716 results on '"Driver, Simon"'
Search Results
2. Utilization of overground exoskeleton gait training during inpatient rehabilitation: a descriptive analysis
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Gillespie, Jaime, Arnold, Dannae, Trammell, Molly, Bennett, Monica, Ochoa, Christa, Driver, Simon, Callender, Librada, Sikka, Seema, Dubiel, Rosemary, and Swank, Chad
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- 2023
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3. Intensity of overground robotic exoskeleton training in two persons with motor-complete tetraplegia: a case series
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Bosteder, Katelyn D., Moore, Ashlyn, Weeks, Ariana, Dawkins, Jonathan D., Trammell, Molly, Driver, Simon, Hamilton, Rita, and Swank, Chad
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- 2023
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4. The Temporal Relationship Between Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Secondary Conditions During the First Year After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
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Esterov, Dmitry, Pradhan, Sujata, Driver, Simon, Whyte, John, Bell, Kathleen R., Barber, Jason, Temkin, Nancy, and Bombardier, Charles H.
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- 2024
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5. Linking biomarkers with healthy lifestyle outcomes after stroke: Supplementary results of a 12-month randomized controlled trial
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Swank, Chad, McShan, Evan, Bottiglieri, Teodoro, Zurawski, Sandy, Callender, Librada, Bennett, Monica, Dubiel, Randi, and Driver, Simon
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- 2024
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6. Development of Composite Measures of Neighborhood Economic Factors for Use in Spinal Cord Injury Outcomes Studies: A Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Database Study
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Botticello, Amanda L., Murphy, Lauren, Charlifue, Susan, Chen, Yuying, Corrigan, John, Driver, Simon, Eagye, CB, Wilroy, Jereme, and Lequerica, Anthony
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- 2024
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7. A randomized controlled trial protocol for people with traumatic brain injury enrolled in a telehealth delivered diabetes prevention program (tGLB-TBI)
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Driver, Simon, McShan, Evan Elizabeth, Bennett, Monica, Calhoun, Stephanie, Callender, Librada, Swank, Chad, and Dubiel, Rosemary
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- 2023
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8. Effectiveness and feasibility of the workout on wheels internet intervention (WOWii) for individuals with spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled trial
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Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine, Lee, Jaehoon, Ochoa, Christa, Lopez, Amber, Sarker, Erina, Driver, Simon, Shegog, Ross, and Lin, Suh-Jen
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- 2022
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9. Prevention of posttraumatic stress during inpatient rehabilitation post spinal cord injury: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of Brief Prolonged Exposure Therapy (Brief PE)
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Powers, Mark B., Douglas, Megan E., Driver, Simon, Sikka, Seema, Hamilton, Rita, Swank, Chad, Callender, Librada, Ochoa, Christa, Bennett, Monica, Stewart, Neil, Chauvin, Gregory V., Rothbaum, Barbara O., and Warren, Ann Marie
- Published
- 2022
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10. Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD among spinal cord injury survivors: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
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Powers, Mark B., Pogue, Jamie R., Curcio, Nicholas E., Patel, Sarita, Wierzchowski, Andrea, Thomas, Estrella V., Warren, Ann Marie, Adams, Maris, Turner, Emma, Carl, Emily, Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine, Sikka, Seema, Foreman, Michael, Leonard, Kiara, Douglas, Megan, Bennett, Monica, and Driver, Simon
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- 2021
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11. Baseline health-related self-efficacy for individuals following stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury prior to enrollment in a weight-loss intervention.
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Douglas, Megan E., Driver, Simon, Ochoa, Christa, McShan, Evan, Callender, Librada, and Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine
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OBESITY treatment , *WEIGHT loss , *WOUNDS & injuries , *CROSS-sectional method , *SELF-efficacy , *DATA analysis , *BODY mass index , *WHEELCHAIRS , *GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin , *EXERCISE , *RESEARCH funding , *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *FISHER exact test , *SEX distribution , *BODY weight , *SPINAL cord injuries , *SEVERITY of illness index , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *AGE distribution , *PROBLEM solving , *SURVEYS , *RACE , *ANALYSIS of variance , *STATISTICS , *MARITAL status , *NUTRITIONAL status , *BRAIN injuries , *STROKE , *HEALTH promotion , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *COMPARATIVE studies , *BLOOD pressure , *DATA analysis software , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *DEMOGRAPHY , *TIME , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *EMPLOYMENT , *WELL-being , *REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
To examine health-related self-efficacy for individuals following acquired brain or spinal cord injury prior to enrollment in a weight-loss intervention and associations with demographics, injury characteristics, and additional physiologic variables. Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data for community-dwelling adults following stroke (CVA), traumatic brain injury (TBI), or spinal cord injury (SCI) across three disability-adapted weight-loss interventions. Overall results suggest a significant difference between injury type and self-efficacy as measured by the Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices (SRAHP) scale. On average, individuals with SCI had the lowest overall perceived self-efficacy of the three groups (11.2-unit difference; (CI: −17.4, −5.0), followed by those with TBI (9.5-unit difference; (CI: −16.7, −2.4). There were also differences between groups in age, number of household members, time since injury, sex, race, marital status, physiological measures, and employment status. Results suggest that individuals with different disabilities following neurological injuries have different baseline perceptions in their ability to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly. Health interventions should be tailored for these groups based on disability-specific barriers and should include components to enhance health-related self-efficacy to address weight management among these populations. Evidence suggests that health-related self-efficacy may differ following different injury types and level of disability may impact one's ability to maintain health-related behaviors Results suggest that individuals with a spinal cord injury may have different baseline perceptions of self-efficacy related to their ability to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly compared to those with a traumatic brain injury or stroke. Health interventions should be tailored to encompass disability-specific barriers which may impact an individual's health-related self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. DEVILS/MIGHTEE/GAMA/DINGO: the impact of SFR time-scales on the SFR-radio luminosity correlation.
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Cook, Robin H W, Davies, Luke J M, Rhee, Jonghwan, Hale, Catherine L, Bellstedt, Sabine, Thorne, Jessica E, Delvecchio, Ivan, Collier, Jordan D, Dodson, Richard, Driver, Simon P, Holwerda, Benne W, Jarvis, Matt J, Knowles, Kenda, Lagos, Claudia, Maddox, Natasha, Meyer, Martin, Robotham, Aaron S G, Roychowdhury, Sambit, Rozgonyi, Kristof, and Seymour, Nicholas
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DINGO ,SYNCHROTRON radiation ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,LUMINOSITY ,STARS ,COSMIC rays ,STAR formation - Abstract
The tight relationship between infrared luminosity (L
TIR ) and 1.4 GHz radio continuum luminosity (|$L_\mathrm{1.4\, GHz}$|) has proven useful for understanding star formation free from dust obscuration. Infrared emission in star-forming galaxies typically arises from recently formed, dust-enshrouded stars, whereas radio synchrotron emission is expected from subsequent supernovae. By leveraging the wealth of ancillary far-ultraviolet – far-infrared photometry from the Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey and Galaxy and Mass Assembly surveys, combined with 1.4 GHz observations from the Meer Karoo Array Telescope International GHz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration survey and Deep Investigation of Neutral Gas Origin projects, we investigate the impact of time-scale differences between far-ultraviolet – far-infrared and radio-derived star formation rate (SFR) tracers. We examine how the spectral energy distribution (SED)-derived star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies can be used to explain discrepancies in these SFR tracers, which are sensitive to different time-scales. Galaxies exhibiting an increasing SFH have systematically higher LTIR and SED-derived SFRs than predicted from their 1.4 GHz radio luminosity. This indicates that insufficient time has passed for subsequent supernovae-driven radio emission to accumulate. We show that backtracking the SFR(t) of galaxies along their SED-derived SFHs to a time several hundred megayears prior to their observed epoch will both linearize the SFR– |$L_\mathrm{1.4\, GHz}$| relation and reduce the overall scatter. The minimum scatter in the SFR(t)– |$L_\mathrm{1.4\, GHz}$| is reached at 200 – 300 Myr prior, consistent with theoretical predictions for the time-scales required to disperse the cosmic ray electrons responsible for the synchrotron emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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13. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Conditions After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Comparison Between the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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Pinto, Shanti M., Thakur, Bhaskar, Kumar, Raj G., Rabinowitz, Amanda, Zafonte, Ross, Walker, William C., Kan Ding, Driver, Simon, Venkatesan, Umesh M., Moralez, Gilbert, and Bell, Kathleen R.
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- 2024
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14. Feasibility of overground exoskeleton gait training during inpatient rehabilitation after severe acquired brain injury.
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Gillespie, Jaime, Trammell, Molly, Ochoa, Christa, Driver, Simon, Callender, Librada, Dubiel, Rosemary, and Swank, Chad
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PHYSICAL therapy ,PATIENT safety ,GAIT disorders ,HOSPITAL patients ,ROBOTIC exoskeletons ,REHABILITATION centers ,BRAIN injuries ,CONSCIOUSNESS disorders - Abstract
To describe the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of overground exoskeleton gait training (OEGT) integrated into clinical practice for patients after severe acquired brain injury (ABI). Inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Eligible patients with severe ABI met the following criteria: age > 18, medically stable, met exoskeleton frame limitations, and a score of ≤ 3 on the motor function portion of the Coma Recovery Scale – Revised (CRS-R). Presence of consciousness disorder was not exclusionary. Prospective observational study. Outcomes examined safety (adverse events), feasibility (session count and barriers to session completion), and tolerability of OEGT (session metrics and heart rate). Ten patients with ABI completed 10.4 ± 4.8 OEGT sessions with no adverse events. Barriers to session completion included clinical focus on prioritized interventions. Sessions [median up time = 17 minutes, (IQR: 7); walk time = 13 minutes, (IQR: 9); step count = 243, (IQR: 161); device assist = 74, (IQR: 28.0)] were primarily spent in Very Light to Light heart rate intensities [89%, (IQR: 42%) and 9%, (IQR: 33%), respectively]. OEGT incorporated into the rehabilitation plan of care during inpatient rehabilitation after severe ABI was observed to be safe, feasible, and tolerable. However, intentional steps must be taken to facilitate patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. The challenge of measuring and mapping the missing baryons
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Driver, Simon
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- 2021
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16. Implementing Service-Learning in Undergraduate Adapted Physical Education
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Bishop, Jason and Driver, Simon
- Abstract
Service-learning (SL) integrates academic learning with relevant community service in an educational setting. Many fields of study, including kinesiology, have incorporated SL into their course curriculums. Research indicates that SL has many benefits to students, including exposure to a different learning approach, opportunities to apply classroom knowledge in a practical setting, career exploration, and a deeper understanding of the curriculum. The purpose of this article is to provide specific guidelines for the instructor about how to implement SL in an undergraduate adapted physical education class. These guidelines include (1) determining the learning objectives and goals of the SL component, (2) contacting the SL center at the university, (3) contacting agencies, (4) creating student paperwork for the SL assignment, and (5) incorporating SL into the syllabus. (Contains 2 figures.)
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- 2007
17. A randomized controlled trial protocol for people with traumatic brain injury enrolled in a healthy lifestyle program (GLB-TBI)
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Driver, Simon, Juengst, Shannon, McShan, Evan Elizabeth, Bennett, Monica, Bell, Kathleen, and Dubiel, Rosemary
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- 2019
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18. Community-based exercise program, self-reported health-related symptoms, and quality of life in persons with traumatic brain injury 45 + years old.
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Vargas, Gary O., Neaves, Stephanie, Pham, Tri, Huang, Mu, Turki, Ahmad Fawzi, Wang, Chaowei, Bell, Kathleen R., Juengst, Shannon B., Zhang, Rong, Li, Ming, Driver, Simon, Behbehani, Khosrow, Hynan, Linda S., and Ding, Kan
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REHABILITATION for brain injury patients ,SELF-evaluation ,REPEATED measures design ,HEALTH status indicators ,EXERCISE therapy ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,FISHER exact test ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PILOT projects ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MANN Whitney U Test ,CHI-squared test ,QUALITY of life ,ANALYSIS of variance ,DATA analysis software ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,COMMUNITY-based social services - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) have reported a lack of motivation, lack of time, and fatigue as perceived barriers to exercise. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of an exercise program on self-reported health-related symptoms and quality of life in persons 45-years and older with msTBI. METHODS: Post-hoc analysis of a prospective community-based 12-week exercise program of 20 adults, age 45–80 years, with msTBI. Ten were in aerobic exercise training (AET) program and 10 in a stretching and toning (SAT) program. The AET group was instructed to exercise based on their estimated maximal heart rate (HR) for 150 minutes weekly. The SAT group was to stretch for the same target time without significantly increasing HR or level of exertion. Outcome measures were Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) for global, cognitive, emotional, and social health, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality. RESULTS: AET was associated with improved self-reported cognitive health and sleep compared to SAT. Moderate to large, positive effect sizes were also observed in the AET group in the QOL categories of global, emotional, and social health, and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers preliminary evidence that AET may improve health-related QOL, especially for cognition and sleep, in middle-aged and older adults with msTBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. An Umbrella Review of Self-Management Interventions for Health Conditions With Symptom Overlap With Traumatic Brain Injury.
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Sander, Angelic M., Pappadis, Monique R., Bushnik, Tamara, Chiaraualloti, Nancy D., Driver, Simon, Hanks, Robin, Lercher, Kirk, Neumann, Daion, Rabinowitz, Amanda, Seet, Ronald T., Weber, Erica, Ralston, Rick K., Corrigan, John, Kroenke, Kurt, and Hammond, Flora M.
- Abstract
Objective: To synthesize evidence for the effectiveness of self-management interventions for chronic health conditions that have symptom overlap with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in order to extract recommendations for self-management intervention in persons with TBI. Design: An umbrella review of existing systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials or nonrandomized studies targeting self-management of chronic conditions and specific outcomes relevant to persons with TBI. Method: A comprehensive literature search of 5 databases was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Two independent reviewers conducted screening and data extraction using the Covidence web-based review platform. Qpality assessment was conducted using criteria adapted from the Assessing the Methodological Qpality of Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2). Results: A total of26 reviews met the inclusion criteria, covering a range of chronic conditions and a range of outcomes. Seven reviews were of moderate or high quality and focused on self-management in persons with stroke, chronic pain, and psychiatric disorders with psychotic features. Self-management interventions were found to have positive effects on quality of life, self-efficacy, hope, reduction of disability, pain, relapse and rehospitalization rates, psychiatric symptoms, and occupational and social functioning. Conclusions: Findings are encouraging with regard to the effectiveness of sel fmanagement interventions in patients with symptoms similar to those of TBI. However, reviews did not address adaptation of self-management interventions for those with cognitive deficits or for populations with greater vulnerabilities, such as low education and older adults. Adaptations for TBI and its intersection with these special groups may be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. The Relationship of Health Literacy to Health Outcomes Among Indiviauals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.
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Pappadis, Monique R., Sander, Angelle M., Juengst, Shannon B., Leon-Novelo, Luis, Ngan, Esther, Bell, Kathleen R., Corrigan, John D., Driver, Simon, Dreer, Laura E., and Lequerica, Anthony H.
- Abstract
Objective: To examine the associations between health literacy and health outcomes among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at least a year post-injury. Setting: Community following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Participants: A total of 205 individuals with complicated mild to severe TBI who completed a TBI Model Systems National Database follow-up interview and a web-based health literacy measure. Design: A multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study. Main Measures: The Health Literacy Assessment Using Talking Touchscreen Technology (Health LiTD, number of comorbid conditions (Medical and Mental Health Comorbidities Interview [MMHCI]), perceived physical and mental health (PROMIS Global Physical and Mental Health subscales), Patient Health Qpestionnaire-9 (PHQ:9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Results: After controlling for sociodemographic, injury, cognition, and time post-injury, adequate health literacy was associated with higher odds of greater perceived physical health compared with participants with marginal/inadequate health literacy (odds ratio = 4.10; CI = 1.52-11.70]. Participants with inadequate/marginal health literacy had 3.50 times greater odds of depression (PHQ:9 2 10) compared with those with adequate health literacy. Participants 45 years and older reported a greater number of MMHCI physical health conditions, but fewer MMHCI mental health conditions and GAD-7 anxiety symptoms compared with those who were younger. Non-Hispanic White participants and those with mild/moderate TBI were more likely to report a greater number of MMHCI mental health conditions compared with non-Hispanic Black participants or those with severe TBI. Greater time post-injury was associated with greater number of chronic physical and mental health conditions, and less odds of good-to-excellent perceived global mental health. Conclusions: Inadequate health literacy is associated with worse perceived physical health and greater depressive symptoms among adults with TBI. Greater efforts are needed to explore the mechanisms by which health literacy influences chronic disease management and mental health after TBI to improve postinjury health status and outcomes, particularly among those with limited health literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Characterizing Health Literacy and Its Correlates Among Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A TBI Model Systems Study.
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Sander, Angelic M., Pappadis, Monique R., Juengst, Shannon B., Leon-Novelo, Luis, Ngan, Esther, Corrigan, John D., Dreer, Laura E., Driver, Simon, and Lequerica, Anthony H.
- Abstract
Objective: To characterize health literacy among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at least a year postinjury and to explore its relationship to sociodemographic variables, injury severity, and cognition. Setting: Community following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Participants: In total, 205 individuals with complicated mild to severe TBI who completed follow-up as part of a national longitudinal study of TBI and completed a web-based health literacy measure. Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study. Main Measures: Health Literacy Assessment Using Talking Touchscreen Technology. Results: Thirty-one percent of the sample demonstrated marginal/inadequate health literacy; 69% demonstrated adequate health literacy. A higher proportion of non-Hispanic White adults had adequate health literacy than non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adults. Individuals with greater than a high school education were more likely to have adequate health literacy than those with a high school education or less. Better executive functioning performance was related to adequate health literacy. Better episodic memory performance was related to adequate health literacy, but only for those with complicated mild to moderate injury. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of individuals with TBI have marginal/inadequate health literacy, which may impact their understanding, appreciation, and use of health-related information and recommendations. While low health literacy may be preexisting, directly related to TBI, or a combination of both, it should be screened and considered by professionals when communicating with persons with TBI. Healthcare providers should tailor their communication approaches and presentation of health information, particularly for those with low hedth literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Resolving cosmic star formation histories of present-day bulges, discs, and spheroids with ProFuse.
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Bellstedt, Sabine, Robotham, Aaron S G, Driver, Simon P, Lagos, Claudia del P, Davies, Luke J M, and Cook, Robin H W
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STAR formation ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,ELLIPTICAL galaxies ,GALAXIES - Abstract
We present the first look at star formation histories of galaxy components using ProFuse , a new technique to model the 2D distribution of light across multiple wavelengths using simultaneous spectral and spatial fitting of purely imaging data. We present a number of methods to classify galaxies structurally/morphologically, showing the similarities and discrepancies between these schemes. We show the variation in componentwise mass functions that can occur simply due to the use of a different classification method, which is most dramatic in separating bulges and spheroids. Rather than identifying the best-performing scheme, we use the spread of classifications to quantify uncertainty in our results. We study the cosmic star formation history (CSFH), forensically derived using ProFuse with a sample of ∼7000 galaxies from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey. Remarkably, the forensic CSFH recovered via both our method (ProFuse) and traditional Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting (ProSpect) are not only exactly consistent with each other over the past 8 Gyr, but also with the in situ CSFH measured using ProSpect. Furthermore, we separate the CSFH by contributions from spheroids, bulges, and discs. While the vast majority (70 per cent) of present-day star formation takes place in the disc population, we show that 50 per cent of the stars that formed at cosmic noon (8–12 Gyr ago) now reside in spheroids, and present-day bulges are composed of stars that were primarily formed in the very early Universe, with half their stars already formed ∼12 Gyr ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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23. JWST's PEARLS: Improved Flux Calibration for NIRCam.
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Ma, Zhiyuan, Yan, Haojing, Sun, Bangzheng, Cohen, Seth H., Jansen, Rolf A., Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A., D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Koekemoer, Anton M., Coe, Dan, Conselice, Christopher J., Driver, Simon P., Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A., Marshall, Madeline A., Nonino, Mario, Ortiz III, Rafael, Pirzkal, Nor, Robotham, Aaron, and Ryan Jr., Russell E.
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SPACE telescopes ,PHOTOMETRY ,CALIBRATION - Abstract
The Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science, a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) GTO program, obtained a set of unique NIRCam observations that have enabled us to significantly improve the default photometric calibration across both NIRCam modules. The observations consisted of three epochs of 4-band (F150W, F200W, F356W, and F444W) NIRCam imaging in the Spitzer IRAC Dark Field (IDF). The three epochs were six months apart and spanned the full duration of Cycle 1. As the IDF is in the JWST continuous viewing zone, we were able to design the observations such that the two modules of NIRCam, modules A and B, were flipped by 180° and completely overlapped each other's footprints in alternate epochs. We were therefore able to directly compare the photometry of the same objects observed with different modules and detectors, and we found significant photometric residuals up to ∼0.05 mag in some detectors and filters, for the default version of the calibration files that we used (jwst_1039.pmap). Moreover, there are multiplicative gradients present in the data obtained in the two long-wavelength bands. The problem is less severe in the data reduced using the latest pmap (jwst_1130.pmap as of 2023 September), but it is still present, and is non-negligible. We provide a recipe to correct for this systematic effect to bring the two modules onto a more consistent calibration, to a photometric precision better than ∼0.02 mag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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24. EPOCHS IX. When cosmic dawn breaks: evidence for evolved stellar populations in 7 < z < 12 galaxies from PEARLS GTO and public NIRCam imaging.
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Trussler, James A A, Conselice, Christopher J, Adams, Nathan, Austin, Duncan, Ferreira, Leonardo, Harvey, Tom, Li, Qiong, Vijayan, Aswin P, Wilkins, Stephen M, Windhorst, Rogier A, Bhatawdekar, Rachana, Cheng, Cheng, Coe, Dan, Cohen, Seth H, Driver, Simon P, Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A, Hathi, Nimish, Jansen, Rolf A, and Koekemoer, Anton
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STELLAR populations ,GALAXIES ,MID-infrared spectroscopy ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,STARS - Abstract
The presence of evolved stars in high-redshift galaxies can place valuable indirect constraints on the onset of star formation in the Universe. Thus, we use PEARLS GTO (Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science Guaranteed Time Observations) and public NIRCam (Near Infrared Camera) photometric data to search for Balmer-break candidate galaxies at 7 < z < 12. We find that our Balmer-break candidates at z ∼ 10.5 tend to be older (115 Myr), have lower inferred [O iii ] + Hβ equivalent widths (120 Å), have lower specific star formation rates (6 Gyr
−1 ) and redder UV slopes (β = −1.8) than our control sample of galaxies. However, these trends all become less strong at z ∼ 8, where the F 444 W filter now probes the strong rest-frame optical emission lines, thus providing additional constraints on the current star formation activity of these galaxies. Indeed, the bursty nature of epoch of reionization galaxies can lead to a disconnect between their current spectral energy distribution (SED) profiles and their more extended star formation histories. We discuss how strong emission lines, the cumulative effect of weak emission lines, dusty continua, and active galactic nuclei can all contribute to the photometric excess seen in the rest-frame optical, thus mimicking the signature of a Balmer break. Additional medium-band imaging will thus be essential to more robustly identify Balmer-break galaxies. However, the Balmer break alone cannot serve as a definitive proxy for the stellar age of galaxies, being complexly dependent on the star formation history. Ultimately, deep Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) continuum spectroscopy and Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) imaging will provide the strongest indirect constraints on the formation era of the first galaxies in the Universe, thereby revealing when cosmic dawn breaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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25. Predictors for 30-Day Readmissions After Traumatic Brain Injury
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Pollifrone, Maria, Callender, Librada, Bennett, Monica, Driver, Simon, Petrey, Laura, Hamilton, Rita, and Dubiel, Rosemary
- Published
- 2020
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26. Abstract 15269: Baseline Relationships of Walking, Physical Activity Habits and Self-perceived Recovery After Stroke in People Engaged in a Healthy Lifestyle Program
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Swank, Chad, McShan, Evan Elizabeth, Calhoun, Stephanie, Douglas, Megan, Reynolds, Megan, and Driver, Simon
- Published
- 2020
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27. Stakeholder evaluation of an online program to promote physical activity and workplace safety for individuals with disability
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Nery-Hurwit, Mara, Kincl, Laurel, Driver, Simon, and Heller, Brittany
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- 2017
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28. Auditing the Physical Activity and Parkinson Disease Literature Using the Behavioral Epidemiologic Framework
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Swank, Chad, Shearin, Staci, Cleveland, Samantha, and Driver, Simon
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- 2017
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29. Using health promotion guidelines for persons with disabilities to develop and evaluate a physical activity program for individuals with multiple sclerosis: A feasibility study
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Dixon-Ibarra, Alicia, Nery-Hurwit, Mara, Driver, Simon, and MacDonald, Megan
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- 2017
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30. Formative evaluation on a physical activity health promotion program for the group home setting
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Dixon-Ibarra, Alicia, Driver, Simon, VanVolkenburg, Haley, and Humphries, Kathleen
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- 2017
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31. Methods for coherent optical Doppler orbitography
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Dix-Matthews, Benjamin P., Schediwy, Sascha W., Gozzard, David R., Driver, Simon, Schreiber, Karl Ulrich, Carman, Randall, and Tobar, Michael
- Published
- 2020
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32. The Interaction of Opiate Misuse and Marijuana Use on Behavioral Health Outcomes Using the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Pain Collaborative Dataset.
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Callender, Librada, Lai, Tony, Driver, Simon, Ketchum, Jessica M., Ochoa, Christa, Corrigan, John D., Hammond, Flora M., Harrison-Felix, Cindy, Martin, Aaron M., Rabinowitz, Amanda R., Starosta, Amy J., and Dubiel, Randi
- Abstract
Objective: To determine if the interaction of opiate misuse and marijuana use frequency is associated with behavioral health outcomes. Setting: Community. Participants: Three thousand seven hundred fifty participants enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems who completed the Pain Survey and had complete opioid use and marijuana use information. Design: Cross-sectional, secondary analysis from a multisite observational cohort. Main Outcome Measure(s): Clinically significant behavioral health symptoms for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Results: Three thousand five hundred thirty-five (94.3%) participants did not misuse opiates, 215 (5.7%) did misuse opiates (taking more opioid pain medication than prescribed and/or using nonprescription opioid pain medication); 2683 (70.5%) participants did not use marijuana, 353 (9.3%) occasionally used marijuana (less than once a week), and 714 (18.8%) regularly used marijuana (once a week or more frequently). There was a statistically significant relationship (P < .05) between the interaction of opiate misuse and marijuana use frequency and all behavioral health outcomes and several covariates (age, sex, cause of injury, severity of injury, and pain group category). Pairwise comparisons confirm that statistically significant associations on behavioral health outcomes are driven by endorsing opiate misuse and/or regular marijuana use, but occasional marijuana use was not associated. Conclusions: Higher odds of clinically significant PTSD, depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality are present in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who misuse opiates and/or who use marijuana regularly. In the absence of opiate misuse, regular marijuana use had higher odds of worse behavioral health outcomes than occasional and no use. The interaction of opiate misuse and regular marijuana use yielded the highest odds. Individuals with TBI should be informed of the relationship of substance use and behavioral health outcomes and that current chronic pain may mediate the association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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33. Clinical Delivery of Overground Exoskeleton Gait Training in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury Across the Continuum of Care: A Retrospective Analysis.
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Arnold, Dannae, Gillespie, Jaime, Bennett, Monica, Callender, Librada, Sikka, Seema, Hamilton, Rita, Driver, Simon, and Swank, Chad
- Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), inpatient rehabilitation begins and continues through outpatient therapy. Overground exoskeleton gait training (OEGT) has been shown to be feasible in both settings, yet its use as an intervention across the continuum has not yet been reported. This study describes OEGT for patients with SCI across the continuum and its effects on clinical outcomes. Medical records of patients with SCI who completed at least one OEGT session during inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury-II (WISCI-II) scores, and OEGT session details (frequency, "walk" time, "up" time, and step count) were extracted. Eighteen patients [male (83%), White (61%), aged 37.4 ± 15 years, with tetraplegia (50%), American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A (28%), B (22%), C (39%), D (11%)] completed OEGT sessions (motor complete, 18.2 ± 10.3; motor incomplete, 16.7 ± 7.7) over approximately 18 weeks (motor complete, 15.1 ± 6.4; motor incomplete, 19.0 ± 8.2). Patients demonstrated improved OEGT session tolerance on device metrics including "walk" time (motor complete, 7:51 ± 4:42 to 24:50 ± 9:35 minutes; motor incomplete, 12:16 ± 6:01 to 20:01 ± 08:05 minutes), "up" time (motor complete, 16:03 ± 7:41 to 29:49 ± 12:44 minutes; motor incomplete, 16:38 ± 4:51 to 23:06 ± 08:50 minutes), and step count (motor complete, 340 ± 295.9 to 840.2 ± 379.4; motor incomplete, 372.3 ± 225.2 to 713.2 ± 272). Across therapy settings, patients with motor complete SCI experienced improvement in WISCI-II scores from 0 ± 0 at inpatient admission to 3 ± 4.6 by outpatient discharge, whereas the motor incomplete group demonstrated a change of 0.2 ± 0.4 to 9.0 ± 6.4. Patients completed OEGT across the therapy continuum. Patients with motor incomplete SCI experienced clinically meaningful improvements in walking function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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34. Age-related smartphone use patterns among individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.
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Truong, Dat, Pham, Tri, Hynan, Linda S., Neaves, Stephanie, Bell, Kathleen R., Juengst, Shannon B., Zhang, Rong, Driver, Simon, and Ding, Kan
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LITERACY ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,AGE distribution ,INTERNET searching ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,MOBILE apps ,SMARTPHONES ,FISHER exact test ,SEVERITY of illness index ,INTERNET access ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,GLASGOW Coma Scale ,BRAIN injuries ,TEXT messages ,INTENTION ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio ,VIDEO games ,LONGITUDINAL method ,TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
With mobile health technologies serving as an alternative means of providing healthcare, evaluating patients' abilities to navigate digital infrastructures is becoming increasingly relevant. The goal of this study is to investigate smartphone use patterns among individuals with history of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). An anonymous survey was delivered via e-mail or text message to eligible participants who had a history of moderate-to-severe TBI and were prospectively followed at one of the eight participating Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems centers for at least 1-year post-injury. The survey captured demographic data and included a questionnaire to evaluate smartphone use (calling, texting, web browsing, etc.). A total of 2665 eligible individuals were contacted to complete the survey, 472 of which responded. 441 of them reported smartphone use. Individuals ages 45 and older were significantly less likely to use their phones for functions other than calling and texting when compared to individuals ages 18–44 (p < 0.05). Most individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI in this cohort demonstrated intentional smartphone use, suggesting that mobile health technologies may be feasible as a cost-effective healthcare alternative. However, doing so will require additional interventions to provide further technological education especially in older individuals with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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35. Results of a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance (DPP-GLB) for People Post Stroke (GLB-CVA).
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Driver, Simon, McShan, Evan, Swank, Chad, Calhoun, Stephanie, Douglas, Megan, Suhalka, Alexandria, Bennett, Monica, Callender, Librada, Ochoa, Christa, Mukkamala, Sridevi, and Kramer, Kaye
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- *
DIASTOLIC blood pressure , *PATIENT reported outcome measures , *ARM circumference , *WEIGHT loss , *BODY mass index , *HIGH density lipoproteins , *STROKE - Abstract
Background Experience of stroke is associated with an increased risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome, yet few interventions exist that have been tailored to the population's unique needs. Purpose To examine adherence and efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance program (DPP-GLB) modified for individuals post stroke (GLB-CVA) using a randomized controlled trial. Methods Adults (18–85 years of age), >12 months post stroke, and body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 were included in this study. Sixty-five individuals were assigned to either the GLB-CVA intervention or a 6-month wait-list control. Participants completed the 12-month GLB-CVA intervention, with attendance and assessment of weight, anthropometric, biomarker, functional, and patient reported outcome data collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results High attendance (90%) and dietary and activity tracking (71%) suggest high adherence to the 12-month GLB-CVA. Six-month randomized controlled trial data indicate significant weight loss (p =.005) in the GLB-CVA group (7.4 ± 13.6 lbs, 3.65%) compared with the wait-list control (0.1 ± 10.1 lbs, 0%), and improvements in arm circumference (p =.04), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p =.028), 8-year diabetes risk (p =.011), and pain interference (p <.001). Combined 12-month data showed participants lost 10.1 ± 16.8 lbs (4.88%) and improved waist circumference (p =.001), HbA1c (3.6%), diastolic blood pressure (p <.001), pain (p =.001), social participation (p =.025), and eating practices (p =.01) and habits (p <.001). Conclusions Engagement in the GLB-CVA can result in weight loss and improved health for individuals who are overweight or obese following stroke. Future efforts should examine effectiveness in real-world settings and focus on knowledge translation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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36. Magellanic System Stars Identified in SMACS J0723.3-7327 James Webb Space Telescope Early Release Observations Images.
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Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A., Cohen, Seth H., Jansen, Rolf A., Carleton, Timothy, Kamieneski, Patrick S., Holwerda, Benne W., Conselice, Christopher J., Adams, Nathan J., Frye, Brenda L., Diego, Jose M., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Ortiz III, Rafael, Cheng, Cheng, Pigarelli, Alex, Robotham, Aaron, D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Tompkins, Scott, Driver, Simon P., and Yan, Haojing
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SPACE telescopes ,LARGE magellanic cloud ,DENSITY of stars ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,STELLAR parallax ,MAGELLANIC clouds - Abstract
We identify 71 distant stars in James Webb Space Telescope/NIRCam early release observations (ERO) images of the field of galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327 (SMACS 0723). Given the relatively small (∼10°) angular separation between SMACS 0723 and the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), it is likely that these stars are associated with the LMC outskirts or the Leading Arm. This is further bolstered by a spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis, which suggests an excess of stars at a physical distance of 40–100 kpc, consistent with being associated with or located behind the Magellanic system. In particular, we find that the overall surface density of stars brighter than 27.0 mag in the field of SMACS 0723 is ∼2.3 times that of stars in a blank field with similar Galactic latitude (the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field), and that the density of stars in the SMACS 0723 field with SED-derived distances consistent with the Magellanic system is ∼6.1 times larger than that of the blank field. The candidate stars at these distances are consistent with a stellar population at the same distance modulus with [Fe/H] = −1.0 and an age of ∼5.0 Gyr. On the assumption that all of the 71 stars are associated with the LMC, then the stellar density of the LMC at the location of the SMACS 0723 field is ∼740 stars kpc
−3 , which helps trace the density of stars in the LMC outskirts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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37. The utilization of an overground robotic exoskeleton for gait training during inpatient rehabilitation—single-center retrospective findings
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Swank, Chad, Trammell, Molly, Bennett, Monica, Ochoa, Christa, Callender, Librada, Sikka, Seema, and Driver, Simon
- Published
- 2020
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38. JWST's PEARLS: Mothra, a new kaiju star at z=2.091 extremely magnified by MACS0416, and implications for dark matter models
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Diego, J. M., Sun, Bangzheng, Yan, Haojing, Furtak, Lukas J., Zackrisson, Erik, Dai, Liang, Kelly, Patrick, Nonino, Mario, Adams, Nathan, Meena, Ashish K., Willner, S. P., Zitrin, Adi, Cohen, Seth H., Silva, Jordan C. J. D, Jansen, Rolf A., Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A., Coe, Dan, Conselice, Christopher J., Driver, Simon P., Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A., Koekemoer, Anton M., Marshall, Madeline A., Pirzkal, Nor, Robotham, Aaron, Rutkowski, Michael J., Ryan, Russell E., Tompkins, Scott, Willmer, Christopher N. A., and Bhatawdekar, Rachana
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Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We report the discovery of Mothra, an extremely magnified monster star, likely a binary system of two supergiant stars, in one of the strongly lensed galaxies behind the galaxy cluster MACS0416. The star is in a galaxy with spectroscopic redshift $z=2.091$ in a portion of the galaxy that is parsecs away from the cluster caustic. The binary star is observed only on the side of the critical curve with negative parity but has been detectable for at least eight years, implying the presence of a small lensing perturber. Microlenses alone cannot explain the earlier observations of this object made with the Hubble Space Telescope. A larger perturber with a mass of at least $10^4$\,\Msun\ offers a more satisfactory explanation. Based on the lack of perturbation on other nearby sources in the same arc, the maximum mass of the perturber is $M< 2.5\times10^6$\,\Msun, making it the smallest substructure constrained by lensing above redshift 0.3. The existence of this millilens is fully consistent with the expectations from the standard cold dark matter model. On the other hand, the existence of such small substructure in a cluster environment has implications for other dark matter models. In particular, warm dark matter models with particle masses below 8.7\,keV are excluded by our observations. Similarly, axion dark matter models are consistent with the observations only if the axion mass is in the range $0.5\times10^{-22}\, {\rm eV} < m_a < 5\times10^{-22}\, {\rm eV}$., 26 pages and 27 figures
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- 2023
39. EPOCHS VII: Discovery of high redshift ($6.5 < z < 12$) AGN candidates in JWST ERO and PEARLS data
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Juodžbalis, Ignas, Conselice, Christopher J., Singh, Maitrayee, Adams, Nathan, Ormerod, Katherine, Harvey, Thomas, Austin, Duncan, Volonteri, Marta, Cohen, Seth H., Jansen, Rolf A., Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A., D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Koekemoer, Anton M., Coe, Dan, Driver, Simon P., Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A., Marshall, Madeline A., Nonino, Mario, Pirzkal, Nor, Robotham, Aaron, Ryan, Jr., Russell E., Ortiz III, Rafael, Tompkins, Scott, Willmer, Christopher N. A., and Yan, Haojing
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present an analysis of a sample of robust high redshift galaxies selected photometrically from the `blank' fields of the Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization Science (PEARLS) survey and Early Release Observations (ERO) data of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) with the aim of selecting candidate high redshift active galactic nuclei (AGN). Sources were identified from the parent sample using a threefold selection procedure, which includes spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to identify sources that are best fitted by AGN SED templates, a further selection based on the relative performance of AGN and non-AGN models, and finally morphological fitting to identify compact sources of emission, resulting in a purity-oriented procedure. Using this procedure, we identify a sample of nine AGN candidates at $6.5 < z < 12$, from which we constrain their physical properties as well as measure a lower bound on the AGN fraction in this redshift range of $5 \pm 1$\%. As this is an extreme lower limit due to our focus on purity and our SEDs being calibrated for unobscured Type 1 AGN, this demonstrates that AGN are perhaps quite common at this early epoch. The rest-frame UV colors of our candidate objects suggest that these systems are potentially candidate obese black hole galaxies (OBG), or AGN with very little galaxy component. We also investigate emission from our sample sources from fields overlapping with Chandra and VLA surveys, allowing us to place X-ray and 3 GHz radio detection limits on our candidates. Of note is a $z = 11.9$ candidate source exhibiting an abrupt morphological shift in the reddest band as compared to the bluer bands, indicating a potential merger or an unusually strong outflow., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS, 12 pages, 11 figures, typos corrected
- Published
- 2023
40. Resolving cosmic star formation histories of present-day bulges, disks, and spheroids with ProFuse
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Bellstedt, Sabine, Robotham, Aaron S. G., Driver, Simon P., Lagos, Claudia del P., Davies, Luke J. M., and Cook, Robin H. W.
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Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present the first look at star formation histories of galaxy components using ProFuse, a new technique to model the 2D distribution of light across multiple wavelengths using simultaneous spectral and spatial fitting of purely imaging data. We present a number of methods to classify galaxies structurally/morphologically, showing the similarities and discrepancies between these schemes. Rather than identifying the best-performing scheme, we use the spread of classifications to quantify uncertainty in our results. We study the cosmic star formation history (CSFH), forensically derived using ProFuse with a sample of ~7,000 galaxies from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. Remarkably, the forensic CSFH recovered via both our method (ProFuse) and traditional SED fitting (ProSpect) are not only exactly consistent with each other over the past 8 Gyr, but also with the in-situ CSFH measured using ProSpect. Furthermore, we separate the CSFH by contributions from spheroids, bulges and disks. While the vast majority (70%) of present-day star formation takes place in the disk population, we show that 50% of the stars that formed at cosmic noon (8-12 Gyr ago) now reside in spheroids, and present-day bulges are composed of stars that were primarily formed in the very early Universe, with half their stars already formed ~12 Gyr ago., 22 pages, 19 figures, submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome
- Published
- 2023
41. GAMA/DEVILS: Cosmic star formation and AGN activity over 12.5 billion years
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D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Driver, Simon P., Lagos, Claudia D. P., Robotham, Aaron S. G., Bellstedt, Sabine, Davies, Luke J. M., Thorne, Jessica E., Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bravo, Matias, Holwerda, Benne, Phillipps, Steven, Seymour, Nick, Siudek, Malgorzata, and Windhorst, Rogier A.
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Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We use the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) and the Deep Extragalactic Visible Legacy Survey (DEVILS) observational data sets to calculate the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) bolometric luminosity history (CSFH/CAGNH) over the last 12.5 billion years. SFRs and AGN bolometric luminosities were derived using the spectral energy distribution fitting code ProSpect, which includes an AGN prescription to self consistently model the contribution from both AGN and stellar emission to the observed rest-frame ultra-violet to far-infrared photometry. We find that both the CSFH and CAGNH evolve similarly, rising in the early Universe up to a peak at look-back time $\approx 10$~Gyr ($z \approx 2$), before declining toward the present day. The key result of this work is that we find the ratio of CAGNH to CSFH has been flat ($\approx 10^{42.5}\mathrm{erg \, s^{-1}M_{\odot}^{-1}yr}$) for $11$~Gyr up to the present day, indicating that star formation and AGN activity have been coeval over this time period. We find that the stellar masses of the galaxies that contribute most to the CSFH and CAGNH are similar, implying a common cause, which is likely gas inflow. The depletion of the gas supply suppresses cosmic star formation and AGN activity equivalently to ensure that they have experienced similar declines over the last 10 Gyr. These results are an important milestone for reconciling the role of star formation and AGN activity in the life cycle of galaxies., 16 pages, 10 figures. Figures 9 and 10 are the main results. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2023
42. Magellanic System Stars Identified in the SMACS J0723.3-7327 JWST ERO Images
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Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A., Cohen, Seth H., Jansen, Rolf A., Carleton, Timothy, Kamieneski, Patrick S., Holwerda, Benne W., Conselice, Christopher J., Adams, Nathan J., Frye, Brenda, Diego, Jose M., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Ortiz, Rafael, Cheng, Cheng, Pigarelli, Alex, Robotham, Aaron, D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Tompkins, Scott, Driver, Simon P., Yan, Haojing, Coe, Dan, Grogin, Norman, Koekemoer, Anton, Marshall, Madeline A., Pirzkal, Nor, and Ryan, Russell E.
- Subjects
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We identify 68 distant stars in JWST/NIRCam ERO images of the field of galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327 (SMACS 0723). Given the relatively small ($\sim$$10^{\circ}$) angular separation between SMACS 0723 and the Large Magellanic Cloud, it is likely that these stars are associated with the LMC outskirts or Leading Arm. This is further bolstered by a spectral energy distribution analysis, which suggests an excess of stars at a physical distance of $40-100$ kpc, consistent with being associated with or located behind the Magellanic system. In particular, we find that the overall surface density of stars brighter than 27.0 mag in the field of SMACS 0723 is $\sim$2.3 times that of stars in a blank field with similar galactic latitude (the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field), and that the density of stars in the SMACS 0723 field with SED-derived distances consistent with the Magellanic system is $\sim$7.3 times larger than that of the blank field. The candidate stars at these distances are consistent with a stellar population at the same distance modulus with [Fe/H] $= -1.0$ and an age of $\sim$$5.0$ Gyr. On the assumption that all of the 68 stars are associated with the LMC, then the stellar density of the LMC at the location of the SMACS 0723 field is $\sim$$710$ stars kpc$^{-3}$, which helps trace the density of stars in the LMC outskirts., Submitted to ApJ, comments welcome
- Published
- 2023
43. THE EFFECTS OF THE WARRIOR TRANSITION UNIT'S PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAM ON AFFECT OF WOUNDED MILITARY PERSONNEL
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Hwang, Gwan Yon, Davis, Ron, and Driver, Simon
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Wounded military personnel -- Care and treatment -- Psychological aspects ,Rehabilitation -- Methods ,Exercise therapy -- Psychological aspects -- Health aspects ,Education ,Health ,Social sciences ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
Warrior Transition Units (WTU) were created to successfully transition soldiers who are considered wounded, ill, or injured through comprehensive medical and adaptive reconditioning care, including sport and recreational activities. Entry-level sports engagement in WTU may transition from noncompetitive to competitive which may impact the soldier's physical and emotional well-being status. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in physical activity affect between two groups of wounded military personnel (N = 22) with WTU experience. Group 1 (NonCompWTU, n=11) engaged in on and off campus noncompetitive activities (e.g., rock wall climbing, community golf driving range) and Group 2 (CompWTU, n=11) competed in a wheelchair basketball tournament. Physical activity affect was measured using the physical activity affect scale ([PAAS], Lox et al., 2000) pre and post activities. The PAAS is a 12-item tool that measures 4 subscales (Positive Affect [PA], Negative Affect [NA], Tranquility [TR], and Fatigue [FA]). Independent and paired f-tests were used to determine differences across groups and pre-post activities (p Keywords: physical activity affect; wounded military personnel, Introduction Army Warrior Transition Units (WTUs) were created to provide personalized support to wounded, ill and injured soldiers who require at least six months of rehabilitative care. Soldiers must be [...]
- Published
- 2018
44. EPOCHS Paper II: The Ultraviolet Luminosity Function from $7.5<z<13.5$ using 110 square arcminutes of deep, blank-field data from the PEARLS Survey and Public Science Programmes
- Author
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Adams, Nathan J., Conselice, Christopher J., Austin, Duncan, Harvey, Thomas, Ferreira, Leonardo, Trussler, James, Juodzbalis, Ignas, Li, Qiong, Windhorst, Rogier, Cohen, Seth H., Jansen, Rolf, Summers, Jake, Tompkins, Scott, Driver, Simon P., Robotham, Aaron, D'Silva, Jordan C. J., Yan, Haojing, Coe, Dan, Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A., Koekemoer, Anton M., Marshall, Madeline A., Pirzkal, Nor, Ryan, Jr., Russell E., Maksym, W. Peter, Rutkowski, Michael J., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Hammel, Heidi B., Nonino, Mario, Bhatawdekar, Rachana, Wilkins, Stephen M., Willner, Steven P., Bradley, Larry D., Broadhurst, Tom, Cheng, Cheng, Dole, Herve, Hathi, Nimish P., and Zitrin, Adi
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present an analysis of the ultraviolet luminosity function (UV LF) and star formation rate density of distant galaxies ($7.5 < z < 13.5$) in the `blank' fields of the Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization Science (PEARLS) survey combined with Early Release Science (ERS) data from the CEERS, GLASS and NGDEEP surveys/fields. We use a combination of SED fitting tools and quality cuts to obtain a reliable selection and characterisation of high-redshift ($z>6.5$) galaxies from a consistently processed set of deep, near-infrared imaging. Within an area of 110 arcmin$^{2}$, we identify 214 candidate galaxies at redshifts $z>6.5$ and we use this sample to study the ultraviolet luminosity function (UV LF) in four redshift bins between $7.5, Comment: 28 Pages, 4 Tables, 9 Figures, Submitted to ApJ
- Published
- 2023
45. Are JWST/NIRCam color gradients in the lensed z=2.3 dusty star-forming galaxy El Anzuelo due to central dust attenuation or inside-out galaxy growth?
- Author
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Kamieneski, Patrick S., Frye, Brenda L., Pascale, Massimo, Cohen, Seth H., Windhorst, Rogier A., Jansen, Rolf A., Yun, Min S., Cheng, Cheng, Summers, Jake S., Carleton, Timothy, Harrington, Kevin C., Diego, Jose M., Yan, Haojing, Koekemoer, Anton M., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Petric, Andreea, Furtak, Lukas J., Foo, Nicholas, Conselice, Christopher J., Coe, Dan, Driver, Simon P., Grogin, Norman A., Marshall, Madeline A., Pirzkal, Nor, Robotham, Aaron S. G., Ryan Jr., Russell E., and Tompkins, Scott
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Gradients in the mass-to-light ratio of distant galaxies impede our ability to characterize their size and compactness. The long-wavelength filters of $JWST$'s NIRCam offer a significant step forward. For galaxies at Cosmic Noon ($z\sim2$), this regime corresponds to the rest-frame near-infrared, which is less biased towards young stars and captures emission from the bulk of a galaxy's stellar population. We present an initial analysis of an extraordinary lensed dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at $z=2.3$ behind the $El~Gordo$ cluster ($z=0.87$), named $El~Anzuelo$ ("The Fishhook") after its partial Einstein-ring morphology. The FUV-NIR SED suggests an intrinsic star formation rate of $81^{+7}_{-2}~M_\odot~{\rm yr}^{-1}$ and dust attenuation $A_V\approx 1.6$, in line with other DSFGs on the star-forming main sequence. We develop a parametric lens model to reconstruct the source-plane structure of dust imaged by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, far-UV to optical light from $Hubble$, and near-IR imaging with 8 filters of $JWST$/NIRCam, as part of the Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science (PEARLS) program. The source-plane half-light radius is remarkably consistent from $\sim 1-4.5~\mu$m, despite a clear color gradient where the inferred galaxy center is redder than the outskirts. We interpret this to be the result of both a radially-decreasing gradient in attenuation and substantial spatial offsets between UV- and IR-emitting components. A spatial decomposition of the SED reveals modestly suppressed star formation in the inner kiloparsec, which suggests that we are witnessing the early stages of inside-out quenching., Comment: 29 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
- Published
- 2023
46. Paper 1: The JWST PEARLS View of the El Gordo Galaxy Cluster and of the Structure It Magnifies
- Author
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Frye, Brenda L., Pascale, Massimo, Foo, Nicholas, Leimbach, Reagen, Garuda, Nikhil, Robles, Paulina Soto, Summers, Jake, Diaz, Carlos, Kamieneski, Patrick, Furtak, Lukas, Cohen, Seth, Diego, Jose, Beauchesne, Benjamin, Windhorst, Rogier, Willner, Steve, Koekemoer, Anton M., Zitrin, Adi, Caminha, Gabriel, Caputi, Karina, Coe, Dan, Conselice, Christopher J., Dai, Liang, Dole, Herve, Driver, Simon, Grogin, Norman, Harrington, Kevin, Jansen, Rolf A., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Lehnert, Matt, Lowenthal, James, Marshall, Madeline A., Menanteau, Felipe, Pampleiga, Belen Alcalde, Pirzkal, Nor, Polletta, Mari, Richard, Johan, Robotham, Aaron, Ryan, Russell E., Rutkowski, Michael J., Sifon, Christobal, Tompkins, Scott, Wang, Daniel, Yan, Haojing, and Yun, Min S.
- Subjects
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The massive galaxy cluster El Gordo (z=0.87) imprints multitudes of gravitationally lensed arcs onto James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) images. Eight bands of NIRCam imaging were obtained in the ``Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science'' (``PEARLS'') program. PSF-matched photometry across Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and NIRCam filters supplies new photometric redshifts. A new light-traces-mass lens model based on 56 image multiplicities identifies the two mass peaks and yields a mass estimate within 500 kpc of ~(7.0 +/- 0.30) x 10^14 Msun. A search for substructure in the 140 cluster members with spectroscopic redshifts confirms the two main mass components. The southeastern mass peak that contains the BCG is more tightly bound than the northwestern one. The virial mass within 1.7 Mpc is (5.1 +/- 0.60) x 10^14 Msun, lower than the lensing mass. A significant transverse velocity component could mean the virial mass is underestimated. We contribute one new member to the previously known z=4.32 galaxy group. Intrinsic (delensed) positions of the five secure group members span a physical extent of ~60 kpc. Thirteen additional candidates selected by spectroscopic/photometric constraints are small and faint with a mean intrinsic luminosity ~2.2 mag fainter than L*. NIRCam imaging admits a fairly wide range of brightnesses and morphologies for the group members, suggesting a more diverse galaxy population in this galaxy overdensity., 24 pages, accepted by ApJ
- Published
- 2023
47. Strategies to Increase the Physical Activity Participation of Young Adults with Asperger Syndrome in Community Programs
- Author
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Hamm, Jessica and Driver, Simon
- Abstract
Currently one in 50 American school-age children is diagnosed with Autism. Although Asperger Syndrome is no longer acknowledged as a separate diagnosis, this article refers to high-functioning individuals with Autism as having Asperger Syndrome, since it is a culturally relevant term. One of the most challenging times for individuals with Asperger Syndrome is the transition from adolescence to young adulthood, as they have to establish their role within their community. Thus, practitioners are challenged to provide adequate and appropriate opportunities for individuals with Asperger Syndrome to engage in meaningful community programs during this period of transition. Physical activity has been found to improve the mental health of individuals with Asperger Syndrome, but the majority of them are not meeting the national physical activity guidelines. The purpose of this article is to discuss the barriers that these individuals face to physical activity participation and present strategies based on self-determination theory that practitioners can utilize to help engage young adults with Asperger Syndrome in community-based activity programs.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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48. EPOCHS VII: discovery of high-redshift (6.5 < z < 12) AGN candidates in JWST ERO and PEARLS data.
- Author
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Juodžbalis, Ignas, Conselice, Christopher J, Singh, Maitrayee, Adams, Nathan, Ormerod, Katherine, Harvey, Thomas, Austin, Duncan, Volonteri, Marta, Cohen, Seth H, Jansen, Rolf A, Summers, Jake, Windhorst, Rogier A, D'Silva, Jordan C J, Koekemoer, Anton M, Coe, Dan, Driver, Simon P, Frye, Brenda, Grogin, Norman A, Marshall, Madeline A, and Nonino, Mario
- Subjects
GALACTIC redshift ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,BLACK holes ,SUPERMASSIVE black holes ,DETECTION limit ,REDSHIFT - Abstract
We present an analysis of a sample of robust high-redshift galaxies selected from the 'blank' fields of the Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization Science (PEARLS) survey and Early Release Observations (ERO) data from JWST with the aim of selecting candidate high-redshift active galactic nuclei (AGN). Sources were identified from this parent sample using a threefold selection procedure, which includes spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to identify sources that are best fitted by AGN SED templates, a further selection based on the relative performance of AGN and non-AGN models, and finally morphological fitting to identify compact sources of emission, resulting in a purity-oriented procedure. Using this procedure, we identify a sample of nine AGN candidates at 6.5 < z < 12, from which we constrain their physical properties as well as measure a lower bound on the AGN fraction in this redshift range of 5 ± 1 per cent. As this is an extreme lower limit due to our focus on purity and our SEDs being calibrated for unobscured Type 1 AGN, this demonstrates that AGN are perhaps quite common at this early epoch. The rest-frame UV colours of our candidate objects suggest that these systems are potentially candidate obese black hole galaxies (OBGs). We also investigate Chandra and VLA maps of these areas from which we calculate detection limits. Of note is a z = 11.9 candidate source exhibiting an abrupt morphological shift in the reddest band as compared to bluer bands, indicating a potential merger or an unusually strong outflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. GAMA/DEVILS: cosmic star formation and AGN activity over 12.5 billion years.
- Author
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D'Silva, Jordan C J, Driver, Simon P, Lagos, Claudia D P, Robotham, Aaron S G, Bellstedt, Sabine, Davies, Luke J M, Thorne, Jessica E, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bravo, Matias, Holwerda, Benne, Phillipps, Steven, Seymour, Nick, Siudek, Malgorzata, and Windhorst, Rogier A
- Subjects
- *
STAR formation , *ACTIVE galactic nuclei , *SPECTRAL energy distribution , *STELLAR mass , *LIFE cycles (Biology) , *STELLAR activity - Abstract
We use the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) and the Deep Extragalactic Visible Legacy Survey (DEVILS) observational data sets to calculate the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) bolometric luminosity history (CSFH/CAGNH) over the last 12.5 billion years. SFRs and AGN bolometric luminosities were derived using the spectral energy distribution fitting code ProSpect , which includes an AGN prescription to self-consistently model the contribution from both AGN and stellar emission to the observed rest-frame ultra-violet to far-infrared photometry. We find that both the CSFH and CAGNH evolve similarly, rising in the early Universe up to a peak at look-back time ≈10 Gyr (z ≈ 2), before declining towards the present day. The key result of this work is that we find the ratio of CAGNH to CSFH has been flat (|$\approx 10^{42.5}\, \mathrm{erg \, s^{-1}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }^{-1}\, yr}$|) for 11 Gyr up to the present day, indicating that star formation and AGN activity have been coeval over this time period. We find that the stellar masses of the galaxies that contribute most to the CSFH and CAGNH are similar, implying a common cause, which is likely gas inflow. The depletion of the gas supply suppresses cosmic star formation and AGN activity equivalently to ensure that they have experienced similar declines over the last 10 Gyr. These results are an important milestone for reconciling the role of star formation and AGN activity in the life cycle of galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The group H i mass as a function of halo mass.
- Author
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Dev, Ajay, Driver, Simon P, Meyer, Martin, Roychowdhury, Sambit, Rhee, Jonghwan, Stevens, Adam R H, Lagos, Claudia del P, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Catinella, Barbara, Hopkins, A M, Loveday, Jonathan, Obreschkow, Danail, Phillipps, Steven, and Robotham, Aaron S G
- Subjects
- *
GALAXY clusters , *OPTICAL limiting , *RADIO lines , *GALAXIES , *ATOMIC hydrogen - Abstract
We determine the atomic hydrogen (H i) to halo mass relation (HIHM) using Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey H i data at the location of optically selected groups from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. We make direct H i detections for 37 GAMA groups. Using H i group spectral stacking of 345 groups, we study the group H i content as a function of halo mass across a halo mass range of 1011–1014.7 M⊙. We also correct our results for Eddington bias. We find that the group H i mass generally rises as a function of halo mass from 1.3% of the halo mass at |$10^{11.6} \, \text{M}_\odot$| to 0.4% at |$10^{13.7} \, \text{M}_\odot$| with some indication of flattening towards the high-mass end. Despite the differences in optical survey limits, group catalogues, and halo mass estimation methods, our results are consistent with previous group H i -stacking studies. Our results are also consistent with mock observations from shark and IllustrisTNG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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