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Author(s): Xiaoyan Pang [sup.1] , Fangmei Li [sup.1] , Lei Dou [sup.1] , Yichang Tian [sup.1] , Yi Zhang [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.412636.4, 0000 0004 1757 9485, Department of [...], Patients with ovarian cancer (OC) often suffer from depressive symptoms, but the associated factors only have a small number of reports. In view of increasing attention to positive psychological resources in the field of oncology, it is necessary to explore the effects of these resources on depressive symptoms. This study explored the relations between social support and depressive symptoms, and whether resilience played a mediating role. A cross-sectional study was performed between August 2018 and March 2019. Perceived social support, resilience, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to assess the mediating role of resilience between these variables. A total of 230 OC survivors were enrolled and finally 217 patients completed the questionnaires. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 50.7%. After controlling for covariates, perceived social support was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms and explained 22.8% of the variance. In addition, after controlling for covariates and perceived social support, resilience was also negatively associated with depressive symptoms and explained 18.1% of the variance. Resilience could partially mediate the associations of perceived social support with depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms in OC patients should be concerned. Perceived social support and resilience were both positive psychological resources for resisting depressive symptoms, and resilience could mediate the association between social support and depressive symptoms. It was critical to focus on social support as well as resilience in the psychosocial interventions of OC patients.

With the growing concerns about ecological pressure and food safety, researchers and marketers have devoted to finding effective ways to bridge the gap between consumers' high interest and weak purchasing behaviour towards green food. The unique information advantages of live streaming commerce help consumers improve their cognition of green food's benefits, evoke their concerns about health and environmental issues, and thus form positive purchasing behaviour. This study develops a conceptual framework by incorporating health consciousness and environmental awareness as mediating variables to estimate how live streaming information features impact consumers' purchasing intention and behaviour towards green food. Considering the important influences of streamer expertise and consumer attitude on purchasing behaviour, the two variables are employed in our model as moderating variables. Structural equation modelling is used to analyse data collected from 948 Chinese live streaming shoppers. The results reveal that information richness, authenticity, synchronicity, and sociability significantly enhance consumers' health consciousness and environmental awareness, and the favourable purchasing intention as well as behaviour is the result of combined impacts of health consciousness and environmental awareness. Both streamer expertise and consumer attitude play important roles in promoting consumers who intend to purchase green food to become actual buyers. The integrated model expands the empirical research of green food consumption from the perspectives of specific marketing patterns, seller and consumer characteristics, and provides a broader insight for researchers, sellers, and policy-makers to understand green food consumption and supply in emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops selenized potato resistant starch (P‐RS4·Se) from Enshi potato starch to enhance bioactivity. First, the resistant starch (P‐RS4) is prepared through high‐temperature citric acid esterification. Then, P‐RS4 is selenized using the nitrate‐sodium selenite method and analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Optimal conditions are identified: 0.7 % HNO3, a 1:1.1 ratio of P‐RS4 to Na2SeO3, 65 °C, and 4 h. Selenization disrupts P‐RS4·Se’s microstructure, forming a Se─O─C bond with ─OH on C6. The selenized starch shows strong in vitro antioxidant effects, protecting A549 lung cancer cells from oxidative damage at 6–8 mg mL−1, supporting selenium supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, peptides were isolated and purified from Idesia polycarpa Maxim. cake meal for the first time, with the aim of discovering peptides with excellent antioxidant properties. Peptides were isolated and purified from the cake meal using ultrafiltration and dextran gel chromatography. Fractions with significant antioxidant activity were identified by mass spectrometry (MS) and the peptides were screened and characterized using techniques, such as network pharmacology and molecular docking. The results showed that the CIPs‐I‐F2 fractions possessed excellent antioxidant activities, and a total of seven peptides were screened, with the main targets of action including serine/threonine‐protein kinase AKT (AKT1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), among which ISKPTWADF had the highest total binding energy to the target. ISKPTWADF was synthesized in vitro by solid‐phase synthesis and showed a dose‐dependent protective effect against the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced oxidative damage model in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, with its main active site on the tryptophan indole ring at position 52N‐127H. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of belimumab in patients with early systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), defined as having a disease duration of less than 6 months. Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with SLE in the early stage who received belimumab and standard of care (belimumab group) or standard of care alone (control group) since September 2020. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce potential bias. The primary endpoint was lupus low disease activity status (LLDAS) at weeks 12 and 24. The secondary endpoints were remission and the proportion of glucocorticoid dose tapering to 7.5 mg/day. The efficacy of belimumab in patients with lupus nephritis was also assessed. Results: Out of 111 eligible patients, 16 patients in the belimumab group and 31 patients in the control group were identified by 1:2 PSM. At week 24, a significantly higher proportion of individuals achieved low disease activity state (LLDAS) in the belimumab group compared to the control group (56.3% vs. 19.4%, OR = 5.357, 95% CI = 1.417 to 20.260, p = 0.013). Furthermore, more patients in the belimumab group were reduced to low‐dose glucocorticoid (≤ 7.5 mg/day) at week 24 (75.0% vs. 35.5%, OR = 5.182, 95%CI = 1.339 to 20.058, p = 0.017). Significant improvements in Patient Global Assessment scores were observed at Week 12 and 24 for those treated with belimumab compared to controls. In a subgroup analysis evaluating the efficacy of belimumab in patients with lupus nephritis, 42.9% of the seven individuals treated with belimumab achieved a complete renal response (CRR) by Week 24, and no instances of disease relapse were observed. Conclusions: In SLE patients with a disease duration of less than 6 months, belimumab treatment can promote LLDAS achievement and reduce glucocorticoid dose, leading to a better prognosis. Introducing belimumab in the early stage of SLE may be a beneficial decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power-split hybrid electric vehicle (PS-HEV) has multiple working modes to maintain high operation efficiency according to different conditions. The main modes involved in the vehicle driving process are pure electric mode and the hybrid driving mode. Because the electromechanical coupling problem is involved in the above two working modes, the transmission system exhibits strong non-linear characteristics. If the operation range of the engine and motor are unreasonable, the rotor system will vibrate and become instability. In this paper, the non-linear dynamic equations of the electromechanical coupling of the transmission system are established for electric driving mode and hybrid driving mode. The closed-homoclinic phase trajectory equation at the center point of the disturbance-free Hamilton system is determined. The chaotic thresholds for the pure electric and hybrid driving modes are derived through the Melnikov’s method to obtain the optimal working domain of the engine and motor. Finally, numerical simulation analysis is conducted to verify the feasibility of the work domain optimization scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed engine and motor working area optimization scheme can effectively avoid the homoclinic bifurcation in the PS-HEV during the driving process and prevent the vehicle from entering the chaotic state.

Background: Recently, several novel programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been approved for second-line treating advanced or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including camrelizumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, sintilimab and tislelizumab. However, the optimal treatment regimen remained ambiguous. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety and economy of available PD-1 inhibitors to determine the optimal treatment from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. Design: A systematic review and economic evaluation. Data sources and methods: A systematic review was undertaken utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase and Scopus databases to identify eligible studies until 31 August 2023. Primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AEs). We also developed a partitioned survival model at 3-week intervals based on five clinical trials to predict long-term costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for various treatment options. Direct medical costs and utility values were obtained from public drug bidding databases, clinical trials or published literature. The parameter uncertainties within the model were determined via one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: Five randomized controlled trials involving 2837 patients were included in the analysis. Compared with other treatments examined, camrelizumab provided the best PFS benefits [hazard ratio (HR): 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.86], and pembrolizumab provided the best OS benefits (HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82). Nivolumab caused a relatively lower incidence of treatment-related AEs (HR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05–0.20) and grade 3–5 AEs (HR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08–0.21) than other immunotherapy regimens. In the economic evaluation, average 10-year costs ranged from $5,433.86 (chemotherapy) to $50,617.95 (nivolumab) and mean QALYs ranged from 0.55 (chemotherapy) to 0.82 (camrelizumab). Pembrolizumab was eliminated because of dominance. Of the remaining strategies, when the willingness-to-pay thresholds were 1, 2 and 3 times GDP per capita in 2022, sintilimab, tislelizumab and camrelizumab were the most cost-effective treatment options, respectively. Conclusion: Sintilimab might be the optimal treatment alternative for second-line therapy of advanced OSCC in China, followed by tislelizumab and camrelizumab. Trial registration: This study has been registered on the PROSPERO database with the registration number CRD42023495204. Plain language summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and economic evaluation Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety and economy of available PD-1 inhibitors to determine the optimal treatment from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. Methods: A systematic review was undertaken utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases to identify eligible studies until August 31, 2023. Primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs). We also developed a partitioned survival model at 3-week intervals based on 5 clinical trials to predict long-term costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for various treatment options. Direct medical costs and utility values were obtained from public drug bidding database, clinical trials or published literatures. The parameter uncertainties within the model were determined via one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: Compared with other treatments examined, camrelizumab provided the best PFS benefits (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56-0.86), and pembrolizumab provided the best OS benefits (HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37-0.82). Nivolumab caused a relatively lower incidence of treatment-related AEs (HR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05-0.20) and grade 3-5 AEs (HR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08-0.21) than other immunotherapy regimens. In the economic evaluation, average 10-year costs ranged from $5,433.86 (chemotherapy) to $50,617.95 (nivolumab) and mean QALYs ranged from 0.55 (chemotherapy) to 0.82 (camrelizumab). Pembrolizumab was eliminated because of dominance. Of the remaining strategies, when the willingness-to-pay thresholds were 1, 2, and 3 times GDP per capita in 2022, sintilimab, tislelizumab, and camrelizumab were the most cost-effective treatment options, respectively. Conclusion: Sintilimab might be the optimal treatment alternative for second-line therapy of advanced ESCC in China, followed by tislelizumab and camrelizumab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]