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Your search keyword '"Galea, Liisa A.M."' showing total 210 results
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210 results on '"Galea, Liisa A.M."'

28. Higher perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic increased menstrual dysregulation and menopause symptoms.

Author

Garcia de leon, Romina, Baaske, Alexandra, Albert, Arianne Y., Booth, Amy, Racey, C. Sarai, Gordon, Shanlea, Smith, Laurie W., Gottschlich, Anna, Sadarangani, Manish, Kaida, Angela, Ogilvie, Gina S., Brotto, Lori A., and Galea, Liisa A.M.

Subjects
COMPETENCY assessment (Law), MENSTRUATION disorders, CONFIDENCE intervals, APPLICATION software, RETROSPECTIVE studies, SURVEYS, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, MENOPAUSE, TEXT messages, ANXIETY, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics), THEMATIC analysis, DATA analysis software, LOGISTIC regression analysis, ODDS ratio, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, COVID-19 pandemic, REPRODUCTIVE health, WORLD Wide Web, HEMORRHAGE, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Background: The increased stress the world experienced with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic affected mental health, disproportionately affecting females. However, how perceived stress in the first year affected menstrual and menopausal symptoms has not yet been investigated. Objectives: This study evaluates the effect that the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic had on female reproductive and mental health. Methods: Residents in British Columbia, Canada, were surveyed online as part of the COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Study of a Provincial Population-Based Cohort for Gender and Sex. A subgroup of participants (n = 4171), who were assigned female sex at birth (age 25–69 years) and were surveyed within the first 6–12 months of the pandemic (August 2020–February 2021), prior to the widespread rollout of vaccines, was retrospectively asked if they noticed changes in their menstrual or menopausal symptoms, and completing validated measures of stress, depression and anxiety. Design: This is a population-based online retrospective survey. Results: We found that 27.8% reported menstrual cycle disturbances and 6.7% reported increased menopause symptoms. Those who scored higher on perceived stress, depression and anxiety scales were more likely to report reproductive cycle disturbances. Free-text responses revealed that reasons for disturbances were perceived to be related to the pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to research female-specific health issues, such as menstruation. Our data indicate that in the first year of the pandemic, almost one-third of the menstruating population reported disturbances in their cycle, which was related to percieved stress, depression and anxiety scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Sex Differences and Estradiol Effects in MAPK and Akt Cell Signaling across Subregions of the Hippocampus.

Author

Sheppard, Paul A.S., Puri, Tanvi A., and Galea, Liisa A.M.

Subjects
ESTROGEN, PROTEIN kinase B, CELL communication, MITOGEN-activated protein kinases, DENTATE gyrus, GLYCOGEN synthase kinase
Abstract

Introduction: Rapid effects of estrogens within the hippocampus of rodents are dependent upon cell-signaling cascades, and activation of these cascades by estrogens varies by sex. Whether these pathways are rapidly activated within the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 by estrogens across sex and the anatomical longitudinal axis has been overlooked. Methods: Gonadally intact female and male rats were given either vehicle or physiological systemic low (1.1 µg/kg) or high (37.3 µg/kg) doses of 17β-estradiol 30 min prior to tissue collection. To control for the effects of circulating estrogens, an additional group of female rats was ovariectomized (OVX) and administered 17β-estradiol. Brains were extracted, and tissue punches of the CA1 and DG were taken along the longitudinal hippocampal axis (dorsal and ventral) and analyzed for key mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt) cascade phosphoproteins. Results: Intact females had higher Akt pathway phosphoproteins (pAkt, pGSK-3β, and pp70S6K) than males in the DG (dorsal and ventral) and lower pERK1/2 in the dorsal DG. Most effects of 17β-estradiol on cell signaling occurred in OVX animals. In OVX animals, 17β-estradiol increased cell signaling of MAPK and Akt phosphoproteins (pERK1/2, pJNK, pAkt, and pGSK-3β) in the CA1 and pERK1/2 and pJNK DG. Discussion/Conclusions: Systemic 17β-estradiol treatment rapidly alters phosphoprotein levels in the hippocampus, dependent on reproductive status, and intact females have greater expression of Akt phosphoproteins than that in intact males in the DG. These findings shed light on underlying mechanisms of sex differences in hippocampal function and response to interventions that affect MAPK or Akt signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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