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Introduction 'Teachable moments', such as inpatient treatment periods, can be turned into opportunities for smokers to acquire healthy living behaviors. This study was conducted to evaluate outcomes of smoking cessation interventions at an inpatient hospital setting. Methods Data was collected for this single arm prospective intervention cohort study between October 2021 and March 2022 from hospitalized patients at Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital in Türkiye. Smoker patients received smoking cessation counseling and brief smoking cessation interventions during their hospitalization and were informed about how to apply to our hospital's smoking cessation outpatient clinic after discharge. They were followed via phone at 3rd, 5th,7th days and 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th months after their discharge regarding their quit status as well as admissions to smoking cessation clinics. Quitters were confirmed by exhaled air carbon monoxide testing. Logistic regression analysis was performad to evaluate the presence of admission to emergency department and family physicians at 1st year follow up, model was adjusted regarding age, sex, presence of malignancy and education level. Results Totally data of 183 patients included to the study, there were 163 participants who completed periodic follow-ups during 1 year and among them the quit rate was 47.2%. Rate of anxiety was higher among non-quitters, compared to quitters (9.4% vs 1.2%) (p:0.024). Non-quittters were 19 times more likely to have emergency department admissions (aOR: 19.64, 95% CI: 8.08-47.68) and 8 times more likely have family doctor admissions (aOR: 8.43, 95% CI: 4.05-17.53) than quitters. Conclusions This cessation program evaluated the quit rates of hospitalized patients at first year and revealed that rate of anxiety was higher in non-quitters compared to quitters. It would be an important approach to include psychiatric support in this practice.

Abstract The detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the permeabilization of cell membranes by pulsed electric fields (electroporation) remain obscure despite decades of investigative effort. To advance beyond descriptive schematics to the development of robust, predictive models, empirical parameters in existing models must be replaced with physics- and biology-based terms anchored in experimental observations. We report here absolute values for the uptake of YO-PRO-1, a small-molecule fluorescent indicator of membrane integrity, into cells after a single electric pulse lasting only 6 ns. We correlate these measured values, based on fluorescence microphotometry of hundreds of individual cells, with a diffusion-based geometric analysis of pore-mediated transport and with molecular simulations of transport across electropores in a phospholipid bilayer. The results challenge the “drift and diffusion through a pore” model that dominates conventional explanatory schemes for the electroporative transfer of small molecules into cells and point to the necessity for a more complex model.

Introduction: 'Teachable moments', such as inpatient treatment periods, can be turned into opportunities for smokers to acquire healthy living behaviors. This study was conducted to evaluate outcomes of smoking cessation interventions at an inpatient hospital setting. Methods: Data was collected for this single arm prospective intervention cohort study between October 2021 and March 2022 from hospitalized patients at Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital in Türkiye. Smoker patients received smoking cessation counseling and brief smoking cessation interventions during their hospitalization and were informed about how to apply to our hospital's smoking cessation outpatient clinic after discharge. They were followed via phone at 3rd, 5th,7th days and 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th months after their discharge regarding their quit status as well as admissions to smoking cessation clinics. Quitters were confirmed by exhaled air carbon monoxide testing. Logistic regression analysis was performad to evaluate the presence of admission to emergency department and family physicians at 1st year follow up, model was adjusted regarding age, sex, presence of malignancy and education level. Results: Totally data of 183 patients included to the study, there were 163 participants who completed periodic follow-ups during 1 year and among them the quit rate was 47.2%. Rate of anxiety was higher among non-quitters, compared to quitters (9.4% vs 1.2%) (p:0.024). Non-quittters were 19 times more likely to have emergency department admissions (aOR: 19.64, 95% CI: 8.08-47.68) and 8 times more likely have family doctor admissions (aOR: 8.43, 95% CI: 4.05-17.53) than quitters. Conclusions: This cessation program evaluated the quit rates of hospitalized patients at first year and revealed that rate of anxiety was higher in non-quitters compared to quitters. It would be an important approach to include psychiatric support in this practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The risk of ischemic stroke is increased 5-fold in patients with atrial fibrillation (the most common reason for cardiac arrhythmia). The aim is to investigate whether insufficiency in anterior pituitary hormones develops in patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and no history of cerebrovascular accident. Method: A group of 65 patients with chronic /paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without a history of cerebrovascular accident and a group of 65 healthy controls without arrhythmia were included in this study. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed by electrocardiography or 24-hour rhythm holter. Demographic data, biochemical tests, echocardiography findings were compared between the groups. P

Introduction Asthma and COPD management have a broad framework, and smoking cessation plays an essential role. We examine the management of asthma and COPD patients not only for inhaler treatment options but also for essential interventions, such as smoking cessation support. Methods Data were collected cross-sectionally from pulmonology departments of three government hospitals in Türkiye between May and September 2022. Patients aged ≥18 years who had been diagnosed with asthma or COPD for at least a year, were included in the study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were investigated. Routine cessation interventions were implemented for current smokers, and they were followed via phone calls after one month regarding their quit status and access to cessation clinics. Results Data from 145 patients with asthma and 148 patients with COPD were analyzed. The rate of current smoking among patients with asthma and COPD was 18.8% and 34.5%, respectively. Current smoking was negatively associated with age (

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has contributed to work-related psychosocial risks in healthcare workers. Aims: To evaluate the perceived need for mental health services and related factors in Turkish healthcare workers practicing in pandemic hospitals. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from face-to-face interviews with healthcare workers at 19 pandemic hospitals in 13 provinces between September and November 2021. The study survey included the evaluation of the perceived need for and utilization of mental health services in the previous year, as well as sociodemographic, health-related, and work-related characteristics, the General Health Questionnaire-12, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire, and the Fear of coronavirus disease-2019 scale (FCV-19S). Results: Of 1,556 participants, 522 (33.5%) reported a perceived need for mental health services, but only 133 (8.5%) reported receiving these services. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the perceived need for mental health services revealed significant relationships with lower age, female sex, being a current smoker, having a chronic disease, having a mental disorder, coronavirus disease-2019 contact within the last three months in settings other than the home or workplace, a positive coronavirus disease-2019 vaccination history, being a physician, being a non-physician healthcare professional, and coronavirus disease-2019 contact within the last three months at work. After adjustment for these characteristics, higher General Health Questionnaire-12 and FCV-19S scores and lower WHOQoL-BREF domain scores were related to the perceived need for mental health services in logistic regression analyses. Conclusion: The findings indicate a substantial need for mental health services amongst Turkish healthcare workers during the pandemic and outline participants’ characteristics regarding high-priority groups for the intervention. Future research may focus on developing actions and evaluating their efficiency.

Öz yeterlik; bir bireyin belirli performans kazanımları üretmek için gerekli davranışları yürütme kapasitesine olan inancını ifade eden bir kavramdır. Bu süreçte iş görenlerin, öğrencilerin ve akademisyenlerin bireysel nitelikleri, özellikle öz yeterlikleri hem kendileri hem de örgütleri açısından ayrı ayrı önem taşımaktadır. Öz yeterlik, insanların davranışlarını, motivasyonunu, düşünce şekillerini önemli ölçüde etkileyen bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmada, öğrencilerin, akademisyenlerin ve idari personelin öz yeterliklerini tanımayı amaçlayarak öz yeterlik düzeyinin cinsiyete, medeni duruma, mesleğe, eğitim durumuna ve kariyer hedeflerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre öz yeterlik düzeyinin cinsiyete, medeni duruma, mesleğe, eğitim durumuna ve kariyer hedeflerine göre farklılaşmadığı sonucu bulunmuştur.

Abstract Filter-feeding mussels blend suspended particles into faeces and pseudo-faeces enhancing organic matter flows between the water column and the bottom, and strengthening benthic-pelagic coupling. Inside operating farms, high bivalve densities in relatively confined areas result in an elevated rate of organic sinking to the seabed, which may cause a localized impact in the immediate surrounding. Deposit-feeding sea cucumbers are potentially optimal candidates to bioremediate mussel organic waste, due to their ability to process organic-enriched sediments impacted by aquaculture waste. However, although the feasibility of this polyculture has been investigated for a few Indo-Pacific species, little is known about Atlanto-Mediterranean species. Hence, for the first time, in the present study, we conducted a comparative investigation on the suitability of different Mediterranean sea cucumber species, to be reared in Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture (IMTA) with mussels. A pilot-scale experiment was accomplished operating within a mussel farm where two sea cucumbers species, Holothuria tubulosa and Holothuria polii, were caged beneath the long-line mussel farm of Mytilus galloprovincialis. After four months, H. tubulosa showed high survivorship (94%) and positive somatic growth (6.07%); conversely H. polii showed negative growth (− 25.37%), although 92% of specimens survived. Furthermore, sea cucumber growth was size-dependent. In fact, smaller individuals, independently from the species, grew significantly faster than larger ones. These results evidenced a clear difference in the suitability of the two sea cucumber species for IMTA with M. galloprovincialis, probably due to their different trophic ecology (feeding specialization on different microhabitats, i.e. different sediment layers). Specifically, H. tubulosa seems to be an optimal candidate as extractive species both for polycultures production and waste bioremediation in M. galloprovincialis operating farms.

Objective Irisin is a myokine released from muscles by exercise and it has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in acute stroke patients. However, irisin's relationship with the chronic phase of stroke and spasticity has not been studied yet. We aimed to determine the serum level of irisin to examine its relationship with the functional status and severity of spasticity in patients with chronic stroke, and to compare these with healthy controls. Materials and Methods A total of 70 (35 chronic stroke and 35 control patients) patients were included in the study. The blood serum irisin levels of the patients and the controls were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, their functional status was evaluated with the modified Rankin scale (mRS), and spasticity severity using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS). Results The mean serum irisin levels of the stroke and the control groups were 6.20 ± 2.2 and 5.45 ± 2.3, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the serum level of irisin and the severity of spasticity and functional status, assessed by the mRS in stroke patients. Conclusion These results showed that irisin levels in chronic stroke patients were similar to controls, and there was no relationship between the severity of spasticity and functional status and irisin level.

Objective:This study aimed to compare the levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF 21) in patients with acute metabolic decompensation, sepsis and non-infectious inflammatory status using infection parameters and scoring systems.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 46 patients with sepsis and 29 patients with non-infectious inflammatory conditions in the case group. A total of 39 healthy volunteers were included in the control group. C-reactive protein, procalcitonin (PCT), sedimentation and FGF 21 levels were measured in all patients. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II and sequential organ failure assessment scores were also calculated.Results:FGF 21 levels in the patients in the case group were significantly higher than those in the patients in the control group (p˂0.001). A weak positive correlation was found between the FGF 21 and PCT levels (r=0.292, p=0.011). It was estimated that FGF 21 levels of 492.4 pg/mL and higher could predict the diagnosis of sepsis and non-infectious inflammatory status with 82.4% sensitivity and 80% specificity.Conclusion:FGF 21 can be considered an acute phase reactant in cases of infection, rising like PCT but not increasing in every acute condition.

Nanosecond pulsed helium plasma jets impinging on water produce hydroxyl radicals both in gas- and liquid-phase. In this study, the effects of pulse width on a repetitively pulsed plasma jet in contact with water are evaluated via OH(A–X) emission and OHaq production in water for various pulse widths ranging from 200 to 5000 ns. The maximal energy efficiency of OH(A–X) emission is obtained for pulse widths of 600–800 ns whereas the maximal efficiency of OHaq production is at 200 ns. Temporally-resolved emission spectroscopy shows that more than 40% of OH(A–X) emission is produced during the first 200 ns of the voltage pulse regardless of the pulse width. An equivalent circuit model of the plasma jet impinging on water is compiled to understand the charge transfer process, which is important for OHaq production via charge exchange reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanosecond bipolar pulse cancellation, a recently discovered phenomenon, is modulation of the effects of a unipolar electric pulse exposure by a second pulse of opposite polarity. This attenuation of biological response by reversal of the electric field direction has been reported with pulse durations from 60 ns to 900 ns for a wide range of endpoints, and it is not observed with conventional electroporation pulses of much longer duration (>100 μs) where pulses are additive regardless of polarity. The most plausible proposed mechanisms involve the field-driven migration of ions to and from the membrane interface (accelerated membrane discharge). Here we report 2 ns bipolar pulse cancellation, extending the scale of previously published results down to the time required to construct the permeabilizing lipid electropores observed in molecular simulations. We add new cancellation endpoints, and we describe new bipolar pulse effects that are distinct from cancellation. This new data, which includes transport of cationic and anionic permeability indicators, fluorescence of membrane labels, and patterns of entry into permeabilized cells, is not readily explained by the accelerated discharge mechanism. We suggest that multi-step processes that involve first charged species movement and then responses of cellular homeostasis and repair mechanisms are more likely to explain the broad range of reported results. Unlabelled Image • 2 ns bipolar electric pulses are less permeabilizing than 2 ns unipolar pulses. • Membrane charging calculations are not sufficient to predict bipolar pulse effects. • Transport patterns are consistent with smaller pores after bipolar pulse exposures. • Unipolar pulses cause cell swelling; some bipolar pulse exposures cause shrinking. • Unipolar/bipolar pulse volume changes suggest membrane potential regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to improve some culture characteristics of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax) culture generationsthroughaclassicalselectivebreedingprogram.Thus,thesuccessoftheappliedprogram was examined by comparing the reproduction time and proportional distribution of the wild broodstock (F0) individuals with the F1, F2, F3 and F4 generation broodstocks adapted to the cultureconditions.Accordingtotheresults,gameteuptakefromthenewgenerationsoccurredbetweenOctoberandFebruary.ThehighestegguptakewasdeterminedforallgenerationsinDecember. While the difference between wild (F0) broodstock and F1, F2, F3, and F4 generations was statistically significant in favor of new generations (P lt;0.05), the difference was insignificant between hatchery origin-new generations. Mean egg diameters were low in F2 and F3 generations, and F0, F1 and F4 generations were found to be higher than the others (P lt;0.05). It was calculated that the fertilization rate was higher in F3 and F4 generations, similar in F1 and F2 generations, and lower in F0 generation than the others (P lt;0.05) at the end of the study. Through the selection program, it was determined that the adaptation of the species to the culture conditions improved, the reaction to human activities declined, and homogeneous distribution in tanks/ponds was relatively achieved from the F2 generations. As a result, it has been determined that F4 generation broodstock have highercultureperformancethanothergenerations.ProducersofthisspeciesshoulduseF4broodstock for efficient and economical production.

İş yerinde mobbing davranışı, yarattığı bireysel, örgütsel ve toplumsal sorunlar sebebiyle süreçteki tüm aktörleri olulmsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu etki her vaka için değişkenlik gösteren düzeyde olsa da her bir vakanın önlenmesi tarafların tümü için büyük önem taşımaktadır. İş yerinde mobbing, sonuçlarının yol açtığı etkiler sebebiyle yönetim organizasyon alanında hem uygulayıcı olan işletmeler hem akademik yazın açısından önemi göz ardı edilemeyecek düzeydedir. Bu sebeple iş yerinde mobbing değişkeni, 1970’lerde tanımlanmasının ardından çok sayıda akademik çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma kapsamında yönetim organizasyon yazınında mobbing değişkenini konu edinen çalışmaların derinlemesine irdelenmesi ve ortak çıkarımlarda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma amacı doğrultusunda ilk olarak mobbing ile ilişkisi en fazla çalışılmış olan değişkenler “işten ayrılma niyeti, iş tatmini, tükenmişlik ve örgütsel bağlılık” olarak belirlenmiştir. Tespit edilen dört değişken için dört ayrı meta analiz yapılacağından, belirlenen meta analiz dahil etme kriterleri doğrultusunda dört ayrı veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Meta analiz çalışması bulgularının değerlendirilmesi doğrultusunda mobbing değişkeni ile işten ayrılma niyeti, iş tatmini, tükenmişlik ve örgütsel bağlılık değişkenleri arasında Cohen etki büyüklüğü sınıflandırması kriterine göre orta düzeyde ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan alt grup analizleri ile de belirlenen düzenleyici değişkenlerin bu ilişkilerdeki rolü ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmanın, mobbing değişkenine ilişkin yapılan tüm çalışmaları yıl ve coğrafya kısıtı getirmeden irdelemesi ve kullanılan meta analiz yönteminin alanda yeni olması bağlamında özgün değer taşıdığı düşünülmektedir.

İşletmelerin, performans ve verimliliklerini en iyi düzeye getirebilmeleri için örgüt ile işgörenler arasındaki ilişkiye önem vermeleri gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, iki taraf arasında yapılan iş sözleşmelerinin değişen ve gelişen rekabet ortamında yetersiz kalmaya başladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu sebeple, taraflar arasında karşılıklı beklentilerin ve yükümlülüklerin olduğu yazılı olmayan psikolojik sözleşme kavramı ön plana çıkmıştır. Psikolojik sözleşmeler, maddi beklentilerin (iş, ücret), yanında manevi beklentilerin (kariyer, zaman, eğitim, sadakat, vb.) olduğu sözleşmelerdir. Psikolojik sözleşmeye uygun davranıldığı durumda işgörenler, örgüte karşı daha fazla güven, bağlılık sağlayacak hatta örgütle kendilerini özdeşleştireceklerdir. Örgütle özdeşleşen işgörenler, örgütle kendini bir görerek, örgütün verimliliğinin ve kazancının artması için daha fazla gayret gösterecektir. Bu kapsamda yapılan bu çalışma psikolojik sözleşme ile örgütsel özdeşleşme arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Acıpayam Belediyesi personeli üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya 147 belediye personeli katılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında yapılan analiz sonucunda, psikolojik sözleşme ile örgütsel özdeşleşme arasında pozitif yönlü orta kuvvette anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmüştür.

Several studies have shown the positive effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on balance in patients and older adults. However, in healthy volunteers, the results are conflicting. We aimed to investigate the immediate effect of anodal ctDCS on the dynamic–static balance in healthy, non-athletic young adults due to the possible benefits for sports performance. Twenty-one healthy volunteers participated in two consecutive 20 min sessions of ctDCS (2 mA current intensity), with 1-week intervals (anodal ctDCS–sham ctDCS). Flamingo and Y-Balance tests were used to evaluate the static and dynamic balances before and after the ctDCS. A Continuous Performance Test (CPT) was used to evaluate the changes in sustained attention, impulsivity, and vigilance. A repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the changes in balance scores, reaction time, omission, and commission numbers. There were no statistically significant differences in dynamic and static balance scores and in CPT parameters between conditions. In conclusion, there was no immediate neuromodulation effect of anodal ctDCS to improve balance performance in healthy, young individuals. Furthermore, no evidence was found to support the use of cerebellar tDCS to improve sports performance.

The main purpose of this study is to conduct an evaluation based on listed companies traded in the energy sector sub-market of Borsa Istanbul (BIST). This evaluation is conducted on a sample of 27 companies between 2016 and 2021. In this study, corporate governance indicators are used as independent variables, while financial performance indicators are used as dependent variables. Initially, descriptive statistics of the sample and correlations between variables were calculated and interpreted in the analysis, and the Panel Data Analysis method is applied for the interaction between variables. This study emphasizes the importance of global economic and social crises, rapid changes in communication technologies, and the concept of sustainability for businesses. The sustainability of financing is highlighted as vital for companies. The findings of the study may serve as a valuable resource for understanding the performance of companies operating in the energy sector sub-market of BIST and their relationships with sustainability.

Background: The association between cystatin C (CysC) and atherosclerosis has been shown in numerous studies in hypertensive patients and in various patient groups with high cardiovascular risk. The study examining the association between renal volume and atherosclerosis is very limited. This study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between the presence of atherosclerosis with CysC and renal volume in hypertensive patients. Methods: 133 hypertensive patients and 80 healthy volunteers were evaluated. CysC level was studied in the blood sample taken from all participants. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and renal volume were measured with ultrasound always by the same radiologist. Laboratory findings, CysC, CIMT, and renal volume measurements of the groups were compared statistically. Results: There was no significant difference in mean renal volume values between hypertension and control groups. There was no significant correlation between renal volume with albuminuria and proteinuria. CIMT was significantly higher in hypertension group than in control group (p = .003). There was a significant correlation between renal volume and CIMT, which is an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis (r = 0.213, p = .001). Renal volume was found to be an independent predictor of CIMT when corrected with variables such as age, BMI, serum LDL-cholesterol level, creatinine, CysC, and albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic renal volume measurement, which is easy to perform and does not take a long time, can be a useful method for predicting the presence of atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients with GFR >60 ml/min.

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid hormones (TH) play a significant role in cardiovascular (CV) homeostasis. When the effect of TH on the CV system has been examined, especially in recent years, "euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS)" has attracted attention. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between ESS, which is frequently observed in hospitalized patients with have systemic disease, and the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 78 ESS patients who were hospitalized for various systemic diseases and a control group of 67 euthyroid patients were included. Patients who have heart failure (HF) with clinical and/or laboratory findings, renal failure, chronic liver disease, renal parenchymal disease, known hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, taking a thyroid hormone, using steroids, using antithyroid drugs, known to affect the BNP level Patients using medication were excluded from the study. The serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, biochemical examinations, acute phase reactants, and echocardiography findings were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum BNP was significantly higher in ESS patients compared to the control group. Serum free thyroxine (fT4) level was positively correlated, and serum free triiodothyronine (fT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were negatively correlated with BNP. Furthermore, it was determined that serum BNP level was positively correlated with positive acute-phase reactants (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin) and negatively correlated with albumin, which is a negative acute-phase reactant. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: ESS is associated with an increase in serum BNP. In critically ill patients without CV disease, a low level of fT3 may contribute to the development of cardiac dysfunction. We consider that the patient's age, admission diagnosis, acute-phase reactants, and inflammatory cytokines should be considered in addition to thyroid hormones while evaluating BNP levels in ESS.

Pozitif psikoloji akımı doğrultusunda ortaya çıkan pozitif psikolojik sermaye kavramı, bireylerin olumsuz özellikleri yerine olumlu yönlerini ve özelliklerini vurgulamayı amaçlayan bir bakış açısını ifade eder. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Denizli Kınıklı bölgesindeki devlet okullarında görevli 175 lise öğretmeni üzerinde pozitif psikolojik sermaye ile stresle başa çıkma yolları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılara ilişkin verilerin analizinde frekans dağılımlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte demografik değişkenler ile pozitif psikolojik sermaye ve stresle başa çıkma yolları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis testleri ve korelasyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Değerlendirmeler ışığında elde edilen verilere göre; pozitif psikolojik sermaye ile stresle başa çıkma yolları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

This study was conducted in order to reveal local people’s commitment to Bozcaada and their attitudes towards both the effects of tourism and the development of tourism in Bozcaada. Place Attachment, Tourism Development and the Effects of Tourism were scales used in this study, by applying the questionnaire method. The hypotheses indicated that the relationship between tourism development, interaction with tourists, tourism dependence on income source and self-identification with Bozcaada was examined by applying Chi-Square test to certain demographic variables. There was no significant relationship found between being native islander and lifetime in Bozcaada and having a source of income due to tourism. There was a significant relationship between the frequency of interaction with tourists and lifetime in Bozcaada along with the local people existing in the tourism sector as a workforce. There was no significant relationship between having tourism as a source of income and support of tourism development. There was a significant relationship between the education level of local people and the support of tourism development and also between lifetime in Bozcaada and identifying oneself with Bozcaada. The economic and socio-cultural effects of tourism were perceived as positive and the environmental impacts of tourism were perceived as negative in Bozcaada at high level.

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether arterial stiffness is affected in the patients with hypoparathyroidism through pulse wave analysis (PWA). Subjects and methods Sixty-three patients diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism and sixty volunteers were evaluated for the study. When 21 patients were excluded in the hypoparathyroidism group due to exclusion criteria, the research continued with 42 patients and 60 volunteers who are similar to the patients in terms of age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Fasting plasma glucose after 10 hours of fasting, creatinine, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), albumin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, 25-OH vitamin D, parathormone (PTH) and urine calcium results in 24-hour urine for the patients in the hypoparathyroidism group were recorded. Evaluation of arterial stiffness was performed by Mobil-O-Graph 24h PWA device. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.005), mean blood pressure (p = 0.009), central SBP (p = 0.004), central DBP (p = 0.01) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) (p = 0.02) were found higher in the hypoparathyroidism group. A positive correlation was detected between phosphorus level and SBP [(p = 0.03. r = 0.327)], central SBP [(p = 0.04, r = 0.324)] and PWV [(p = 0.003, r = 0.449)]. We detected that age and serum phosphorus levels were independent predictor variables for PWV (B = 0.014, p < 0.001 and B = 0.035, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion We detected that hypoparathyroidism causes an increase in blood pressure and arterial stiffness. The most significant determinant factors were detected as advanced age and hyperphosphatemia. The patients diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism should be closely monitored and treatment planning should include to prevent the patients from hyperphosphatemia.

Abstract This study investigated effects of a geophyte plant extract (Sternbergia candida) on some hemato-immunological parameters in gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata (L. 1758). To serve this purpose, the plant was collected and extracted in ethanol solvent. A total 300 fish were used in experiment. Three groups were designed including control group, 0.5 mg/fish and 2 mg/fish and plant extract was given by intraperitoneal injection. Following injections on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days, blood samples were collected from each group. Some of the hemato-immunological parameters in serum and blood samples such as, phagocytic activity (NBT (+) cells), total leukocyte level, lysozyme activity, total protein, hematocrit level and the differential leucocyte were examined. Present results show that intraperitoneal injection of S. candida plant extract increases some non-specific immune parameters. In the determination of the non-specific immune responses of the gilthead seabream, blood samples collected from 2mg/fish group indicated that maximum levels of pre-determined parameters were reached on days 7, 14, and 21 following the injection. According to these finding, administration of geophyte plant is suggested in seabream to improve non-specific immune response and health status.

Amaç: Mandibular koronoid proçes hiperplazisi (MKPH), ağız açıklığında kısıtlılıkla karakterize, normal kemiğin genişlemesi şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Literatürde hiperplazi teriminin sınırları ve ölçüm tekniği net bir şekilde belirlenmemiştir. Bu yüzden çalışmamızın amacı, KIBT görüntülerinde kondilin ve koronoid proçesin boyutlarını değerlendirmek, koronoid proçes ve kondil oranını belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada farklı sebeplerle KIBT görüntüleri alınmış 18 yaş ve üzeri 154 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Sagittal kesitlerde, sigmoid çentiğin en derin noktasından geçen yere paralel doğruya göre kondil ve koronoidin tepe noktasından yükseklik ölçümleri yapıldı. Ayrıca koronal kesitte koronoid proçesin en tepe noktası ile zigomatik arkın en alt noktası arası uzunluk ölçüldü. Koronoid proçes ve kondilin aralarındaki oran tespit edildi. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistik ve t testi ile istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: MKPH tespit edilen 6 hasta çalışma dışı bırakıldı ve toplam 148 hasta (81 kadın, 67 erkek, yaş ortalaması±SS; 37.66±14.32 yıl) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların sağ kondil yükseklik ortalaması 16.70±0.22 mm, sol kondil yükseklik ortalaması 16.99±0.22 mm, sağ koronoid yükseklik ortalaması 11.41±0.23 mm, sol koronoid yükseklik ortalaması 11.91±0.24 mm olarak bulundu. Erkeklerde kondil ve koronoid yükseklik ortalamaları kadınlara göre daha fazlaydı (p=0.00). Koronoid proçesin kondile oranı ortalaması sağ tarafta 0.70±0.01 sol tarafta 0.72±0.01 olarak bulundu. Toplam 18 hastada bilateral, 5 hastada unilateral olmak üzere koronoid proçesin kondile oranı 1’den büyüktü.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, kondil ve koronoid yükseklik ortalamaları, erkeklerde kadınlara göre fazla bulundu. Literatürde, koronoid proçesin ortalama uzunluğu hakkında yeterli bir bilgi ve MKPH teşhisi için ortaya konmuş net bir yöntem yoktur. Çeşitli ve daha büyük popülasyonlarda, objektif ölçüm yöntemleri kullanılarak, üç boyutlu değerlendirmenin yapıldığı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Koronoid proçes, Koronoid proçes hiperplazisi, Konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kök ve kanal sayısı varyasyonları ile patolojilerinin değerlendirilmesinde periapikal (PA) radyografi ve limitli konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) görüntülerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada aynı bölgeden alınmış limitli KIBT (40x50 mm FOV) ve PA görüntüleri olan 127 (65 erkek, 62 kadın) hastanın üç yüz otuz beş dişi incelendi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen dişlerde dental patoloji olarak kök kanal kalsifikasyonu, internal ve eksternal kök rezorpsiyonu, periodontal aralıkta genişleme, pulpa taşı ve periapikal lezyon ile kök ve kanal varyasyonları olarak fazla kök ve kanal sayıları değerlendirildi.Bulgular: En sıklıkla incelenen diş maksiller sağ santral dişti (% 9.6). Eksternal kök rezorpsiyonu (PA için % 6.9, KIBT için % 11.9) ve pulpa taşı (PA için % 4.8, KIBT için % 11.9) (p < 0.001) limitli KIBT’de daha fazla dişte tespit edildi. Fazla kanal (p=0.00) ve kök (p=0.01) limitli KIBT görüntülerinde daha fazla sayıda dişte izlendi. PA radyografi ile 6 (% 1.8) dişte fazla kanal belirlenirken, limitli KIBT’de 16 (% 4.8) dişte fazla kanal belirlendi. Fazla kök periapikal radyografta 2 (% 0.6) dişte görülürken, limitli KIBT’de 5 (% 1.5) dişte izlendi. 11 (% 3.3) dişte limitli KIBT görüntülerinde periapikal lezyon belirlenirken PA görüntülerinde belirlenmedi (p=0.00).Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları limitli KIBT’nin PA radyografi ile karşılaştırıldığında, özellikle kök rezorbsiyonları, periapikal patolojiler ile kök ve kanal sayısı varyasyonlarını değerlendirmek için daha doğru ve güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu nedenle özellikle endodontik tedavi öncesinde ya da başarısız olan kanal tedavi vakalarında limitli KIBT alınması yapılacak tedavinin başarısını arttırmada faydalı olacaktır.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Dental dijital radyografi, Dental pulpa taşı, Konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hastalardan alınan panoramik radyograflarda çeşitli bölgelerde şüphe edilen ya da şüphe edilmeyen (kontrol amaçlı) çürük, periapikal lezyon, kök rezorpsiyonunu ve persiste kök varlığı gibi patolojilerin ilave alınan diğer konvansiyonel görüntüleme yöntemlerinde (periapikal ve bitewing radyografi) tanılarının doğruluğunun değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada 241 hastadan (101 erkek, 140 kadın, yaş ortalaması: 39,08±14,5) alınan panoramik radyograf ve aynı kişilerden panoramik radyografa ilave olarak alınan 195 periapikal radyograf ve 46 bitewing radyograf incelendi. Panoramik radyograflarda şüphenilen ya da kontrol amaçlı olarak çeşitli bölgelerden alınan periapikal ya da bitewing radyografilerde çürük, periapikal lezyon, kök artığı, kök rezorbsiyonu gibi patolojilerin var olup olmadığı belirlendi.Bulgular: Panoramik radyografilerde en çok şüphe edilen durumlar arasında birinci sırada periapikal lezyon (% 57.7), ikinci sırada ise çürük (% 20.3) yer aldı. Hastaların % 10.4 ünde herhangi bir şüphe olmadan kontrol amaçlı ilave görüntüleme alındığı belirlendi. En fazla panoramik radyografiye ilave görüntüleme alınan bölgeler maksilla posterior (% 29) ve maksilla anteriordu (% 25.7). Panoramik ve intraoral radyografilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda 241 hastanın 122'sinde (% 50.6) yanlış pozitif sonuç yani patolojinin panoramik radyografide göründüğü halde periapikal ya da bitewing de görünmediği belirlendi.Sonuç: İntraoral radyografiler; panoramik radyografiden daha fazla ayrıntıyı göstermesi, doğru açılama ve teknik kullanıldığında magnifikasyon ve süperpozisyonların daha az olması nedeniyle panoramik radyografta emin olunmayan durumlarda doğru tanı koymak için ilave olarak hastadan alınmalıdır.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Bitewing radyografi, Çürük, Panoramik radyografi, Periapikal radyografi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı son beş yıl içerisinde literatürde anlatılan çenelerin ilaca bağlı osteonekroz (MRONJ) vakalarında; osteonekroz nedeni olarak belirlenen ilaç ya da ilaçtan farklı etkenler, osteonekroz gelişimine katkıda bulunan sistemik ya da lokal faktörler, bu vakalarda kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri, tedavi seçenekleri gibi faktörleri analiz etmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: 2013-2018 yılları arasında MRONJ ile ilgili literatürde bildirilen 113 olgu sunumu incelendi. Literatür araştırması PubMed üzerinden yapıldı. Hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, sistemik hastalığı, geçmişte uygulanan dental işlemlere ait veriler, osteonekroz lezyonunun lokalizasyonu, hastada gözlenen semptomlar, teşhiste kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri, tercih edilen tedavi seçenekleri, tedavi sonrası nüks olup olmaması açısından olgu sunumları incelendi.Bulgular: İncelenen olgu sunumlarında hastaların yaş ortalaması 66.7 ± 12.28 idi. Vakalarda MRONJ çoğunlukla (% 62.8) kadınlarda görüldüğü belirlendi. Osteonekroz oluşumunda en sık rol oynayan risk faktörü ilaçlardı (%55, en fazla metotreksat). Osteonekroza neden olan ilacın kullanım nedeni olarak en çok (% 67.1) kanser tespit edildi. MRONJ nedeni olarak bifosfanat dışı ilaçlardan en sık (% 18.3) belirlenen ilaç denosumabdı. Hastaların % 63.5’inde osteonekroz öncesi dental tedavi hikayesi vardı. Vakalarda osteonekrozun % 68.9’nun mandibulada ortaya çıktığı gözlendi. Hastalarda en sık belirlenen semptom ağrıydı (% 65.7). İncelenen olguların hepsinde konservatif tedavi kullanılırken, 69 hastada buna ek olarak (% 62.7 ) cerrahi tedavi ve 9 hastada lazer tedavisi uygulandığı belirlendi. Sonuç: MRONJ sıklıkla bifosfonat kullanımına bağlı ortaya çıksa da kanser nedeniyle kullanılan antianeoplastik ilaçlar ve romatoid artrit gibi sistemik hastalıklar nedeniyle kullanılan bazı ilaçlar nedeniyle de oluşabilmektedir. Osteonekroza neden olan ilaçların çeşitliliğinin fazla olması nedeniyle hastaların sistemik durumlarında kullanılan ya da kullanılacak ilaçların sorgulanması osteonekrozun önlenmesi ve tanısında önemlidir.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Osteonekroz, Bifosfonat, Metotreksat.

Yaşlanmanın organizma üzerindeki majör etkileri arasında, ağız boşluğunda ve dolayısıyla onu çevreleyen dokularda meydana gelen değişiklikler önemli bir yer tutar. Bu yapısal değişikliklere bağlı olarak gelişen ağız, diş ve dişeti hastalıkları yaşlanmanın doğal bir sonucu değildir. Yaşlanmayla oluşan değişikliklerle hastalık durumunda görülen değişiklikler arasındaki fark her zaman net olmadığından bu iki durum arasındaki sınırı belirlemek çoğu zaman mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle yaşlanma süreci nedeniyle doku ve organlarda ortaya çıkan değişiklerin ilgili doku ve organlardaki hastalıkların doğru tanısı ve tedavisi için bilinmesi önemlidir. Bu derlemenin amacı yaşlanma süreciyle birlikte dişler, periodonsiyum, dişleri çevreleyen kemik, ağız mukozası, çiğneme kasları, tükürük bezleri ve çene ekleminde meydana gelen yapısal ve fonksiyonel değişikliklerle ilgili bilgi vermektir.Anahtar Kelimeler:Yaşlanma, dişler, tükürük bezleri, oral mukoza

Background. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in terms of sex, age, educational status, medication use, systemic diseases, the duration of denture use and tobacco or alcohol use. Methods. A total of 709 voluntary patients (375 males and 334 females), aged ≥60 years, were interviewed by one investigator for demographic data, systemic diseases, tobacco or alcohol use, denture use and the duration of denture use. Results. The majority of the participants (87.6%) had one or more oral mucosal lesions. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 46.3% in males and 41.3% in females (P=0.76). The most common oral mucosal lesion was a sublingual varicosity in both males and females. A statistically significant difference was observed between the three age groups (60–64, 65–69, and ≥70 years) with regard to the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (P=0.02). There was a significant relationship between the presence of systemic diseases and oral mucosal lesions (P=0.01). There was also a significant relationship between denture use and oral mucosal lesions (P=0.001). Smoking and a history of smoking were also significant predictive factors for oral mucosal lesions (OR: 3.385, P=0.045). Conclusion. Although the majority of oral mucosal lesions detected in the present study were benign, there were some patients with premalignant and malignant lesions. Therefore, periodic oral examinations for detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions are important, especially in the elderly, smokers and denture users.