33 results on '"GARCÍA-BENAU, MARÍA"'
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2. Carbon management strategy quality in Colombian companies: the influence of the national and regional public sector and company-inherent characteristics
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Rodríguez, Martha Cristina Linares, Gambetta, Nicolás, and García-Benau, María Antonia
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- 2023
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3. The critical role of corporate governance in sustainable development goals prioritisation: A 5 P s-based analysis for emerging economies
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Correa-Mejía, Diego Andrés, García-Benau, Maria Antonia, and Correa-García, Jaime Andrés
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- 2024
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4. Climate action information disclosure in Colombian companies: A regional and sectorial analysis
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Linares-Rodríguez, Martha Cristina, Gambetta, Nicolás, and García-Benau, María Antonia
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- 2023
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5. Carbon management strategy effects on the disclosure and efficiency of carbon emissions: A study of Colombian companies’ context and inherent characteristics
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Linares-Rodríguez, Martha Cristina, Gambetta, Nicolás, and García-Benau, María Antonia
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- 2022
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6. Sustainable development goals and assurance of non-financial information reporting in Spain
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Sierra García, Laura, Bollas-Araya, Helena María, and García Benau, María Antonia
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- 2022
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7. Learning IFRS through MOOC: Student and Graduate Perceptions
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Ospina-Delgado, Julieth E., García-Benau, María A., and Zorio-Grima, Ana
- Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the perceptions held by 623 Colombian students and graduates regarding the learning of IFRS through a MOOC. Data was collected through an online survey and the results were examined via factor analysis. Three main factors were identified: perceived utility; design; and disadvantages. Using multivariate techniques, significant differences regarding gender were found among the respondents' perceptions, women holding a more positive opinion towards learning IFRS via a MOOC. A logit model was implemented to determine how these factors could forecast the demand for an IFRS MOOC by respondents. The research findings deliver interesting insights, especially for researchers and providers of academic offerings in accounting education. This research enables the identification and further prediction of the most relevant features within an IFRS MOOC, considering the context of Southern American countries like Colombia where the training of IFRS via MOOC is not currently widespread.
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- 2021
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8. Intellectual engagements of accounting academics: The ‘forecasted losses' intervention
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Archel, Pablo, Carrasco, Francisco, García-Benau, María Antonia, and Larrinaga, Carlos
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- 2022
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9. Materiality assessment: the case of Latin American listed companies
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Sepúlveda-Alzate, Yully Marcela, García-Benau, María Antonia, and Gómez-Villegas, Mauricio
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- 2022
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10. Corporate governance and its implications for sustainability reporting quality in Latin American business groups
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Correa-Garcia, Jaime Andres, Garcia-Benau, Maria Antonia, and Garcia-Meca, Emma
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- 2020
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11. Stress test impact and bank risk profile: Evidence from macro stress testing in Europe
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Gambetta, Nicolás, García-Benau, María Antonia, and Zorio-Grima, Ana
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- 2019
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12. Understanding the determinants of the magnitude of entity-level risk and account-level risk key audit matters: The case of the United Kingdom
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Sierra-García, Laura, Gambetta, Nicolás, García-Benau, María A., and Orta-Pérez, Manuel
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- 2019
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13. Integrated reports: disclosure level and explanatory factors
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Rivera-Arrubla, Yaismir Adriana, Zorio-Grima, Ana, and García-Benau, María A.
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- 2017
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14. Data analytics in banks' audit: The case of loan loss provisions in Uruguay
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Gambetta, Nicolás, García-Benau, María Antonia, and Zorio-Grima, Ana
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- 2016
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15. Massive Open Online Courses for IFRS Education: A Point of view of Spanish Accounting Educators
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Ospina-Delgado, Julieth, García-Benau, María A., and Zorio-Grima, Ana
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- 2016
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16. Complaints management and bank risk profile
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Gambetta, Nicolás, Zorio-Grima, Ana, and García-Benau, María Antonia
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- 2015
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17. Corporate social responsibility and bank risk profile: evidence from Europe
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Gambetta, Nicolás, García-Benau, María Antonia, and Zorio-Grima, Ana
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- 2017
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18. The Informative Value of Key Audit Matters in the Audit Report: Understanding the Impact of the Audit Firm and KAM Type.
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Gambetta, Nicolás, Sierra‐García, Laura, García‐Benau, María Antonia, and Novejarque‐Civera, Josefina
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AUDITING ,AUDITING procedures ,AUDITORS ,SELF-presentation - Abstract
This paper examines whether the readability (and hence informative value) of key audit matters (KAM) varies according to the audit firm and the KAM type disclosed, a question of vital importance for stakeholders, whose effective decision‐making depends on the quality of information received. Our analysis shows that the informative value of KAM matter and KAM audit procedures varies according to the audit firm responsible. This informative value also depends on whether the KAM is related to entity‐ or accounting‐level risks. This study contributes to the KAM and audit quality literature by showing how these factors impact on the informative value of the expanded audit report. Furthermore, in the context of the agency, institutional and self‐presentation theories and the real effects hypothesis, we discuss auditors' incentives to increase or decrease the informative value of the expanded audit report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. understanding the audit firm and matter type impact
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Gambetta, Nicolás, Sierra García, Laura, García Benau, María Antonia, and Novejarque Civera, Josefina
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KEY AUDIT MATTERS-KAM ,INFORMES DE AUDITORÍA ,AUDITORÍA ,ASUNTOS CLAVES DE AUDITORÍA - Abstract
El documento examina si la legibilidad (y por lo tanto, el valor informativo) de los asuntos claves de auditoría (KAM por sus siglas en inglés) varía según la firma de auditoría y el tipo de KAM revelado, proporcionando así a las partes interesadas una calidad de información diferente para una toma de decisiones efectiva. El análisis muestra que el valor informativo de las descripciones publicadas del KAM y los procedimientos de auditoría realizados para abordar el KAM, varía según la firma de auditoría responsable. Este valor informativo depende también de si los KAM refieren a riesgos a nivel de la entidad o a nivel de los estados financieros. El estudio contribuye a la teoría de las partes interesadas y a la literatura sobre la calidad del informe de auditoría, mostrando cómo las características de la firma auditora y el tipo/contenido del KAM revelado, impactan en el valor informativo del informe de auditoría extendido. Se sugiere además que las firmas auditoras pueden aumentar o disminuir el valor informativo del informe de auditoría según el tipo de KAM revelado.
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- 2022
20. How does the EU non‐financial directive affect the assurance market?
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García‐Sánchez, Isabel‐María, Sierra‐García, Laura, and García‐Benau, María‐Antonia
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ASSURANCE services ,INFORMATION assurance ,CONTRACTING out ,SERVICE contracts ,AUTHORSHIP in literature ,QUALITY assurance - Abstract
The objective of this paper was to determine the impact produced by Directive 2014/95/EU on companies' decisions regarding the assurance of non‐financial information statements and the quality parameters under which this service is contracted. Following an analysis based on institutional theory, the results obtained for the reports issued by an international sample of 600 multinational companies in the period 2011–2018 show that the institutional pressures associated with this Directive contributed to an expansion of the assurance market, although they had only a moderate impact on the contractual conditions of the service. Complementary analyses suggest that the adoption of a limited scope in these assurance services may reflect the conservative outlook of auditors, as providers whose service is favoured in the new scenario. Additionally, we find that the influence of this legal framework is different in the United Kingdom from that in the other European countries. The research contributes to the literature by offering a novel understanding of the behaviour of assurance providers and of the quality of the service obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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21. Sustainable Development, Stakeholder Engagement and Analyst Forecasts’ Accuracy: Positive Evidence from the Spanish Setting
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Garrido Miralles, Pascual, Zorio-Grima, Ana, García-Benau, María A., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, and Contabilidad y Finanzas (CyF)
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GRI ,Analyst forecast ,Economía Financiera y Contabilidad ,Sustainability report ,CSR ,Stakeholder engagement - Abstract
This study looks into the effects of voluntary sustainability reporting in analysts’ earnings forecasts as a driver for sustainable development. The methodology used is based on a regression model to test whether the issuance of a CSR stand-alone report affects analysts’ forecast errors and forecast dispersion. Forecast error refers to the difference between the forecasted earnings per share (EPS) and the actual EPS. Dispersion refers to the standard deviation in EPS forecasts between analysts following the same firm. Our study in the Spanish context includes 527 observations from listed firms and covers the period 2005–2010. We provide evidence that there is a negative statistically significant association between the absolute forecast earnings error and the publication of a sustainability report. However, we find that the CSR reports have lost power in reducing the earnings forecast error if we compare analysts' activity before the financial crisis and during the crisis itself, so we open up a question for future research to check whether this is a consistent trend or whether in times of economic recovery this phenomenon regains power. The main conclusion of this paper points to the importance of sustainable development and stakeholder engagement through the issuance of CSR reports, which can help the smooth running of capital markets in a context of increasing sensitiveness to social responsible investment. Our study in this field is pioneering in the Spanish setting, which is especially interesting given the growing trend to publish CSR reports in this country. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the University of Valencia (ref. UV-INV-AE15-332959).
- Published
- 2016
22. Factores que Condicionan la Elección y el Cambio de Auditor en la Empresa Española
- Author
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García Benau, María Antonia, Ruiz Barbadillo, Emiliano, and Vico Martínez, Antonio
- Subjects
auditor choice ,auditing ,Auditing ,lcsh:HF5601-5689 ,lcsh:Accounting. Bookkeeping ,6 - Ciencias aplicadas::65 - Gestión y organización. Administración y dirección de empresas. Publicidad. Relaciones públicas. Medios de comunicación de masas [CDU] ,Auditor change ,lcsh:Finance ,lcsh:HG1-9999 ,Auditor choice ,Auditoría ,auditor change ,Elección de auditor ,Cambio de auditor - Abstract
En la elección de auditor, así como en la decisión acerca de su cambio, influyen diversos factores y en diferente medida. Aunque en otros países han sido llevados a cabo estudios empíricos con el objeto de determinar los extremos anteriores, hasta la fecha no han sido realizados en nuestro país trabajos que pongan de manifiesto cuáles son las variables que afectan ambas decisiones así como su grado de relevancia. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio empírico en el que se recopilaron las valoraciones expresadas por 60 empresas respecto a 41 factores que fueron propuestos a través de un cuestionario como posibles variables a tener en cuenta a la hora de elegir y cambiar de auditor. Los resultados obtenidos revelan, entre otros aspectos, que en la elección de auditor priman especialmente factores como las características técnicas del servicio y la imagen publica de la firma de auditoria. En el cambio de auditores, sin embargo, influyen especialmente las relaciones mantenidas entre empresa y auditor. There are several factors that influence, in different ways, the decision to choose and change an auditor. Even though empirical research seeking to determine these factors has been carried out in other countries, until now there have no studies in Spain seeking to show which variables affect both decisions and with what degree of significance. This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that brings together the assessments provided by 60 firms, responding to a questionnaire, of 41 possible factors to bear in mind when choosing and changing an auditor. The results obtained indicate, among other things, that factors such as technical characteristics of the auditing service and the public prestige of the audit firm are predominant in choosing an auditor. As regards the decision to change auditors, however, the relationship between firm and auditor is particularly influential.
- Published
- 2000
23. El informe de transparencia de las firmas auditoras: Evidencia del mercado español 2010-2013.
- Author
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Zorio-Grima, Ana, García-Benau, María Antonia, Grau-Grau, Alfredo J., and Paredes-Ojeda, Floralba
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Este trabajo analiza los Informes Anuales de Transparencia publicados en España en 2010, tras la aprobación de la Ley 12/2010 de Auditoría de Cuentas (LAC), y en 2013, tras la publicación del Reglamento de la LAC y las nuevas propuestas europeas. Los resultados de esta investigación, pionera en nuestro país, evidencian un nivel de transparencia elevado en los items de divulgación obligatoria según la normativa y en aumento de 2010 a 2013. No obstante, se reduce la presentación de información voluntaria en 2013. Nuestro estudio revela que las firmas más grandes y menos dependientes de los ingresos por servicios de consultoría son las que presentan mayor transparencia informativa en sus Informes Anuales de Transparencia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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24. Massive open online courses in higher education: A data analysis of the MOOC supply.
- Author
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Ospina-Delgado, Julieth E., Zorio-Grima, Ana, and García-Benau, María A.
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MASSIVE open online courses ,HIGHER education ,DATA analysis ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,WEBOMETRICS - Abstract
Copyright of Intangible Capital is the property of Omnia Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2016
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25. Sustainable Development, Stakeholder Engagement and Analyst Forecasts' Accuracy: Positive Evidence from the Spanish Setting.
- Author
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Garrido‐Miralles, Pascual, Zorio‐Grima, Ana, and García‐Benau, María A.
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SUSTAINABLE development ,ECONOMIC development ,AGRICULTURAL development ,STAKEHOLDER analysis ,STAKEHOLDER theory - Abstract
This study looks into the effects of voluntary sustainability reporting in analysts' earnings forecasts as a driver for sustainable development. The methodology used is based on a regression model to test whether the issuance of a CSR stand-alone report affects analysts' forecast errors and forecast dispersion. Forecast error refers to the difference between the forecasted earnings per share (EPS) and the actual EPS. Dispersion refers to the standard deviation in EPS forecasts between analysts following the same firm. Our study in the Spanish context includes 527 observations from listed firms and covers the period 2005-2010. We provide evidence that there is a negative statistically significant association between the absolute forecast earnings error and the publication of a sustainability report. However, we find that the CSR reports have lost power in reducing the earnings forecast error if we compare analysts' activity before the financial crisis and during the crisis itself, so we open up a question for future research to check whether this is a consistent trend or whether in times of economic recovery this phenomenon regains power. The main conclusion of this paper points to the importance of sustainable development and stakeholder engagement through the issuance of CSR reports, which can help the smooth running of capital markets in a context of increasing sensitiveness to social responsible investment. Our study in this field is pioneering in the Spanish setting, which is especially interesting given the growing trend to publish CSR reports in this country. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Stakeholder Engagement, Corporate Social Responsibility and Integrated Reporting: An Exploratory Study.
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Sierra‐García, Laura, Zorio‐Grima, Ana, and García‐Benau, María A.
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STAKEHOLDERS ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,INTEGRATED reporting (Corporation reports) ,ECONOMIC models ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
There is increasing interest in integrated reporting that includes the company's financial, governance, environmental, and social performance. For this reason, the main objective of this investigation is to study why companies are producing integrated reporting, paying special attention to the links with the assurance of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) report. Based on 7144 worldwide observations, this study identifies the determinants of integrated reporting through a logistic regression model. Our results point out that the likelihood of disclosing an integrated report is positively associated with having the CSR report assured, year, size and supplement industry. Next, we tested if companies that assure their CSR report are also affected by those determining variables. This research is pioneering in analysing the determinants of integrated reporting and as far as we know no existing research has examined the links between integrated reporting and the assurance of CSR reports. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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27. Chapter 5 - Forever Destined to be Extras in a Broadway Show? A Discussion on the Status of National Accounting Research in an International Arena
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García-Benau, María Antonia and Laínez-Gadea, José Antonio
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- 2004
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28. Sustainable Development and Assurance of Corporate Social Responsibility Reports Published by Ibex-35 Companies.
- Author
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Sierra, Laura, Zorio, Ana, and García‐Benau, María A.
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE development ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,STAKEHOLDERS ,DECISION making ,INDUSTRIAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL engineering - Abstract
ABSTRACT Spain is the world's leading country as regards corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting (KPMG, 2011). In addition, Spain is taking new initiatives with regard to environmental policy, sustainable development, and stakeholder engagement in accordance with Law 2/2011.This is why we choose Spain as the setting to analyze whether the determinants for external assurance posited by existing literature (industry, size, profitability, leverage) have an impact on the decision of companies to assure their CSR reports. Our study is a pioneer in the sense that it investigates the possible links between the auditor of the annual report and the provider of assurance. The results of this study indicate that assurance of CSR reporting depends on the size, leverage, and profitability of the company. We find that the sustainability assurance market is dominated by the Big-4 firms, who develop different strategies in this field. Finally, we find that the decision to hire an auditor to perform sustainability assurance sometimes depends on the industry. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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29. Audit quality and the going-concern decision-making process: Spanish evidence.
- Author
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Ruiz-Barbadillo †, Emiliano, Gómez-Aguilar, Nieves, De Fuentes-Barberá, Cristina, and García-Benau, María Antonia
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GOING concern (Accounting) ,AUDITORS' reports ,QUALITY ,AUDITING ,DECISION making - Abstract
In this study, we attempt empirically to investigate the relationship between audit quality and the probability that a financially distressed company would receive a going-concern opinion. Auditor decision-making in the presence of going-concern uncertainties may be characterized as a two-stage process. The first stage is the identification of a potential going-concern problem and the second stage is to determine whether the particular company should receive a qualified going-concern opinion. A sample of 1,199 non-financial Spanish company-years has been obtained from the database issued by the Stock Exchange National Commission for the fiscal years ending between December 1991 and December 2000. The results indicate that audit quality (measured by the auditor's level of independence and knowledge) affects the probability that a financially distressed company would receive a going-concern opinion. This probability is influenced not only by the auditor's ability to detect financial uncertainties, but also by the auditor's decision-making as to what type of opinion should be finally issued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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30. Financial Risk Management and Sustainability.
- Author
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García-Benau, María Antonia, Gambetta, Nicolás, and Sierra-García, Laura
- Abstract
The next contribution by [[7]] evaluates sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) performance through annual reports and voluntary sustainable development reports and examines the relationship between SEP performance and firm-specific risk of Thai listed companies from 2013 to 2018. The next contribution by [[13]] investigates the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the maturity mismatch of investment and financing from the perspective of both polluting and non-polluting companies. Finally, [[17]] explores how CSR moderates the relationship between corporate governance and firms' financial performance in a sample of 3400 Shanghai Stock Exchange listed firms, based on yearly observations from 2009 to 2018. In the last decades, the studies that analyze the links between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in developed countries show mixed and inconclusive results, so additional research is required [[1], [3]]. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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31. Financial Institutions' Risk Profile and Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals.
- Author
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Gambetta, Nicolás, Azcárate-Llanes, Fernando, Sierra-García, Laura, and García-Benau, María Antonia
- Abstract
This study analyses the impact of Spanish financial institutions' risk profile on their contribution to the 2030 Agenda. Financial institutions play a significant role in ensuring financial inclusion and sustainable economic growth and usually incorporate environmental and social considerations into their risk management systems. The results show that financial institutions with less capital risk, with lower management efficiency and with higher market risk usually make higher contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), according to their sustainability reports. The novel aspect of the present study is that it identifies the risk profile of financial institutions that incorporate sustainability into their business operations and measure the impact generated in the environment and in society. The study findings have important implications for shareholders, investors and analysts, according to the view that sustainability reporting is a vehicle that financial institutions use to express their commitment to the 2030 Agenda and to higher quality corporate reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Exploring Twitter for CSR Disclosure: Influence of CEO and Firm Characteristics in Latin American Companies.
- Author
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Suárez-Rico, Yuli Marcela, Gómez-Villegas, Mauricio, and García-Benau, María Antonia
- Abstract
Social networks, which are characterised by accessibility and interactivity, offer great potential for dialogue between companies and stakeholders, for example as platforms for publishing information on aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this paper, we use a synthetic index to analyse levels of CSR disclosure via Twitter, and identify explanatory variables of this disclosure by studying the demographic characteristics of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and of the company. This synthetic index was based on data for 93 companies located in the four countries of the Pacific Alliance (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru), using categories based on the 2016 Global Reporting Initave (GRI) Standards. The tweets were compiled during a period of two months in 2017, immediately before and after the publication of each CSR report. The synthetic index was taken as the dependent variable and used as the basis for multivariate regression analysis to identify the relationship between the level of CSR disclosure on Twitter and the characteristics of the firm and its CEO. The results obtained show that firms operating in environmentally-sensitive industries present higher levels of CSR disclosure on Twitter than those in other sectors. By country of origin, the Colombian and Chilean companies offered higher levels of disclosure than those in Mexico and Peru. The regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between the firm operating in a sensitive industry and its level of CSR disclosure on Twitter, and an inverse relationship between the latter variable and the tenure of the CEO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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33. Risk management in the banking industry
- Author
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Gambetta Lopassio, Nicolás, García Benau, María Antonia, Zorio Grima, Ana, Departament de Comptabilitat, and Zorio-Grima, Ana
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capital structure ,banking ,global reporting initiative ,CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS::Actividad económica::Dinero y operaciones bancarias [UNESCO] ,risk management ,complaints ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS::Actividad económica::Dinero y operaciones bancarias ,financial services sector ,gri ,basel ,complaints management ,developed markets ,camels approach ,bank risk profile ,central bank ,CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS::Economía sectorial::Finanzas y seguros [UNESCO] ,corporate social responsibility ,emerging markets ,target capital ratio ,prudential regulation ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS::Economía sectorial::Finanzas y seguros ,reputation ,banking regulation ,stress test ,sustainability report ,csr - Abstract
El negocio bancario está altamente regulado porque las instituciones financieras captan ahorro público y tienen riesgos específicos y complejidades que hacen que sus estados financieros sean opacos y difíciles de analizar por el público en general (Petrella y Resti, 2013; Morgan, 2001). Para entender y monitorear los riesgos específicos en las empresas del sector financiero, el regulador estadounidense diseñó el sistema de evaluación CAMELS, que es comúnmente utilizado por los reguladores de todo el mundo para evaluar la solidez de las instituciones financieras y para evaluar el nivel de riesgo de los bancos (Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 2013). Los riesgos que este enfoque evalúa son los riesgos específicos de las instituciones financieras, es decir, el riesgo de capital, la calidad de activos, las habilidades de gestión, el nivel de ingresos y rentabilidad, el riesgo de liquidez y la sensibilidad al riesgo de mercado. El enfoque CAMELS no sólo se utiliza en los EE.UU., sino que tiene una proyección más internacional siendo el enfoque utilizado por los reguladores de todo el mundo. Un ejemplo es el método de control utilizado por el Banco de España (el regulador español) denominado Risk-Based Supervisory Methodology Approach basado en el sistema de evaluación CAMELS. Este método ayuda a evaluar qué instituciones son más propensas a desarrollar problemas en el futuro, con el fin de dedicar recursos adicionales de supervisión y para prevenir futuras crisis (Banco de España, 2011). En esta tesis doctoral utilizados el enfoque CAMELS como subrogado del perfil de riesgo de las instituciones financieras. El Capítulo 2 de esta tesis doctoral aborda empíricamente el perfil de riesgo de los bancos que reciben un impacto más negativo en las pruebas de estrés de la UE, el perfil de riesgo de los bancos que utilizan la información proporcionada por los resultados de las pruebas de estrés publicados para modificar su Tier 1 capital ratio y el perfil de riesgo de los bancos que muestran una brecha más pequeña entre el ratio de capital actual y el objetivo. Los resultados de este capítulo proporcionan respuestas a las preguntas de investigación 1, 2 y 3 (H1, H2 y H3, respectivamente) que coinciden con el Objetivo de Investigación 1. El perfil de riesgo de los banco es representado por el enfoque de riesgo CAMELS. La muestra incluye a los bancos destinatarios de la prueba de estrés de la UE del 2011 llevado a cabo por la EBA con datos financieros disponibles para los años 2010, 2011 y 2012. Para probar H1 y H2 del estudio se utilizan modelos de regresión lineal y para probar H3 el estudio utiliza el Método Generalizado de Momentos (GMM). En el Capítulo 3 se examina empíricamente cómo los bancos en los mercados desarrollados y emergentes ajustan su estructura de capital, el ratio de capital que usan los bancos en estos mercados para tomar decisiones, el riesgo moral de desvío de riesgos en estos mercados y los factores determinantes de la brecha entre el ratios de capital objetivo y actual y la relación entre el perfil de riesgo y las velocidades de ajuste correspondiente en ambos mercados, lo que está asociado a las preguntas de investigación de 4 a 8 (H1, H2, H3 y H4, respectivamente) y al Objetivos de Investigación 2. El perfil de riesgo de los banco es representado por el enfoque de riesgo CAMELS. La muestra incluye bancos de los mercados emergentes y desarrollados con datos financieros disponibles para el período 2008-2013. La muestra de bancos de mercados emergentes incluye a los bancos de América Latina (LAC), mientras que la muestra de bancos de mercados desarrollados incluye a los bancos de la Unión Europea (UE). Para probar H1 y H2 se utiliza el Método Generalizado de Momentos y para probar H3 y H4 se utilizan modelos de regresión lineal. En el Capítulo 4 de la tesis se investiga empíricamente el impacto que el perfil de riesgo de los bancos europeos tiene sobre la propensión a emitir informes de sostenibilidad y la calidad de la información incluida en dichos informes en los bancos abarcados por la prueba de estrés realizada en la UE en el 2014. Los resultados de este capítulo proporcionan respuestas a las preguntas de investigación 9 y 10 (H1 y H2, respectivamente) que coinciden con el Objetivo de Investigación 3. El perfil de riesgo de los banco es representado por el enfoque de riesgo CAMELS. La investigación empírica se realiza sobre una muestra de la muestra de bancos alcanzados por la prueba de estrés realizada en la UE en el 2014 con información disponible en el periodo 2011-2013. Para probar H1 y H2 el estudio utiliza modelos de regresión lineal. El Capítulo 5 de la tesis investiga empíricamente la relación en entre el perfil de riesgo de las instituciones financieras españolas y la propensión a enmendar o rectificar los errores que se derivan de las quejas y reclamaciones de los usuarios de servicios financieros. Los resultados de este capítulo proporcionan respuestas a las preguntas de investigación 11 y 12 (H1 y H2, respectivamente), que coincide con el Objetivo de Investigación 4. El perfil de riesgo de los banco es representado por el enfoque de riesgo CAMELS. La muestra incluye las instituciones españolas con información pública disponible para el perído 2005-2012. Para probar H1 y H2 el estudio utilizan modelos de regresión lineal. En el Capítulo 6 se investiga empíricamente el impacto que tiene perfil de riesgo de la IF con su reputación. Los resultados de este capítulo proporcionan respuesta a la pregunta de investigación 13 (H1) que coincide con el Objetivo de Investigación 5. El perfil de riesgo de los banco es representado por el enfoque de riesgo CAMELS. La muestra incluye las instituciones financieras españolas reguladas por el Banco de España, con información disponible para el periodo 2005-2012. En base a la información publicada por el Banco de España respecto de las reclamaciones y quejas presentadas por los clientes de las instituciones financieras, definimos los bancos de mala reputación como el las instituciones financieras que se encuentran entre las diez primeras empresas que recibieron el mayor número de reclamaciones y quejas durante el año. Para probar H1 y H2 del estudio utiliza modelos de regresión lineal. This thesis is presented in six chapters. The structure and content of each chapter is as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the research topic, motivation, objectives and the importance of the thesis. The first chapter also articulates the main research questions and the context of the study. Chapter 2 presents the literature review, research design and methodology, results and conclusions related to stress test and bank risk profile: does stress testing play a disciplinary and informational role to adjust the capital ratio? Under the theory that individual financial institutions and regulators use stress tests as a risk management tool, results show that financial institutions with certain risk profile receive a more negative impact in the stress test performed by the regulator and modify their capital ratio through risk shifting. The findings also show evidence that regulatory stress tests play a disciplinary role in determining bank’s target capital ratio. Chapter 3 presents the literature review, research design and methodology, results and conclusions related to capital structure adjustment and risk shifting moral hazard: the bank opacity effect in emerging markets. Results show that Latin America & The Caribbean (LAC) banks adjust different sets of accounting indicators, which are determined following central bank and accounting policies, to compute their Tier 1 Capital Ratio (T1CR) and Total Capital Ratio (TCR) because there is no other available information to consider in the calculation due to the higher opacity in emerging markets. On the contrary, EU banks count with additional information in a more transparent market and adjust their capital ratios according to additional information and not on accounting information. We also find stronger evidence of risk shifting moral hazard in LAC banks than in EU banks, because even though in both markets some banks’ specific characteristics determine the risk level, only in LAC the T1CR adjusts differently than TCR. Finally, the results also provide evidence that even though LAC banks have larger capital buffers, they are much riskier than EU banks. Chapter 4 presents the literature review, research design and methodology, results and conclusions related to corporate social responsibility and bank risk profile: Evidence from Europe. Financial institutions with lower capital risk, higher liquidity risk, higher profitability in the banking business and higher sensitivity to market risk tend to issue a corporate social responsibility report (CSR). Among the financial institutions that issue a CSR report, the ones with lower profitability in the banking business disclose higher quality CSR financial services sector specific information while the ones that get their CSR report assured by PwC and EY or that do not get the report assured do the opposite. Chapter 5 presents the literature review, research design and methodology, results and conclusions related to complaints management and bank risk profile. The main results show that financial institutions usually “amending” errors have a different risk profile from those usually “rectifying” errors. This research may help regulators monitor financial institutions. Chapter 6 presents the literature review, research design and methodology, results and conclusions related to reputation loss and risk management in the banking industry. Results show that financial institutions with large and complex business structures, with significant amounts of loans and liquid assets booked, with low capitalization level, that are highly profitable in the banking business and that issue a sustainability report, are at risk of losing reputation if they are not able to have an appropriate risk management system. Chapter 7 presents the general conclusions of the thesis.
- Published
- 2016
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