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29. Amenhotep III's Mansion of Millions of Years in Thebes (Luxor, Egypt): Submergence of high grounds by river floods and Nile sediments

Author

Toonen, W. H.J., Graham, A., Masson-Berghoff, A., Peeters, J., Winkels, T. G., Pennington, B. T., Hunter, M. A., Strutt, K. D., Barker, D. S., Emery, V. L., Sollars, L., Sourouzian, H., Sub FG Kust Riv Gl 3e geldstroom, Geomorfologie, and Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change

Subjects
New Kingdom, Avulsion, Archaeology, Climate change, Geomorphology, Ritual landscape, Ancient Egypt, Kom el-Hettân
Abstract

New Kingdom royal cult temples in Thebes (Luxor, Egypt) are all located on the lower desert edge. Kom el-Hettân (Amenhotep III: reign 1391–1353 BCE, 18th Dynasty) is an exception, as it is located in the present Nile floodplain. Its anomalous position has puzzled Egyptologists, as has the termination of its use, which traditionally has been attributed to natural hazards such as flooding or earthquakes. Geoarchaeological analyses of the subsurface shows that Amenhotep III's temple was initially founded on a wadi fan that stood several metres above the contemporary surrounding floodplain landscape. The temple was fronted by a minor branch of the Nile, which connected the temple to the wider region, but the temple itself was relatively safe from the annual flood of the Nile. This geoarchaeological study comprised a coring programme to determine the c. 4000-yr landscape history of the local area. Chronological control was provided by the analysis of ceramic fragments recovered from within the sediments. This study shows that the New Kingdom period was, at least locally, characterised by extremely high sedimentation rates that caused a rapid rise of the floodplain and gradual submergence of the pre-existing high temple grounds. This is, however, not a plausible reason for the destruction of the temple, as frequent inundation did not begin until the temple was already out of use and largely dismantled.

Published
2019

49. Phase separation in the t-J model

Author

Emery, V. J, Lin, H. Q, and Kivelson, S. A

Subjects
Solid-State Physics
Abstract

A detailed understanding of the motion of 'holes' in an antiferromagnet is of fundamental importance for the theory of high-temperature superconductors. It is shown here that, for the t-J model, dilute holes in an antiferromagnet are unstable against phase separation into a hole-rich and a no-hole phase. When the spin-exchange interaction J exceeds a critical value Jc, the hole-rich phase has no electrons. It is proposed that, for J slightly less than Jc, the hole-rich phase is a low-density superfluid of electron pairs. Phase separation in related models is briefly discussed.

Published
1990
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50. CD73 is dispensable for the regulation of inflationary CD8+ T-cells after murine cytomegalovirus infection and adenovirus immunisation

Author

Sims, S, Colston, J, Emery, V, and Klenerman, P

Subjects
Cell biology, Blood cells, Biology and life sciences, Animal cells, Immune Cells, Cellular types, Immunology, T cells, White blood cells, Clinical Immunology, Infectious Disease Immunology, Memory T cells, Research Article
Abstract

The ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is expressed by T-cell subsets, myeloid derived suppressive cells and endothelial cells. It works in conjunction with CD39 to regulate the formation and degradation of adenosine in vivo. Adenosine has previously been shown to suppress the proliferation and cytokine secretion of T-cells and recent evidence suggests that inhibition of CD73 has the potential to enhance T-cell directed therapies. Here we utilised a CD73 knockout mouse model to assess the suppressive ability of CD73 on CD8+ T-cell classical memory and memory “inflation”, induced by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection and adenovirus immunisation. We show that CD73 is dispensable for normal CD8+ T-cell differentiation and function in both models. Thus CD73 as a suppressor of CD8+ T-cells is unlikely to play a deterministic role in the generation and functional characteristics of antiviral memory in these settings.

Published
2016

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