1. Physical Activity Mitigates Adverse Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Vessels and Brain
- Author
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Evan P. Pasha, Hirofumi Tanaka, Andreana P. Haley, Alex C. Birdsill, and Stephanie Oleson
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Internal capsule ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Uncinate fasciculus ,Splenium ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Corpus callosum ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cognition ,Vascular Stiffness ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Exercise ,computer.programming_language ,Metabolic Syndrome ,sed ,business.industry ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Echoencephalography ,White Matter ,Elasticity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Carotid Arteries ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Neurology ,Cardiology ,Arterial stiffness ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Metabolic syndrome ,Sedentary Behavior ,business ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) adversely affects the vasculature and cerebral white matter (CWM) integrity. Arterial stiffening has been associated with diminished CWM integrity. Physical activity (PA) can ameliorate components of MetS and subsequently affect arterial stiffening and CWM integrity. Our aim was to determine the role of PA on mitigating the adverse influence of MetS on arterial stiffness and CWM integrity. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study design, sixty-six middle-aged adults (40–62 years) composed of 18 sedentary MetS (Sed MetS), 21 physically active MetS (Active MetS), and 27 healthy individuals absent of MetS risk factors were studied. Carotid artery stiffness was assessed via simultaneous ultrasound and tonometry. CWM integrity was measured using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) through metrics of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). RESULTS: Carotid β-stiffness index in Active MetS was lower than Sed MetS but was not different from Healthy controls (6.6±1.5, 7.7±2.1, and 5.6±1.6 au, p=0.001). CWM integrity was significantly greater in Active MetS subjects compared to Sed MetS subjects but statistically equal to Healthy controls in the anterior limb of the internal capsule, and splenium of the corpus callosum, uncinate fasciculus, and superior corona radiata (all p
- Published
- 2018