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Your search keyword '"Ernst Pfeffer"' showing total 3 results
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3 results on '"Ernst Pfeffer"'

1. Effect of Graded Replacement of Soybean Meal by Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.) or Field Peas (Pisum sativum L.) in Rations for Laying Hens on Egg Production and Quality

Author

Fidelis Fru-Nji, Erhard Niess, and Ernst Pfeffer

Subjects
anti-nutritional factors, egg quality, faba beans, field pea, layers, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Two separate randomised block design experiments were each carried out for 13 months to investigate the effects of replacing, in-part, soybean meal (SBM) and wheat by graded levels of faba beans (FB) and field pea (FP) in a basal diet of wheat-SBM, balanced for amino acids, similar in crude protein (CP) and metabolisable energy (ME) on Lohmann hens. Traits studied included ; egg production, feed consumption, body weight gain, feed, energy and protein utilisations, and egg quality. Increasing dietary FB up 400g/kg (no SBM) decreased hen-day egg production, from 85 to 75%. Average egg mass significantly reduced from 50.8-43.5g/(hen*d). Feed consumption was similar (110 to 113g/(hen*d)). Increasing FB increased ME and CP required for egg production. FB had no significant effect on the shell strength, shell fraction and yolk index of eggs ; meanwhile it decreased the yolk fraction, and increased yolk colour, albumen fraction and albumen index. Most traits studied, were statistically similar up to 160g FB/kg feed. Increasing levels of FP up to 500g/kg did not significantly affect hen-day egg production and egg mass per day, although feed consumption increased. Body weight gain linearly dropped with increasing FP. FP had no significant effect on any of the egg quality traits studied. 16% FB and 50% FP could be included in layers diet without any significant effects on egg production or quality.

Published
2007
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2. Energy supply of the okapi in captivity: fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs

Author

Jürgen Hummel, Kristina Johanson, Camilla Nørgaard, Marcus Clauss, Gunther Nogge, Ernst Pfeffer, Joeke Nijboer, University of Zurich, and Hummel, J

Subjects
10253 Department of Small Animals, biology, 630 Agriculture, food and beverages, Forage, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Rumen, Animal science, Agronomy, Ruminant, Hay, 570 Life sciences, Fermentation, Dry matter, Animal Science and Zoology, 1103 Animal Science and Zoology, Digestion, Beet pulp
Abstract

A variety of feeds are used in the nutrition of browsing ruminants. During digestion trials on okapis, feedstuffs of different facilities were sampled and the Hohenheim gas test was used as in vitro fermentation method to quantify their fermentative behavior. Forty-six feeds were analyzed (7, fruit and vegetable; 11, energy concentrates and pelleted compounds; 13, forage; 9, browse leaf, 6, small and large twig samples). Gas production of these samples was recorded after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24hr of fermentation. Browse leaf samples were additionally analyzed with a tannin-binding agent (polyethylene-glycol) to assess limiting effects of condensed tannins. Metabolizable energy (ME) was estimated from 24 hr gas production according to standard regressions. Vegetables and particularly fruits were found to yield very high gas productions during the first 2 hr of fermentation, whereas unmolassed beet pulp was found to have a more even distribution of gas production/energy release over total fermentation time. Feeds like rolled oats or bread were evaluated to yield very high energy contents of > 14MJ ME/kg dry matter (DM). Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay had a comparable fermentation pattern to fresh browse samples, characterized by a high fermentation rate. In conclusion, energy-rich constituents for captive ruminant diets should not include larger amounts of vegetables and especially fruits, due to their very fast fermentation during the initial phase of fermentation and the connected risk of rumen acidosis. Energy-concentrates like beet pulp (unmolassed) showed moderate fermentation characteristics and energy content and are well suited as a component of zoo ruminant diets. Energy-concentrates with very high energy densities (> 13 MJ ME/kg DM) like bread or rolled oats are not suitable for a diet that is intended to promote long feeding times. Various aspects are involved in the decision for appropriate forage for browsing ruminants; based on fermentation pattern, alfalfa hay seems to be a reasonable substitute for browse leaves.

Published
2006

3. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition of Cattle

Author

Ernst Pfeffer, Alexander Hristov, Ernst Pfeffer, and Alexander Hristov

Subjects
Chordata, Nitrogen, Vertebrates, Food, Mammals, Cattle, Phosphorus, Feeds, Artiodactyla, Gas, Gases, Phosphorus in animal nutrition, Cattle--Feeding and feeds, Nitrogen in animal nutrition, Crop zones, Inorganic compounds, Ruminants, Chemical elements, Metabolism
Abstract

There are tremendous benefits to feeding ruminants nitrogen and phosphorus supplements, in terms of milk production and productivity. However what goes in, must also come out. Nitrogen and phosphorus excretions from dairy cattle are a major environmental pollutant. This book describes the latest knowledge in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of cattle including requirements, ruminal and total tract metabolism, possibilities of increasing the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and reducing nitrogen and phosphorus excretions from dairy and beef operations. It also includes aspects of the effects of dietary nitrogen and phosphorus on the reproductive efficiency of cattle.

Published
2005

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