4 results on '"Fiorenza Lotti"'
Search Results
2. Invasive Intraneural Interfaces: Foreign Body Reaction Issues
- Author
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Fiorenza Lotti, Federico Ranieri, Gianluca Vadalà, Loredana Zollo, and Giovanni Di Pino
- Subjects
foreign body reaction ,invasive neural interface ,peripheral nerve stimulation ,intraneural electrodes ,neural interfaced prostheses ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Intraneural interfaces are stimulation/registration devices designed to couple the peripheral nervous system (PNS) with the environment. Over the last years, their use has increased in a wide range of applications, such as the control of a new generation of neural-interfaced prostheses. At present, the success of this technology is limited by an electrical impedance increase, due to an inflammatory response called foreign body reaction (FBR), which leads to the formation of a fibrotic tissue around the interface, eventually causing an inefficient transduction of the electrical signal. Based on recent developments in biomaterials and inflammatory/fibrotic pathologies, we explore and select the biological solutions that might be adopted in the neural interfaces FBR context: modifications of the interface surface, such as organic and synthetic coatings; the use of specific drugs or molecular biology tools to target the microenvironment around the interface; the development of bio-engineered-scaffold to reduce immune response and promote interface-tissue integration. By linking what we believe are the major crucial steps of the FBR process with related solutions, we point out the main issues that future research has to focus on: biocompatibility without losing signal conduction properties, good reproducible in vitro/in vivo models, drugs exhaustion and undesired side effects. The underlined pros and cons of proposed solutions show clearly the importance of a better understanding of all the molecular and cellular pathways involved and the need of a multi-target action based on a bio-engineered combination approach.
- Published
- 2017
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3. Human motor cortex functional changes in acute stroke: gender effects
- Author
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Giovanni Di Pino, Federico Ranieri, Vincenzo Di Lazzaro, Fiorenza Lotti, Giovanni Pellegrino, Lucia Florio, and Fioravante Capone
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Stimulation ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,transcranial magnetic stimulation ,rTMS ,medicine ,gender ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Stroke ,Balance (ability) ,Original Research ,Psychiatry ,theta burst stimulation ,General Neuroscience ,plasticity, LTP, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS, theta burst stimulation ,repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Long-term potentiation ,medicine.disease ,stroke ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,acute cerebral infarction ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,plasticity ,Laterality ,Cardiology ,neurophysiology ,LTP ,Stroke recovery ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Motor cortex - Abstract
The acute phase of stroke is accompanied by functional changes in the activity and interplay of both hemispheres. In healthy subjects, gender is known to impact the functional brain organization.We investigated whether gender influences also acute stroke functional changes. In thirty-five ischemic stroke patients, we evaluated the excitability of the affected (AH) and unaffected hemisphere (UH) by measuring resting and active motor threshold and motor-evoked potential amplitude under baseline conditions and after intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of AH. We also computed an index of the excitability balance between the hemispheres, laterality indexes (LI), to evidence hemispheric asymmetry. Active motor threshold differed significantly between AH and UH only in the male group (p=0.004), not in females (p>0.200), and both LIAMT and LIRMT were significantly higher in males than in females (respectively p=0.033 and p=0.042). LTP-like activity induced by iTBS in AH was more frequent in females. Gender influences the functional excitability changes that take place after human stroke and the level of LTP that can be induced by repetitive stimulation. This knowledge is of high value in the attempt of individualizing to different genders any non-invasive stimulation strategy designed to foster stroke recovery.
- Published
- 2016
4. Therapeutic targeting of Chk1 in NSCLC stem cells during chemotherapy
- Author
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S Svensson, Rosanna Dattilo, Cinzia Rinaldo, S Martinelli, Fiorenza Lotti, Adriana Eramo, Emanuela Pilozzi, S Navarra, Marcello Maugeri-Saccà, R De Maria, Paolo Romania, M Patrizii, Marco Biffoni, Ann Zeuner, Enrico Duranti, Michele Signore, and Monica Bartucci
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Mice, SCID ,Deoxycytidine ,Mice ,Mice, Inbred NOD ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Mitotic catastrophe ,Cultured ,Blotting ,Cell Cycle ,chemoresistance ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell cycle ,Chk1 inhibitors ,Tumor Cells ,Neoplastic Stem Cells ,Female ,lung cancer stem cells ,Western ,medicine.drug ,Cell Survival ,Blotting, Western ,Biology ,SCID ,Cancer stem cell ,Settore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,CHEK1 ,Lung cancer ,mitotic catastrophe ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Cisplatin ,Chemotherapy ,Original Paper ,DNA damage ,Checkpoint Kinase 1 ,DNA Damage ,Protein Kinases ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Cell Biology ,Carcinoma ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Gemcitabine ,respiratory tract diseases ,chk1 inhibitors ,dna damage ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,Inbred NOD - Abstract
Cancer stem cell (SC) chemoresistance may be responsible for the poor clinical outcome of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In order to identify the molecular events that contribute to NSCLC chemoresistance, we investigated the DNA damage response in SCs derived from NSCLC patients. We found that after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs NSCLC-SCs undergo cell cycle arrest, thus allowing DNA damage repair and subsequent cell survival. Activation of the DNA damage checkpoint protein kinase (Chk) 1 was the earliest and most significant event detected in NSCLC-SCs treated with chemotherapy, independently of their p53 status. In contrast, a weak Chk1 activation was found in differentiated NSCLC cells, corresponding to an increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs as compared with their undifferentiated counterparts. The use of Chk1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy dramatically reduced NSCLC-SC survival in vitro by inducing premature cell cycle progression and mitotic catastrophe. Consistently, the co-administration of the Chk1 inhibitor AZD7762 and chemotherapy abrogated tumor growth in vivo, whereas chemotherapy alone was scarcely effective. Such increased efficacy in the combined use of Chk1 inhibitors and chemotherapy was associated with a significant reduction of NSCLC-SCs in mouse xenografts. Taken together, these observations support the clinical evaluation of Chk1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy for a more effective treatment of NSCLC.
- Published
- 2012
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