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The objective is to analyze the interventions of editors in the Argentine cultural press in relation to the changes in the publishing market at the end of the twentieth century. Between 1988 and 1998, editors wrote in literary magazines in regular sections for the same target audience of the books they launched into the market. Unlike earlier publications, when editors wrote for their peers, in the late 1980s editors became visible to the public. The editors' publications in Babel magazine and the interviews in La Gandhi Argentina were read from the perspective of history and cultural sociology. The editors in the act of taking the floor situated their practice in comparison with the recent past and marked the tension between the different economic logics of cultural goods. The figure of the editor appeared in the press as he lost space in editorial management and decisions were taken by the commercial and marketing area. In a country without publishing archives or national bibliography, the writings and interviews with publishers serve to reconstruct fragments of their work and the absent catalog, at least until the implementation of the ISBN.

Between July 18 and August 2, the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador, hosted the First Latin American Cultural Meeting organized by the Municipal Cultural Center of that city. For Argentina, along with others, the writer Haroldo Conti, author of Around the Cage and Casa de las Américas Award winner in 1974 for his work Mascaró, the American Hunter, participated. Nuevo Hombre understood that Conti's contribution to Argentine literature makes him one of the most consistent intellectuals among those who strive for literature to be a testimonial task. That is why one of his editors interviewed the writer and together they rehearsed an evaluation of the Guayaquil experience.

The creation of the Public Library of Braga, one of the first of the modern times in Portugal, and a brief sociobiography of Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Abreu, the first librarian, are here presented within the context of the social, economic, cultural and political power relations of the initial decades of the Library’s history. Some episodes of the creation and of the consolidation of the Library, as well as some episodes of the librarian’s professional life will be outlined to facilitate a wider reading. While building from specificity, the analysis and interpretation of this case enclose an explanatory capacity addressed at a wider framework, in what concerns both the history of public libraries in Braga, and the understanding of the cultural history of this period in Braga and in Portugal.

Prospero Calderón (1862-1934) will be the first Costa Rican to devote himself to the profession of editor; Likewise he will be photographer, teacher, designer and precursor of the graphic arts in the country. Under its ideals for the promotion of culture, the first Costa Rican publications are published in a magazine format: Costa Rica Ilustrada and Páginas Ilustradas, featuring on its pages photographs of H.N. Rudd, Manuel Gómez Miralles and Amando Céspedes, among others, as well as texts by Joaquín García Monje, Justo A. Facio, Carmen Lyra and Lisímaco Chavarría. His contribution is essential in the study of Costa Rican society and art in the transition of the s. XIX to s. XX. In order to carry out this research, was used the Historical Methodology, developed from the heuristic and hermeneutic stages, to conclude with a theoretical proposal under the figure of Historical Biography.

The international seminar "The Art of Bibliography" arose from the idea of teachers and researchers in the field of Information Science in the middle of 2013 and the first conversations led to think of Bibliography as the (infra) structure of all modern science. In order to illuminate bibliographical thinking and to demonstrate not only its infrastructural condition, but also its condition of seeing, perceiving, recognizing and presenting knowledge, throughout its activities, it sought to bring together researchers from Brazilian and foreign universities . The event, in several editions, put in dialogue the Brazilian institutions in the search not for the definition and the demarcation summary, but for the bibliographic meta-approaches. The results of the inquires were published in the scientific journals Information & Information (UEL) in 2015 and 2018, InCID (University of São Paulo - USP) in 2016 and Perspectives in Information Science (Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG ) in 2017. In this context, the purpose of this work is to study the theoretical conceptions and concrete activities related to the field of Bibliography in Brazil, based on the production linked to the international seminar "The Art of Bibliography", annually since 2014, whose results have been published in article formats in several Brazilian journals since 2015. For that, a qualitative-quantitative study was carried out to analyze the production on the theme to show the evolution of the concept of bibliography present in the scientific production that relates Brazil to others countries, highlighting the conceptions and activities developed by the sators. Specifically, the research aims to identify the elements that today design the domain, through production on the theme "Bibliography." It is a descriptive study that analyzes the content of articles, from categories of analysis and information collected in the scientific production considered, between 2015 and 2018, consisting of a corpus of 39 articles. It is observed that, in the selected production on the theme, the epistemological, technomethodological and sociopolitical theoretical dimensions are present, constructed as categories in the course of content analysis. For the set of materials analyzed, the bibliography covers the institution of the modern library from Gesner, Naudé and, in the twentieth century, Otlet, maintaining its basic question: to select useful documents for the reader, given the uncontrollable increase of available products.

The creation of the Public Library of Braga, one of the first of the modern times in Portugal, and a brief sociobiography of Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Abreu, the first librarian, are here presented within the context of the social, economic, cultural and political power relations of the initial decades of the Library’s history. Some episodes of the creation and of the consolidation of the Library, as well as some episodes of the librarian’s professional life will be outlined to facilitate a wider reading. While building from specificity, the analysis and interpretation of this case enclose an explanatory capacity addressed at a wider framework, in what concerns both the history of public libraries in Braga, and the understanding of the cultural history of this period in Braga and in Portugal.

The bibliographic-librarianship works of Josefa Emilia Sabor are divided into four thematic issues: 1. – Bibliography and reference. 2. – Library Science education, curricula, programs, schools, etc. 3. – Libraries: conceptualizations and problems. 4. – Research. The purpose is to identify the most important intellectual contributions, according to the author of this article, which were recorded in the written production of Sabor and constitute a legacy that benefits the library community and that librarians are contributory.

Eugene Garfield developed a theory about using the article’s bibliographic citations as an information retrieval procedure more efficient than those in use during 1950s. He undertook the development of a complete citation index to show the propagation of the scientific thought. He founded the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). There he created Current Contents, the SCI and other products now collected in the Web of Science, the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) and the Impact Factor. Garfield theory corresponds, in the era of Internet, to the development of information retrieval algorithms such as Pagerank, of Google, that uses structured citation between websites through hyperlinks. Garfield revolutionized the world of scientific research and science evaluation

This paper comes out of a bibliographic research performed through the University of Pisa catalogue carried out by the authors and Mrs. Elena Longoni. Its scope and purpose was to draw out from the catalogue all records about gender studies and equal opportunities. The issue has been the editing of a pertinent bibliography published in March 2008 by SEU (University Editorial Service) and freely available online http://eprints.adm.unipi.it/464/. Based on this experience, in this article are suggested some evaluations on these aspects of our catalogue: semantic research functionalities and semantic access quantity and quality. Nowadays it is possible to observe in OPAC a misconnection between power of indexing languages of library science (subjecting and classification) and tools for information retrieval. In most of the OPACs the semantic access quantity is never complete for the existence of many rules and different choices. A lot of efforts faced to improve semantic access quality and homogeneity have been done over last years. Despite that, mainly in Italy where “Nuovo Soggettario” (the new controlled vocabulary) has been put in place, it’s still possible to come across many mistakes and incongruences.

APA Style Types of dating (what it is, examples) References (what it is)

Standardization is essential for proper transfer, storage and recovery of information. Standardization affects all aspects of information usage, and not only for professionals in information processing. The most prominent aspectsof professional practice in this field are adressed, including the IraLIS solution for citing Spanish authors with multiple surnames. There is a need for Spanish scientific authors to be aware that taking these actions will improve the visibility of their work in international citation resources.

The paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders.

The accumulation of individual, institutional and intellectual knowledge is the most basic and important instrument in the determination of the progress and conditions of any branch of science and/or profession. The librarians who have qualifications and responsibilities in every stage of the process extending from publication to the accession of knowledge, are at the same time responsible for providing necessary instruments and environments. In Turkey librarians started to create effective instruments and conditions necessary for the accession to the individual, institutional and intellectual accumulation of knowledge. A new project has been set up in 2006 under the leadership of University and Research Librarians’ Association. The objective of this project is to provide accession to the individual, institutional and intellectual accumulation of knowledge in electronic form in the field of librarianship, and therefore,in the same year a new project called “Who is Who in Librarianship in Turkey” has come into being in electronic form. From 2007, onwards “The Directory of Information Centers in Turkey is being prepared in electronic form. In the third stage of the project, the reports, papers, etc. related to librarianship will be also available for accession in electronic form.

RESUMEN Estudio sobre la construcción de perfiles biográficos personalizados. Análisis de las fuentes de información, de los problemas de interpretación y de la memorización de recuerdos. Rol del entrevistador ABSTRACT Works on creating customized biographic profiles. Study on data mining, understanding path to data and fixing memories. Interviewer approach.

Report giving an overview about the conference "BuecherFrauenBibliotheken" (BooksWomenLibraries) that took place in November 2006 in Vienna. The conference dealt with the image of women librarians in fiction and motion pictures; women librarians who were discriminated against, displaced, or even murdered by fascist regimes in Austria; the history of women's employment in the Austrian national library; the project "Gipfelbibliothek"; and the important collection "library of hungarian women".

In Spain there are currently two major research awards literature, the convenor of the National Library, "Literature Award from the National Library" and granting the City of Campanario (Badajoz), "Research Award Bartolomé José Gallardo literature. "The National Library of literature award instituted in the mid-nineteenth century under the Organic Act of December 3, 1856 and Regulation 7 January 1857 and since then has convened annually although some temporary interruptions. This is the first institution officially responsible for promoting and publicizing the excellent bibliographical work in Spain were being made while trying to promote the interest of bibliographers and librarians in the history of Spanish literature

Mate Ujević, Croatian writer, lexicographer and encyclopaedist contributed significantly to the development of bibliographical work in Croatia. As his role as a meritorious Croatian bibliographer has not been worthily evaluated, on the occasion of his birth's centenary the author intended to investigate the available published and other sources and attempt to evaluate his main bibliographic achievements and merits. In the field of bibliography Ujević acted as a moving force, organiser, performer of activities and educator, especially during his riper years. He encountered the necessity of recreating the missing Croatian retrospective bibliographies as a young man in his late thirties, while preparing the edition of the Croatian Encyclopaedia. Then he immediately pleaded for the organizing of a systematic compilation of retrospective and current bibliographies of printed books. Although during a shorter period he himself actively took part in the preparation of the Croatian retrospective bibliography of books and the current bibliography of articles in Croatian periodicals, his main bibliographic work is the great retrospective "Bibliography of studies, articles and literary works of the Lexicographic Institute" which he founded and edited from 1951 to his death in 1967. This rich retrospective bibliography of articles published in the South Slavic serial publications from the end of the 18th century to 1945 is, due to a wide selection of serial titles and its excellent indexes, almost unique in the world. In its realisation Ujević managed to accumulate an outstanding quantity of high quality bibliographic material. As an excellent organiser he distributed the collection of data in major libraries in Zagreb, Ljubljana, Belgrade, Dubrovnik, Split, Zadar, Rijeka, Pula, Sarajevo, Subotica, Novi Sad and Skopje. The main editor's office was in Zagreb, and the two additional major co-ordinating centres in Ljubljana and Belgrade. The published 15 volumes of the Bibliography include to this day: literature (7 vols.), history (4 vols.), fine arts (1 vol.) and music (2 vols.) and are irreplaceable sources of bibliographic data to numerous researchers in Croatia and abroad. 1n the last decade of his life Ujević was engaged in teaching bibliography within the postgraduate programme in library and information studies of the University of Zagreb. With this activity he rounded up his prolific activity and contribution to the field of Croatian bibliography.

Dobroslav M. Ruzich (Chachak, July 1, 1854 - Krushevac, October 13, 1918) , a teacher, writer, librarian, member of parliament, senator, minister and councillor of state is a prominent person in the cultural and political life of Serbia in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. On the hundred and fifty anniversary of Ruzich’s birth and publication of his works „Žena i mirisi“ („The Woman and Odours“) (2002) and „Veliki ljudi“ (The Great Men) (2004) the Public Library „Vladislav Petković-Dis“ of Chachak revives the memory of this known and nearly quite forgotten creator. The tempestuous life and rich and versatile creative opus numbering over two hundred literary and scientific works make Ruzich an outstanding representative of his times and ensure him a high place in the national history of the Serbs.

Ljubica Đorđević was an extraordinary Professor at the Philological University of Belgrade in retirement, a librarian of long standing of the Library, Department for Yugoslavian literature, a founder of the Library Seminar, a pedagogue, a bibliographer and a poetess. The paper gives the crucial moments of her dramatic life journey and professional career, and within the overview of her scientifical and professional works, as well her book of poems.

Dragiša Stanojević (1844-1918), Doctor of Law, politician, socialist, publicist and translator, was the Director of the National Library from July, 1897. to September, 1900. During these three years, he took care of the amelioration of the financial situation of the Library, he evaluated the real condition of the Holdings, he looked after the improvement of the quality of acquisitions, he paid special attention regarding the returning of several thousands of publications rented from the Library, and something that was unknown up to today, he was among the first to work on the Law of the National Library in Belgrade, from 1901.

This article features an interview with Jane Greenberg, Associate Professor in the School of Information and Library Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Ms. Greenberg discusses metadata education, her research projects, and the future of the Semantic Web. She describes the Metadata Generation Research and Automatic Metadata Generation Applications projects, the ways library school curricula have changed and will likely change in the near future, and the influence Dublin Core has had on her career.

In December 2003 and January 2004, Anna Creech interviewed four consultants: Marilyn Geller, Helen Henderson, October Ivins, and Judy Luther. Their work focuses on various aspects of the serials industry. They discuss how they became consultants and issues surrounding the changing roles of serials librarians, electronic publishing, scholarly communication, the consolidation of subscription agents, and other aspects of the serials industry.

In this interview, Maija Berndtson, director of the Public Library of Helsinki (Finland), speech of the history and of the current situation of the libraries in Finland.

In this interview, Barbara J. Ford, person in charge of the Public Library of Chicago (United States), explains the importance that the public libraries have in the United Satates at present.

Interview to Pilar Faus in the one that revises her life and her work as a librarian. She was a director of the Biblioteca Pública Provincial de Valencia (Valencian Community - Spain) from 1979.

Interview to Amparo Bou, librarian and librarian's teacher in Valencia (Spain).

An overview of Paul Otlet's work is proposed.

Interview with Luis García Ejarque, Chief of the Technical Office of the National Service of Reading (Spain) from 1958 until 1985, and one of the most important librarians of Spain in the XXth century.

Interview with Amparo Pérez, Director of the Archivo del Reino de Valencia (Spain) from 1976 until 1990 and Director of the Provincial Coordinating Center of Libraries of Valencia (Spain).

Interview to Eliades Acosta, the director of the National Library of Cuba Jose Martí on the occasion of the first centenary of the center.

Interview to Primitivo Gómez Senent in the one that revises his life and that of his father Nicolau Primitiu Gómez Serrano, important valencian bibliophile. The Biblioteca Nicolau Primitiu is considered to be the most important fund of the Biblioteca Valenciana.

María Moliner played a very important role in the national library policy implemented by the Second Republic in Spain, specially in the advancement of public libraries. Her most important contributions were made through the Valencia Branch of the Pedagogical Missions Trust and the Library Section of the Department of Public Instruction. From this position, she created a national library plan.

The history of printing in Antequera between 1573 and 1603 is studied through the analysis of four active printers, their bioraphies and output trying to discover the reasons that contributed to the sudden appearance of printers in the city. Information is provided on the Nebrija family descibing their work in Antequera and differentiating it from their work in Granada, which has been very little studied, and setting it into the context of the printing privileges and economic interests they had. Details are also provided on the work carried out by printers other than the four mentioned in the title.

Interview to Josefa Emilia Sabor, argentinian librarian.

Interview to Pedro Hípola, professor of the Faculty of Librarianship and Information Science of the University of Granada (Spain)

Biography of Bartolomé José Gallardo, librarian.

VESTIGIUM aims to integrate together biographic informaIon, data, digital texts and audiovisuals about relevant personaliIes in the past Century using semanIc technologies

This job is based on an article in which definitions of Bibliography have been registered and have been analyzed qualitatively; the results show the parameters which these definitions contain. Following this, the results are studied by means of statistical and network analysis with the computer program R and Ucinet. The analysis of the network studies the connections between them, understanding as a connection, when the two parameters appear together in a definition. The results lead to the conclusion that it is a symmetrical network, which although presenting structural holes does not contain subgroups and for this reason all the parameters are reachable. Finally this method is proposed as a very useful tool when it comes to managing concepts, at times so difficult to define, as is the case with Bibliography.