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5 results on '"Fusariosi"'

1. Posaconazole: An Update of Its Clinical Use

Author

Simon Leung, Mara N. Poulakos, and Jade Machin

Subjects
posaconazole, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, crytococcus neoformans, Candida, aspergillus, fusariosi, neutropenia, candidiasis, graft-versus-host, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

Posaconazole (PCZ) is a relatively new addition to the azole antifungals. It has fungicidal activities against Aspergillus fumigatus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, selected Candida species, Crytopcoccus neoformans, and Trichosporon. PCZ also has fungistatic activities against Candida, Coccidioides, selected Fusarium spp., Histoplasma, Scedosporium and Zygomycetes. In addition, combining the drug with caspofungin or amphotericin B results in a synergistic interaction against A. fumigatus, C. glabrata and C. neoformans. The absorption of PCZ suspension is enhanced when given with food, nutritional supplements, and carbonated beverages. Oral administration of PCZ in divided doses also increases its bioavailability. PCZ has a large volume of distribution and is highly protein bound (>95%). The main elimination route of PCZ is fecal. PCZ is an inhibitor of the CYP3A4 enzyme; therefore, monitoring for drug-drug interactions is warranted with other CYP3A4 substrates/inhibitors/inducers. The most common adverse effects include headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and elevated hepatic enzymes. PCZ, with its unique antifungal activities, expands the azole class of antifungal agents. Because of its limit in formulation, PCZ oral suspension is recommended in immunocompromised patients with functional gastrointestinaltracts who fail conventional antifungal therapies or who are suspected to have a breakthrough fungal infection. However, a delayed-release tablet formulation and intravenous (IV) injection became available in 2014, expanding the use of PCZ in other patient populations, including individuals who are unable to take oral formulations.

Published
2015
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2. Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamic analysis of isavuconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against clinical isolates of aspergillosis, mucormycosis, fusariosis, and phaeohyphomycosis

Author

Nathaniel D. Albert, Sebastian Wurster, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Nicholas D. Beyda, Russell E. Lewis, Lewis R.E., Wurster S., Beyda N.D., Albert N.D., and Kontoyiannis D.P.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Fusariosis, Mucorales, Posaconazole, Antifungal Agents, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mucormycosi, Aspergillosis, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Species Specificity, Fusariosi, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antifungal therapy, Voriconazole, biology, business.industry, Isavuconazole, Mold pathogen, Mucormycosis, Fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, Triazoles, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Phaeohyphomycosis, Infectious Diseases, Mycoses, Pharmacodynamics, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

We compared the in vitro pharmacodynamics of isavuconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against 92 clinical isolates from documented cases of invasive aspergillosis, mucormycosis, fusariosis, and phaeohyphomycosis. Whereas inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of these triazoles were predictably similar with the exception of Mucorales, isavuconazole appeared to have improved pharmacodynamics against Fusarium solani.

Published
2019

3. Pyramiding into durum and bread wheat fusarium head blight resistance and other useful traits from Thinopyrum ponticum

Author

Kuzmanović, Ljiljana, Gennaro, Andrea, Bitti, Alessandra, and Ceoloni, Carla

Subjects
Chromosome engineering, Triticum durum, Fusariosi, Triticum aestivum, food and beverages, Ingegneria cromosomica, Wheat scab
Abstract

In recent years, Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) has become a serious problem in wheat cultivation even in areas where it was not previously present, Italy included. The severity of disease impact on grain quality and yield, and the lack of resistant cultivars within adapted germplasm, stimulated worldwide breeding efforts to develop FHB resistant wheats. In order to exploit the available genetic variability of wheat relatives, we used the wild species Thinopyrum ponticum as a source of FHB resistance to be introduced into bread and durum wheats. The ultimate goal is to pyramid the FHB resistance gene(s) with other useful genes already transferred from a different accession of the same species (Lr19+Yp, leaf rust resistance and yellow endosperm pigmentation, respectively). To this aim, suitable polymorphic DNA markers have been identified in the region of interest which facilitate the follow-up of desired alleles in the course of the multi-targeted transfer process.

Published
2009

4. Posaconazole: An Update of Its Clinical Use.

Author

Leung S, Poulakos MN, and Machin J

Abstract

Posaconazole (PCZ) is a relatively new addition to the azole antifungals. It has fungicidal activities against Aspergillus fumigatus , Blastomyces dermatitidis , selected Candida species, Crytopcoccus neoformans , and Trichosporon . PCZ also has fungistatic activities against Candida , Coccidioides , selected Fusarium spp., Histoplasma , Scedosporium and Zygomycetes. In addition, combining the drug with caspofungin or amphotericin B results in a synergistic interaction against A. fumigatus , C. glabrata and C. neoformans . The absorption of PCZ suspension is enhanced when given with food, nutritional supplements, and carbonated beverages. Oral administration of PCZ in divided doses also increases its bioavailability. PCZ has a large volume of distribution and is highly protein bound (>95%). The main elimination route of PCZ is fecal. PCZ is an inhibitor of the CYP3A4 enzyme; therefore, monitoring for drug-drug interactions is warranted with other CYP3A4 substrates/inhibitors/inducers. The most common adverse effects include headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and elevated hepatic enzymes. PCZ, with its unique antifungal activities, expands the azole class of antifungal agents. Because of its limit in formulation, PCZ oral suspension is recommended in immunocompromised patients with functional gastrointestinaltracts who fail conventional antifungal therapies or who are suspected to have a breakthrough fungal infection. However, a delayed-release tablet formulation and intravenous (IV) injection became available in 2014, expanding the use of PCZ in other patient populations, including individuals who are unable to take oral formulations.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Radiologic findings of Fusarium pneumonia in neutropenic patients

Author

Russel Edward Lewis, Nicola Vianelli, Marta Stanzani, Giuseppe Battista, Michele Cavo, Antonio Poerio, Claudia Sassi, Andrea Tarsi, Sassi, Claudia, Stanzani, Marta, Lewis, Russell E., Vianelli, Nicola, Tarsi, Andrea, Poerio, Antonio, Cavo, Michele, and Battista, Giuseppe

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Fusariosis, Ethmoid Sinusitis, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Neutropenia, 030106 microbiology, Dermatology, Aspergillosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Immunocompromised Host, 03 medical and health sciences, Fusarium, Fusariosi, medicine, Humans, Mucormycosis, Immunodepression, Sinusitis, Lung, Halo sign, Aged, Lung Diseases, Fungal, business.industry, Opportunistic pneumonia, Pneumonia, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Paranasal sinuses, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infectious Diseases, Female, medicine.symptom, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, CT-computed tomography, Invasive Fungal Infections
Abstract

In neutropenic patients, lungs are involved in 50%-80% of cases of fusariosis, but imaging of pulmonary fusariosis has been previously described as indistinguishable from other invasive mould diseases. Our attempt was to identify a radiological pattern that may distinguish pulmonary fusariosis from other mould diseases. We examined the CT findings of nine neutropenic haematology patients with invasive fusariosis. As control group for comparison, we examined 14 invasive mould diseases (11 aspergillosis, 3 mucormycosis) in haematology patients with similar underlying disease and timing of CT imaging. Chest-CT in invasive fusariosis showed small airways (7/9) or peribronchial (5/9) infiltrates, less frequently macronodular consolidations (4/9) with hypodense sign, but without halo sign or occluded-vessel sign. The control group presented macronodular consolidations with occluded-vessel sign in all of the cases; the halo and the hypodense signs were observed, respectively, in 100% and 82% of aspergillosis, and in 67% and 100% of mucormycosis. Sinusitis was documented by CT in 7/7 fusariosis, 2/2 mucormycosis and 5/7 aspergillosis; maxillary and ethmoid sinuses were involved in 7/7 fusariosis, in most of the cases with hyperdense opacification (rarely observed in the controls). We concluded that no radiological findings can discriminate between different mould infections, but invasive fusariosis should be suspected if chest-CT demonstrates pulmonary infiltrates with the hypodense sign, but without the halo or the occluded-vessel signs. Suspicion is greater in the presence of hyperdense maxillary and ethmoid sinusitis.

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