9 results on '"Falorni, Pierluigi"'
Search Results
2. Numerical Design and Experimental Validation of a Plastic 3D-Printed Waveguide Antenna for Shallow Object Microwave Imaging
- Author
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Bossi, Luca, Falorni, Pierluigi, Priori, Saverio, Olmi, Roberto, and Capineri, Lorenzo
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Error assessment of microwave holography inversion for shallow buried objects
- Author
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Vivoli, Emanuele, Bossi, Luca, Bertini, Marco, Falorni, Pierluigi, and Capineri, Lorenzo
- Subjects
Image and Video Processing (eess.IV) ,FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
Holographic imaging is a technique that uses microwave energy to create a three-dimensional image of an object or scene. This technology has potential applications in land mine detection, as the long-wavelength microwave energy can penetrate the ground and create an image of hidden objects without the need for direct physical contact. However, the inversion algorithms commonly used to digitally reconstruct 3D images from holographic images, such as Convolution, Angular Spectrum, and Fresnel, are known to have limitations and can introduce errors in the reconstructed image. Despite these challenges, the use of holographic radar at around 2 GHz in combination with holographic imaging techniques for land mine detection allows to recover size and shape of buried objects. In this paper, we estimate the reconstruction error for the convolution algorithm based on hologram imaging simulation and assess these errors recommending an increase in the scanner area, considering the limitations that the system has and the expected error reduction., accepted at IWA-GPR
- Published
- 2023
4. Versatile Electronics for Microwave Holographic RADAR Based on Software Defined Radio Technology.
- Author
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Bossi, Luca, Falorni, Pierluigi, and Capineri, Lorenzo
- Subjects
COHERENT radar ,SOFTWARE radio ,SCANNING systems ,RADIO technology ,MATERIALS handling ,GROUND penetrating radar ,NONDESTRUCTIVE testing - Abstract
The NATO SPS G-5014 project has shown the possibility of using a holographic RADAR for the detection of anti-personnel mines. To use the RADAR on a robotic scanning system, it must be portable, light, easily integrated with mechanical handling systems and configurable in its operating parameters for optimal performance on different terrains. The novel contribution is to use software programmable electronics to optimize performance and to use a time reference to obtain synchronization between the RADAR samples and the position in space, in order to make it easy to integrate the RADAR on robotic platforms. To achieve these goals we used the Analog Devices "ADALM Pluto" device based on Software Defined Radio technology and a time server. We have obtained a portable system, configurable via software in all its operating parameters and easily integrated on robotic scanning platforms. The paper will show experiments performed on a simulated minefield. The electronics project reported in this work makes holographic RADARs portable and easily reconfigurable, therefore adaptable to different applications from subsurface soil investigations to applications in the field of non-destructive testings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The detection of buried pipes from time-of-flight radar data
- Author
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Borgioli, Giovanni, Capineri, Lorenzo, Falorni, PierLuigi, Matucci, Serena, and Windsor, Colin G.
- Subjects
Algorithms -- Usage ,Ground penetrating radar -- Design and construction ,Electronic data processing -- Methods ,Underground pipe lines -- Identification and classification ,Transformations (Mathematics) -- Evaluation ,Algorithm ,Business ,Earth sciences ,Electronics and electrical industries - Abstract
Ultrawideband radar is commonly used in the frequency range of 50-500 MHz to detect buried pipes at a depth of about 1-2 m depending on the soil characteristics. The typical feature used to locate the pipes is the hyperbolic pattern of the time of flight generated by a linear scan of the antenna above the surface. When the pipes are close together, the hyperbolas overlap, anda straightforward least squares fit is not possible. The Hough transform provides one possible solution. This paper extends the Hough transform by introducing a weighting factor depending on the differentials of the unknown parameters with respect to the experimental errors, namely, the probe position error and the time-of-flight error. This enables optimally placed sets of data pairs to be given greater weight than 'ill-conditioned' sets, as for example when all data pairs lie near one end of the arc. The result is a decrease in the background amplitude with respect to the maximum of the peaks in the Hough accumulator space. It is shown that this improvement persists even when many arcs are present. A mathematical analysis with analytical results is given for the case of four unknowns: pipe radius R, pipe center position (Y, Z), and soil propagation velocity V. The results are presented through simulations introducing controlled uncertainties in the probe position, the time of flight, and its bin size. The simulations demonstrate the correlations that occur between the radius, depth, and velocity for given experimental uncertainties. Index Terms--Algorithms, buried objects, equations, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), Hough transforms, radar data processing, radar measurements.
- Published
- 2008
6. Performance comparison for the detection of defects in thermal insulating materials using microwave holograms acquired manually and with a robotized scanner.
- Author
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Bossi, Luca, Falorni, Pierluigi, and Capineri, Lorenzo
- Subjects
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THERMAL insulation , *MICROWAVE materials , *COHERENT radar , *MICROWAVE drying , *SCANNING systems , *HOLOGRAPHY , *METAL coating , *OPTICAL scanners - Abstract
In many cryogenic systems, during useful life, defects or degradation of performance are found. Frequently these malfunctions are due to the presence of alterations in the characteristics of the thermal insulating materials used to coat the metal parts of the system. It is useful to evaluate methods for investigating the quality of insulating coatings by means of instruments, with low cost, that can be easily used during production. Thermal insulating materials are characterized by a relative dielectric constant close to the unit and a low Loss Factor: this work aims to investigate the use of microwave holographic radar for the detection of defects in such materials. The results show good detectability of defects when they are oriented as the antenna axis. Finally, it is shown that the robotic scan can examine large areas with the same detection performances of manual scan but with less set up and scanning time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Characterization of Electromagnetic Properties of In Situ Soils for the Design of Landmine Detection Sensors: Application in Donbass, Ukraine.
- Author
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Bechtel, Timothy, Truskavetsky, Stanislav, Pochanin, Gennadiy, Capineri, Lorenzo, Sherstyuk, Alexander, Viatkin, Konstantin, Byndych, Tatyana, Ruban, Vadym, Varyanitza-Roschupkina, Liudmyla, Orlenko, Oleksander, Kholod, Pavlo, Falorni, Pierluigi, Bulletti, Andrea, Bossi, Luca, and Crawford, Fronefield
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GROUND penetrating radar ,MAGNETIC permeability ,CHERNOZEM soils ,LAND mines ,COHERENT radar - Abstract
To design holographic and impulse ground penetrating radar (GPR) sensors suitable for humanitarian de-mining in the Donbass (Ukraine) conflict zone, we measured critical electromagnetic parameters of typical local soils using simple methods that could be adapted to any geologic setting. Measurements were recorded along six profiles, each crossing at least two mapped soil types. The parameters selected to evaluate GPR and metal detector sensor performance were magnetic permeability, electrical conductivity, and dielectric permittivity. Magnetic permeability measurements indicated that local soils would be conducive to metal detector performance. Electrical conductivity measurements indicated that local soils would be medium to high loss materials for GPR. Calculation of the expected attenuation as a function of signal frequency suggested that 1 GHz may have optimized the trade-off between resolution and penetration and matched the impulse GPR system power budget. Dielectric permittivity was measured using both time domain reflectometry and impulse GPR. For the latter, a calibration procedure based on an in-situ measurement of reflection coefficient was proposed and the data were analyzed to show that soil conditions were suitable for the reliable use of impulse GPR. A distinct difference between the results of these two suggested a dry (low dielectric) soil surface, grading downward into more moist (higher dielectric) soils. This gradation may provide a matching layer to reduce ground surface reflections that often obscure shallow subsurface targets. In addition, the relatively high dielectric deeper (10 cm–20 cm) subsurface soils should provide a strong contrast with plastic-cased mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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8. High-resolution methods for fluorescence retrieval from space.
- Author
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Mazzoni M, Falorni P, and Verhoef W
- Abstract
The retrieval from space of a very weak fluorescence signal was studied in the O(2)A and O(2)B oxygen atmospheric absorption bands. The accuracy of the method was tested for the retrieval of the chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance terms contributing to the sensor signal. The radiance at the top of the atmosphere was simulated by means of a commercial radiative-transfer program at a high resolution (0.1 cm(-1)). A test data set was generated in order to simulate sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence at the top of the canopy. Reflectance terms were spectrally modeled using cubic splines and fluorescence by means of the sum of two Voigt functions. Sensor radiance residual minimization was performed in the presence of a multiplicative noise, thus ensuring that the sensor simulations were realistic. The study, which focused on the possibility of retrieving fluorescence with an accuracy better than 10%, was performed for instrument resolutions ranging from about 0.4 cm(-1) to 2 cm(-1) in order to test the algorithm for the characteristics of existing and planned hyper-spectral sensors. The algorithm was also used to retrieve fluorescence in the single O(2)A band at the OCO and TANSO-FTS instrument spectral resolutions.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sun-induced leaf fluorescence retrieval in the O2-B atmospheric absorption band.
- Author
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Mazzoni M, Falorni P, and Del Bianco S
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Chlorophyll chemistry, Light, Luminescence, Models, Theoretical, Reproducibility of Results, Scattering, Radiation, Spectrometry, Fluorescence methods, Oxygen chemistry, Plant Leaves metabolism, Solar System, Spectrophotometry methods, Sunlight
- Abstract
Sun-induced leaf fluorescence was inferred by using high resolution (0.5 cm(-1)) radiance measurements and simulated spectra of the solar irradiance at the ground level, in the region of the O(2)-B absorption band. The minimization of a cost function was performed in the Fourier transform domain in order to make an accurate fit of the Instrumental Line- Shape that convoluted the simulated spectrum. Second- order polynomials were used to fit the leaf fluorescence and reflectance in the 100-cm(-1)-wide spectral window. The scale and the instrumental conversion factor were also fitted in order to obtain an accuracy that could not be attained by using the radiance measurements alone.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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