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2,603 results on '"Dunn, James"'

2. A human autoimmune organoid model reveals IL-7 function in coeliac disease

Author

Santos, António J. M., van Unen, Vincent, Lin, Zhongqi, Chirieleison, Steven M., Ha, Nhi, Batish, Arpit, Chan, Joshua E., Cedano, Jose, Zhang, Elisa T., Mu, Qinghui, Guh-Siesel, Alexander, Tomaske, Madeline, Colburg, Deana, Varma, Sushama, Choi, Shannon S., Christophersen, Asbjørn, Baghdasaryan, Ani, Yost, Kathryn E., Karlsson, Kasper, Ha, Andrew, Li, Jing, Dai, Hongjie, Sellers, Zachary M., Chang, Howard Y., Dunn, James C. Y., Zhang, Bing M., Mellins, Elizabeth D., Sollid, Ludvig M., Fernandez-Becker, Nielsen Q., Davis, Mark M., and Kuo, Calvin J.

Published
2024
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6. Allometrically scaling tissue forces drive pathological foreign-body responses to implants via Rac2-activated myeloid cells

Author

Padmanabhan, Jagannath, Chen, Kellen, Sivaraj, Dharshan, Henn, Dominic, Kuehlmann, Britta A., Kussie, Hudson C., Zhao, Eric T., Kahn, Anum, Bonham, Clark A., Dohi, Teruyuki, Beck, Thomas C., Trotsyuk, Artem A., Stern-Buchbinder, Zachary A., Than, Peter A., Hosseini, Hadi S., Barrera, Janos A., Magbual, Noah J., Leeolou, Melissa C., Fischer, Katharina S., Tigchelaar, Seth S., Lin, John Q., Perrault, David P., Borrelli, Mimi R., Kwon, Sun Hyung, Maan, Zeshaan N., Dunn, James C. Y., Nazerali, Rahim, Januszyk, Michael, Prantl, Lukas, and Gurtner, Geoffrey C.

Published
2023
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11. Critical Cultural Awareness and Learning through Digital Environments

Author

Dunn, James D.

Abstract

Students with cultural and linguistic competence are needed to navigate an increasingly globalized society. This study collected and analyzed cultural awareness data from students who communicated with people of other cultures through Virtual Reality (VR) environments. Students from a private university in Japan engaged in directed communication with other students from the USA using an online virtual chat program. A questionnaire based on the Global Perspectives Inventory (GPI) was used by the students to self-report their views on the intercultural interactions and give a metacognitive analysis of their intercultural competence/knowledge of intercultural phenomena. In addition to directed communicative objectives, students were given the chance to engage in free conversation in the digital space created by the software to facilitate intercultural critical cultural awareness skills. Early findings show that students were able to improve critical cultural awareness through a virtual experience. [For the complete proceedings, see ED600837.]

Published
2019

21. Use of Immunosuppression and the Risk of Subsequent Overall or Cancer Mortality

Author

Kempen, John H., Newcomb, Craig W., Washington, Terri L., Foster, C. Stephen, Sobrin, Lucia, Thorne, Jennifer E., Jabs, Douglas A., Suhler, Eric B., Rosenbaum, James T., Sen, H. Nida, Levy-Clarke, Grace A., Nussenblatt, Robert B., Bhatt, Nirali P., Lowder, Careen Y., Goldstein, Debra A., Leiderman, Yannek I., Acharya, Nisha R., Holland, Gary N., Read, Russell W., Dunn, James P., Dreger, Kurt A., Artornsombudh, Pichaporn, Begum, Hosne A., Fitzgerald, Tonetta D., Kothari, Srishti, Payal, Abhishek R., Daniel, Ebenezer, Gangaputra, Sapna S., Kaçmaz, R. Oktay, Liesegang, Teresa L., Pujari, Siddharth S., Khachatryan, Naira, Maghsoudlou, Armin, Suga, Hilkiah K., Pak, Clara M., Helzlsouer, Kathy J., and Buchanich, Jeanine M.

Published
2023
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24. Verifying Unfamiliar Identities: Effects of Processing Name and Face Information in the Same Identity-Matching Task

Author

Trinh, Anita, Dunn, James D., and White, David

Abstract

Matching the identity of unfamiliar faces is important in applied identity verification tasks, for example when verifying photo ID at border crossings, in secure access areas, or when issuing identity credentials. In these settings, other biographical details--such as name or date of birth on an identity document--are also often compared to existing records, but the impact of these concurrent checks on decisions has not been examined. Here, we asked participants to sequentially compare name, then face information between an ID card and digital records to detect errors. Across four experiments (combined n = 274), despite being told that mismatches between written name pairs and face image pairs were independent, participants were more likely to say that face images matched when names also matched. Across all experiments, we found that this bias was unaffected by the image quality, suggesting that the source of the bias is somewhat independent of perceptual processes. In a final experiment, we show that this decisional bias was found only for name checks, but not when participants were asked to check ID card expiration dates or unrelated object names. We conclude that the bias arises from processing identity information and propose that it operates at the level of unfamiliar person identity representations. Results are interpreted in the context of theoretical models of face processing, and we discuss applied implications.

Published
2022
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25. Statistical Feature Training Improves Fingerprint-Matching Accuracy in Novices and Professional Fingerprint Examiners

Author

Growns, Bethany, Towler, Alice, Dunn, James D., Salerno, Jessica M., Schweitzer, N. J., and Dror, Itiel E.

Abstract

Forensic science practitioners compare visual evidence samples (e.g. fingerprints) and decide if they originate from the same person or different people (i.e. fingerprint 'matching'). These tasks are perceptually and cognitively complex--even practising professionals can make errors--and what limited research exists suggests that existing professional training is ineffective. This paper presents three experiments that demonstrate the benefit of perceptual training derived from mathematical theories that suggest statistically rare features have diagnostic utility in visual comparison tasks. Across three studies (N = 551), we demonstrate that a brief module training participants to focus on statistically rare fingerprint features improves fingerprint-matching performance in both novices and experienced fingerprint examiners. These results have applied importance for improving the professional performance of practising fingerprint examiners, and even other domains where this technique may also be helpful (e.g. radiology or banknote security).

Published
2022
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31. A tissue-like neurotransmitter sensor for the brain and gut

Author

Li, Jinxing, Liu, Yuxin, Yuan, Lei, Zhang, Baibing, Bishop, Estelle Spear, Wang, Kecheng, Tang, Jing, Zheng, Yu-Qing, Xu, Wenhui, Niu, Simiao, Beker, Levent, Li, Thomas L., Chen, Gan, Diyaolu, Modupeola, Thomas, Anne-Laure, Mottini, Vittorio, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., Dunn, James C. Y., Cui, Bianxiao, Pașca, Sergiu P., Cui, Yi, Habtezion, Aida, Chen, Xiaoke, and Bao, Zhenan

Published
2022
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39. Stigma consciousness in Toronto's mixed-tenure Regent Park neighbourhood.

Author

Rowe, Daniel J. and Dunn, James R.

Subjects
*SOCIAL stigma, *CONSCIOUSNESS, *PUBLIC housing, *URBANIZATION
Abstract

The ongoing mixed-tenure redevelopment of Toronto's Regent Park neighbourhood is a multi-decade effort to rebuild the aging community's stock of post-war public housing and radically reshape the social composition of the community with the introduction of market owners and renters. This research provides a useful quantitative complement to the now extensive body of qualitative research concerning the neighbourhood's redevelopment, specifically investigating perceptions of stigma among both public housing and market residents using Pinel's Stigma Consciousness Questionnaire. We find that respondents of all tenures report relatively low levels of stigma consciousness. Unexpectedly, the largest observed difference between discrete tenure groups was between market owners and renters within the market units. Additionally, we find that non-native speakers of English report lower levels of stigma consciousness while the largest source of variation, by a wide margin, is between individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Recommandations pour une reprise equitable apres la pandemie de COVID-19 au Canada

Author

Persaud, Nav, Woods, Hannah, Workentin, Aine, Adekoya, Itunu, Dunn, James R., Hwang, Stephen W., Maguire, Jonathon, Pinto, Andrew D., O'Campo, Patricia, Rourke, Sean B., and Werb, Daniel

Subjects
Health
Abstract

Les iniquites en matiere de sante, ou les differences evitables de l'etat de sante de populations diverses, qui ont ete revelees et exacerbees durant la pandemie de COVID-19 pourraient etre [...]

Published
2022
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45. Recommendations for equitable COVID-19 pandemic recovery in Canada

Author

Persaud, Nav, Woods, Hannah, Workentin, Aine, Adekoya, Itunu, Dunn, James R., Hwang, Stephen W., Maguire, Jonathon, Pinto, Andrew D., O'Campo, Patricia, Rourke, Sean B., and Werb, Daniel

Subjects
Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects -- Canada, Welfare -- Methods, Economic recovery -- Analysis, Health care disparities -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Health inequities--or avoidable differences in health status between populations--that were exposed and exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic can be addressed through interventions and policy changes that were studied before SARS-CoV-2 [...]

Published
2021
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46. Ideas made real : how a mediating instrument governs by enacting logics in practice

Author

Dunn, James McAlastair, Mitchell, Falconer, and Jeacle, Ingrid

Subjects
657, accounting, governmentality, institutional logics
Abstract

This thesis explores how symbolic ideas embedded in an accounting instrument come to be enacted in practice: detailing the processes through which they are realised by actors. It draws on theories of governmentality and the institutional logics perspective to develop a holistic theorisation of how programmes, ideas or ‘logics’ come to be enacted in practice as individuals interact with a performance appraisal process. It seeks to develop a theorised narrative that unpicks the various realities which actors construct in a particular assemblage. The story is informed by an abductive case study of one branch of John Lewis Department Stores. It develops a model which details the factors which influence the effective performativity of the accounting instrument. As such it explores how governance occurs as non-local ideas are prescribed to, and then enacted in, a local domain. The model describes how actors interact with a ‘mediating instrument’ and thereby constitute multiple realities based on three moderating factors: underlying ties to existing logics, self-interest and others’ influence. In outlining these moderating factors the thesis also highlights that multiple logics are more likely to be enacted when they are added or merged to existing sense making, in comparison to when they are framed or reframed according to those existing framings. As such it contributes to governmentality by detailing the process of governing and unpacking the factors which influence whether a mediating instrument is effectively performative. Additionally it contributes to institutional theory by providing a more nuanced understanding of how the symbolic elements of logics come to be enacted in practice through interactions with such material artefacts and how actors come to recognise the legitimacy of alternatives.

Published
2016

49. Glaucoma Surgical Outcomes in Patients with a History of Scleritis.

Author

Wong, Jae-Chiang, Savsani, Esika, Mahmoudzadeh, Raziyeh, Salabati, Mirataollah, Razeghinejad, Reza, Lee, Daniel, Shukla, Aakriti G., Myers, Jonathan S., Pro, Michael J., Moster, Marlene R., Dunn, James P., and Kolomeyer, Natasha Nayak

Subjects
SCLERITIS, IRIS (Eye), GLAUCOMA, TREATMENT effectiveness, MEDICAL centers
Abstract

To assess the outcomes of glaucoma surgery in patients with a history of scleritis at a tertiary medical center. The retrospective case series included patients with a history of scleritis who required glaucoma surgery between 4/2006 and 8/2021. Two hundred and eighty-one eyes of 259 patients had glaucoma and scleritis with 28 eyes (10%) of 25 patients requiring glaucoma surgery. Post-operatively, one eye (4%) had infectious scleritis. Eleven (39%) surgeries failed: 5 tube shunts, 5 cyclophotocoagulation, and 1 gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy. Five (18%) eyes required tube revisions due to tube exposures without infection (3), iris blocking the tube (1), or to shorten tube length (1). Patients with a history of scleritis have a low risk of scleritis recurrence or scleral perforation after glaucoma surgery but should be counseled appropriately on the higher risk of reoperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Social Support, Depression and Self-Reported Physical Health in Persons Waiting for Access to Subsidized Housing.

Author

Woodhall-Melnik, Julia, Lamont, Allyson, Nombro, Emily, Dunn, James R., and Dutton, Daniel D. J.

Subjects
HOUSING, EVIDENCE-based policy, HOUSING subsidies, SOCIAL support, SOCIAL impact
Abstract

Housing is a pervasive determinant of physical and mental health. Studies indicate the importance of social support to the mental and physical health of individuals who are unhoused; however, to date, little is known about this relationship in persons who are housed in unaffordable accommodations. As the demand for subsidized housing continues to increase far beyond sustainable levels in many countries, investigations of the implications of social support on the health and wellbeing of those waiting for access to subsidized accommodations becomes important to generate evidence-based policy responses. Using data from the NB Housing Study, this paper presents an analysis of the relationships between perceived social support, depression, and self-reported physical health in individuals who wait for access to subsidized housing in New Brunswick, Canada (n = 271). Hierarchical linear regression of Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3) scores on Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale 10 (CES-D-10) scores and of OSSS-3 scores on self-reported physical health scores finds increases in social support are associated with decreased depression (F [1, 260] = 26.34, p <.001, R 2 =.32) and greater physical health (F [1, 260] = 7.62, p =.006, R 2 =.15). The findings indicate a need to focus on health interventions that improve mental and physical health alongside social support. Implications for programming, policy, and future research are discussed. Plain language summary: Subsidized Housing, Social Support and Health Housing is a pervasive determinant of health. Studies find that social support impacts the mental and physical health of individuals who are unhoused; however, little is known about this relationship in persons who are housed in unaffordable accommodations. As housing crises persist in many countries, investigations of the implications of social support on the health of those waiting for access to government subsidized accommodations is important to generate evidence-based policy responses. Using data from the NB Housing Study, we analyze the relationships between perceived social support, depression, and self-reported physical health in individuals who wait for access to subsidized housing in New Brunswick, Canada. Our analyses indicate that individuals with higher social support report greater health and decreased depression. This indicates a need to focus on interventions that improve mental and physical health alongside social support, income support, and access to housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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