density functional theory. Our crystallographic refinements provide unprecedented information about the structural evolution as a function of applied pressure up to 42 GPa. Using this structural information for density functional theory calculations, we show that the valence bond formation in IrTe$_2$ is driven by changes in the Ir-Te-Ir bond angle. When a valence bond is formed, this bond angle decreases drastically, leading to a stabilization of local valence bonds large enough to push them out of a broad band continuum. This unusual local mechanism of valence bond formation in an itinerant material provides a natural explanation for the different valence bond orders in IrTe$_2$, implies a very strong electron-phonon coupling and is most likely relevant for the superconductivity as well., 10 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021

31. The Emergency Surgery Frailty Index (EmSFI): development and internal validation of a novel simple bedside risk score for elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery

Author

Costa, Gianluca, Bersigotti, Laura, Massa, Giulia, Lepre, Luca, Fransvea, Pietro, Lucarini, Alessio, Mercantini, Paolo, Balducci, Genoveffa, Sganga, Gabriele, Crucitti, ERASO (Elderly Risk Assessment, Surgical Outcome) Collaborative Study Group:, F Agresta, Alemanno, G, Anania, G, Antropoli, M, Argenio, G, Atzeni, J, Avenia, N, Azzinnaro, A, Baldazzi, G, Balducci, G, Barbera, G, Bellanova, G, Bergamini, C, Bersigotti, L, P Bianchi, P, Bombardini, C, Borzellino, G, Bozzo, S, Brachini, G, M Buonanno, G, Canini, T, Cardella, S, Carrara, G, Cassini, D, Castriconi, M, Ceccarelli, G, Celi, D, Ceresoli, M, Chiarugi, M, Cillara, N, Cimino, F, Cobuccio, L, Cocorullo, G, Colangelo, E, Costa, G, Crucitti, A, P Dalla Caneva, M De Luca, A de Manzoni Garberini, C De Nisco, M De Prizio, A De Sol, Dibella, A, Falcioni, T, Falco, N, Farina, C, Finotti, E, Fontana, T, Francioni, G, Fransvea, P, Frezza, B, Garbarino, G, Garulli, G, Genna, M, Giannessi, S, Gioffrè, A, Giordano, A, Gozzo, D, Grimaldi, S, Gulotta, G, Iacopini, V, Iarussi, T, Laracca, G, Laterza, E, Leonardi, A, Lepre, L, Lorenzon, L, Luridiana, G, Malagnino, A, Mar, G, Marini, P, Marzaioli, R, Massa, G, Mecarelli, V, Mercantini, P, Mingoli, A, Nigri, G, Occhionorelli, S, Paderno, N, M Palini, G, Paradies, D, Paroli, M, Perrone, F, Petrucciani, N, Petruzzelli, L, Pezzolla, A, Piazza, D, Piazza, V, Piccoli, M, Pisanu, A, Podda, M, Poillucci, G, Porfidia, R, Rossi, G, Ruscelli, P, Spagnoli, A, Sulis, R, Tartaglia, D, Tranà, C, Travaglino, A, Tomaiuolo, P, Valeri, A, Vasquez, G, Zago, M, Zanoni, E, Costa, G, Bersigotti, L, Massa, G, Lepre, L, Fransvea, P, Lucarini, A, Mercantini, P, Balducci, G, Sganga, G, Crucitti, A, Agresta, F, Alemanno, G, Anania, G, Antropoli, M, Argenio, G, Atzeni, J, Avenia, N, Azzinnaro, A, Baldazzi, G, Barbera, G, Bellanova, G, Bergamini, C, Bianchi, P, Bombardini, C, Borzellino, G, Bozzo, S, Brachini, G, Buonanno, G, Canini, T, Cardella, S, Carrara, G, Cassini, D, Castriconi, M, Ceccarelli, G, Celi, D, Ceresoli, M, Chiarugi, M, Cillara, N, Cimino, F, Cobuccio, L, Cocorullo, G, Colangelo, E, Dallacaneva, P, Deluca, M, deManzoni Garberini, A, Denisco, C, Deprizio, M, Desol, A, Dibella, A, Falcioni, T, Falco, N, Farina, C, Finotti, E, Fontana, T, Francioni, G, Frezza, B, Garbarino, G, Garulli, G, Genna, M, Giannessi, S, Gioffre, A, Giordano, A, Gozzo, D, Grimaldi, S, Gulotta, G, Iacopini, V, Iarussi, T, Laracca, G, Laterza, E, Leonardi, A, Lorenzon, L, Luridiana, G, Malagnino, A, Mar, G, Marini, P, Marzaioli, R, Mecarelli, V, Mingoli, A, Nigri, G, Occhionorelli, S, Paderno, N, Palini, G, Paradies, D, Paroli, M, Perrone, F, Petrucciani, N, Petruzzelli, L, Pezzolla, A, Piazza, D, Piazza, V, Piccoli, M, Pisanu, A, Podda, M, Poillucci, G, Porfidia, R, Rossi, G, Ruscelli, P, Spagnoli, A, Sulis, R, Tartaglia, D, Trana, C, Travaglino, A, Tomaiuolo, P, Valeri, A, Vasquez, G, Zago, M, and Zanoni, E

Subjects
Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Frail Elderly, Frailty Index, Emergency surgery, Frailty, Predictive tool, Procedure-specific morbidity, Procedure-specifc morbidity, Logistic regression, Risk Assessment, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Internal validation, Aged, Frailty, Emergency surgery, Predictive tool, Procedure-specifc morbidity, Univariate analysis, Framingham Risk Score, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Test (assessment), Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Emergency medicine, Original Article, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business
Abstract

Background Frailty assessment has acquired an increasing importance in recent years and it has been demonstrated that this vulnerable profile predisposes elderly patients to a worse outcome after surgery. Therefore, it becomes paramount to perform an accurate stratification of surgical risk in elderly undergoing emergency surgery. Study design 1024 patients older than 65 years who required urgent surgical procedures were prospectively recruited from 38 Italian centers participating to the multicentric FRAILESEL (Frailty and Emergency Surgery in the Elderly) study, between December 2016 and May 2017. A univariate analysis was carried out, with the purpose of developing a frailty index in emergency surgery called “EmSFI”. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was then performed to test the accuracy of our predictive score. Results 784 elderly patients were consecutively enrolled, constituting the development set and results were validated considering further 240 consecutive patients undergoing colorectal surgical procedures. A logistic regression analysis was performed identifying different EmSFI risk classes. The model exhibited good accuracy as regard to mortality for both the development set (AUC = 0.731 [95% CI 0.654–0.772]; HL test χ2 = 6.780; p = 0.238) and the validation set (AUC = 0.762 [95% CI 0.682–0.842]; HL test χ2 = 7.238; p = 0.299). As concern morbidity, our model showed a moderate accuracy in the development group, whereas a poor discrimination ability was observed in the validation cohort. Conclusions The validated EmSFI represents a reliable and time-sparing tool, despite its discriminative value decreased regarding complications. Thus, further studies are needed to investigate specifically surgical settings, validating the EmSFI prognostic role in assessing the procedure-related morbidity risk.

Published
2020
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40. Amorpheus: a Python-based software for the treatment of X-ray scattering data of amorphous and liquid systems.

Author

Boccato, S., Garino, Y., Morard, G., Zhao, B., Xu, F., Sanloup, C., King, A., Guignot, N., Clark, A., Garbarino, G., Morand, M., and Antonangeli, D.

Subjects
PYTHON programming language, X-ray scattering, RADIAL distribution function, DIAMOND anvil cell, THERMAL expansion, LIQUIDS
Abstract

The diffuse scattering signal of amorphous or liquid systems contains information on the local atomic structure, and this can be related to the density, compressibility, thermal expansion and other thermoelastic properties. However, the analysis and full exploitation of the diffuse scattering signal, in particular for systems under extreme conditions of high pressures and temperatures are difficult to handle. Amorpheus is a Python-based software allowing the determination of the structure factor and the radial distribution function of amorphous and liquid systems. Based on previously reported methodologies, Amorpheus stands out for the implementation of automatic algorithms allowing the user to choose the most suitable parameters for the data treatment and making possible systematic analysis of datasets collected in experiments carried out in Paris-Edinburgh press, multi-anvil apparatus or diamond anvil cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. Precision anatomy for minimally invasive hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery: PAM-HBP surgery project

Author

Nakamura, M., Wakabayashi, G., Tsuchida, A., Nagakawa, Y., Abe, Y., Abu Hilal, M., Alconchel, F., Akahoshi, K., Aoki, T., Ariizumi, S., Asbun, H. J., Ban, D., Benedetti Cacciaguerra, A., Berardi, G., Boggi, U., Chan, A. C. Y., Chanwat, R., Chen, K. -H., Chen, Y., Cherqui, D., Cheung, T. T., Ciria, R., Duran, M., Endo, I., Fuks, D., Garbarino, G. M., Garcia Vazquez, A., Geller, D. A., Goh, B. K. P., Golse, N., Gotohda, N., Han, H. -S., Hasegawa, K., Hatano, E., He, J., Higuchi, R., Honda, G., Ikenaga, N., Ishikawa, Y., Iwashita, Y., Itano, O., Jang, J. -Y., Kaneko, H., Kang, C. M., Kato, Y., Kendrick, M. L., Kim, J. H., Kooby, D. A., Kozono, S., Liu, R., Lopez-Ben, S., Maekawa, A., Miyasaka, Y., Monden, K., Mori, Y., Morimoto, M., Murase, Y., Nakamura, Y., Nakata, K., Nishino, H., Ogiso, S., Ohtsuka, T., Osakabe, H., Palanivelu, C., Rotellar, F., Sakamoto, Y., Sakuma, L., Shirata, C., Shrikhande, S. V., Sugioka, A., Takaori, K., Takishita, C., Tanabe, M., Tang, C. -N., Tomassini, F., Urade, T., Wakabayashi, T., Wang, S. -E., Watanabe, Y., Wolfgang, C. L., Yamamoto, M., Yiengpruksawan, A., Yoon, Y. -S., Yoshizumi, T., and Zimmitt, G.

Subjects
Laparoscopic surgery, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, minimally invasive pancreatic surgery, minimally invasive hepatic surgery, laparoscopic surgery, Pancreatic surgery, Surgery, Pancreatectomy, Robotic Surgical Procedures, robotic surgery, medicine, precision anatomy, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Robotic surgery, Laparoscopy, business, Pancreas
Published
2020

42. Compression behaviour of noble gases to lower mantle pressures and implications for their storage in crystalline lower mantle phases

Author

Rosa, A., Guillaume Morard, Dewaele, A., Garbarino, G., Guignot, N., Irifune, T., Mohamed Ali Bouhifd, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Ehime University [Matsuyama, Japon], Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ehime University [Matsuyama], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), and Jouhannel, Sylvaine

Subjects
[SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, [SDU.STU.PE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

43. Gibbs energy of ices III, V and VI: wholistic thermodynamics and elasticity of the water phase diagram to 2300 MPa

Author

Journaux, B., Brown, J. M., Pakhomova, A., Collings, I. E., Petitgirard, S., Espinoza, P., Ott, J., Cova, F., Garbarino, G., and Hanfland, M.

Subjects
Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), Physics - Chemical Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Gibbs energy representations for ice III, V and VI are reported. These were constructed using new measurements of volumes at high pressure over a range of low temperatures combined with calculated vibrational energies grounded in statistical physics. The collection of representations including ice Ih and water (released as the open source SeaFreeze framework) allow accurate determinations of thermodynamics properties (phase boundaries, density, heat capacity, bulk modulus, thermal expansivity, chemical potentials) and seismic wave velocities over the entire range of conditions encountered in hydrospheres in our solar system (220 - 500K to 2300 MPa). These comprehensive representations allow exploration of the rich spectrum of thermodynamic behavior in the H2O system. Although the results are broadly applicable in science and engineering, their use in habitability analysis in water-rich planetary bodies of our solar system and beyond is particularly relevant.

Published
2019

48. Comment on: Melting behavior of SiO2 up to 120 GPa (Andrault et al. 2020).

Author

Andrault, Denis, Pison, L., Morard, G., Garbarino, G., Mezouar, M., Bouhifd, M. A., and Kawamoto, T.

Subjects
DIAMOND anvil cell, MELTING
Abstract

The additional work we have done using our new laser heating in the diamond anvil cell system since the publication of Andrault et al. (Phys Chem Mineral 47(2), 2020) leads us to the conclusion that there was a systematic bias in the determination of temperature. First, the temperature of the W-lamp used for the calibration of the optical system was overestimated by ~ 22 K at 2273 K. Then, we made the assumption that hot SiO2 was a grey-body (constant emissivity ε(λ)), while the available measurements suggest instead that ε(λ) of SiO2 is similar to that of tungsten. Applying these two corrections lowers the SiO2 melting temperatures significantly. In LMV, we performed a new experimental determination of the SiO2 melting temperature, at 5000 (200) K and ~ 70 (4) GPa, which is well compatible with the amplitude of the correction proposed. The reevaluation of the melting temperature profile does not affect largely the interpretations or the main conclusions presented in Andrault et al. (Phys Chem Mineral 47(2), 2020). Within the stability field of stishovite, the melting curve still presents a relatively sharp change of slope at P–T recalculated as ~ 40 GPa and ~ 4800 K. It is related to a change of the melt structure. At higher pressures, the melting curve is almost flat up to the subsolidus transition from stishovite to the CaCl2-form around 85 GPa, where the slope of the melting curve increases again up to ~ 120 GPa. We present corrected figures and tables of the original publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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49. Crossover in the pressure evolution of elementary distortions in RFeO 3 perovskites and its impact on their phase transition

Author

Vilarinho, R., Bouvier, Pierre, Peral, I., Weber, M., Tavares, P., Mihalik, M., Garbarino, G., Mezouar, M., Kreisel, J., Almeida, A., Moreira, J., Department of Physics - IFIMUP, Universidade do Porto, Matériaux, Rayonnements, Structure (MRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry
Abstract

International audience; This work reports on the pressure dependence of the octahedral tilts and mean Fe-O bond lengths in RFeO 3 (R = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy), determined through synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering, and their role on the pressure-induced phase transition displayed by all of these compounds. For larger rare-earth cations (Nd-Sm), both anti-and in-phase octahedral tilting decrease as pressure increases, whereas the reverse behavior is observed for smaller ones (Gd-Dy). EuFeO 3 stands at the borderline, with nearly pressure-independent tilt angles. For the compounds where the tilts increase with pressure, the FeO 6 octahedra are compressed at lower rates than for those ones exhibiting opposite pressure tilt dependence. The crossover between the two opposite pressure behaviors is discussed in relation to the general rules proposed from different theoretical approaches. The similarity of the pressure-induced isostructural insulator-to-metal phase transition, observed in the whole series, points out that the tilts play a minor role in its driving mechanisms. A clear relationship between octahedral compressibility and critical pressure is ascertained.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Crossover in the pressure evolution of elementary distortions in RFeO3 perovskites and its impact on their phase transition

Author

Vilarinho, R., Bouvier, P., Guennou, M., Peral, I., Weber, M. C., Tavares, P., Mihalik, M., Garbarino, G., Mezouar, M., Kreisel, J., Almeida, A., and Moreira, J. Agostinho

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

This work reports on the pressure dependence of the octahedra tilts and mean Fe-O bond lengths in RFeO3 (R=Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy), determined through synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering, and their role on the pressure induced phase transition displayed by all of these compounds. For larger rare-earth cations (Nd-Sm), both anti- and in-phase octahedra tilting decrease as pressure increases, whereas the reverse behavior is observed for smaller ones (Gd-Dy). EuFeO3 stands at the borderline, as the tilts are pressure independent. For the compounds where the tilts increase with pressure, the FeO6 octahedra are compressed at lower rates than for those ones exhibiting opposite pressure tilt dependence. The crossover between the two opposite pressure behaviors is discussed and faced with the rules grounded on the current theoretical approaches. The similarity of the pressure-induced isostructural insulator-to-metal phase transition, observed in the whole series, point out that the tilts play a minor role in its driving mechanisms. A clear relationship between octahedra compressibility and critical pressure is ascertained., 25 pages (including Supplemental Information), 12 figures and 4 tables

Published
2019

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