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9. Music influences hedonic and taste ratings in beer

Author

Carvalho, F, Velasco, C, van Ee, R, Leboeuf, Y, Spence, C, and Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Subjects
education, Biophysics, food and beverages, perception, gastrophysics, sound, taste, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Psychology, music, beer, experience design, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), human activities, Original Research
Abstract

The research presented here focuses on the influence of background music on the beer-tasting experience. An experiment is reported in which different groups of customers tasted a beer under three different conditions (N = 231). The control group was presented with an unlabeled beer, the second group with a labeled beer, and the third group with a labeled beer together with a customized sonic cue (a short clip from an existing song). In general, the beer-tasting experience was rated as more enjoyable with music than when the tasting was conducted in silence. In particular, those who were familiar with the band that had composed the song, liked the beer more after having tasted it while listening to the song, than those who knew the band, but only saw the label while tasting. These results support the idea that customized sound-tasting experiences can complement the process of developing novel beverage (and presumably also food) events. We suggest that involving musicians and researchers alongside brewers in the process of beer development, offers an interesting model for future development. Finally, we discuss the role of attention in sound-tasting experiences, and the importance that a positive hedonic reaction toward a song can have for the ensuing tasting experience. ispartof: Frontiers in Psychology vol:7 issue:MAY pages:636-648 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

Published
2018
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10. Age effects on visual perceptual decisions of ambiguous stimuli

Author

Arani, E., van Ee, R., and van Wezel, R.

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

The brain is constantly making choices while interpreting the environment. To understand how age affects visual decision-making, we investigated age-related changes in spontaneous percept switches and percept choices during intermittent presentations of ambiguous stimuli. Spontaneous switches can be triggered by different visual stimuli, such as monocular ambiguous visual stimuli or binocular rivalry images. An ambiguous visual stimulus has multiple and equally plausible interpretations, such as the bi-stable rotating sphere. In such a sphere two transparently moving dots are moving in opposite directions and due to structure-from-motion the stimulus is perceived as a 3-dimensional rotating sphere moving in one or the opposite direction. During binocular rivalry experiments, the left and the right eye receive different input simultaneously. During stimulus-presentation only one of the two presented images is perceived, and the other image is suppressed. Dominance durations (the time a percept remains dominant) are typically in the order of several seconds. In this study, 52 observers ranging from 17 to 72 years old, viewed bi-stable rotating spheres and binocular rivalry stimuli and were forced to make a choice between two percepts. Stimuli were presented continuously for 2 minutes or intermittently for 1 second, with a range of inter-stimulus intervals (0.125 - 2 seconds). The results show that dominance durations during continuous viewing are longer for older subjects for the binocular rivalry stimulus but not for the bi-stable rotating spheres. For the intermittent stimulus presentation, perceptual alternations decrease at an older age in binocular rivalry, while for the bi-stable rotating sphere there are only differences in perceptual alternations among different age groups at a short off-duration. Based on these results, we conclude that the effect of age is not a general phenomenon for ambiguous stimuli. Visual decisions are more stimulus dependent, rather than experience dependent.

Published
2016

11. Multisensory Stimulation to Improve Low- and Higher-Level Sensory Deficits after Stroke: A Systematic Review

Author

Tinga, A.M., Visser-Meily, Johanna M a, van der Smagt, M.J., van der Stigchel, S., van Ee, R., Nijboer, T.C.W., Experimental psychopathology, Helmholtz Institute, Leerstoel Engelhard, Leerstoel Pas, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Experimental psychopathology, Helmholtz Institute, Leerstoel Engelhard, Leerstoel Pas, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), and Leerstoel Postma

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Blinding, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, Sensory system, Review, 050105 experimental psychology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Hemianopia, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Randomized controlled trial, law, Physical Stimulation, Perception, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Hardware_REGISTER-TRANSFER-LEVELIMPLEMENTATION, Stroke, Neglect, media_common, Rehabilitation, Multisensory, 05 social sciences, Stroke Rehabilitation, Neuropsychology, Brain, medicine.disease, Perceptual disorders, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Acoustic Stimulation, Sensation Disorders, Perceptual Disorders, Cognition Disorders, Psychology, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to integrate and assess evidence for the effectiveness of multisensory stimulation (i.e., stimulating at least two of the following sensory systems: visual, auditory, and somatosensory) as a possible rehabilitation method after stroke. Evidence was considered with a focus on low-level, perceptual (visual, auditory and somatosensory deficits), as well as higher-level, cognitive, sensory deficits. We referred to the electronic databases Scopus and PubMed to search for articles that were published before May 2015. Studies were included which evaluated the effects of multisensory stimulation on patients with low- or higher-level sensory deficits caused by stroke. Twenty-one studies were included in this review and the quality of these studies was assessed (based on eight elements: randomization, inclusion of control patient group, blinding of participants, blinding of researchers, follow-up, group size, reporting effect sizes, and reporting time post-stroke). Twenty of the twenty-one included studies demonstrate beneficial effects on low- and/or higher-level sensory deficits after stroke. Notwithstanding these beneficial effects, the quality of the studies is insufficient for valid conclusion that multisensory stimulation can be successfully applied as an effective intervention. A valuable and necessary next step would be to set up well-designed randomized controlled trials to examine the effectiveness of multisensory stimulation as an intervention for low- and/or higher-level sensory deficits after stroke. Finally, we consider the potential mechanisms of multisensory stimulation for rehabilitation to guide this future research.

Published
2016

12. The effect of age on visual decisions and consequences for models of bi-stable visual perception

Author

Wezel, R.J.A. van, Arani, E., and Ee, R. van

Subjects
genetic structures, Biophysics, EWI-26477, IR-99719, sense organs, METIS-316822
Abstract

We studied the effect of age on visual perceptual decisions of bi-stable stimuli. We used two different stimuli: bi-stable rotating spheres and a binocular rivalry stimulus. At onset, both stimuli can evoke two different percepts: for the sphere clockwise or anti-clockwise rotation and for the binocular rivalry stimulus a percept that switches between the stimuli in the two eyes. The stimuli were presented intermittently for 1 second with a range of inter-stimulus intervals (0.1 – 2 seconds). Subjects ranged between 18 and 73 years old and were instructed to indicate which of the two percepts dominate at each onset of the bi-stable stimulus. Our results show that perceptual choices are more stable for older subjects for the binocular rivalry stimulus and not for the bi-stable rotating spheres. The results will be discussed in the context of current models for bi-stable visual perception.

Published
2015

13. Closed extensor tendon rupture caused by Kienböck disease: a case report

Author

Jong Yun Choi, Won Jin Cha, Ee Room Jung, Bommie F. Seo, and Sung-No Jung

Subjects
tendon injuries, osteonecrosis, tendon transfer, lunate bone, caes reports, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Kienböck disease, a rare disease that can cause chronic pain and motor dysfunction, occurs due to avascular necrosis of the lunate bone, which leads to dislocation of the carpal bone. Among various other etiologies, Kienböck disease can cause closed tendon rupture of the finger. In this report, we introduce a case of total rupture of the second extensor digitorum communis and the extensor indicis proprius tendons caused by undiagnosed Kienböck disease in an elderly female patient.

Published
2022
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14. Centrality, rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of J/ψ suppression in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

Author

Piano, Stefano, Lea, Ramona, Camerini, Paolo, Luparello, Grazia, Fragiacomo, Enrico, Margagliotti, Giacomo, Rui, Rinaldo, Abelev bv, B., Adam al, J., Adamová cd, D., Aggarwal ch, M. M., Aglieri Rinella ah, G., Agnello cn, M., Agocs eb, A. G., Agostinelli z, A., Agrawal as, N., Ahammed dx, Z., Ahmad r, N., Ahmad Masoodi r, A., Ahmed o, I., Ahn bo, S. U., Ahn bo, S. A., Aimo de, I., Aiola ec, S., Ajaz o, M., Akindinov be, A., Aleksandrov ct, D., Alessandro de, B., Alexandre cv, D., Alici l, A., Alkin c, A., Alme aj, J., Alt an, T., Altini ae, V., Altinpinar q, S., Altsybeev dw, I., Alves Garcia Prado dm, C., Andrei by, C., Andronic cq, A., Anguelov cm, V., Anielski az, J., Anticˇic ́ cr, T., Antinori db, F., Antonioli cy, P., Aphecetche df, L., Appelshäuser ax, H., Arbor br, N., Arcelli z, S., Armesto p, N., Arnaldi de, R., Aronsson ec, T., Arsene u, I. C., Arslandok ax, M., Augustinus ah, A., Averbeck cq, R., Awes ce, T. C., Azmi r, M. D., Bach an, M., Badalà da, A., Baek ao, Y. W., Bagnasco de, S., Bailhache ax, R., Bairathi cl, V., Bala ck, R., Baldisseri n, A., Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa ah, F., Bán bf, J., Baral bh, R. C., Barbera aa, R., Barile ae, F., Barnaföldi eb, G. G., Barnby cv, L. S., Barret bq, V., Bartke dj, J., Basile z, M., Bastid bq, N., Basu dx, S., Bathen az, B., Batigne df, G., Batyunya bm, B., Batzing u, P. C., Baumann ax, C., Bearden ca, I. G., Beck ax, H., Bedda cn, C., Behera as, N. K., Belikov ba, I., Bellini z, F., Bellwied do, R., Belmont Moreno bk, E., Bencedi eb, G., Beole y, S., Berceanu by, I., Bercuci by, A., Berdnikov cf, Y., 1, Berenyi eb, D., Berger di, M. E., Bergognon df, A. A. E., Bertens bd, R. A., Berzano y, D., Betev ah, L., Bhasin ck, A., Bhati ch, A. K., Bhattacharjee ap, B., Bhom dt, J., Bianchi y, L., Bianchi bs, N., Bianchin bd, C., Bielcˇík al, J., Bielcˇíková cd, J., Bilandzic ca, A., Bjelogrlic bd, S., Blanco j, F., Blau ct, D., Blume ax, C., Bock bu, F., Boehmer di, F. V., Bogdanov bw, A., Bøggild ca, H., Bogolyubsky bb, M., Boldizsár eb, L., Bombara am, M., Book ax, J., Borel n, H., Borissov cp, A., Bornschein an, J., Bossú bl, F., Botje cb, M., Botta y, E., Böttger aw, S., Braun Munzinger cq, P., Bregant dm, M., Breitner aw, T., Broker ax, T. A., Browning co, T. A., Broz ak, M., Bruna de, E., Bruno ae, G. E., Budnikov cs, D., Buesching ax, H., Bufalino de, S., Buncic ah, P., Busch cm, O., Buthelezi bl, Z., Caffarri ab, D., Cai g, X., Caines ec, H., Caliva bd, A., Calvo Villar cw, E., Canoa Roman ah, V., Carena ah, F., Carena ah, W., Carminati ah, F., Casanova Díaz bs, A., Castillo Castellanos n, J., Casula w, E. A. R., Catanescu by, V., Cavicchioli ah, C., Ceballos Sanchez i, C., Cepila al, J., Cerello de, P., Chang dp, B., Chapeland ah, S., Charvet n, J. L., Chattopadhyay dx, S., Chattopadhyay cu, S., Cherney cg, M., Cheshkov dv, C., Cheynis dv, B., Chibante Barroso ah, V., Chinellato do, D. D., Chochula ah, P., Chojnacki ca, M., Choudhury dx, S., Christakoglou cb, P., Christensen ca, C. H., Christiansen af, P., Chujo dt, T., Chung cp, S. U., Cicalo cz, C., Cifarelli l, L., Z, Cindolo cy, F., Cleymans cj, J., Colamaria ae, F., Colella ae, D., Collu w, A., Colocci z, M., Conesa Balbastre br, G., Conesa del Valle av, Z., Connors ec, M. E., Contin x, G., Contreras k, J. G., Cormier ce, T. M., Corrales Morales y, Y., Cortese ad, P., Cortés Maldonado b, I., Cosentino bu, M. R., Costa ah, F., Crochet bq, P., Cruz Albino k, R., Cuautle bj, E., Cunqueiro bs, L., Dainese db, A., Dang g, R., Danu bi, A., Das cu, D., Das av, I., Das cu, K., Das d, S., Dash dn, A., Dash as, S., De dx, S., Delagrange df, H., 2, Deloff bx, A., Dénes eb, E., D’Erasmo ae, G., de Barros dm, G. O. V., De Caro l, A., de Cataldo cx, G., de Cuveland an, J., De Falco w, A., De Gruttola ac, D., L, De Marco de, N., De Pasquale ac, S., de Rooij bd, R., Diaz Corchero j, M. A., Dietel az, T., Divià ah, R., Di Bari ae, D., Di Liberto dc, S., Di Mauro ah, A., Di Nezza bs, P., Djuvsland q, Ø., Dobrin bd, A., Dobrowolski bx, T., Domenicis Gimenez dm, D., Dönigus ax, B., Dordic u, O., Dorheim di, S., Dubey dx, A. K., Dubla bd, A., Ducroux dv, L., Dupieux bq, P., Dutta Majumdar cu, A. K., Elia cx, D., Engel aw, H., Erazmus ah, B., Erdal aj, H. A., Eschweiler an, D., Espagnon av, B., Estienne df, M., Esumi dt, S., Evans cv, D., Evdokimov bb, S., Eyyubova u, G., Fabris db, D., Faivre br, J., Falchieri z, D., Fantoni bs, A., Fasel cm, M., Fehlker q, D., Feldkamp az, L., Felea bi, D., Feliciello de, A., Feofilov dw, G., Ferencei cd, J., Fernández Téllez b, A., Ferreiro p, E. G., Ferretti y, A., Festanti ab, A., Figiel dj, J., Figueredo dm, M. A. S., Filchagin cs, S., Finogeev bc, D., Fionda ae, F. M., Fiore ae, E. M., Floratos ci, E., Floris ah, M., Foertsch bl, S., Foka cq, P., Fokin ct, S., Francescon ab, A., Frankenfeld cq, U., Fuchs ah, U., Furget br, C., Fusco Girard ac, M., Gaardhøje ca, J. J., Gagliardi y, M., Gallio y, M., Gangadharan s, D. R., Ganoti ce, P., Garabatos cq, C., Garcia Solis m, E., Gargiulo ah, C., Garishvili bv, I., Gerhard an, J., Germain df, M., Gheata ah, A., Gheata ah, M., Ghidini ae, B., Ghosh dx, P., Ghosh d, S. K., Gianotti bs, P., Giubellino ah, P., Gladysz Dziadus dj, E., Glässel cm, P., Gomez k, R., González Zamora j, P., Gorbunov an, S., Görlich dj, L., Gotovac dh, S., Graczykowski dz, L. K., Grajcarek cm, R., Grelli bd, A., Grigoras ah, A., Grigoras ah, C., Grigoriev bw, V., Grigoryan a, A., Grigoryan bm, S., Grinyov c, B., Grion dd, N., Grosse Oetringhaus ah, J. F., Grossiord dv, J. Y., Grosso ah, R., Guber bc, F., Guernane br, R., Guerzoni z, B., Guilbaud dv, M., Gulbrandsen ca, K., Gulkanyan a, H., Gunji ds, T., Gupta ck, A., Gupta ck, R., Khan o, K. H., Haake az, R., Haaland q, Ø., Hadjidakis av, C., Haiduc bi, M., Hamagaki ds, H., Hamar eb, G., Hanratty cv, L. D., Hansen ca, A., Harris ec, J. W., Hartmann an, H., Harton m, A., Hatzifotiadou cy, D., Hayashi ds, S., Hayrapetyan ah, A., A, Heckel ax, S. T., Heide az, M., Helstrup aj, H., Herghelegiu by, A., Herrera Corral k, G., Hess ag, B. A., Hetland aj, K. F., Hicks ec, B., Hippolyte ba, B., Hladky bg, J., Hristov ah, P., Huang q, M., Humanic s, T. J., Hutter an, D., Hwang t, D. S., Ianigro dv, J. C., Ilkaev cs, R., Ilkiv bx, I., Inaba dt, M., Incani w, E., Innocenti y, G. M., Ionita ah, C., Ippolitov ct, M., Irfan r, M., Ivanov cq, M., Ivanov cf, V., Ivanytskyi c, O., Jachołkowski aa, A., Jahnke dm, C., Jang bo, H. J., Janik dz, M. A., Jayarathna do, P. H. S. Y., Jena as, S., Jimenez Bustamante bj, R. T., Jones cv, P. G., Jung ao, H., Jusko cv, A., Kalcher an, S., Kalinak bf, P., Kalweit ah, A., Kamin ax, J., Kang ed, J. H., Kaplin bw, V., Kar dx, S., Karasu Uysal bp, A., Karavichev bc, O., Karavicheva bc, T., Karpechev bc, E., Kebschull aw, U., Keidel ee, R., Ketzer ai, B., Khan r, M. M., 3, Khan cu, P., Khan dx, S. A., Khanzadeev cf, A., Kharlov bb, Y., Kileng aj, B., Kim ed, B., Kim bo, D. W., Kim dp, D. J., Kim ao, J. S., Kim ao, M., Kim ed, M., Kim t, S., Kim ed, T., Kirsch an, S., Kisel an, I., Kiselev be, S., Kisiel dz, A., Kiss eb, G., Klay f, J. L., Klein cm, J., Klein Bösing az, C., Kluge ah, A., Knichel cq, M. L., Knospe dk, A. G., Kobdaj dg, C., Köhler cq, M. K., Kollegger an, T., Kolojvari dw, A., Kondratiev dw, V., Kondratyeva bw, N., Konevskikh bc, A., Kovalenko dw, V., Kowalski dj, M., Kox br, S., Koyithatta Meethaleveedu as, G., Kral dp, J., Králik bf, I., Kramer ax, F., Kravcˇáková am, A., Krelina al, M., Kretz an, M., Krivda cv, M., Krizek cd, F., Krus al, M., Kryshen cf, E., Krzewicki cq, M., Kucˇera cd, V., Kucheriaev ct, Y., Kugathasan ah, T., Kuhn ba, C., Kuijer cb, P. G., Kulakov ax, I., Kumar as, J., Kurashvili bx, P., Kurepin bc, A., Kurepin bc, A. B., Kuryakin cs, A., Kushpil cd, S., Kushpil cd, V., Kweon cm, M. J., Kwon ed, Y., Ladron de Guevara bj, P., Lagana Fernandes dm, C., Lakomov av, I., Langoy dy, R., Lara aw, C., Lardeux df, A., Lattuca y, A., La Pointe bd, S. L., La Rocca aa, P., Lee cv, G. R., Legrand ah, I., Lehnert ax, J., Lemmon cc, R. C., Lenhardt cq, M., Lenti cx, V., Leogrande bd, E., Leoncino y, M., León Monzón dl, I., Lévai eb, P., Li bq, S., G, Lien dy, J., Q, Lietava cv, R., Lindal u, S., Lindenstruth an, V., Lippmann cq, C., Lisa s, M. A., Ljunggren af, H. M., Lodato bd, D. F., Loenne q, P. I., Loggins ea, V. R., Loginov bw, V., Lohner cm, D., Loizides bu, C., Lopez bq, X., López Torres i, E., Lu cm, X. G., Luettig ax, P., Lunardon ab, M., Luo g, J., Luzzi ah, C., Gago cw, A. M., Jacobs bu, P. M., Ma ec, R., Maevskaya bc, A., Mager ah, M., Mahapatra bh, D. P., Maire cm, A., Malaev cf, M., Maldonado Cervantes bj, I., Malinina bm, L., 4, Mal’Kevich be, D., Malzacher cq, P., Mamonov cs, A., Manceau de, L., Manko ct, V., Manso bq, F., Manzari cx, V., Marchisone bq, M., Y, Mareš bg, J., Margotti cy, A., Marín cq, A., Markert ah, C., Marquard ax, M., Martashvili dr, I., Martin cq, N. A., Martinengo ah, P., Martínez b, M. I., Martínez García df, G., Martin Blanco df, J., Martynov c, Y., Mas df, A., Masciocchi cq, S., Masera y, M., Masoni cz, A., Massacrier df, L., Mastroserio ae, A., Matyja dj, A., Mayer dj, C., Mazer dr, J., Mazumder at, R., Mazzoni dc, M. A., Meddi v, F., Menchaca Rocha bk, A., Mercado Pérez cm, J., Meres ak, M., Miake dt, Y., Mikhaylov be, K., Milano ah, L., Milosevic u, J., 5, Mischke bd, A., Mishra at, A. N., Mis ́kowiec cq, D., Mitu bi, C. M., Mlynarz ea, J., Mohanty dx, B., Molnar ba, L., Montaño Zetina k, L., Montes j, E., Morando ab, M., Moreira De Godoy dm, D. A., Moretto ab, S., Morreale dp, A., Morsch ah, A., Muccifora bs, V., Mudnic dh, E., Muhuri dx, S., Mukherjee dx, M., Müller ah, H., Munhoz dm, M. G., Murray cj, S., Musa ah, L., Musinsky bf, J., Nandi as, B. K., Nania cy, R., Nappi cx, E., Nattrass dr, C., Nayak dx, T. K., Nazarenko cs, S., Nedosekin be, A., Nicassio cq, M., Niculescu ah, M., Nielsen ca, B. S., Nikolaev ct, S., Nikulin ct, S., Nikulin cf, V., Nilsen cg, B. S., Noferini l, F., Nomokonov bm, P., Nooren bd, G., Nyanin ct, A., Nyatha as, A., Nystrand q, J., Oeschler cm, H., Oh ec, S., Oh bn, S. K., Ao, 6, Okatan bp, A., Olah eb, L., Oleniacz dz, J., Oliveira Da Silva dm, A. C., Onderwaater cq, J., Oppedisano de, C., Ortiz Velasquez af, A., Oskarsson af, A., Otwinowski cq, J., Oyama cm, K., Pachmayer cm, Y., Pachr al, M., Pagano ac, P., Paic ́ bj, G., Painke an, F., Pajares p, C., Pal dx, S. K., Palmeri da, A., Pant as, D., Papikyan a, V., Pappalardo da, G. S., Park cq, W. J., Passfeld az, A., Patalakha bb, D. I., Paticchio cx, V., Paul cu, B., Pawlak dz, T., Peitzmann bd, T., Pereira Da Costa n, H., Pereira De Oliveira Filho dm, E., Peresunko ct, D., Pérez Lara cb, C. E., Peryt dz, W., Pesci cy, A., Pestov e, Y., Petrácˇek al, V., Petran al, M., Petris by, M., Petrovici by, M., Petta aa, C., Pikna ak, M., Pillot df, P., Pinazza ah, O., Pinsky do, L., Piyarathna do, D. B., Planinic cr, M., Płoskon ́ bu, M., Pluta dz, J., Pochybova eb, S., Podesta Lerma dl, P. L. M., Poghosyan ah, M. G., Pohjoisaho aq, E. H. O., Polichtchouk bb, B., Poljak cr, N., Pop by, A., Porteboeuf Houssais bq, S., Porter bu, J., Pospisil al, V., Potukuchi ck, B., Prasad ea, S. K., D, Preghenella cy, R., Prino de, F., Pruneau ea, C. A., Pshenichnov bc, I., Puddu w, G., Pujahari ea, P., Punin cs, V., Putschke ea, J., Qvigstad u, H., Rachevski dd, A., Raha d, S., Rak dp, J., Rakotozafindrabe n, A., Ramello ad, L., Raniwala cl, R., Raniwala cl, S., Räsänen aq, S. S., Rascanu ax, B. T., Rathee ch, D., Rauf o, A. W., Razazi w, V., Read dr, K. F., Real br, J. S., Redlich bx, K., 7, Reed ec, R. J., Rehman q, A., Reichelt ax, P., Reicher bd, M., Reidt ah, F., Renfordt ax, R., Reolon bs, A. R., Reshetin bc, A., Rettig an, F., Revol ah, J. P., Reygers cm, K., Riabov cf, V., Ricci bt, R. A., Richert af, T., Richter u, M., Riedler ah, P., Riegler ah, W., Riggi aa, F., Rivetti de, A., Rocco bd, E., Rodríguez Cahuantzi b, M., Rodriguez Manso cb, A., Røed u, K., Rogochaya bm, E., Rohni ck, S., Rohr an, D., Röhrich q, D., Romita dq, R., Ronchetti bs, F., Ronflette df, L., Rosnet bq, P., Rossegger ah, S., Rossi ah, A., Roy at, A., Roy ba, C., Roy cu, P., Rubio Montero j, A. J., Russo y, R., Ryabinkin ct, E., Ryabov cf, Y., Rybicki dj, A., Sadovsky bb, S., Šafarˇík ah, K., Sahlmuller ax, B., Sahoo at, R., Sahu bh, P. K., Saini dx, J., Salgado p, C. A., Salzwedel s, J., Sambyal ck, S., Samsonov cf, V., Sanchez Castro ba, X., Sánchez Rodríguez dl, F. J., Šándor bf, L., Sandoval bk, A., Sano dt, M., Santagati aa, G., Sarkar dx, D., Scapparone cy, E., Scarlassara ab, F., Scharenberg co, R. P., Schiaua by, C., Schicker cm, R., Schmidt cq, C., Schmidt ag, H. R., Schuchmann ax, S., Schukraft ah, J., Schulc al, M., Schuster ec, T., Schutz ah, Y., Schwarz cq, K., Schweda cq, K., Scioli z, G., Scomparin de, E., Scott cv, P. A., Scott dr, R., Segato ab, G., Seger cg, J. E., Selyuzhenkov cq, I., Seo cp, J., Serradilla j, E., Sevcenco bi, A., Shabetai df, A., Shabratova bm, G., Shahoyan ah, R., Shangaraev bb, A., Sharma dr, N., Sharma ck, S., Shigaki ar, K., Shtejer y, K., Sibiriak ct, Y., Siddhanta cz, S., Siemiarczuk bx, T., Silvermyr ce, D., Silvestre br, C., Simatovic du, G., Singaraju dx, R., Singh ck, R., Singha bz, S., Singhal dx, V., Sinha dx, B. C., Sinha cu, T., Sitar ak, B., Sitta ad, M., Skaali u, T. B., Skjerdal q, K., Smakal al, R., Smirnov ec, N., Snellings bd, R. J. M., Søgaard af, C., Soltz bv, R., Song cp, J., Song ed, M., Soramel ab, F., Sorensen dr, S., Spacek al, M., Sputowska dj, I., Spyropoulou Stassinaki ci, M., Srivastava co, B. K., Stachel cm, J., Stan bi, I., Stefanek bx, G., Steinpreis s, M., Stenlund af, E., Steyn bl, G., Stiller cm, J. H., Stocco df, D., Stolpovskiy bb, M., Strmen ak, P., Suaide dm, A. A. P., Subieta Vasquez y, M. A., Sugitate ar, T., Suire av, C., Suleymanov o, M., Sultanov be, R., Šumbera cd, M., Susa cr, T., Symons bu, T. J. M., Szanto de Toledo dm, A., Szarka ak, I., Szczepankiewicz ah, A., Szymanski dz, M., Takahashi dn, J., Tangaro ae, M. A., Tapia Takaki av, J. D., 8, Tarantola Peloni ax, A., Tarazona Martinez ah, A., Tauro ah, A., Tejeda Muñoz b, G., Telesca ah, A., Terrevoli ae, C., Ter Minasyan ct, A., Thäder cq, J., Thomas bd, D., Tieulent dv, R., Timmins do, A. R., Toia db, A., Torii ds, H., Trubnikov c, V., Trzaska dp, W. H., Tsuji ds, T., Tumkin cs, A., Turrisi db, R., Tveter u, T. S., Ulery ax, J., Ullaland q, K., Ulrich aw, J., Uras dv, A., Usai w, G. L., Vajzer cd, M., Vala bf, M., Valencia Palomo bq, L., Vallero y, S., Vande Vyvre ah, P., Vannucci bt, L., Van Hoorne ah, J. W., van Leeuwen bd, M., Vargas b, A., Varma as, R., Vasileiou ci, M., Vasiliev ct, A., Vechernin dw, V., Veldhoen bd, M., Venaruzzo x, M., Vercellin y, E., Vergara Limón b, S., Vernet h, R., Verweij ea, M., Vickovic dh, L., Viesti ab, G., Viinikainen dp, J., Vilakazi bl, Z., Villalobos Baillie cv, O., Vinogradov ct, A., Vinogradov dw, L., Vinogradov cs, Y., Virgili ac, T., Viyogi dx, Y. P., Vodopyanov bm, A., Völkl cm, M. A., Voloshin be, K., Voloshin ea, S. A., Volpe ah, G., von Haller ah, B., Vorobyev dw, I., Vranic cq, D., Vrláková am, J., Vulpescu bq, B., Vyushin cs, A., Wagner q, B., Wagner cq, J., Wagner al, V., Wang g, M., Wang cm, Y., Watanabe dt, D., Weber do, M., Wessels az, J. P., Westerhoff az, U., Wiechula ag, J., Wikne u, J., Wilde az, M., Wilk bx, G., Wilkinson cm, J., Williams cy, M. C. S., Windelband cm, B., Winn cm, M., Xiang g, C., Yaldo ea, C. G., Yamaguchi ds, Y., Yang n, H., Yang g, P., Yang q, S., Yano ar, S., Yasnopolskiy ct, S., Yi cp, J., Yin g, Z., Yoo cp, I. K., Yushmanov ct, I., Zaccolo ca, V., Zach al, C., Zaman o, A., Zampolli cy, C., Zaporozhets bm, S., Zarochentsev dw, A., Závada bg, P., Zaviyalov cs, N., Zbroszczyk dz, H., Zgura bi, I. S., Zhalov cf, M., Zhang g, F., Zhang g, H., Zhang bq, X., Bu, G, Zhang g, Y., Zhao u, C., Zhou g, D., Zhou g, F., Zhou bd, Y., Zhu g, H., Zhu g, J., Zhu g, X., Zichichi l, A., Zimmermann cm, A., Zimmermann ah, M. B., Zinovjev c, G., Zoccarato dv, Y., Zynovyev c, M., Zyzak, M., Contin, Giacomo, Piano, Stefano, Lea, Ramona, Camerini, Paolo, Luparello, Grazia, Fragiacomo, Enrico, Margagliotti, Giacomo, Rui, Rinaldo, B., Abelev bv, J., Adam al, D., Adamová cd, M. M., Aggarwal ch, G., Aglieri Rinella ah, M., Agnello cn, De, A. G., Agocs eb, A., Agostinelli z, N., Agrawal a, Z., Ahammed dx, N., Ahmad r, A., Ahmad Masoodi r, I., Ahmed o, S. U., Ahn bo, S. A., Ahn bo, I., Aimo de, Cn, S., Aiola ec, M., Ajaz o, A., Akindinov be, D., Aleksandrov ct, B., Alessandro de, D., Alexandre cv, A., Alici l, Cy, A., Alkin c, J., Alme aj, T., Alt an, V., Altini ae, S., Altinpinar q, I., Altsybeev dw, C., Alves Garcia Prado dm, C., Andrei by, A., Andronic cq, V., Anguelov cm, J., Anielski az, T., Anticˇic ́ cr, F., Antinori db, P., Antonioli cy, L., Aphecetche df, H., Appelshäuser ax, N., Arbor br, S., Arcelli z, N., Armesto p, R., Arnaldi de, T., Aronsson ec, I. C., Arsene u, Cq, M., Arslandok ax, A., Augustinus ah, R., Averbeck cq, T. C., Awes ce, M. D., Azmi r, Cj, M., Bach an, A., Badalà da, Y. W., Baek ao, Bq, S., Bagnasco de, R., Bailhache ax, V., Bairathi cl, R., Bala ck, A., Baldisseri n, F., Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa ah, J., Bán bf, R. C., Baral bh, R., Barbera aa, F., Barile ae, G. G., Barnaföldi eb, L. S., Barnby cv, V., Barret bq, J., Bartke dj, M., Basile z, N., Bastid bq, S., Basu dx, B., Bathen az, G., Batigne df, B., Batyunya bm, P. C., Batzing u, C., Baumann ax, I. G., Bearden ca, H., Beck ax, C., Bedda cn, N. K., Behera a, I., Belikov ba, F., Bellini z, R., Bellwied do, E., Belmont Moreno bk, G., Bencedi eb, S., Beole y, I., Berceanu by, A., Bercuci by, Y., Berdnikov cf, D., Berenyi eb, M. E., Berger di, A. A. E., Bergognon df, R. A., Bertens bd, D., Berzano y, L., Betev ah, A., Bhasin ck, A. K., Bhati ch, B., Bhattacharjee ap, J., Bhom dt, L., Bianchi y, N., Bianchi b, C., Bianchin bd, J., Bielcˇík al, J., Bielcˇíková cd, A., Bilandzic ca, S., Bjelogrlic bd, F., Blanco j, D., Blau ct, C., Blume ax, F., Bock bu, Cm, F. V., Boehmer di, A., Bogdanov bw, H., Bøggild ca, M., Bogolyubsky bb, L., Boldizsár eb, M., Bombara am, J., Book ax, H., Borel n, A., Borissov cp, Ea, J., Bornschein an, F., Bossú bl, M., Botje cb, E., Botta y, S., Böttger aw, P., Braun Munzinger cq, M., Bregant dm, Df, T., Breitner aw, T. A., Broker ax, T. A., Browning co, M., Broz ak, E., Bruna de, G. E., Bruno ae, D., Budnikov c, H., Buesching ax, S., Bufalino de, P., Buncic ah, O., Busch cm, Z., Buthelezi bl, D., Caffarri ab, X., Cai g, H., Caines ec, A., Caliva bd, E., Calvo Villar cw, V., Canoa Roman ah, F., Carena ah, W., Carena ah, F., Carminati ah, A., Casanova Díaz b, J., Castillo Castellanos n, E. A. R., Casula w, V., Catanescu by, C., Cavicchioli ah, C., Ceballos Sanchez i, J., Cepila al, P., Cerello de, B., Chang dp, S., Chapeland ah, J. L., Charvet n, S., Chattopadhyay dx, S., Chattopadhyay cu, M., Cherney cg, C., Cheshkov dv, B., Cheynis dv, V., Chibante Barroso ah, D. D., Chinellato do, Dn, P., Chochula ah, M., Chojnacki ca, S., Choudhury dx, P., Christakoglou cb, C. H., Christensen ca, P., Christiansen af, T., Chujo dt, S. U., Chung cp, C., Cicalo cz, L., Cifarelli l, Z, F., Cindolo cy, J., Cleymans cj, F., Colamaria ae, D., Colella ae, A., Collu w, M., Colocci z, G., Conesa Balbastre br, Z., Conesa del Valle av, Ah, M. E., Connors ec, G., Contin x, J. G., Contreras k, T. M., Cormier ce, Y., Corrales Morales y, P., Cortese ad, I., Cortés Maldonado b, M. R., Cosentino bu, Dm, F., Costa ah, P., Crochet bq, R., Cruz Albino k, E., Cuautle bj, L., Cunqueiro b, A., Dainese db, R., Dang g, A., Danu bi, D., Das cu, I., Das av, K., Das cu, S., Das d, A., Dash dn, S., Dash a, S., De dx, H., Delagrange df, A., Deloff bx, E., Dénes eb, G., D’Erasmo ae, G. O. V., de Barros dm, A., De Caro l, Ac, G., de Cataldo cx, J., de Cuveland an, A., De Falco w, D., De Gruttola ac, L, N., De Marco de, S., De Pasquale ac, R., de Rooij bd, M. A., Diaz Corchero j, T., Dietel az, R., Divià ah, D., Di Bari ae, S., Di Liberto dc, A., Di Mauro ah, P., Di Nezza b, Ø., Djuvsland q, A., Dobrin bd, T., Dobrowolski bx, D., Domenicis Gimenez dm, B., Dönigus ax, O., Dordic u, S., Dorheim di, A. K., Dubey dx, A., Dubla bd, L., Ducroux dv, P., Dupieux bq, A. K., Dutta Majumdar cu, D., Elia cx, H., Engel aw, B., Erazmus ah, H. A., Erdal aj, D., Eschweiler an, B., Espagnon av, M., Estienne df, S., Esumi dt, D., Evans cv, S., Evdokimov bb, G., Eyyubova u, D., Fabris db, J., Faivre br, D., Falchieri z, A., Fantoni b, M., Fasel cm, D., Fehlker q, L., Feldkamp az, D., Felea bi, A., Feliciello de, G., Feofilov dw, J., Ferencei cd, A., Fernández Téllez b, E. G., Ferreiro p, A., Ferretti y, A., Festanti ab, J., Figiel dj, M. A. S., Figueredo dm, Dq, S., Filchagin c, D., Finogeev bc, F. M., Fionda ae, E. M., Fiore ae, E., Floratos ci, M., Floris ah, S., Foertsch bl, P., Foka cq, S., Fokin ct, A., Francescon ab, U., Frankenfeld cq, U., Fuchs ah, C., Furget br, M., Fusco Girard ac, J. J., Gaardhøje ca, M., Gagliardi y, M., Gallio y, D. R., Gangadharan, Bu, P., Ganoti ce, Ci, C., Garabatos cq, E., Garcia Solis m, C., Gargiulo ah, I., Garishvili bv, J., Gerhard an, M., Germain df, A., Gheata ah, M., Gheata ah, Bi, B., Ghidini ae, P., Ghosh dx, S. K., Ghosh d, P., Gianotti b, P., Giubellino ah, E., Gladysz Dziadus dj, P., Glässel cm, R., Gomez k, P., González Zamora j, S., Gorbunov an, L., Görlich dj, S., Gotovac dh, L. K., Graczykowski dz, R., Grajcarek cm, A., Grelli bd, A., Grigoras ah, C., Grigoras ah, V., Grigoriev bw, A., Grigoryan a, S., Grigoryan bm, B., Grinyov c, N., Grion dd, J. F., Grosse Oetringhaus ah, J. Y., Grossiord dv, R., Grosso ah, F., Guber bc, R., Guernane br, B., Guerzoni z, M., Guilbaud dv, K., Gulbrandsen ca, H., Gulkanyan a, T., Gunji d, A., Gupta ck, R., Gupta ck, K. H., Khan o, R., Haake az, Ø., Haaland q, C., Hadjidakis av, M., Haiduc bi, H., Hamagaki d, G., Hamar eb, L. D., Hanratty cv, A., Hansen ca, J. W., Harris ec, H., Hartmann an, A., Harton m, D., Hatzifotiadou cy, S., Hayashi d, A., Hayrapetyan ah, A, S. T., Heckel ax, M., Heide az, H., Helstrup aj, A., Herghelegiu by, G., Herrera Corral k, B. A., Hess ag, K. F., Hetland aj, B., Hicks ec, B., Hippolyte ba, J., Hladky bg, P., Hristov ah, M., Huang q, T. J., Humanic, D., Hutter an, D. S., Hwang t, J. C., Ianigro dv, R., Ilkaev c, I., Ilkiv bx, M., Inaba dt, E., Incani w, G. M., Innocenti y, C., Ionita ah, M., Ippolitov ct, M., Irfan r, M., Ivanov cq, V., Ivanov cf, O., Ivanytskyi c, A., Jachołkowski aa, C., Jahnke dm, H. J., Jang bo, M. A., Janik dz, P. H. S. Y., Jayarathna do, S., Jena a, Do, R. T., Jimenez Bustamante bj, P. G., Jones cv, H., Jung ao, A., Jusko cv, S., Kalcher an, P., Kalinak bf, A., Kalweit ah, J., Kamin ax, J. H., Kang ed, V., Kaplin bw, S., Kar dx, A., Karasu Uysal bp, O., Karavichev bc, T., Karavicheva bc, E., Karpechev bc, U., Kebschull aw, R., Keidel ee, B., Ketzer ai, Di, M. M., Khan r, P., Khan cu, S. A., Khan dx, A., Khanzadeev cf, Y., Kharlov bb, B., Kileng aj, B., Kim ed, D. W., Kim bo, Ao, D. J., Kim dp, J. S., Kim ao, M., Kim ao, M., Kim ed, S., Kim t, T., Kim ed, S., Kirsch an, I., Kisel an, S., Kiselev be, A., Kisiel dz, G., Kiss eb, J. L., Klay f, J., Klein cm, C., Klein Bösing az, A., Kluge ah, M. L., Knichel cq, A. G., Knospe dk, C., Kobdaj dg, M. K., Köhler cq, T., Kollegger an, A., Kolojvari dw, V., Kondratiev dw, N., Kondratyeva bw, A., Konevskikh bc, V., Kovalenko dw, M., Kowalski dj, S., Kox br, G., Koyithatta Meethaleveedu a, J., Kral dp, I., Králik bf, F., Kramer ax, A., Kravcˇáková am, M., Krelina al, M., Kretz an, M., Krivda cv, Bf, F., Krizek cd, Aq, M., Krus al, E., Kryshen cf, M., Krzewicki cq, V., Kucˇera cd, Y., Kucheriaev ct, T., Kugathasan ah, C., Kuhn ba, P. G., Kuijer cb, I., Kulakov ax, J., Kumar a, P., Kurashvili bx, A., Kurepin bc, A. B., Kurepin bc, A., Kuryakin c, S., Kushpil cd, V., Kushpil cd, M. J., Kweon cm, Au, Y., Kwon ed, P., Ladron de Guevara bj, C., Lagana Fernandes dm, I., Lakomov av, R., Langoy dy, C., Lara aw, A., Lardeux df, A., Lattuca y, S. L., La Pointe bd, P., La Rocca aa, G. R., Lee cv, I., Legrand ah, J., Lehnert ax, R. C., Lemmon cc, M., Lenhardt cq, V., Lenti cx, E., Leogrande bd, M., Leoncino y, I., León Monzón dl, P., Lévai eb, S., Li bq, G, J., Lien dy, Q, R., Lietava cv, S., Lindal u, V., Lindenstruth an, C., Lippmann cq, M. A., Lisa, H. M., Ljunggren af, D. F., Lodato bd, P. I., Loenne q, V. R., Loggins ea, V., Loginov bw, D., Lohner cm, C., Loizides bu, X., Lopez bq, E., López Torres i, X. G., Lu cm, P., Luettig ax, M., Lunardon ab, J., Luo g, C., Luzzi ah, A. M., Gago cw, P. M., Jacobs bu, R., Ma ec, A., Maevskaya bc, M., Mager ah, D. P., Mahapatra bh, A., Maire cm, Ba, M., Malaev cf, I., Maldonado Cervantes bj, L., Malinina bm, D., Mal’Kevich be, P., Malzacher cq, A., Mamonov c, L., Manceau de, V., Manko ct, F., Manso bq, V., Manzari cx, M., Marchisone bq, Y, J., Mareš bg, A., Margotti cy, A., Marín cq, C., Markert ah, Dk, M., Marquard ax, I., Martashvili dr, N. A., Martin cq, P., Martinengo ah, M. I., Martínez b, G., Martínez García df, J., Martin Blanco df, Y., Martynov c, A., Mas df, S., Masciocchi cq, M., Masera y, A., Masoni cz, L., Massacrier df, A., Mastroserio ae, A., Matyja dj, C., Mayer dj, J., Mazer dr, R., Mazumder at, M. A., Mazzoni dc, F., Meddi v, A., Menchaca Rocha bk, J., Mercado Pérez cm, M., Meres ak, Y., Miake dt, K., Mikhaylov be, Bm, L., Milano ah, J., Milosevic u, A., Mischke bd, A. N., Mishra at, D., Mis ́kowiec cq, C. M., Mitu bi, J., Mlynarz ea, B., Mohanty dx, Bz, L., Molnar ba, L., Montaño Zetina k, E., Montes j, M., Morando ab, D. A., Moreira De Godoy dm, S., Moretto ab, A., Morreale dp, A., Morsch ah, V., Muccifora b, E., Mudnic dh, S., Muhuri dx, M., Mukherjee dx, H., Müller ah, M. G., Munhoz dm, S., Murray cj, Bl, L., Musa ah, J., Musinsky bf, B. K., Nandi a, R., Nania cy, E., Nappi cx, C., Nattrass dr, T. K., Nayak dx, S., Nazarenko c, A., Nedosekin be, M., Nicassio cq, M., Niculescu ah, B. S., Nielsen ca, S., Nikolaev ct, S., Nikulin ct, V., Nikulin cf, B. S., Nilsen cg, F., Noferini l, P., Nomokonov bm, G., Nooren bd, A., Nyanin ct, A., Nyatha a, J., Nystrand q, H., Oeschler cm, Ay, S., Oh ec, S. K., Oh bn, Ao, 6, A., Okatan bp, L., Olah eb, J., Oleniacz dz, A. C., Oliveira Da Silva dm, J., Onderwaater cq, C., Oppedisano de, A., Ortiz Velasquez af, A., Oskarsson af, J., Otwinowski cq, K., Oyama cm, Y., Pachmayer cm, M., Pachr al, P., Pagano ac, G., Paic ́ bj, F., Painke an, C., Pajares p, S. K., Pal dx, A., Palmeri da, D., Pant a, V., Papikyan a, G. S., Pappalardo da, W. J., Park cq, A., Passfeld az, D. I., Patalakha bb, V., Paticchio cx, B., Paul cu, T., Pawlak dz, T., Peitzmann bd, H., Pereira Da Costa n, E., Pereira De Oliveira Filho dm, D., Peresunko ct, C. E., Pérez Lara cb, W., Peryt dz, A., Pesci cy, Y., Pestov e, V., Petrácˇek al, M., Petran al, M., Petris by, M., Petrovici by, C., Petta aa, M., Pikna ak, P., Pillot df, O., Pinazza ah, L., Pinsky do, D. B., Piyarathna do, M., Planinic cr, Du, M., Płoskon ́ bu, J., Pluta dz, S., Pochybova eb, P. L. M., Podesta Lerma dl, M. G., Poghosyan ah, Cg, E. H. O., Pohjoisaho aq, B., Polichtchouk bb, N., Poljak cr, A., Pop by, S., Porteboeuf Houssais bq, J., Porter bu, V., Pospisil al, B., Potukuchi ck, S. K., Prasad ea, D, R., Preghenella cy, F., Prino de, C. A., Pruneau ea, I., Pshenichnov bc, G., Puddu w, P., Pujahari ea, As, V., Punin c, J., Putschke ea, H., Qvigstad u, A., Rachevski dd, S., Raha d, J., Rak dp, A., Rakotozafindrabe n, L., Ramello ad, R., Raniwala cl, S., Raniwala cl, S. S., Räsänen aq, B. T., Rascanu ax, D., Rathee ch, A. W., Rauf o, V., Razazi w, K. F., Read dr, J. S., Real br, K., Redlich bx, R. J., Reed ec, A., Rehman q, P., Reichelt ax, M., Reicher bd, F., Reidt ah, R., Renfordt ax, A. R., Reolon b, A., Reshetin bc, F., Rettig an, J. P., Revol ah, K., Reygers cm, V., Riabov cf, R. A., Ricci bt, T., Richert af, M., Richter u, P., Riedler ah, W., Riegler ah, F., Riggi aa, A., Rivetti de, E., Rocco bd, M., Rodríguez Cahuantzi b, A., Rodriguez Manso cb, K., Røed u, E., Rogochaya bm, S., Rohni ck, D., Rohr an, D., Röhrich q, R., Romita dq, Cc, F., Ronchetti b, L., Ronflette df, P., Rosnet bq, S., Rossegger ah, A., Rossi ah, A., Roy at, C., Roy ba, P., Roy cu, A. J., Rubio Montero j, R., Russo y, E., Ryabinkin ct, Y., Ryabov cf, A., Rybicki dj, S., Sadovsky bb, K., Šafarˇík ah, B., Sahlmuller ax, R., Sahoo at, P. K., Sahu bh, J., Saini dx, C. A., Salgado p, J., Salzwedel, S., Sambyal ck, V., Samsonov cf, X., Sanchez Castro ba, Bj, F. J., Sánchez Rodríguez dl, L., Šándor bf, A., Sandoval bk, M., Sano dt, G., Santagati aa, D., Sarkar dx, E., Scapparone cy, F., Scarlassara ab, R. P., Scharenberg co, C., Schiaua by, R., Schicker cm, C., Schmidt cq, H. R., Schmidt ag, S., Schuchmann ax, J., Schukraft ah, M., Schulc al, T., Schuster ec, Y., Schutz ah, K., Schwarz cq, K., Schweda cq, G., Scioli z, E., Scomparin de, P. A., Scott cv, R., Scott dr, G., Segato ab, J. E., Seger cg, I., Selyuzhenkov cq, J., Seo cp, E., Serradilla j, Bk, A., Sevcenco bi, A., Shabetai df, G., Shabratova bm, R., Shahoyan ah, A., Shangaraev bb, N., Sharma dr, Bh, S., Sharma ck, K., Shigaki ar, K., Shtejer y, Y., Sibiriak ct, S., Siddhanta cz, T., Siemiarczuk bx, D., Silvermyr ce, C., Silvestre br, G., Simatovic du, R., Singaraju dx, R., Singh ck, S., Singha bz, Dx, V., Singhal dx, B. C., Sinha dx, T., Sinha cu, B., Sitar ak, M., Sitta ad, T. B., Skaali u, K., Skjerdal q, R., Smakal al, N., Smirnov ec, R. J. M., Snellings bd, C., Søgaard af, R., Soltz bv, J., Song cp, M., Song ed, F., Soramel ab, S., Sorensen dr, M., Spacek al, I., Sputowska dj, M., Spyropoulou Stassinaki ci, B. K., Srivastava co, J., Stachel cm, I., Stan bi, G., Stefanek bx, M., Steinpreis, E., Stenlund af, G., Steyn bl, J. H., Stiller cm, D., Stocco df, M., Stolpovskiy bb, P., Strmen ak, A. A. P., Suaide dm, M. A., Subieta Vasquez y, T., Sugitate ar, C., Suire av, M., Suleymanov o, R., Sultanov be, M., Šumbera cd, T., Susa cr, T. J. M., Symons bu, A., Szanto de Toledo dm, I., Szarka ak, A., Szczepankiewicz ah, M., Szymanski dz, J., Takahashi dn, M. A., Tangaro ae, J. D., Tapia Takaki av, A., Tarantola Peloni ax, A., Tarazona Martinez ah, A., Tauro ah, G., Tejeda Muñoz b, A., Telesca ah, C., Terrevoli ae, A., Ter Minasyan ct, Bw, J., Thäder cq, D., Thomas bd, R., Tieulent dv, A. R., Timmins do, A., Toia db, Ax, H., Torii d, V., Trubnikov c, W. H., Trzaska dp, T., Tsuji d, A., Tumkin c, R., Turrisi db, T. S., Tveter u, J., Ulery ax, K., Ullaland q, J., Ulrich aw, A., Uras dv, G. L., Usai w, M., Vajzer cd, M., Vala bf, L., Valencia Palomo bq, Av, S., Vallero y, P., Vande Vyvre ah, L., Vannucci bt, J. W., Van Hoorne ah, M., van Leeuwen bd, A., Vargas b, R., Varma a, M., Vasileiou ci, A., Vasiliev ct, V., Vechernin dw, M., Veldhoen bd, M., Venaruzzo x, E., Vercellin y, S., Vergara Limón b, R., Vernet h, M., Verweij ea, L., Vickovic dh, G., Viesti ab, J., Viinikainen dp, Z., Vilakazi bl, O., Villalobos Baillie cv, A., Vinogradov ct, L., Vinogradov dw, Y., Vinogradov c, T., Virgili ac, Y. P., Viyogi dx, A., Vodopyanov bm, M. A., Völkl cm, K., Voloshin be, S. A., Voloshin ea, G., Volpe ah, B., von Haller ah, I., Vorobyev dw, D., Vranic cq, J., Vrláková am, B., Vulpescu bq, A., Vyushin c, B., Wagner q, J., Wagner cq, V., Wagner al, M., Wang g, Y., Wang cm, D., Watanabe dt, M., Weber do, J. P., Wessels az, U., Westerhoff az, J., Wiechula ag, J., Wikne u, M., Wilde az, G., Wilk bx, J., Wilkinson cm, M. C. S., Williams cy, B., Windelband cm, M., Winn cm, C., Xiang g, C. G., Yaldo ea, Y., Yamaguchi d, H., Yang n, Bd, P., Yang g, S., Yang q, S., Yano ar, S., Yasnopolskiy ct, J., Yi cp, Z., Yin g, I. K., Yoo cp, I., Yushmanov ct, Zaccolo ca, V., C., Zach al, A., Zaman o, C., Zampolli cy, S., Zaporozhets bm, A., Zarochentsev dw, P., Závada bg, N., Zaviyalov c, H., Zbroszczyk dz, I. S., Zgura bi, M., Zhalov cf, F., Zhang g, H., Zhang g, X., Zhang bq, G, Bu, Y., Zhang g, C., Zhao u, D., Zhou g, F., Zhou g, Y., Zhou bd, H., Zhu g, J., Zhu g, X., Zhu g, A., Zichichi l, A., Zimmermann cm, M. B., Zimmermann ah, Az, G., Zinovjev c, Y., Zoccarato dv, M., Zynovyev c, M., Zyzak, and Contin, Giacomo

Subjects
Relativistic heavy ion collisions, Quarkonium, J/ψ suppression, Quark gluon plasma, Experimental results, Relativistic heavy ion collision
Abstract

The inclusive J/ψ nuclear modification factor (RAA) in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV has been measured by ALICE as a function of centrality in the e+e− decay channel at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8) and as a function of centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity in the μ+μ− decay channel at forward-rapidity (2.5 < y < 4). The J/ψ yields measured in Pb–Pb are suppressed compared to those in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary collisions. The RAA integrated over a centrality range corresponding to 90% of the inelastic Pb–Pb cross section is 0.72±0.06(stat.)±0.10(syst.) at mid-rapidity and 0.58 ± 0.01(stat.) ± 0.09(syst.) at forward-rapidity. At low transverse momentum, significantly larger values of RAA are measured at forward-rapidity compared to measurements at lower energy. These features suggest that a contribution to the J/ψ yield originates from charm quark (re)combination in the deconfined partonic medium.

Published
2014

15. Opposite Influence of Perceptual Memory on Initial and Prolonged Perception of Sensory Ambiguity

Author

de Jong, M.C., Knapen, T.H.J., van Ee, R., Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), Sub Human Perception, Dep Natuurkunde, Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), Sub Human Perception, Dep Natuurkunde, Ben Hamed, Suliann, and Brein en Cognitie (Psychologie, FMG)

Subjects
Binocular rivalry, Visual perception, Time Factors, Vision Disparity, genetic structures, media_common.quotation_subject, Cognitive Neuroscience, Biophysics, lcsh:Medicine, Sensory system, Stimulus (physiology), Biology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Memory, Perception, Psychology, Humans, lcsh:Science, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), media_common, Behavior, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:R, Cognitive Psychology, Ambiguity, Sensory Systems, Visual Perception, Sensory Perception, lcsh:Q, Percept, Photic Stimulation, Cognitive psychology, Research Article, Neuroscience
Abstract

Observers continually make unconscious inferences about the state of the world based on ambiguous sensory information. This process of perceptual decision-making may be optimized by learning from experience. We investigated the influence of previous perceptual experience on the interpretation of ambiguous visual information. Observers were pre-exposed to a perceptually stabilized sequence of an ambiguous structure-from-motion stimulus by means of intermittent presentation. At the subsequent re-appearance of the same ambiguous stimulus perception was initially biased toward the previously stabilized perceptual interpretation. However, prolonged viewing revealed a bias toward the alternative perceptual interpretation. The prevalence of the alternative percept during ongoing viewing was largely due to increased durations of this percept, as there was no reliable decrease in the durations of the pre-exposed percept. Moreover, the duration of the alternative percept was modulated by the specific characteristics of the pre-exposure, whereas the durations of the pre-exposed percept were not. The increase in duration of the alternative percept was larger when the pre-exposure had lasted longer and was larger after ambiguous pre-exposure than after unambiguous pre-exposure. Using a binocular rivalry stimulus we found analogous perceptual biases, while pre-exposure did not affect eye-bias. We conclude that previously perceived interpretations dominate at the onset of ambiguous sensory information, whereas alternative interpretations dominate prolonged viewing. Thus, at first instance ambiguous information seems to be judged using familiar percepts, while re-evaluation later on allows for alternative interpretations. ispartof: PLoS One vol:7 issue:1 pages:1-15 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2012

16. Percept-switch nucleation in binocular rivalry reveals local adaptation characteristics of early visual processing

Author

van Ee, R., Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), and Sub Human Perception

Abstract

When the two eyes view incompatible images that subtend the entire visual field, perception alternates between the two images unpredictably: at seemingly random times and locations, observers experience sudden changes in the awareness of the unchanging visual stimulation. Here we focus on the very first spontaneous breakout from the very first suppression phase after onset of the two eyes' competing whole-field stimuli. We call such spontaneous local breakout an "initial percept-switch nucleation." We employed homogeneous visual input to examine where, and how, spontaneous local initial percept-switch nucleations originate, demonstrating that their spatial distribution contains locally random inhomogeneities, which are eye- and observer-dependent. We were able to predict the occurrence probability of the percept nucleations by adaptation buildup of the neurons associated with the representation of one eye's image. Intriguingly, the neuronal processes related to both cross-inhibition and local eye dominance could not predict nucleation probability; this is because nucleation inhomogeneity appeared to be different from another previously reported local inhomogeneity known as "onset bias" signifying the local first dominance-choice inhomogeneity upon stimulus onset. Collectively, we reveal a governing role of local adaptation in the neurons associated with early visual processing of one eye's image, in the origination of new phases in awareness

Published
2011

17. The Role of Frontal and Parietal Brain Areas in Bistable Perception

Author

Knapen, T.H.J., Brascamp, J.W., Pearson, J., van Ee, R., Blake, R., Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), Dep Natuurkunde, and Sub Human Perception

Abstract

When sensory input allows for multiple, competing perceptual interpretations, observers’ perception can fluctuate over time, which is called bistable perception. Imaging studies in humans have revealed transient responses in a right-lateralized network in the frontalparietal cortex (rFPC) around the time of perceptual transitions between interpretations, potentially reflecting the neural initiation of transitions.Weinvestigated the role of this activity in malehumanobservers, with specific interest in its relation to the temporal structure of transitions, which can be either instantaneous or prolonged by periods during which observers experience a mix of both perceptual interpretations. Using both bistable apparent motion and binocular rivalry, we show that transition-related rFPC activity is larger for transitions that last longer, suggesting that rFPC remains active as long as a transition lasts. We also replicate earlier findings that rFPC activity during binocular rivalry transitions exceeds activity during yoked transitions that are simulated using video replay. However, we show that this established finding holds only when perceptual transitions are replayed as instantaneous events. When replay, instead, depicts transitions with the actual durations reported during rivalry, yoked transitions and genuine rivalry transitions elicit equal activity. Together, our results are consistent with the view that at least a component of rFPC activation during bistable perception reflects a response to perceptual transitions, both real and yoked, rather than their cause. This component of activity could reflect the change in sensory experience and task demand that occurs during transitions, which fits well with the known role of these areas in attention and decision making

Published
2011

18. On the functional relevance of frontal cortex for passive and voluntarily controlled bistable vision

Author

de Graaf, T.A., de Jong, M.C., Goebel, R., van Ee, R., Sack, A.T., Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), Sub Human Perception, Cognitive Neuroscience, RS: FPN CN 1, RS: FPN CN 4, Physics of Man, Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), and Sub Human Perception

Subjects
Adult, Male, multistable, genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Motion Perception, Posterior parietal cortex, Stimulus (physiology), volition, ambiguous, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Young Adult, Neuroimaging, Perception, Parietal Lobe, medicine, Humans, Vision, Ocular, media_common, Visual Cortex, Working memory, switching, perceptual alternation, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, attention, Frontal Lobe, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Frontal lobe, TMS, top-down, Female, reversal, Psychology, Neuroscience, control, Photic Stimulation, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

In bistable vision, one constant ambiguous stimulus leads to 2 alternating conscious percepts. This perceptual switching occurs spontaneously but can also be influenced through voluntary control. Neuroimaging studies have reported that frontal regions are activated during spontaneous perceptual switches, leading some researchers to suggest that frontal regions causally induce perceptual switches. But the opposite also seems possible: frontal activations may themselves be caused by spontaneous switches. Classically implicated in attentional processes, these same regions are also candidates for the origins of voluntary control over bistable vision. Here too, it remains unknown whether frontal cortex is actually functionally relevant. It is even possible that spontaneous perceptual switches and voluntarily induced switches are mediated by the same top-down mechanisms. To directly address these issues, we here induced ‘‘virtual lesions,’’ with transcranial magnetic stimulation, in frontal, parietal, and 2 lower level visual cortices using an established ambiguous structure-from-motion stimulus. We found that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was causally relevant for voluntary control over perceptual switches. In contrast, we failed to find any evidence for an active role of frontal cortex in passive bistable vision. Thus, it seems the same pathway used for willed top-down modulation of bistable vision is not used during passive bistable viewing.

Published
2011

19. Does monocular visual space contain planes?

Author

Koenderink, J.J., Albertazzi, L, van Doorn, A.J., van de Grind, W.A., Kappers, A.M.L., Lappin, J.L., Norman, J.F., Oomes, A.H.J., Te Pas, S.F., Philips, F., Pont, S.C., Richards, W.A., Todd, J.T., van Ee, R., Verstraten, F.A.J., De Vries, J.P., Cognition & perceptual systems, Developmental Biology, Physics of Man, Dep Natuurkunde, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Sub Human Perception, and Afd Psychologische functieleer

Subjects
Scientific
Published
2010

20. Real 3D increases perceived depth over anaglyphs but does not cancel stereo-anomaly

Author

Kooi, F. L., Dekker, D., van Ee, R., de Brouwer, A-M., TNO Defensie en Veiligheid, Physics of Man, and Sub Human Perception

Subjects
Depth cue, Accommodation, Vision, Three dimensional, 3-D displays, Depth range, 3D display, Stereo vision, Eye movements, Depth perception, Binocular disparity, Stereo-anomaly, Depth information, Stereopsis
Abstract

Background: About 30% of the population has difficulties detecting the sign and the magnitude of binocular disparity in the absence of eye movements, a phenomenon called stereo-anomaly. The stereo-anomaly tests so far are based on disparity only (e.g. red-green stereograms), which means that other depth cues cannot be used and even provide conflicting depth information. Objective: Here we investigate whether stereo-anomaly also occurs using a "true-3D" display which provides other depth cues that are all consistent with one particular distance in depth. Secondly, we examine differences in depth perception between red-green (anaglyphic) and true-3D displays. Finally, we test the displays' relative viewing comfort. Method: Sixteen observers (four of which were stereo-anomalous) judged the distance in depth between a fixation square and one or two bars. They were presented on an anaglyphic and a true-3D display, both in the fovea and 5 deg in the visual periphery. Observers were asked about the viewing comfort of both displays. Results: Stereo-anomalous observers also showed difficulties in perceiving depth with the true-3D display. Yet the true-3D display increased the perceived depth range compared to the red-green display for practically all observers at both eccentricities. All observers reported greater viewing comfort for the true-3D display. Conclusion: Stereo-anomaly is a robust phenomenon. True-3D displays improve depth perception and viewing comfort, most likely because retinal blur provides depth information consistent with disparity. Application: The true-3D display shows potential for clearly and comfortably displaying objects at different depth planes. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2010

21. Attending to auditory signals slows visual alternations in binocular rivalry

Author

Alais, D., van Boxtel, J. J., Parker, A., van Ee, R., Physics of Man, Sub Human Perception, Physics of Man, and Sub Human Perception

Subjects
Binocular rivalry, Vision, Binocular, Visual perception, Audiovisual interactions, media_common.quotation_subject, Perceptual ambiguity, Ambiguity, Sensory Systems, Task (project management), Ophthalmology, Acoustic Stimulation, Perception, Auditory Perception, Reaction Time, Humans, Attention, Psychology, Necker cube, Rivalry, media_common, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

A previous study has shown that diverting attention from binocular rivalry to a visual distractor task results in a slowing of rivalry alternation rate between simple orthogonal orientations. Here, we investigate whether the slowing of visual perceptual alternations will occur when attention is diverted to an auditory distractor task, and we extend the investigation by testing this for two kinds of binocular rivalry stimuli and for the Necker cube. Our results show that doing the auditory attention task does indeed slow visual perceptual alternations, that the slowing effect is a graded function of attentional load, and that the attentional slowing effect is less pronounced for grating rivalry than for house/face rivalry and for the Necker cube. These results are explained in terms of supramodal attentional resources modulating a high-level interpretative process in perceptual ambiguity, together with a role for feedback to early visual processes in the case of binocular rivalry.

Published
2010

22. Stereo-vision: Head-centric coding of retinal signals

Author

van Ee, R., Erkelens, C.J., Physics of Man, Sub Human Perception, and Sub Algemeen Natuurkunde

Abstract

Stereo-vision is generally considered to provide information about depth in a visual scene derived from disparities in the positions of an image on the two eyes; a new study has found evidence that retinal-image coding relative to the head is also important.

Published
2010

27. Colour helps to solve the binocular matching problem

Author

den Ouden, HEM, van Ee, R, and de Haan, EHF

Subjects
Depth Perception, Vision, Binocular, genetic structures, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Integrative Physiology, Color, eye diseases, Color Perception, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

The spatial differences between the two retinal images, called binocular disparities, can be used to recover the three-dimensional (3D) aspects of a scene. The computation of disparity depends upon the correct identification of corresponding features in the two images. Understanding what image features are used by the brain to solve this binocular matching problem is an important issue in research on stereoscopic vision. The role of colour in binocular vision is controversial and it has been argued that colour is ineffective in achieving binocular vision. In the current experiment subjects were required to indicate the amount of perceived depth. The stimulus consisted of an array of fronto-parallel bars uniformly distributed in a constant sized volume. We studied the perceived depth in those 3D stimuli by manipulating both colour (monochrome, trichrome) and luminance (congruent, incongruent). Our results demonstrate that the amount of perceived depth was influenced by colour, indicating that the visual system uses colour to achieve binocular matching. Physiological data have revealed cortical cells in macaque V2 that are tuned both to binocular disparity and to colour. We suggest that one of the functional roles of these cells may be to help solve the binocular matching problem.

Published
2005

29. Perceived slant from Werner's illusion affects binocular saccadic eye movements

Author

Both, M.H., van Ee, R., Erkelens, C.J., Physics of Man (Perceptual Motor Integration), Universiteit Utrecht, and Dep Natuurkunde

Subjects
slant perception, disconjugacy, saccades, binocular vision
Abstract

We examined whether binocular saccadic eye movements are determined solely by disparity-defined slant or whether they are influenced by both disparity-defined and perceived slant. The Werner illusion was used to distinguish a plane’s disparity-defined slant from its perceived slant. Three subjects viewed a horizontally elongated test strip that was flanked vertically by two planes. The perceived slant of the test strip depended on the slant of the flanking planes. Subjects estimated the perceived slant of the test strip by adjusting the angle between two lines in a symbolic top view. The saccadic eye movements between targets on the test strip were recorded both with visual feedback (“later saccades”) and without visual feedback (“first saccades”). We calculated vergence differences for saccades between targets on the test strip (and for fixation on these targets). For each geometrical test strip slant we examined whether the vergence differences could be explained as an effect of perceived slant. This study shows that saccadic eye movements are determined predominantly by the disparity-defined slant, but they can be affected by perceived slant, particularly when multiple saccades are being made.

Published
2003

34. Motion direction, speed and orientation in binocular matching

Author

Ee, R. van and Anderson, Barton L.

Subjects
Geneeskunde
Abstract

The spatial differences between the images seen by the two eyes, called binocular disparities, can be used to recover the volumetric (three-dimensional) aspects of a scene. The computation of disparity depends upon the correct identi®cation of corresponding features in the two images. Understanding what image features are used by the brain to solve this matching problem is one of the main issues in stereoscopic vision. Many cortical neurons in visual areas V1 (ref. 2), MT (refs 3, 4) and MST (refs 5, 6) that are tuned to binocular disparity are also tuned to orientation, motion direction and speed. Although psychophysical work has shown that motion direction can facilitate binocular matching, the psychophysical literature on the role of orientation is mixed^8,9 , and it has been argued that speed differences are ineffective in aiding correspondence^7. Here we use a different psychophysical paradigm to show that the visual system uses similarities in orientation, motion direction and speed to achieve binocular correspondence. These results indicate that cells that multiplex orientation, motion direction, speed and binocular disparity may help to solve the binocular matching problem.

Published
2001

35. Gezichtsbedrog onthult hersenwerking in drie-dimensionale waarneming

Author

Ee, R. van

Subjects
Biologie
Abstract

Gezichtsbedrog biedt een venster op de werking van de hersenen omdat het onderliggende waarnemings-mechanismen kan onthullen op een manier die niet mogelijk is tijdens waarheidsgetrouwe waarneming. Hier wordt getoond hoe een klassiek voorbeeld van gezichtsbedrog inspiratie geeft voor de ontwikkeling van een hersenmodel voor drie- dimensionale waarneming. Zulke modellen kunnen tal van praktische toepassingen vinden in de geneeskunde, luchtvaart en robotiek.

Published
1998

36. Association between Clinical Frailty Scale score and hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 (COMET): an international, multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort study

Author

Roos S G Sablerolles, MD, Melvin Lafeber, MD, Janneke A L van Kempen, MD, Bob P A van de Loo, Msc, Eric Boersma, ProfPhD, Wim J R Rietdijk, PhD, Harmke A Polinder-Bos, MD, Simon P Mooijaart, MD, Hugo van der Kuy, ProfPharmD, Jorie Versmissen, MD, Miriam C Faes, MD, LA Agnoletto, J Aleman, S Andreassi, LM Andrews, L Ashfield, H Bell, AKB Bengaard, SB Berlinghini, KB Bini, ZB Bisoffi, KB Blum, E Boemaars, GB Boni, TM Bosch, BE Bosma, F Boutkourt, C Bufarini, A Bulsink, RC Cabuk, GC Callens, MC Candela, MC Canonici, EC Capone, IC Carmo, FC Caruso, PC Chessa, GC Cohet, I Cornelissen-Wesseling, KML Crommentuijn, FM de Stoppelaar, HAJM de Wit, DS Deben, LJJ Derijks, MDC Di Carlo, J Diepstraten, B Dilek, DMK Duchek-Mann, MM Ebbens, LJ Ellerbroek, M Ezinga, MF Falcao, FF Falcao, LF Fantini, HF Farinha, PMG Filius, NJ Fitzhugh, G Fleming, TF Forsthuber, GG Gambarelli, MG Gambera, CGY García Yubero, Z Getrouw, CN Ghazarian, N Goodfellow, MQG Gorgas, RG Grinta, K Guda, DH Haider, J Hanley, KH Heitzeneder, WL Hemminga, LC Hendriksen, DL Hilarius, FEF Hogenhuis, IC Hoogendoorn-de Graaf, MBH Houlind, MAH Huebler, KPGM Hurkens, PKC Janssen, E Jong, MHW Kappers, KFM Keijzers, MK Kemogni, EM Kemper, RA Kranenburg, LL Krens, JL G Le Grand, J Liang, S Lim, NL Lindner, EL Loche, AL Lubich, B Maat, CM Maesano, AM Maiworm, M Maragna, FM Marchesini, IM Martignoni, G M Martini, CM Masini, R Mc Menamin, DM Mendes, M Miarons, R Moorlag, MR Müller, FN Nagele, KN Nemec, GO Oka, AG Otten-Helmers, SP Pagliarino, FP Pappalardo, M Patel, PM Peverini, FP Pieraccini, EMP Platania, NPK Pons-Kerjean, LPH Portillo Horcajada, GR Rametta, JR Rijo, EE Roelofsen, E Roobol-Meuwese, LR Rossi, SAH Russel, Z Safipour, FS Salaffi, L Saleh, AMS Schimizzi, JMGA Schols, MS Schwap, MG Scott, EAM Slijfer, EMA Slob, JS Soares, MS Solano, F Sombogaard, GS Stemer, MT Tardella, PGJ ter Horst, RT Tessari, J Tournoy, RB van den Berg, L Van der Linden, PD van der Linden, SC van Dijk, RW Van Etten, IMM van Haelst, M van Heuckelum, HJM van Kan, C van Nieuwkoop, HAW van Onzenoort, P van Wijngaarden, JDJ Verdonk, Fv Verri, JAMC Verstijnen, MV Veyrier, EV Viegas, LE Visser, A Vos, MAM Vromen, PC Wierenga, DR Wong, CZ Zenico, and TZ Zuppini

Subjects
Geriatrics, RC952-954.6, Medicine
Abstract

Summary: Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the scarcity of resources has necessitated triage of critical care for patients with the disease. In patients aged 65 years and older, triage decisions are regularly based on degree of frailty measured by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). However, the CFS could also be useful in patients younger than 65 years. We aimed to examine the association between CFS score and hospital mortality and between CFS score and admission to intensive care in adult patients of all ages with COVID-19 across Europe. Methods: This analysis was part of the COVID Medication (COMET) study, an international, multicentre, retrospective observational cohort study in 63 hospitals in 11 countries in Europe. Eligible patients were aged 18 years and older, had been admitted to hospital, and either tested positive by PCR for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or were judged to have a high clinical likelihood of having SARS-CoV-2 infection by the local COVID-19 expert team. CFS was used to assess level of frailty: fit (CFS1–3), mildly frail (CFS4–5), or frail (CFS6–9). The primary outcome was hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was admission to intensive care. Data were analysed using a multivariable binary logistic regression model adjusted for covariates (age, sex, number of drugs prescribed, and type of drug class as a proxy for comorbidities). Findings: Between March 30 and July 15, 2020, 2434 patients (median age 68 years [IQR 55–77]; 1480 [61%] men, 954 [30%] women) had CFS scores available and were included in the analyses. In the total sample and in patients aged 65 years and older, frail patients and mildly frail patients had a significantly higher risk of hospital mortality than fit patients (total sample: CFS6–9 vs CFS1–3 odds ratio [OR] 2·71 [95% CI 2·04–3·60], p

Published
2021
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37. Binocular Rivalry in Vision: Nucleation and Dynamics of Domain Walls.

Author

Kröger, H., Lajeunesse, F., and van Ee, R.

Subjects
BINOCULAR rivalry, BINOCULAR vision, NUCLEATION, MATHEMATICAL models, PHASE transitions
Abstract

This work addresses percept switches in binocular rivalry caused by visual stimuli. We discuss binocular rivalry in 1D in the framework of the Wilson-Blake-Lee model. We show that the onset of oscillations shows critical behavior with a second order phase transition. We also address binocular rivalry in 2D, discuss some recent experimental results and ask the question, what can be learnt from comparison of such experiments with modeling predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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39. Improving the efficiency of copper indium gallium (Di-)selenide (CIGS) solar cells through integration of a moth-eye textured resist with a refractive index similar to aluminum doped zinc oxide.

Author

Burghoorn, M., Kniknie, B., van Deelen, J., van Ee, R., Xu, M., Vroon, Z., Buskens, P., and van de Belt, R.

Subjects
SOLAR cell efficiency, GALLIUM arsenide solar cells, COPPER indium selenide, ELECTRICAL conductors, TRANSPARENT electronics, REFRACTIVE index, ALUMINUM-zinc alloys, SHORT-circuit currents
Abstract

Textured transparent conductors are widely used in thin-film silicon solar cells. They lower the reflectivity at interfaces between different layers in the cell and/or cause an increase in the path length of photons in the Si absorber layer, which both result in an increase in the number of absorbed photons and, consequently, an increase in short-circuit current density (Jsc) and cell efficiency. Through optical simulations, we recently obtained strong indications that texturing of the transparent conductor in copper indium gallium (di-)selenide (CIGS) solar cells is also optically advantageous. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that the Jsc and efficiency of CIGS solar cells with an absorber layer thickness (dCIGS) of 0.85 μm, 1.00 μm and 2.00 μm increase through application of a moth-eye textured resist with a refractive index that is sufficiently similar to AZO (nresist = 1.792 vs. nAZO = 1.913 at 633 nm) to avoid large optical losses at the resist-AZO interface. On average, Jsc increases by 7.2%, which matches the average reduction in reflection of 7.0%. The average relative increase in efficiency is slightly lower (6.0%). No trend towards a larger relative increase in Jsc with decreasing dCIGS was observed. Ergo, the increase in Jsc can be fully explained by the reduction in reflection, and we did not observe any increase in Jsc based on an increased photon path length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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42. Stereo-Vision: Head-Centric Coding of Retinal Signals

Author

van Ee, R., Erkelens, C.J., Physics of Man, Sub Human Perception, and Sub Algemeen Natuurkunde

Subjects
Depth Perception, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), genetic structures, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), business.industry, education, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Retinal, Biology, Retina, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, eye diseases, Retinal correspondence, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stereopsis, chemistry, Humans, Computer vision, sense organs, Artificial intelligence, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, psychological phenomena and processes, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Coding (social sciences)
Abstract

SummaryStereo-vision is generally considered to provide information about depth in a visual scene derived from disparities in the positions of an image on the two eyes; a new study has found evidence that retinal-image coding relative to the head is also important.

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47. The efficacy and feasibility of an immersive virtual reality game to train spatial attention orientation after stroke: A stage 2 report.

Author

Huygelier H, Tuts N, Michiels K, Note E, Schillebeeckx F, Tournoy J, Vanden Abeele V, van Ee R, and Gillebert CR

Abstract

Spatial neglect is a post-stroke attention deficit for which there is no evidence-based intervention. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) may increase treatment efficacy, as it allows to train spatial attention in a rich environment. This study evaluated the efficacy and feasibility of an IVR patient-tailored training (HEMIRehApp). Using a cross-over design, an active (spatially biased) and placebo (spatially unbiased) IVR intervention were compared. We aimed to recruit 8 per-protocol left-sided neglect patients. The primary outcome was response times on the Posner cueing task. To evaluate feasibility, we documented the number of recruited patients, cybersickness and patients' experience with HEMIRehApp. After 2 years of recruitment, we were able to enrol 6 patients, of whom 2 completed the full protocol. The target sample size was not feasible due to a lower than expected prevalence of left-sided neglect and a higher than expected drop-out rate. The planned group-level analysis was therefore replaced by a single-case analysis. The results in the 2 per-protocol cases suggest a superior effect of spatially biased IVR training than unbiased IVR training inside IVR. IVR training was feasible as all 6 enrolled patients were able to complete 10 IVR training sessions, but the cross-over protocol itself was unfeasible. While the low sample size prevented us from conclusively evaluating the efficacy of HEMIRehApp, our preliminary single-case results suggest that neglect patients were able to improve attentional orientation towards eccentric target locations in IVR. Follow-up studies are needed to further validate these findings., (© 2024 The British Psychological Society.)

Published
2024
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48. Multisensory Stimulation and Priming (MuSSAP) in 4-10 Months Old Infants with a Unilateral Brain Lesion: A Pilot Randomised Clinical Trial.

Author

Verhaegh APM, Groen BE, Aarts PBM, van Ee R, Willemsen MAAP, Jongsma MLA, and Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Pilot Projects, Upper Extremity physiology, Hand, Brain, Occupational Therapy
Abstract

Aim: To explore the effect of an Early Intensive-Upper Limb intervention (EI-UL) compared to EI-UL with integrated Multisensory Stimulation And Priming (MuSSAP) training on improving manual ability in infants with a unilateral brain lesion., Method: A pilot randomised clinical trial with pre- and postintervention and follow-up measurements (T0, T1, and T2) was conducted. Sixteen infants with a unilateral brain lesion (corrected age is 4-10 months) received home-based intervention with video coaching. Eight infants received EI-UL and eight infants received EI-UL with integrated MuSSAP training. Primary outcome was the Hand Assessment for Infants (HAI) score. Additionally, effects were explored on initiation of goal-directed movements in both groups and on attention in the EI-UL with integrated MuSSAP training group., Results: No significant group differences in HAI scores were found. Overall, HAI 'Affected hand score' increased between T0 and T1 ( p = 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.04) and between T0 and T2 ( p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.28); and the HAI 'Both Hands Measure' increased between T0 and T1 ( p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.72) and between T0 and T2 ( p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.81). At the start of the intervention, six infants (three in both groups) did not demonstrate initiation of goal-directed contralesional upper limb movements. During the intervention one infant receiving EI-UL and all three infants receiving EI-UL with integrated MuSSAP training started to initiate goal-directed movements., Conclusion: The results suggest manual ability of infants with unilateral brain lesion improved with both interventions. We hypothesize that the integrated MuSSAP training may facilitate attention and initiation of contralesional upper limb goal-directed movements. This trial is registered with NCT05533476)., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding publication of this article., (Copyright © 2023 Anke P. M. Verhaegh et al.)

Published
2023
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49. An immersive virtual reality game to train spatial attention orientation after stroke: A feasibility study.

Author

Huygelier H, Schraepen B, Lafosse C, Vaes N, Schillebeeckx F, Michiels K, Note E, Vanden Abeele V, van Ee R, and Gillebert CR

Subjects
Attention physiology, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Perceptual Disorders diagnosis, Stroke complications, Stroke diagnosis, Virtual Reality
Abstract

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) may boost neglect recovery, as it can provide an engaging experience in a 3D environment. We designed an IVR rehabilitation game for neglect patients using the Oculus Rift. Multisensory cues were presented in the neglected visual field in a patient-tailored way. We acquired pilot data in 15 neurologically healthy controls and 7 stroke patients. First, we compared cybersickness before and after VR exposure. Second, we assessed the user experience through a questionnaire. Third, we tested whether neglect symptoms corresponded between the VR game and a computerized cancelation task. Fourth, we evaluated the effect of the multisensory cueing on target discrimination. Last, we tested two algorithms to tailor the game to the characteristics of the neglected visual field. Cybersickness significantly reduced after VR exposure in six stroke patients and was low in healthy controls. Patients rated the user experience neutral to positive. In addition, neglect symptoms were consistent between a computerized cancelation and VR rehabilitation task. The multisensory cue positively affected target discrimination in the game and we successfully presented sensory stimulation to the neglected visual field in a patient-tailored way. Our results show that it is promising to use gamified patient-tailored immersive VR for neglect rehabilitation.

Published
2022
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50. Dual ontogeny of disease-associated microglia and disease inflammatory macrophages in aging and neurodegeneration.

Author

Silvin A, Uderhardt S, Piot C, Da Mesquita S, Yang K, Geirsdottir L, Mulder K, Eyal D, Liu Z, Bridlance C, Thion MS, Zhang XM, Kong WT, Deloger M, Fontes V, Weiner A, Ee R, Dress R, Hang JW, Balachander A, Chakarov S, Malleret B, Dunsmore G, Cexus O, Chen J, Garel S, Dutertre CA, Amit I, Kipnis J, and Ginhoux F

Subjects
Aging, Animals, Brain pathology, Humans, Macrophages pathology, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Receptors, Immunologic, Alzheimer Disease genetics, Microglia pathology
Abstract

Brain macrophage populations include parenchymal microglia, border-associated macrophages, and recruited monocyte-derived cells; together, they control brain development and homeostasis but are also implicated in aging pathogenesis and neurodegeneration. The phenotypes, localization, and functions of each population in different contexts have yet to be resolved. We generated a murine brain myeloid scRNA-seq integration to systematically delineate brain macrophage populations. We show that the previously identified disease-associated microglia (DAM) population detected in murine Alzheimer's disease models actually comprises two ontogenetically and functionally distinct cell lineages: embryonically derived triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-dependent DAM expressing a neuroprotective signature and monocyte-derived TREM2-expressing disease inflammatory macrophages (DIMs) accumulating in the brain during aging. These two distinct populations appear to also be conserved in the human brain. Herein, we generate an ontogeny-resolved model of brain myeloid cell heterogeneity in development, homeostasis, and disease and identify cellular targets for the treatment of neurodegeneration., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests A.S. and F.G. are inventors on a patent filed, owned, and managed by A∗ccelerate technologies Pte Ltd, A(∗)STAR, Singapore, on technology related to the work presented in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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