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1. Effects of Influenza Vaccine on the Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination.

Author

Riccomi, A., Trombetta, C. M., Dorrucci, M., Di Placido, D., Sanarico, N., Farchi, F., Giuseppetti, R., Villano, U., Marcantonio, C., Marchi, S., Ciaramella, A., Pezzotti, P., Montomoli, E., Valdarchi, C., Ciccaglione, A. R., and Vendetti, S.

Subjects
FLU vaccine efficacy, COVID-19 vaccines, BOOSTER vaccines, VACCINATION, VACCINE effectiveness
Abstract

A number of studies have suggested that influenza vaccination can provide protection against COVID-19, but the underlying mechanisms that could explain this association are still unclear. In this study, the effect of the 2021/2022 seasonal influenza vaccination on the immune response to the booster dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was evaluated in a cohort of healthy individuals. A total of 113 participants were enrolled, 74 of whom had no prior COVID-19 diagnosis or significant comorbidities were considered for the analysis. Participants received the anti-influenza tetravalent vaccine and the booster dose of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine or the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine alone. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after each vaccination and 12 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and analyzed for anti-flu and anti-spike-specific antibody titers and for in vitro influenza and SARS-CoV-2 neutralization capacity. Results indicated an increased reactivity in subjects who received both influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations compared to those who received only the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, with sustained anti-spike antibody titers up to 12 weeks post-vaccination. Immune response to the influenza vaccine was evaluated, and individuals were stratified as high or low responders. High responders showed increased antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine both after 4 and 12 weeks post-vaccination. Conversely, individuals classified as low responders were less responsive to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. These data indicate that both external stimuli, such as influenza vaccination, and the host's intrinsic ability to respond to stimuli play a role in the response to the vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. No need for secondary Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in adult people living with HIV from Europe on ART with suppressed viraemia and a CD4 cell count greater than 100 cells/µL

Author

Atkinson, A., Miro, J. M., Mocroft, A., Reiss, P., Kirk, O., Morlat, P., Ghosn, J., Stephan, C., Mussini, C., Antoniadou, A., Doerholt, K., Girardi, E., De Wit, S., Kraus, D., Zwahlen, M., Furrer, H., Castagna, A., Fatkenheuer, G., Raben, D., Teira, R., Zangerle, R., Judd, A., Touloumi, G., Warszawski, J., Meyer, L., Dabis, F., Krause, M. M., Leport, C., Wittkop, L., Wit, F., Prins, M., Bucher, H., Gibb, D., Del Amo, J., Obel, N., Thorne, C., Perez-Hoyos, S., Hamouda, O., Bartmeyer, B., Chkhartishvili, N., Noguera-Julian, A., Antinori, A., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Brockmeyer, N., Prieto, L., Conejo, P. R., Soriano-Arandes, A., Battegay, M., Kouyos, R., Casabona, J., Goetghebuer, T., Sonnerborg, A., Torti, C., Sabin, C., Garrido, M., Haerry, D., Costagliola, D., d'Arminio-Monforte, A., del Amo, J., Chene, G., Barger, D., Schwimmer, C., Termote, M., Frederiksen, C. M., Brandt, R. S., Berenguer, J., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Davies, M. -A., Dorrucci, M., Dunn, D., Egger, M., Guiguet, M., Grabar, S., Lambotte, O., Leroy, V., Lodi, S., Matheron, S., Monge, S., Nakagawa, F., Paredes, R., Phillips, A., Puoti, M., Rohner, E., Schomaker, M., Smit, C., Sterne, J., Thiebaut, R., Wqetu, C., van der Valk, M., Global Health, Infectious diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Atkinson, A, Miro, J, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, Kirk, O, Morlat, P, Ghosn, J, Stephan, C, Mussini, C, Antoniadou, A, Doerholt, K, Girardi, E, De Wit, S, Kraus, D, Zwahlen, M, Furrer, H, Castagna, A, Fatkenheuer, G, Raben, D, Teira, R, Zangerle, R, Judd, A, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Dabis, F, Krause, M, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Casabona, J, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Costagliola, D, d'Arminio-Monforte, A, del Amo, J, Chene, G, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Frederiksen, C, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, Wqetu, C, and van der Valk, M

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, opportunistic infection, Population, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, 610 Medicine & health, Pneumocystis carinii, medicine.disease_cause, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 360 Social problems & social services, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Opportunistic infections, Viremia, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Research Articles, education.field_of_study, 030505 public health, business.industry, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis, Incidence (epidemiology), prophylaxi, Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, opportunistic infections, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, 3. Good health, Discontinuation, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Cohort, Infeccions per VIH, prophylaxis, 0305 other medical science, business, Viral load, Infeccions oportunistes, Research Article, HIV infections
Abstract

Introduction: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic in resource-rich countries, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PjP) is one of the most frequent opportunistic AIDS-defining infections. The Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) has shown that primary Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PjP) prophylaxis can be safely withdrawn in patients with CD4 counts of 100 to 200 cells/µL if plasma HIV-RNA is suppressed on combination antiretroviral therapy. Whether this holds true for secondary prophylaxis is not known, and this has proved difficult to determine due to the much lower population at risk. Methods: We estimated the incidence of secondary PjP by including patient data collected from 1998 to 2015 from the COHERE cohort collaboration according to time-updated CD4 counts, HIV-RNA and use of PjP prophylaxis in persons >16 years of age. We fitted a Poisson generalized additive model in which the smoothed effect of CD4 was modelled by a restricted cubic spline, and HIV-RNA was stratified as low (10,000copies/mL). Results: There were 373 recurrences of PjP during 74,295 person-years (py) in 10,476 patients. The PjP incidence in the different plasma HIV-RNA strata differed significantly and was lowest in the low stratum. For patients off prophylaxis with CD4 counts between 100 and 200 cells/µL and HIV-RNA below 400 copies/mL, the incidence of recurrent PjP was 3.9 (95% CI: 2.0 to 5.8) per 1000 py, not significantly different from patients on prophylaxis in the same stratum (1.9, 95% CI: 0.1 to 3.7). Conclusions: HIV viraemia importantly affects the risk of recurrent PjP. In virologically suppressed patients on ART with CD4 counts of 100 to 200/µL, the incidence of PjP off prophylaxis is below 10/1000 py. Secondary PjP prophylaxis may be safely withheld in such patients. While European guidelines recommend discontinuing secondary PjP prophylaxis only if CD4 counts rise above 200 cells/mL, the latest US Guidelines consider secondary prophylaxis discontinuation even in patients with a CD4 count above 100 cells/µL and suppressed viral load. Our results strengthen and support this US recommendation. Keywords: opportunistic infections; Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; prophylaxis

Published
2021

4. Higher rates of triple‐class virological failure in perinatally HIV‐infected teenagers compared with heterosexually infected young adults in Europe

Author

Judd, A, Lodwick, R, NogueraJulian, A, Gibb, DM, Butler, K, Costagliola, D, Sabin, C, van Sighem, A, Ledergerber, B, Torti, C, Mocroft, A, Podzamczer, D, Dorrucci, M, De Wit, S, Obel, N, Dabis, F, CozziLepri, A, García, F, Brockmeyer, NH, Warszawski, J, GonzalezTome, MI, Mussini, C, Touloumi, G, Zangerle, R, Ghosn, J, Castagna, A, Fätkenheuer, G, Stephan, C, Meyer, L, Campbell, MA, Chene, G, Phillips, A, Mary Krause, Murielle, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Amo, Julia Del, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, PérezHoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Prieto, Luis, Rojo, Pablo, SorianoArandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Frederiksen, Casper M., FriisMøller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Salbøl Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Davies, MaryAnne, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, van der Valk, Marc, and Wyss, Natasha

Published
2017
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5. Low compliance with hepatocellular carcinoma screening guidelines in hepatitis B/C virus co-infected HIV patients with cirrhosis

Author

Willemse, S., Smit, C., Sogni, P., Sarcletti, M., Uberti-Foppa, C., Wittkop, L., Raben, D., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., Van Der Valk, M., Judd, A., Zangerle, R., Touloumi, G., Warszawski, J., Meyer, L., Murielle, M., Ghosn, J., Leport, C., Reiss, P., Wit, F., Prins, M., Bucher, H., Gibb, D., Fatkenheuer, G., Obel, N., Thorne, C., Mocroft, A., Kirk, O., Stephan, C., Perez-Hoyos, S., Hamouda, O., Clinsurv, G., Bartmeyer, B., Chkhartishvili, N., Noguera-Julian, A., Antinori, A., Brockmeyer, N., Prieto, L., Pablo, R., Soriano-Arandes, A., Battegay, M., Kouyos, R., Mussini, C., Tookey, P., Casabona, J., Miro, J. M., Castagna, A., Konopnick, D., Goetghebuer, T., Sonnerborg, A., Torti, C., Sabin, C., Teira, R., Garrido, M., Haerry, D., Stephane, D., Jose, M., Costagliola, D., Raffaele, S., Julia, D., Chene, G., Barger, D., Schwimmer, C., Termote, M., Campbell, M., Frederiksen, C. M., Friis-Moller, N., Kjaer, J., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Davies, M. -A., Dorrucci, M., Dunn, D., Egger, M., Furrer, H., Guiguet, M., Grabar, S., Lambotte, O., Leroy, V., Lodi, S., Matheron, S., Monge, S., Nakagawa, F., Paredes, R., Phillips, A., Puoti, M., Rohner, E., Schomaker, M., Sterne, J., Thiebaut, R., Willemse, S., Smit, C., Sogni, P., Sarcletti, M., Uberti-Foppa, C., Wittkop, L., Raben, D., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., Van Der Valk, M., Judd, A., Zangerle, R., Touloumi, G., Warszawski, J., Meyer, L., Murielle, M., Ghosn, J., Leport, C., Reiss, P., Wit, F., Prins, M., Bucher, H., Gibb, D., Fatkenheuer, G., Obel, N., Thorne, C., Mocroft, A., Kirk, O., Stephan, C., Perez-Hoyos, S., Hamouda, O., Clinsurv, G., Bartmeyer, B., Chkhartishvili, N., Noguera-Julian, A., Antinori, A., Brockmeyer, N., Prieto, L., Pablo, R., Soriano-Arandes, A., Battegay, M., Kouyos, R., Mussini, C., Tookey, P., Casabona, J., Miro, J. M., Castagna, A., Konopnick, D., Goetghebuer, T., Sonnerborg, A., Torti, C., Sabin, C., Teira, R., Garrido, M., Haerry, D., Stephane, D., Jose, M., Costagliola, D., Raffaele, S., Julia, D., Chene, G., Barger, D., Schwimmer, C., Termote, M., Campbell, M., Frederiksen, C. M., Friis-Moller, N., Kjaer, J., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Davies, M. -A., Dorrucci, M., Dunn, D., Egger, M., Furrer, H., Guiguet, M., Grabar, S., Lambotte, O., Leroy, V., Lodi, S., Matheron, S., Monge, S., Nakagawa, F., Paredes, R., Phillips, A., Puoti, M., Rohner, E., Schomaker, M., Sterne, J., Thiebaut, R., Willemse, S, Smit, C, Sogni, P, Sarcletti, M, Uberti-Foppa, C, Wittkop, L, Raben, D, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Dabis, F, Van Der Valk, M, Judd, A, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Murielle, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Clinsurv, G, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Pablo, R, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Stephane, D, Jose, M, Costagliola, D, Raffaele, S, Julia, D, Chene, G, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, Infectious diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, Global Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Global Health, APH - Digital Health, and APH - Personalized Medicine

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Cirrhosis, co‐infection, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chronic, guideline adherence, Aged, 80 and over, cancer screening, chronic viral hepatitis, co-infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma screening, human immunodeficiency virus, liver cirrhosis, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Coinfection, Female, Guideline Adherence, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Young Adult, medicine.diagnostic_test, chronic viral hepatiti, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Liver biopsy, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis C virus, Short Communication, Short Communications, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Internal medicine, medicine, Mass screening, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatology, business.industry, human immunodeficiency viru, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, business
Abstract

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is increasing. In patients with cirrhosis, guidelines recommend HCC screening every 6 months. We assessed compliance with HCC screening guidelines in cirrhotic HBV/HCV-HIV-co-infected patients. HBV/HCV-HIV-co-infected patients with cirrhosis were enrolled from 4 European prospective cohorts participating in the COHERE collaboration, followed from 1 January 2005-1 January 2015. Assessment of liver cirrhosis was based on clinical diagnosis and liver biopsy or Fibroscan. Compliance with HCC screening guidelines was defined as one ultrasound every 6 months. Generalized estimating equation models adjusted for repeated measurements were fitted to determine predictors of low compliance. Different sensitivity analyses were performed and validation of the data was carried out by randomly checking 10% of each cohort's data. 646 HIV-patients with the diagnosis of cirrhosis were included: 518 (80%) HCV-, 85 (13%) HBV- and 43 (7%) HBV/HCV-co-infected. Median age at cirrhosis diagnosis was 44 years, median follow-up time since diagnosis was 5.3 years. Screening

Published
2019

7. No need for secondary Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in adult people living with HIV from Europe on ART with suppressed viraemia and a CD4 cell count greater than 100 cells/µL

Author

Atkinson, A. Miro, J.M. Mocroft, A. Reiss, P. Kirk, O. Morlat, P. Ghosn, J. Stephan, C. Mussini, C. Antoniadou, A. Doerholt, K. Girardi, E. De Wit, S. Kraus, D. Zwahlen, M. Furrer, H. De Wit, S. Antoniadou, A. Castagna, A. Doerholt, K. Fätkenheuer, G. Raben, D. Teira, R. Zangerle, R. Judd, A. Zangerle, R. Touloumi, G. Warszawski, J. Meyer, L. Dabis, F. Krause, M.M. Leport, C. Wittkop, L. Wit, F. Prins, M. Bucher, H. Gibb, D. Fätkenheuer, G. Del Amo, J. Obel, N. Thorne, C. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Hamouda, O. Bartmeyer, B. Chkhartishvili, N. Noguera-Julian, A. Antinori, A. d’Arminio Monforte, A. Brockmeyer, N. Prieto, L. Conejo, P.R. Soriano-Arandes, A. Battegay, M. Kouyos, R. Casabona, J. Goetghebuer, T. Sönnerborg, A. Torti, C. Sabin, C. Teira, R. Garrido, M. Haerry, D. Costagliola, D. d’Arminio-Monforte, A. del Amo, J. Raben, D. Chêne, G. Judd, A. Conejo, P.R. Barger, D. Schwimmer, C. Termote, M. Wittkop, L. Frederiksen, C.M. Raben, D. Brandt, R.S. Berenguer, J. Bohlius, J. Bouteloup, V. Bucher, H. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Dabis, F. d’Arminio Monforte, A. Davies, M.-A. del Amo, J. Dorrucci, M. Dunn, D. Egger, M. Guiguet, M. Grabar, S. Judd, A. Lambotte, O. Leroy, V. Lodi, S. Matheron, S. Meyer, L. Monge, S. Nakagawa, F. Paredes, R. Phillips, A. Puoti, M. Rohner, E. Schomaker, M. Smit, C. Sterne, J. Thiebaut, R. Thorne, C. Wqetu, C. van der Valk, M. Wittkop, L. the Opportunistic Infections Working Group of the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) study in EuroCOORD

Abstract

Introduction: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic in resource-rich countries, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PjP) is one of the most frequent opportunistic AIDS-defining infections. The Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) has shown that primary Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PjP) prophylaxis can be safely withdrawn in patients with CD4 counts of 100 to 200 cells/µL if plasma HIV-RNA is suppressed on combination antiretroviral therapy. Whether this holds true for secondary prophylaxis is not known, and this has proved difficult to determine due to the much lower population at risk. Methods: We estimated the incidence of secondary PjP by including patient data collected from 1998 to 2015 from the COHERE cohort collaboration according to time-updated CD4 counts, HIV-RNA and use of PjP prophylaxis in persons >16 years of age. We fitted a Poisson generalized additive model in which the smoothed effect of CD4 was modelled by a restricted cubic spline, and HIV-RNA was stratified as low (10,000copies/mL). Results: There were 373 recurrences of PjP during 74,295 person-years (py) in 10,476 patients. The PjP incidence in the different plasma HIV-RNA strata differed significantly and was lowest in the low stratum. For patients off prophylaxis with CD4 counts between 100 and 200 cells/µL and HIV-RNA below 400 copies/mL, the incidence of recurrent PjP was 3.9 (95% CI: 2.0 to 5.8) per 1000 py, not significantly different from patients on prophylaxis in the same stratum (1.9, 95% CI: 0.1 to 3.7). Conclusions: HIV viraemia importantly affects the risk of recurrent PjP. In virologically suppressed patients on ART with CD4 counts of 100 to 200/µL, the incidence of PjP off prophylaxis is below 10/1000 py. Secondary PjP prophylaxis may be safely withheld in such patients. While European guidelines recommend discontinuing secondary PjP prophylaxis only if CD4 counts rise above 200 cells/mL, the latest US Guidelines consider secondary prophylaxis discontinuation even in patients with a CD4 count above 100 cells/µL and suppressed viral load. Our results strengthen and support this US recommendation. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International AIDS Society.

Published
2021

8. Demographic and Socio-economic Determinants of Poor HIV-risk Perception at First HIV Diagnosis: Analysis of the HIV Surveillance Data, Italy 2010-2016

Author

Dorrucci, M., Regine, V., Pezzotti, P., Mammone, A., Girardi, E., Suligoi, B, Icardi, G, and Lai, P.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Social Determinants of Health, Epidemiology, Sexual Behavior, HIV Infections, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Odds Ratio, Humans, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Aged, HIV, Risk-perception, Aged, 80 and over, Motivation, Age Factors, AIDS Serodiagnosis, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Italy, Population Surveillance, Educational Status, Female, Attitude to Health
Abstract

HIV infections in Italy has not undergone a substantial decline over recent years. For this reason, we analysed risk-factors and socio-economic indicators of HIV-risk perception in HIV surveillance data.An observational study was conducted and HIV-risk perception was estimated on the basis of reasons for undergoing testing. Ordinal logistic models were applied with three groups of response corresponding to three ordered levels of HIV-risk perception.The study included 18 055 individuals: 27% with low, 40% moderate and 33% with high perception. A low risk perception was estimated in both areas, least deprived and highly deprived [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.58, CI: 1.14-2.18 and AOR = 2.33, CI: 1.39-3.90]; for heterosexuals (AOR = 1.96, CI: 1.83-2.11), Injecting Drug Users (IDU) (AOR =1.82, CI: 1.59-2.08), low education (AOR = 1.74. CI: 1.20-2.54), age40 years (AOR = 1.59, CI: 1.50-1.69), males (AOR = 1.30, CI: 1.20-1.40).In Italy there is a high percentage of HIV-infected people with poor HIV-risk perception. Poorer HIV-risk perception was associated with both, least and high deprivation, low education, older age, male gender, heterosexual and IDU groups. Our results could be relevant to address targeted HIV testing policies at both local and national levels.

Published
2020

9. Global temporal changes in the proportion of children with advanced disease at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in an era of changing criteria for treatment initiation

Author

Panayidou K., Davies M. -A., Anderegg N., Egger M., Fatti G., Vinikoor M., Sawry S., Ehmer J., Eley B., Phiri S., Technau K. -G. u. N., Chimbetete C., Rabie H., Boulle A., Tanser F., Wood R., Wools-Kaloustian K., Vreeman R., Oyaro P., Ayaya S., Nakigozi G., Musick B., Yiannoutsos C., Amorissani-Folquet M., Takassi E., Sylla M., Renner L., Malateste K., Desmonde S., Leroy V., Kurniati N., Hansudewechakul R., Nguyen L. V., Ly P. S., Truong K. H., Kariminia A., Sohn A. H., Edmonds A., Yumo H. A., Dusingize J. C., Yotebieng M., Judd A., Rojo P., Smit C., Grabar S., Warszwarski J., Chene G., Raban D., Patel K., Seage G. R., Van Dyke R. B., Oleske J., Williams P. L., Abzug M. J., Succi R., Machado D. M., Pinto J., Rouzier V., Luque M., Mejia F., Khol V., Tucker J., Kumarasamy N., Saghayam S., Chandrasekaran E., Wati D. K., Vedaswari D., Malino I. Y., Muktiarti D., Fong S. M., Lim M., Daut F., Nik Yusoff N. K., Mohamad P., Mohamed T. J., Drawis M. R., Nallusamy R., Chan K. C., Sudjaritruk T., Sirisanthana V., Aurpibul L., Oberdorfer P., Denjanta S., Watanaporn S., Kongphonoi A., Lumbiganon P., Kosalaraksa P., Tharnprisan P., Udomphanit T., Jourdain G., Puthanakit T., Anugulruengkitt S., Phadungphon C., Chokephaibulkit K., Lapphra K., Phongsamart W., Sricharoenchai S., Du Q. T., Nguyen C. H., Do V. C., Ha T. M., An V. T., Khu D. T. K., Pham A. N., Nguyen L. T., Le O. N., Ross J. L., Sethaputra C., Law M. G., Cahn P., Cesar C., Fink V., Sued O., Dell'isola E., Perez H., Valiente J., Yamamoto C., Grinsztejn B., Veloso V., Luz P., de Boni R., Wagner S. C., Friedman R., Moreira R., Ferreira F., Maia M., de Menezes Succi R. C., Barbosa Gouv E A A. F. a. T., Wolff M., Cortes C., Rodriguez M. F., Allendes G., Pape J. W., Marcelin A., Perodin C., Luque M. T., Padgett D., Madero J. S., Ramirez B. C., Belaunzaran P., Vega Y. C., Gotuzzo E., Carriquiry G., McGowan C. C., Shepherd B. E., Sterling T., Jayathilake K., Person A. K., Rebeiro P. F., Giganti M., Castilho J., Duda S. N., Maruri F., Vansell H., P E Lagie N., Gateretse P., Munezero J., Nitereka V., Niyongabo T., Twizere C., Bukuru H., Nahimana T., Biziragusenyuka J., Manyundo R. S., Atsu K., Mbuh T., Ajeh R., Benwi M., Dzudie A., Mbuh A., Ngamani M. L., Nkome V., Amadou D., Ngassam E., Pefura Yone E. W., Ewanoge A. N., Fuhngwa N., Moki C., Akele C., Kitetele F., Lelo P., Tabala M., Okitolonda E. W., Wenzi L., Diafouka M., Ekat M. H., Nsonde D. M., Mafou A., Ntarambirwa F., Tuyishimire Y., Hakizimana T., Ayinkamiye J., Mukantwali S., Kayitesi H., Uwamahoro O., Habumuremyi V., Mukamana J., Kubwimana G., Mugenzi P., Muhoza B., Munyaneza A., Ndahiro E., Nyiransabimana D., D'Amour Sinayobye J., Sugira V., Benekigeri C., Mbaraga G., Adedimeji A., Anastos K., Dilorenzo M., Murchison L., Ross J., Addison D., Baker M., Brazier E., Jones H., Kelvin E., Kulkarni S., Nash D., Tymejczyk O., Elul B., Cai X., Hoover D., Kim H. -Y., Li C., Shi Q., Lancaster K., Kuniholm M., Parcesepe A., Duda S., Kimmel A., McNairy M., Diero L., Plus A. M. P. A. T. H., Bukusi E., Ssali J., Nalugoda F., Somi G. R., Lyamuya R. E., Ngonyani K., Lugina E., Urassa M., Michael D., Zannou M. D., Poda A., Sarfo F. S., Messou E., Chenal H., Minga K. A., Bissagnene E., Tanon A., Seydi M., Patassi A. A., Koumakpai-Adeothy S. A., Renner L. A., N'gbeche S. M., Bosse C. A., Kouakou K., Folquet M. A., Eboua F. c. O. T., Traore F. D., Dabis F. c. O., Arrive E., Balestre E., Becquet R., Bernard C., Arikawa S. C., Doring A., Jaquet A., Rabourdin E., Tiendrebeogo T., Jesson J., Ekouevi D. K., Azani J. -C., Coffi E P., Gnepa G., Kouadio C. G. K., Tchounga B., Maartens G., Lettow M. V., Muhairwe J., Jores A., Kamenova K., Fox M. P., Prozesky H., Zangerle R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Meyer L., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Fatkenheuer G., Del Amo J., Obel N., Thorne C., Mocroft A., Kirk O., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., D'Arminio Monforte A., Brockmeyer N., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Mussini C., Tookey P., Casabona J., Miro J. M., Castagna A., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Torti C., Sabin C., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., de Wit S., Costagliola D., Raben D., Barger D., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bohlius J., Bouteloup V., Cozzi-Lepri A., Dorrucci M., Dunn D., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Lambotte O., Lodi S., Matheron S., Miro J. M. ª., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Rohner E., Schomaker M., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., van der Valk M., Hazra R., Heckman B., O'gara E., Siminski S., Panayidou, K, Davies, M, Anderegg, N, Egger, M, Fatti, G, Vinikoor, M, Sawry, S, Ehmer, J, Eley, B, Phiri, S, Technau, K, Chimbetete, C, Rabie, H, Boulle, A, Tanser, F, Wood, R, Wools-Kaloustian, K, Vreeman, R, Oyaro, P, Ayaya, S, Nakigozi, G, Musick, B, Yiannoutsos, C, Amorissani-Folquet, M, Takassi, E, Sylla, M, Renner, L, Malateste, K, Desmonde, S, Leroy, V, Kurniati, N, Hansudewechakul, R, Nguyen, L, Ly, P, Truong, K, Kariminia, A, Sohn, A, Edmonds, A, Yumo, H, Dusingize, J, Yotebieng, M, Judd, A, Rojo, P, Smit, C, Grabar, S, Warszwarski, J, Chene, G, Raban, D, Patel, K, Seage, G, Van Dyke, R, Oleske, J, Williams, P, Abzug, M, Succi, R, Machado, D, Pinto, J, Rouzier, V, Luque, M, Mejia, F, Khol, V, Tucker, J, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Chandrasekaran, E, Wati, D, Vedaswari, D, Malino, I, Muktiarti, D, Fong, S, Lim, M, Daut, F, Nik Yusoff, N, Mohamad, P, Mohamed, T, Drawis, M, Nallusamy, R, Chan, K, Sudjaritruk, T, Sirisanthana, V, Aurpibul, L, Oberdorfer, P, Denjanta, S, Watanaporn, S, Kongphonoi, A, Lumbiganon, P, Kosalaraksa, P, Tharnprisan, P, Udomphanit, T, Jourdain, G, Puthanakit, T, Anugulruengkitt, S, Phadungphon, C, Chokephaibulkit, K, Lapphra, K, Phongsamart, W, Sricharoenchai, S, Du, Q, Nguyen, C, Do, V, Ha, T, An, V, Khu, D, Pham, A, Le, O, Ross, J, Sethaputra, C, Law, M, Cahn, P, Cesar, C, Fink, V, Sued, O, Dell'Isola, E, Perez, H, Valiente, J, Yamamoto, C, Grinsztejn, B, Veloso, V, Luz, P, de Boni, R, Wagner, S, Friedman, R, Moreira, R, Ferreira, F, Maia, M, de Menezes Succi, R, Barbosa Gouv E A, A, Wolff, M, Cortes, C, Rodriguez, M, Allendes, G, Pape, J, Marcelin, A, Perodin, C, Padgett, D, Madero, J, Ramirez, B, Belaunzaran, P, Vega, Y, Gotuzzo, E, Carriquiry, G, Mcgowan, C, Shepherd, B, Sterling, T, Jayathilake, K, Person, A, Rebeiro, P, Giganti, M, Castilho, J, Duda, S, Maruri, F, Vansell, H, P E Lagie, N, Gateretse, P, Munezero, J, Nitereka, V, Niyongabo, T, Twizere, C, Bukuru, H, Nahimana, T, Biziragusenyuka, J, Manyundo, R, Atsu, K, Mbuh, T, Ajeh, R, Benwi, M, Dzudie, A, Mbuh, A, Ngamani, M, Nkome, V, Amadou, D, Ngassam, E, Pefura Yone, E, Ewanoge, A, Fuhngwa, N, Moki, C, Akele, C, Kitetele, F, Lelo, P, Tabala, M, Okitolonda, E, Wenzi, L, Diafouka, M, Ekat, M, Nsonde, D, Mafou, A, Ntarambirwa, F, Tuyishimire, Y, Hakizimana, T, Ayinkamiye, J, Mukantwali, S, Kayitesi, H, Uwamahoro, O, Habumuremyi, V, Mukamana, J, Kubwimana, G, Mugenzi, P, Muhoza, B, Munyaneza, A, Ndahiro, E, Nyiransabimana, D, D'Amour Sinayobye, J, Sugira, V, Benekigeri, C, Mbaraga, G, Adedimeji, A, Anastos, K, Dilorenzo, M, Murchison, L, Addison, D, Baker, M, Brazier, E, Jones, H, Kelvin, E, Kulkarni, S, Nash, D, Tymejczyk, O, Elul, B, Cai, X, Hoover, D, Kim, H, Li, C, Shi, Q, Lancaster, K, Kuniholm, M, Parcesepe, A, Kimmel, A, Mcnairy, M, Diero, L, Plus, A, Bukusi, E, Ssali, J, Nalugoda, F, Somi, G, Lyamuya, R, Ngonyani, K, Lugina, E, Urassa, M, Michael, D, Zannou, M, Poda, A, Sarfo, F, Messou, E, Chenal, H, Minga, K, Bissagnene, E, Tanon, A, Seydi, M, Patassi, A, Koumakpai-Adeothy, S, N'Gbeche, S, Bosse, C, Kouakou, K, Folquet, M, Eboua, F, Traore, F, Dabis, F, Arrive, E, Balestre, E, Becquet, R, Bernard, C, Arikawa, S, Doring, A, Jaquet, A, Rabourdin, E, Tiendrebeogo, T, Jesson, J, Ekouevi, D, Azani, J, Coffi E, P, Gnepa, G, Kouadio, C, Tchounga, B, Maartens, G, Lettow, M, Muhairwe, J, Jores, A, Kamenova, K, Fox, M, Prozesky, H, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, de Wit, S, Costagliola, D, Raben, D, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Lambotte, O, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, van der Valk, M, Hazra, R, Heckman, B, O'Gara, E, and Siminski, S

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, sub-Saharan Africa, Databases, Factual, CD4 cell count, HIV Infections, Global Health, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Central and South America, Advanced disease, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cd4 cell count, skin and connective tissue diseases, Child, Research Articles, humanities, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Income, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, advanced HIV disease, antiretroviral therapy, Asia, Caribbean, North America, WHO guidelines, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Drug Administration Schedule, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Poverty, World Health Organization, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, education, 610 Medicine & health, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 360 Social problems & social services, Intensive care medicine, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Antiretroviral therapy, Who guidelines, sense organs, business, sub‐Saharan Africa
Abstract

Introduction: The CD4 cell count and percent at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are measures of advanced HIV disease and thus are important indicators of programme performance for children living with HIV. In particular, World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 guidelines on advanced HIV disease noted that >80% of children aged 40% of children in low- and middle-income countries started cART with severe immunodeficiency compared to

Published
2018

10. Reference curves for CD4 T-cell count response to combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected treatment-naïve patients

Author

Bouteloup V., Sabin C., Mocroft A., Gras L., Pantazis N., Le Moing V., d'Arminio Monforte A., Mary-Krause M., Roca B., Miro J. M., Battegay M., Brockmeyer N., Berenguer J., Morlat P., Obel N., De Wit S., Fatkenheuer G., Zangerle R., Ghosn J., Perez-Hoyos S., Campbell M., Prins M., Chene G., Meyer L., Dorrucci M., Torti C., Thiebaut R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Dabis F., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Bucher H., Gibb D., Amo J. D., Thorne C., Kirk O., Stephan C., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Rauch A., Mussini C., Tookey P., Casabona J., Castagna A., Deborah Konopnick, Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., Costagliola D., del Amo J., Raben D., Judd A., Barger D., Colin C., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Bohlius J., Cozzi-Lepri A., Davies M. -A., Dunn D., Egger M., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Grabar S., Lambotte O., Leroy V., Lodi S., Matheron S., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Schomaker M., Smit C., Sterne J., van der Valk M., Wyss N., AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, Bouteloup, V, Sabin, C, Mocroft, A, Gras, L, Pantazis, N, Le Moing, V, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Mary-Krause, M, Roca, B, Miro, Jm, Battegay, M, Brockmeyer, N, Berenguer, J, Morlat, P, Obel, N, De Wit, S, Fätkenheuer, G, Zangerle, R, Ghosn, J, Pérez-Hoyos, S, Campbell, M, Prins, M, Chêne, G, Dorrucci, M, Torti, C, Thiébaut, R, the Standard Reference Distribution of CD4 Response to HAART Project Team for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE) in, Eurocoord, Castagna, Antonella, Miro, J, Fatkenheuer, G, Perez-Hoyos, S, Chene, G, Meyer, L, Thiebaut, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Amo, J, Thorne, C, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Rauch, A, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Castagna, A, Deborah, K, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Costagliola, D, del Amo, J, Raben, D, Judd, A, Barger, D, Colin, C, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Bohlius, J, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, van der Valk, M, Wyss, N, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Research Department of Infection and Population Health [London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics [Athens], University of Athens Medical School [Athens], Université de Montpellier (UM), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospital General De Castellon, Clinical and experimental neuroimmunology [IDIBAPS], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University Hospital Basel [Basel], Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Hôpital Saint-André, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Statistics In System biology and Translational Medicine (SISTM), Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)- Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CRAHI-UPC, Edifici NEXUS 104-106, Calle Gran Capità 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, affiliation inconnue, Pork CRC Roseworthy, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation (LEGS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Pediatrics, Percentile, longitudinal data, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CD4 response, HIV monitoring, antiretroviral treatment monitoring, longitudinal data, HIV Infections, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, antiretroviral treatment monitoring, CD4 response, HIV monitoring, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Drug Monitoring, Europe, Female, HIV-1, Humans, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Young Adult, Interquartile range, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Epidemiology, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Health Policy, virus diseases, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte, Cohort, Viral load, Human, Cart, medicine.medical_specialty, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), medicine, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Antiretroviral therapy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Anti-Retroviral Agent, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this work was to provide a reference for the CD4 T-cell count response in the early months after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-1-infected patients. Methods: All patients in the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) cohort who were aged ≥ 18 years and started cART for the first time between 1 January 2005 and 1 January 2010 and who had at least one available measurement of CD4 count and a viral load ≤ 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL at 6 months (± 3 months) after cART initiation were included in the study. Unadjusted and adjusted references curves and predictions were obtained using quantile regressions. Results: A total of 28 992 patients were included in the study. The median CD4 T-cell count at treatment initiation was 249 [interquartile range (IQR) 150, 336] cells/μL. The median observed CD4 counts at 6, 9 and 12 months were 382 (IQR 256, 515), 402 (IQR 274, 543) and 420 (IQR 293, 565) cells/μL. The two main factors explaining the variation of CD4 count at 6 months were AIDS stage and CD4 count at cART initiation. A CD4 count increase of ≥ 100 cells/mL is generally required in order that patients stay ‘on track’ (i.e. with a CD4 count at the same percentile as when they started), with slightly higher gains required for those starting with CD4 counts in the higher percentiles. Individual predictions adjusted for factors influencing CD4 count were more precise. Conclusions: Reference curves aid the evaluation of the immune response early after antiretroviral therapy initiation that leads to viral control.

Published
2017

11. Predictors of CD4 cell recovery following initiation of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1 positive patients with well-estimated dates of seroconversion

Author

Stirrup, O.T. Copas, A.J. Phillips, A.N. Gill, M.J. Geskus, R.B. Touloumi, G. Young, J. Bucher, H.C. Babiker, A.G. Kelleher, T. Cooper, D. Grey, P. Finlayson, R. Bloch, M. Ramacciotti, T. Gelgor, L. Smith, D. Zangerle, R. Gill, J. Lutsar, I. Chêne, G. Dabis, F. Thiebaut, R. Costagliola, D. Guiguet, M. Vanhems, P. Chaix, M.-L. Ghosn, J. Meyer, L. Boufassa, F. Hamouda, O. Meixenberger, K. Bannert, N. Bartmeyer, B. Antoniadou, A. Chrysos, G. Daikos, G.L. Pantazis, N. Katsarou, O. Rezza, G. Dorrucci, M. Monforte, A. Luca, A. Prins, M. Geskus, R. Helm, J. Schuitemaker, H. Sannes, M. Brubakk, O. Kran, A.-M. Rosinska, M. Muga, R. Tor, J. Olalla, P. Cayla, J. Moreno, S. Monge, S. Amo, J. Romero, J. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Sönnerborg, A. Bucher, C. Günthard, H. Scherrer, A. Malyuta, R. Murphy, G. Porter, K. Johnson, A. Babiker, A. Pillay, D. Morrison, C. Salata, R. Mugerwa, R. Chipato, T. Price, M.A. Gilmour, J. Kamali, A. Karita, E. CASCADE Collaboration in EuroCoord

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate factors that predict speed of recovery and long-term CD4 cell count in HIV-1 seroconverters initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and to quantify the influence of very early treatment initiation. We make use of all pre-treatment CD4 counts, because analyses using only a single observation at initiation may be subject to biases. Methods: We used data from the CASCADE (Concerted Action on SeroConversion to AIDS and Death in Europe) multinational cohort collaboration of HIV-1 seroconverters. We analysed pre- and post-treatment data of patients with seroconversion dates estimated January 2003–March 2014 (n = 7600 for primary analysis) using a statistical model in which the characteristics of recovery in CD4 counts are determined by multiple predictive factors. Secondary analyses were performed incorporating uncertainty in the exact timing of seroconversion to allow more precise estimation of the benefit of very early treatment initiation. Results: ‘True’ CD4 count at cART initiation was the strongest predictor of CD4 count beyond 3 years on cART. Allowing for lack of complete certainty in the date of seroconversion, CD4 recovery was more rapid for patients in whom treatment was initiated within 4 months. For a given CD4 count, higher viral load (VL) at initiation was strongly associated with higher post-treatment CD4 recovery. For other patient and drug characteristics, associations with recovery were statistically significant but small in magnitude. Conclusions: CD4 count at cART initiation is the most important factor in predicting post-treatment recovery, but VL provides substantial additional information. If cART is initiated in the first 4 months following seroconversion, recovery of CD4 counts appears to be more rapid. © 2017 The Authors. HIV Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British HIV Association

Published
2018

12. Improved darunavir genotypic mutation score predicting treatment response for patients infected with HIRaben-1 subtype B and non-subtype B receiving a salvage regimen

Author

De Luca A., Flandre P., Dunn D., Zazzi M., Wensing A., Santoro M. M., Gunthard H. F., Wittkop L., Kordossis T., Garcia F., Castagna A., Cozzi-Lepri A., Churchill D., De Wit S., Brockmeyer N. H., Imaz A., Mussini C., Obel N., Perno C. F., Roca B., Reiss P., Schulter E., Torti C., van Sighem A., Zangerle R., Descamps D., Mocroft A., Kirk O., Sabin C., Casadi W., Casabona J., Miro J. M., Touloumi G., Garrido M., Teira R., Wit F., Warszawski J., Meyer L., Dabis F., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Fatkenheuer G., del Amo J., Thorne C., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., d'Arminio Monforte A., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Tookey P., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Haerry D., de Wit S., Costagliola D., Raben D., Chene G., Ceccherini-Silberstein F., Gunthard H., Judd A., Barger D., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bohlius J., Bouteloup V., Davies M. -A., Dorrucci M., Egger M., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Grabar S., Lambotte O., Leroy V., Lodi S., Matheron S., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Schomaker M., Smit C., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., van der Valk M., Wyss N., Aubert V., Bernasconi E., Boni J., Burton-Jeangros C., Calmy A., Cavassini M., Dollenmaier G., Elzi L., Fehr J., Fellay J., Fux C. A., Gorgievski M., Hasse B., Hirsch H. H., Hoffmann M., Hosli I., Kahlert C., Kaiser L., Keiser O., Klimkait T., Kovari H., Ledergerber B., Martinetti G., Martinez de Tejada B., Metzner K., Muller N., Nadal D., Nicca D., Pantaleo G., Rauch A., Regenass S., Rickenbach M., Rudin C., Schoni-Affolter F., Schmid P., Schupbach J., Speck R., Tarr P., Telenti A., Trkola A., Vernazza P., Weber R., Yerly S., De Luca, A, Flandre, P, Dunn, D, Zazzi, M, Wensing, A, Santoro, M, Gunthard, H, Wittkop, L, Kordossis, T, Garcia, F, Castagna, A, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Churchill, D, De Wit, S, Brockmeyer, N, Imaz, A, Mussini, C, Obel, N, Perno, C, Roca, B, Reiss, P, Schulter, E, Torti, C, van Sighem, A, Zangerle, R, Descamps, D, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Sabin, C, Casadi, W, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Touloumi, G, Garrido, M, Teira, R, Wit, F, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Dabis, F, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Haerry, D, de Wit, S, Costagliola, D, Raben, D, Chene, G, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Judd, A, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, van der Valk, M, Wyss, N, Aubert, V, Bernasconi, E, Boni, J, Burton-Jeangros, C, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Dollenmaier, G, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hoffmann, M, Hosli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, Martinez de Tejada, B, Metzner, K, Muller, N, Nadal, D, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schoni-Affolter, F, Schmid, P, Schupbach, J, Speck, R, Tarr, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, University of Zurich, De Luca, Andrea, Santoro, Mm, Günthard, Hf, Brockmeyer, Nh, Perno, Cf, Schülter, E, on behalf of CHAIN and COHERE in, Eurocoord, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Infectious diseases, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, Enfuvirtide, Genotyping Techniques, HIV Infections, 2726 Microbiology (medical), 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, HIV Protease, Genotype, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), Medicine, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Non-U.S. Gov't, Darunavir, Aged, 80 and over, Microbial Sensitivity Test, Medicine (all), Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Proteolytic enzymes, Middle Aged, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Prognosis, Europe, 3004 Pharmacology, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Female, Human, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Pharmacology, Prognosi, Anti-HIV Agents, 610 Medicine & health, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Research Support, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Linear regression, Drug Resistance, Viral, Journal Article, Humans, Aged, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Anti-HIV Agent, 2725 Infectious Diseases, Raltegravir, 030112 virology, Virology, HIV Darunavir, Mutation, HIV-1, genotypic, Genotyping Technique, business
Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this studywas to improve the prediction of the impact of HIV-1 protease mutations in different viral subtypes on virological response to darunavir. Methods: Darunavir-containing treatment change episodes (TCEs) in patients previously failing PIs were selected from large European databases. HIV-1 subtype B-infected patients were used as the derivation dataset and HIV- 1 non-B-infected patients were used as the validation dataset. The adjusted association of each mutation with week 8 HIV RNA change from baseline was analysed by linear regression. A prediction model was derived based on best subset least squares estimation with mutational weights corresponding to regression coefficients. Virological outcome prediction accuracy was compared with that from existing genotypic resistance interpretation systems (GISs) (ANRS 2013, Rega 9.1.0 and HIVdb 7.0). Results: TCEs were selected from 681 subtype B-infected and 199 non-B-infected adults. Accompanying drugs were NRTIs in 87%, NNRTIs in 27%and raltegravir ormaraviroc or enfuvirtide in 53%. The predictionmodel included weighted protease mutations, HIV RNA, CD4 and activity of accompanying drugs. The model's association with week 8 HIV RNA change in the subtype B (derivation) set was R2=0.47 [average squared error (ASE)=0.67, P>10-6]; in the non-B (validation) set, ASE was 0.91. Accuracy investigated by means of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves with a binary response (above the threshold value of HIV RNA reduction) showed that our finalmodel outperformed models with existing interpretation systems in both training and validation sets. Conclusions: A model with a new darunavir-weighted mutation score outperformed existing GISs in both B and non-B subtypes in predicting virological response to darunavir.

Published
2016

13. Chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection and risk for non-hodgkin lymphoma in HIV-infected patients: A cohort study

Author

Wang, Q. De Luca, A. Smith, C. Zangerle, R. Sambatakou, H. Bonnet, F. Smit, C. Schommers, P. Thornton, A. Berenguer, J. Peters, L. Spagnuolo, V. Ammassari, A. Antinori, A. Roldan, E.Q. Mussini, C. Miro, J.M. Konopnicki, D. Fehr, J. Campbell, M.A. Termote, M. Bucher, H.C. De Wit, S. Costagliola, D. D'Arminio-Monforte, A. Castagna, A. Del Amo, J. Mocroft, A. Raben, D. Chêne, G. Touloumi, G. Warszawski, J. Meyer, L. Dabis, F. Krause, M.M. Ghosn, J. Leport, C. Wittkop, L. Reiss, P. Wit, F. Prins, M. Sabin, C. Gibb, D. Fätkenheuer, G. Obel, N. Thorne, C. Kirk, O. Stephan, C. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Hamouda, O. Bartmeyer, B. Chkhartishvili, N. Noguera-Julian, A. Brockmeyer, N. Prieto, L. Conejo, P.R. Soriano-Arandes, A. Battegay, M. Rauch, A. Tookey, P. Casabona, J. Goetghebuer, T. Sönnerborg, A. Torti, C. Teira, R. Garrido, M. Haerry, D. Bohlius, J. Bouteloup, V. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Davies, M.-A. Dorrucci, M. Dunn, D. Egger, M. Furrer, H. Guiguet, M. Grabar, S. Judd, A. Lambotte, O. Leroy, V. Lodi, S. Matheron, S. Monge, S. Nakagawa, F. Paredes, R. Phillips, A. Puoti, M. Schomaker, M. Sterne, J. Thiebaut, R. Van Der Valk, M. Wyss, N. Barger, D. Schwimmer, C. Friis-Møller, N. Kjaer, J. Brandt, R.S. The Hepatitis Coinfection Non Hodgkin Lymphoma project team for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) in EuroCoord

Subjects
virus diseases, digestive system diseases
Abstract

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common AIDS-defining condition in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Whether chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection promote NHL in HIV-infected patients is unclear. Objective: To investigate whether chronic HBV and HCV infection are associated with increased incidence of NHL in HIVinfected patients. Design: Cohort study. Setting: 18 of 33 cohorts from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE). Patients: HIV-infected patients with information on HBV surface antigen measurements and detectable HCV RNA, or a positive HCV antibody test result if HCV RNA measurements were not available. Measurements: Time-dependent Cox models to assess risk for NHL in treatment-naive patients and those initiating ART, with inverse probability weighting to control for informative censoring. Results: A total of 52 479 treatment-naive patients (1339 [2.6%] with chronic HBV infection and 7506 [14.3%] with HCV infection) were included, of whom 40 219 (77%) later started ART. The median follow-up was 13 months for treatment-naive patients and 50 months for those receiving ART. A total of 252 treatmentnaive patients and 310 treated patients developed NHL, with incidence rates of 219 and 168 cases per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The hazard ratios for NHL with HBV and HCV infection were 1.33 (95% CI, 0.69 to 2.56) and 0.67 (CI, 0.40 to 1.12), respectively, in treatment-naive patients and 1.74 (CI, 1.08 to 2.82) and 1.73 (CI, 1.21 to 2.46), respectively, in treated patients. Limitation: Many treatment-naive patients later initiated ART, which limited the study of the associations of chronic HBV and HCV infection with NHL in this patient group. Conclusion: In HIV-infected patients receiving ART, chronic coinfection with HBV and HCV is associated with an increased risk for NHL. © 2017 American College of Physicians.

Published
2017

14. CD4 cell count response to first-line combination ART in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients: A multinational, multicohort European study

Author

Wittkop, L. Arsandaux, J. Trevino, A. van der Loeff, M.S. Anderson, J. van Sighem, A. Böni, J. Brun-Vezinet, F. Soriano, V. Boufassa, F. Brockmeyer, N. Calmy, A. Dabis, F. Jarrin, I. Dorrucci, M. Duque, V. Fätkenheuer, G. Zangerle, R. Ferrer, E. Porter, K. Judd, A. Sipsas, N.V. Lambotte, O. Shepherd, L. Leport, C. Morrison, C. Mussini, C. Obel, N. Ruelle, J. Schwarze-Zander, C. Sonnerborg, A. Teira, R. Torti, C. Valadas, E. Colin, C. Friis-Møller, N. Costagliola, D. Thiebaut, R. Chene, G. Matheron, S. Touloumi, G. Warszawski, J. Meyer, L. Krause, M.M. Ghosn, J. Reiss, P. Wit, F. Prins, M. Bucher, H. Gibb, D. Del Amo, J. Thorne, C. Mocroft, A. Kirk, O. Stephan, C. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Hamouda, O. Bartmeyer, B. Chkhartishvili, N. Noguera-Julian, A. Antinori, A. Monforte, A. Prieto, L. Conejo, P.R. Soriano-Arandes, A. Battegay, M. Kouyos, R. Tookey, P. Casabona, J. Mirò, J.M. Castagna, A. Konopnick, D. Goetghebuer, T. Sönnerborg, A. Sabin, C. Garrido, M. Haerry, D. Berenguer, J. Bohlius, J. Bouteloup, V. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Monforte, A.A. Davies, M.-A. Amo, J. Dunn, D. Egger, M. Furrer, H. Guiguet, M. Grabar, S. Leroy, V. Lodi, S. Monge, S. Nakagawa, F. Paredes, R. Phillips, A. Puoti, M. Schomaker, M. Smit, C. Sterne, J. van der Valk, M. Wyss, N. n behalf of the COHERE in EuroCoord ACHIeV2e Study Group

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

Background: CD4 cell recovery following first-line combination ART (cART) is poorer in HIV-2+ than in HIV-1+ patients. Only large comparisons may allow adjustments for demographic and pretreatment plasma viral load (pVL). Methods: ART-naive HIV+ adults from two European multicohort collaborations, COHERE (HIV-1 alone) and ACHIeV2e (HIV-2 alone), were included, if they started first-line cART (without NNRTIs or fusion inhibitors) between 1997 and 2011. Patients without at least one CD4 cell count before start of cART, without a pretreatment pVL and with missing a priori-defined covariables were excluded. Evolution of CD4 cell count was studied using adjusted linear mixed models. Results: We included 185 HIV-2+ and 30321 HIV-1+ patients with median age of 46 years (IQR 36-52) and 37 years (IQR 31-44), respectively. Median observed pretreatment CD4 cell counts/mm3 were 203 (95% CI 100-290) in HIV-2+ patients and 223 (95% CI 100-353) in HIV-1+ patients. Mean observed CD4 cell count changes from start of cART to 12months were +105 (95% CI 77-134) in HIV-2+ patients and +202 (95% CI 199-205) in HIV-1+ patients, an observed difference of 97 cells/mm3 in 1 year. In adjusted analysis, the mean CD4 cell increase was overall 25 CD4 cells/mm3/year lower (95% CI 5-44; P=0.0127) in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients. Conclusions: A poorer CD4 cell increase during first-line cART was observed in HIV-2+patients, even after adjusting for pretreatment pVL and other potential confounders. Our results underline the need to identify more potent therapeutic regimens or strategies against HIV-2.

Published
2017

15. Reference curves for CD4 T-cell count response to combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive patients

Author

Bouteloup, V. Sabin, C. Mocroft, A. Gras, L. Pantazis, N. Le Moing, V. d'Arminio Monforte, A. Mary-Krause, M. and Roca, B. Miro, J. M. Battegay, M. Brockmeyer, N. and Berenguer, J. Morlat, P. Obel, N. De Wit, S. and Faetkenheuer, G. Zangerle, R. Ghosn, J. Perez-Hoyos, S. and Campbell, M. Prins, M. Chene, G. Meyer, L. Dorrucci, M. and Torti, C. Thiebaut, R. Stand Reference Distribution CD4 R

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to provide a reference for the CD4 T-cell count response in the early months after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-1-infected patients. MethodsAll patients in the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) cohort who were aged 18 years and started cART for the first time between 1 January 2005 and 1 January 2010 and who had at least one available measurement of CD4 count and a viral load 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL at 6 months ( 3 months) after cART initiation were included in the study. Unadjusted and adjusted references curves and predictions were obtained using quantile regressions. ResultsA total of 28 992 patients were included in the study. The median CD4 T-cell count at treatment initiation was 249 [interquartile range (IQR) 150, 336] cells/L. The median observed CD4 counts at 6, 9 and 12 months were 382 (IQR 256, 515), 402 (IQR 274, 543) and 420 (IQR 293, 565) cells/L. The two main factors explaining the variation of CD4 count at 6 months were AIDS stage and CD4 count at cART initiation. A CD4 count increase of 100 cells/mL is generally required in order that patients stay on track’ (i.e. with a CD4 count at the same percentile as when they started), with slightly higher gains required for those starting with CD4 counts in the higher percentiles. Individual predictions adjusted for factors influencing CD4 count were more precise. ConclusionsReference curves aid the evaluation of the immune response early after antiretroviral therapy initiation that leads to viral control.

Published
2017

17. Predictors of CD4(+) T-cell counts of HIV type 1-infected persons after virologic failure of all 3 original antiretroviral drug classes

Author

Audelin, A., Castagna, A., Costagliola, D., Cozzi-Lepri, A., De Luca, A., De Wit, S., de Wolf, F., Dorrucci, M., Duval, X., Fatkenheuer, G., Garcia, F., Ghosn, J., Gunthard, H., Jansen, K., Judd, A., Ledergerber, B., Lo Caputo, S., Lodwick, R., Masquelier, B., Meyer, L., Mocroft, A., Mussini, C., Noguera-Julian, A., Obel, N., Paraskevis, D., Paredes, R., Perez-Hoyos, S., Phillips, A., Pillay, D., Podzamczer, D., Ramos, J. T., Stephan, C., Tookey, P. A., Torti, C., Touloumi, G., van Sighem, A., Warsawski, J., Zangerle, R., Warszawski, J., Dabis, F., Krause, M. M., Leport, C., Reiss, P., Prins, M., Bucher, H., Sabin, C., Gibb, D., Del Amo, J., Thorne, C., Kirk, O., Antinori, A., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Brockmeyer, N., Ramos, J., Battegay, M., Rauch, A., Tookey, P., Casabona, J., Miro, J. M., de Wit, S., Goetghebuer, T., Teira, R., Garrido, M., Haerry, D., Weller, I., d'Arminio-Monforte, A., Grarup, J., Chene, G., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Egger, M., Engsig, F., Furrer, H., Lambotte, O., Lewden, C., Matheron, S., Miro, J., Puoti, M., Reekie, J., Scherrer, A., Smit, C., Sterne, J., Thiebaut, R., von Wyl, V., Wittkop, L., Ledergerber, Bruno, Cohere, Cohort, Castagna, Antonella, Other departments, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, and Infectious diseases

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, Infectious Disease, HIV Infections, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, antiretroviral agent, Internal medicine, Medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, Middle Aged, Treatment Failure, Viral Load, Generalized estimating equation, HIV cohort study, business.industry, CD4 lymphocyte count, Raltegravir, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, VIROLOGIC FAILURE, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Cohort, triple-class virologic failure, HIV-1, Anti-Retroviral Agent, business, Viral load, medicine.drug, Human
Abstract

Background. Low CD4+ T-cell counts are the main factor leading to clinical progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We aimed to investigate factors affecting CD4+ T-cell counts after triple-class virological failure.Methods. We included individuals from the COHERE database who started antiretroviral therapy from 1998 onward and who experienced triple-class virological failure. CD4+ T-cell counts obtained after triple-class virologic failure were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.Results. The analyses included 2424 individuals with a total of 23 922 CD4+ T-cell count measurements. In adjusted models (excluding current viral load and year), CD4+ T-cell counts were higher with regimens that included boosted protease inhibitors (increase, 22 cells/μL [95% confidence interval CI, 3.9-41]; P =. 017) or drugs from the new classes (increase, 39 cells/μL [95% CI, 15-62]; P =. 001), compared with nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens. These associations disappeared when current viral load and/or calendar year were included. Compared with viral levels of 5.5 log10 copies/mL were associated with CD4+ T-cell count decreases of 51, 84, 137, and 186 cells/μL, respectively (P

Published
2013

18. Changes in the incidence and predictors of human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Author

Bhaskaran, K, Mussini, Cristina, Antinori, A, Walker, As, Dorrucci, M, Sabin, C, Phillips, A, Porter, K, and Cascade, Collaboration

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, AIDS Dementia Complex, Time Factors, HAART, Sexual Behavior, HIV Infections, Severity of Illness Index, Risk-Taking, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Risk Factors, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Medicine, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1), DEMENTIA, Age of Onset, Homosexuality, Male, Seroconversion, Survival analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Incidence, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Confidence interval, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Neurology, Relative risk, Immunology, Disease Progression, Female, Neurology (clinical), Age of onset, business, Viral load
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Though effective anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapies are now available, they have variable penetration into the brain. We therefore aimed to assess changes over calendar time in the risk for HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D), and factors associated with HIV-D risk. METHODS: Using Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe (CASCADE) data, we analyzed factors associated with time from HIV seroconversion to HIV-D using Cox models with time-updated covariates. The effect of duration of infection was explored using flexible parametric survival models. RESULTS: 222 of 15,380 seroconverters developed HIV-D. The incidence per 1,000 person-years was 6.49 pre-1997 (before highly active antiretroviral therapy was available), declining to 0.66 by 2003 to 2006. Compared with most recent CD4 count > or = 350 cells/mm3, the adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval) of HIV-D was 3.47 (1.91-6.28), 10.19 (5.72-18.15), and 39.03 (22.96-66.36) at 200 to 349, 100 to 199, and 0 to 99 cells/mm3, respectively. In 2003 to 2006, older age at seroconversion (relative risk = 3.24 per 10-year increase [95% confidence interval, 2.00-5.24]) and previous acquired immune deficiency syndrome diagnosis (relative risk = 4.92 [95% confidence interval, 1.43-16.92]) were associated with HIV-D risk, independently of current CD4 count. HIV-D risk appeared to increase during chronic infection, by 48% at 10 years after seroconversion compared with the lowest risk at 1.8 years. INTERPRETATION: HIV-D incidence has reduced markedly since 1997. However, patients with low (

Published
2016

19. Improved darunavir genotypic mutation score predicting treatment response for patients infected with HIRaben-1 subtype B and non-subtype B receiving a salvage regimen

Author

De Luca, A. Flandre, P. Dunn, D. Zazzi, M. Wensing, A. Santoro, M.M. Günthard, H.F. Wittkop, L. Kordossis, T. Garcia, F. Castagna, A. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Churchill, D. De Wit, S. Brockmeyer, N.H. Imaz, A. Mussini, C. Obel, N. Perno, C.F. Roca, B. Reiss, P. Schülter, E. Torti, C. van Sighem, A. Zangerle, R. Descamps, D. Mocroft, A. Kirk, O. Sabin, C. Casadi, W. Casabona, J. Miró, J.M. Touloumi, G. Garrido, M. Teira, R. Wit, F. Warszawski, J. Meyer, L. Dabis, F. Krause, M.M. Ghosn, J. Leport, C. Prins, M. Bucher, H. Gibb, D. Fätkenheuer, G. del Amo, J. Thorne, C. Stephan, C. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Hamouda, O. Bartmeyer, B. Chkhartishvili, N. Noguera-Julian, A. Antinori, A. d'Arminio Monforte, A. Prieto, L. Conejo, P.R. Soriano-Arandes, A. Battegay, M. Kouyos, R. Tookey, P. Konopnick, D. Goetghebuer, T. Sönnerborg, A. Haerry, D. Costagliola, D. Raben, D. Chêne, G. Ceccherini-Silberstein, F. Günthard, H. Judd, A. Barger, D. Schwimmer, C. Termote, M. Campbell, M. Frederiksen, C.M. Friis-Møller, N. Kjaer, J. Brandt, R.S. Berenguer, J. Bohlius, J. Bouteloup, V. Davies, M.-A. Dorrucci, M. Egger, M. Furrer, H. Guiguet, M. Grabar, S. Lambotte, O. Leroy, V. Lodi, S. Matheron, S. Monge, S. Nakagawa, F. Paredes, R. Phillips, A. Puoti, M. Schomaker, M. Smit, C. Sterne, J. Thiebaut, R. van der Valk, M. Wyss, N. Aubert, V. Battegay, M. Bernasconi, E. Böni, J. Burton-Jeangros, C. Calmy, A. Cavassini, M. Dollenmaier, G. Egger, M. Elzi, L. Fehr, J. Fellay, J. Furrer, H. Fux, C.A. Gorgievski, M. Günthard, H. Haerry, D. Hasse, B. Hirsch, H.H. Hoffmann, M. Hösli, I. Kahlert, C. Kaiser, L. Keiser, O. Klimkait, T. Kouyos, R. Kovari, H. Ledergerber, B. Martinetti, G. Martinez de Tejada, B. Metzner, K. Müller, N. Nadal, D. Nicca, D. Pantaleo, G. Rauch, A. Regenass, S. Rickenbach, M. Rudin, C. Schöni-Affolter, F. Schmid, P. Schüpbach, J. Speck, R. Tarr, P. Telenti, A. Trkola, A. Vernazza, P. Weber, R. Yerly, S. CHAIN COHERE in EuroCoord

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this studywas to improve the prediction of the impact of HIV-1 protease mutations in different viral subtypes on virological response to darunavir. Methods: Darunavir-containing treatment change episodes (TCEs) in patients previously failing PIs were selected from large European databases. HIV-1 subtype B-infected patients were used as the derivation dataset and HIV- 1 non-B-infected patients were used as the validation dataset. The adjusted association of each mutation with week 8 HIV RNA change from baseline was analysed by linear regression. A prediction model was derived based on best subset least squares estimation with mutational weights corresponding to regression coefficients. Virological outcome prediction accuracy was compared with that from existing genotypic resistance interpretation systems (GISs) (ANRS 2013, Rega 9.1.0 and HIVdb 7.0). Results: TCEs were selected from 681 subtype B-infected and 199 non-B-infected adults. Accompanying drugs were NRTIs in 87%, NNRTIs in 27%and raltegravir ormaraviroc or enfuvirtide in 53%. The predictionmodel included weighted protease mutations, HIV RNA, CD4 and activity of accompanying drugs. The model's association with week 8 HIV RNA change in the subtype B (derivation) set was R2=0.47 [average squared error (ASE)=0.67, P>10-6]; in the non-B (validation) set, ASE was 0.91. Accuracy investigated by means of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves with a binary response (above the threshold value of HIV RNA reduction) showed that our finalmodel outperformed models with existing interpretation systems in both training and validation sets. Conclusions: A model with a new darunavir-weighted mutation score outperformed existing GISs in both B and non-B subtypes in predicting virological response to darunavir. © The Author 2016.

Published
2016

20. Does rapid HIV disease progression prior to combination antiretroviral therapy hinder optimal CD4 + T-cell recovery once HIV-1 suppression is achieved?

Author

Jarrin, I. Pantazis, N. Dalmau, J. Phillips, A.N. Olson, A. Mussini, C. Boufassa, F. Costagliola, D. Porter, K. Blanco, J. Del Amo, J. Martinez-Picado, J. Chene, G. Sabin, C. Walker, S. Fisher, M. Kelleher, T. Cooper, D. Finlayson, R. Bloch, M. Ramacciotti, T. Gelgor, L. Smith, D. Zangerle, R. Gill, J. Lutsar, I. Dabis, F. Thiebaut, R. Guiguet, M. Vanhems, P. Chaix, M.-L. Ghosn, J. Meyer, L. Hamouda, O. Kucherer, C. Bartmeyer, B. Antoniadou, A. Chrysos, G. Daikos, G.L. Touloumi, G. Katsarou, O. Rezza, G. Dorrucci, M. Monforte, A.D. De Luca, A. Prins, M. Geskus, R. Van Der Helm, J. Schuitemaker, H. Sannes, M. Brubakk, O. Kran, A.-M.B. Rosinska, M. Muga, R. Tor, J. De Olalla, P.G. Cayla, J. Moreno, S. Monge, S. Del Romero, J. Perez-Hoyos, S. Sonnerborg, A. Bucher, H.C. Gunthard, H. Rickenbach, M. Malyuta, R. Murphy, G. Johnson, A. Babiker, A. Pillay, D. Morrison, C. Salata, R. Mugerwa, R. Chipato, T. Amornkul, P.N. Gilmour, J. Kamali, A. Karita, E. Burns, F. Giaquinto, C. Grarup, J. Kirk, O. Bailey, H. Anne, A.V. Panteleev, A. Thorne, C. Aboulker, J.-P. Albert, J. Asandi, S. De Wit, S. Reiss, P. Gatell, J. Karpov, I. Ledergerber, B. Lundgren, J. Møller, C. Rakhmanova, A. Rockstroh, J. Sandhu, M. Dedes, N. Fenton, K. Pizzuti, D. Vitoria, M. Faggion, S. Fradette, L. Frost, R. Cartier, A. Raben, D. Schwimmer, C. Scott, M.

Abstract

Objective: This article compares trends in CD4 + T-cell recovery and proportions achieving optimal restoration (≥500cells/μl) after viral suppression following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation between rapid and nonrapid progressors. Methods: We included HIV-1 seroconverters achieving viral suppression within 6 months of cART. Rapid progressors were individuals experiencing at least one CD4 + less than 200cells/μl within 12 months of seroconverters before cART. We used piecewise linear mixed models and logistic regression for optimal restoration. Results: Of 4024 individuals, 294 (7.3%) were classified as rapid progressors. At the same CD4 + T-cell count at cART start (baseline), rapid progressors experienced faster CD4 + T-cell increases than nonrapid progressors in first month [difference (95% confidence interval) in mean increase/month (square root scale): 1.82 (1.61; 2.04)], which reversed to slightly slower increases in months 1-18 [-0.05 (-0.06; -0.03)] and no significant differences in 18-60 months [-0.003 (-0.01; 0.01)]. Percentage achieving optimal restoration was significantly lower for rapid progressors than nonrapid progressors at months 12 (29.2 vs. 62.5%) and 36 (47.1 vs. 72.4%) but not at month 60 (70.4 vs. 71.8%). These differences disappeared after adjusting for baseline CD4 + T-cell count: odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.86 (0.61; 1.20), 0.90 (0.38; 2.17) and 1.56 (0.55; 4.46) at months 12, 36 and 60, respectively. Conclusion: Among people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, rapid progressors experience faster initial increases of CD4 + T-cell counts than nonrapid progressors, but are less likely to achieve optimal restoration during the first 36 months after cART, mainly because of lower CD4 + T-cell counts at cART initiation. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2015

21. Does rapid HIV disease progression prior to combination antiretroviral therapy hinder optimal CD4 + T-cell recovery once HIV-1 suppression is achieved?

Author

Jarrin, I., Pantazis, N., Dalmau, J., Phillips, A. N., Olson, A., Mussini, C., Boufassa, F., Costagliola, D., Porter, K., Blanco, J., Del Amo, J., Martinez-Picado, J., Chene, G., Sabin, C., Walker, S., Fisher, M., Kelleher, T., Cooper, D., Finlayson, R., Bloch, M., Ramacciotti, T., Gelgor, L., Smith, D., Zangerle, R., Gill, J., Lutsar, I., Dabis, F., Thiebaut, R., Guiguet, M., Vanhems, P., Chaix, M. -L., Ghosn, J., Meyer, L., Hamouda, O., Kucherer, C., Bartmeyer, B., Antoniadou, A., Chrysos, G., Daikos, G. L., Touloumi, G., Katsarou, O., Rezza, G., Dorrucci, M., Monforte, A. D., De Luca, A., Prins, M., Geskus, R., Van Der Helm, J., Schuitemaker, H., Sannes, M., Brubakk, O., Kran, A. -M. B., Rosinska, M., Muga, R., Tor, J., De Olalla, P. G., Cayla, J., Moreno, S., Monge, S., Del Romero, J., Perez-Hoyos, S., Sonnerborg, A., Bucher, H. C., Gunthard, H., Rickenbach, M., Malyuta, R., Murphy, G., Johnson, A., Babiker, A., Pillay, D., Morrison, C., Salata, R., Mugerwa, R., Chipato, T., Amornkul, P. N., Gilmour, J., Kamali, A., Karita, E., Burns, F., Giaquinto, C., Grarup, J., Kirk, O., Bailey, H., Anne, A. V., Panteleev, A., Thorne, C., Aboulker, J. -P., Albert, J., Asandi, S., De Wit, S., Reiss, P., Gatell, J., Karpov, I., Ledergerber, B., Lundgren, J., Moller, C., Rakhmanova, A., Rockstroh, J., Sandhu, M., Dedes, N., Fenton, K., Pizzuti, D., Vitoria, M., Faggion, S., Fradette, L., Frost, R., Cartier, A., Raben, D., Schwimmer, C., Scott, M., and Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. 7 Programa Marco

Subjects
Cart, Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, CD4 responses, HIV-viral suppression, rapid progression, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Young Adult, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Viral Load, Epidemiology and Social, Immunology, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Antiretroviral Therapy, medicine.disease_cause, 17 Psychology And Cognitive Sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Virology, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Highly Active, Young adult, Cd4 t cell, business.industry, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, 06 Biological Sciences, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, business, Viral load, Hiv disease
Abstract

Objective: This article compares trends in CD4þ T-cell recovery and proportions achieving optimal restoration ( 500 cells/ml) after viral suppression following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation between rapid and nonrapid progressors. Methods: We included HIV-1 seroconverters achieving viral suppression within 6 months of cART. Rapid progressors were individuals experiencing at least one CD4þ less than 200 cells/ml within 12 months of seroconverters before cART. We used piecewise linear mixed models and logistic regression for optimal restoration. Results: Of 4024 individuals, 294 (7.3%) were classified as rapid progressors. At the same CD4þ T-cell count at cART start (baseline), rapid progressors experienced faster CD4þ T-cell increases than nonrapid progressors in first month [difference (95% confidence interval) in mean increase/month (square root scale): 1.82 (1.61; 2.04)], which reversed to slightly slower increases in months 1–18 [0.05 (0.06; 0.03)] and no significant differences in 18–60 months [0.003 (0.01; 0.01)]. Percentage achieving optimal restoration was significantly lower for rapid progressors than nonrapid progressors at months 12 (29.2 vs. 62.5%) and 36 (47.1 vs. 72.4%) but not at month 60 (70.4 vs. 71.8%). These differences disappeared after adjusting for baseline CD4þ T-cell count: odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.86 (0.61; 1.20), 0.90 (0.38; 2.17) and 1.56 (0.55; 4.46) at months 12, 36 and 60, respectively. Conclusion: Among people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, rapid progressors experience faster initial increases of CD4þ T-cell counts than nonrapid progressors, but are less likely to achieve optimal restoration during the first 36 months after cART, mainly because of lower CD4þ T-cell counts at cART initiation. This work was supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under EuroCoord grant agreement n° 260694. Sí

Published
2015

22. Long-term mortality in HIV-positive individuals virally suppressed for >3 years with incomplete CD4 recovery

Author

Engsig, F. N., Zangerle, R., Katsarou, O., Dabis, F., Reiss, P., Gill, J., Porter, K., Sabin, C., Riordan, A., Fatkenheuer, G., Gutierrez, F., Raffi, F., Kirk, O., Mary-Krause, M., Stephan, C., de Olalla, P. G., Guest, J., Samji, H., Castagna, A., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Skaletz-Rorowski, A., Ramos, J., Lapadula, G., Mussini, C., Force, L., Meyer, L., Lampe, F., Boufassa, F., Bucher, H. C., De Wit, S., Burkholder, G. A., Teira, R., Justice, A. C., Sterling, T. R., M. Crane, H., Gerstoft, J., Grarup, J., May, M., Chene, G., Ingle, S. M., Sterne, J., Obel, N., Burkholder, G., Justice, A., R Sterling, T., Crane, H. M., Boulle, A., Brodt, H.-R., Casabona, J., Cavassini, M., Costagliola, D., D'Arminio Monforte, A., del Amo, J., Van Sighem, A., Hans-Ulrich Haerry, D., Hogg, R., Mocroft, A., Kitahata, M., Saag, M., Williams, M., Ingle, S., Touloumi, G., Warszawski, J., Krause, M. M., Ghosn, J., Leport, C., Wit, F., Prins, M., Gibb, D., Del Amo, J., Thorne, C., Perez-Hoyos, S., Hamouda, O., Gussenheimer-Bartmeyer, B., Noguera-Julian, A., Antinori, A., Brockmeyer, N., Battegay, M., Rauch, A., Tookey, P., Miro, J. M., de Wit, S., Goetghebuer, T., Torti, C., Garrido, M., Judd, A., Conejo, P. R., Haerry, D., Weller, I., d'Arminio-Monforte, A., Colin, C., Schwimmer, C., Termote, M., Kjaer, J., Campbell, M., Raben, D., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Bucher, H., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Dorrucci, M., Egger, M., Engsig, F., Furrer, H., Lambotte, O., Lewden, C., Lodi, S., Lodwick, R., Matheron, S., Miro, J., Monge, S., Nakagawa, F., Paredes, R., Phillips, A., Puoti, M., Reekie, J., Scherrer, A., Smit, C., Thiebaut, R., Wittkop, L., 2nd Blood Transfusion Center and Hemophilia Center, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Structures et propriétés d'architectures moléculaire (SPRAM - UMR 5819), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Micro et Nano Technologies (OMNT - UMS 2920), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southern Alberta Clinic, Research Department of Infection and Population Health [London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Equipe Perception et design sonores, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Interactions musicales temps-réel, Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institute of Biology, Neuchatel, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), School of Psychology, St Andrews, University of St Andrews [Scotland], Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, EA 4100, Histoire culturelle et sociale de l'art (HiCSA), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Princeton University, Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Population Sciences, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Laboratory, GD Deventer, Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol [Bristol], Department of Infectious Diseases, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Psychology and Neuroscience [University of St. Andrews], Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Royal GD [Deventer], Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital-Copenhagen University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Engsig, F. N., Zangerle, R., Katsarou, O., Dabis, F., Reiss, P., Gill, J., Porter, K., Sabin, C., Riordan, A., Fatkenheuer, G., Gutierrez, F., Raffi, F., Kirk, O., Mary-Krause, M., Stephan, C., De Olalla, P. G., Guest, J., Samji, H., Castagna, A., D'arminio Monforte, A., Skaletz-Rorowski, A., Ramos, J., Lapadula, G., Mussini, C., Force, L., Meyer, L., Lampe, F., Boufassa, F., Bucher, H. C., De Wit, S., Burkholder, G. A., Teira, R., Justice, A. C., Sterling, T. R., M. Crane, H., Gerstoft, J., Grarup, J., May, M., Chene, G., Ingle, S. M., Sterne, J., Obel, N., Engsig, F, Zangerle, R, Katsarou, O, Dabis, F, Reiss, P, Gill, J, Porter, K, Sabin, C, Riordan, A, Fatkenheuer, G, Gutierrez, F, Raffi, F, Kirk, O, Mary-Krause, M, Stephan, C, De Olalla, P, Guest, J, Samji, H, Castagna, A, D'arminio Monforte, A, Skaletz-Rorowski, A, Ramos, J, Lapadula, G, Mussini, C, Force, L, Meyer, L, Lampe, F, Boufassa, F, Bucher, H, De Wit, S, Burkholder, G, Teira, R, Justice, A, Sterling, T, M. Crane, H, Gerstoft, J, Grarup, J, May, M, Chene, G, Ingle, S, Sterne, J, Obel, N, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, and Infectious diseases

Subjects
Male, Oncology, MESH: CD4 Lymphocyte Count, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HIV Infections, MESH: Logistic Models, Cohort Studies, MESH: Cause of Death, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Medicine, HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Anti-HIV Agents, MESH: Cohort Studies, Immunodeficiency, Cause of death, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, Hazard ratio, MESH: HIV Infections, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Substance-Related Disorders, HIV/AIDS, Female, MESH: Viral Load, Viral load, MESH: Heterosexuality, Human, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Cart, medicine.medical_specialty, Logistic Model, Anti-HIV Agents, Substance-Related Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Internal medicine, Humans, sustained viral suppression, Heterosexuality, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Risk Factor, Anti-HIV Agent, HIV, MESH: Adult, Substance-Related Disorder, medicine.disease, mortality, CD4 cell recovery, Confidence interval, MESH: Male, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Logistic Models, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Cohort Studie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

Background. Some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with low CD4 counts achieve viral suppression but not CD4 cell recovery. We aimed to identify (1) risk factors for failure to achieve CD4 count >200 cells/μL after 3 years of sustained viral suppression and (2) the association of the achieved CD4 count with subsequent mortality.Methods. We included treated HIV-infected adults from 2 large international HIV cohorts, who had viral suppression (≤500 HIV type 1 RNA copies/mL) for >3 years with CD4 count ≤200 cells/μL at start of the suppressed period. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for incomplete CD4 recovery (≤200 cells/μL) and Cox regression to identify associations with mortality.Results. Of 5550 eligible individuals, 835 (15%) did not reach a CD4 count >200 cells/μL after 3 years of suppression. Increasing age, lower initial CD4 count, male heterosexual and injection drug use transmission, cART initiation after 1998, and longer time from initiation of cART to start of the virally suppressed period were risk factors for not achieving a CD4 count >200 cells/μL. Individuals with CD4 ≤200 cells/μL after 3 years of viral suppression had substantially increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.86-3.61) compared with those who achieved CD4 count >200 cells/μL. The increased mortality was seen across different patient groups and for all causes of death.Conclusions. Virally suppressed HIV-positive individuals on cART who do not achieve a CD4 count >200 cells/μL have substantially increased long-term mortality. © The Author 2014.

Published
2014

23. Impact of HIV-1 subtype on CD4 count at HIV seroconversion, rate of decline, and viral load set point in European seroconverter cohorts

Author

Touloumi, G., Pantazis, N., Pillay, D., Paraskevis, D., Chaix, M.-L., Bucher, H. C., Kucherer, C., Zangerle, R., Kran, A.-M. B., Porter, K., Kelleher, A. D., Cooper, D. A., Grey, P., Finlayson, R., Bloch, M., Kelleher, T., Ramacciotti, T., Gelgor, L., Cooper, D., Smith, D., Gill, J., Jorgensen, L. B., Lutsar, I., Chene, G., Dabis, F., Thiebaut, R., Masquelier, B., Costagliola, D., Guiguet, M., Vanhems, P., Ghosn, J., Goujard, C., Meyer, L., Boufassa, F., Hamouda, O., Bartmeyer, B., Katsarou, O., Paparizos, V., Gargalianos-Kakolyris, P., Lazanas, M., Rezza, G., Dorrucci, M., Monforte, A. d., De Luca, A., Prins, M., Geskus, R., van der Helm, J., Schuitemaker, H., Sannes, M., Brubakk, O., Bakken Kran, A.-M., Rosinska, M., Muga, R., Tor, J., Garcia de Olalla, P., Cayla, J., del Amo, J., Moreno, S., Monge, S., Del Amo, J., del Romero, J., Perez-Hoyos, S., Rickenbach, M., Francioli, P., Malyuta, R., Brettle, R., Murphy, G., Sabin, C., Johnson, A., Phillips, A., Babiker, A., and Delpech, V.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, Genotype, Anti-HIV Agents, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Drug resistance, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV Seropositivity, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Seroconversion, 030304 developmental biology, HIV-1 subtype, 0303 health sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular epidemiology, business.industry, Middle Aged, Viral Load, medicine.disease, CD4 decline, Set point, 3. Good health, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, natural history, Immunology, HIV-1, Female, business, set point, Viral load
Abstract

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype may influence disease progression. We compared CD4 lymphocyte cell count levels at seroconversion, decline rates and viral load set point in individuals infected with different HIV-1 subtypes. Methods. We used data from the Concerted Action on SeroConversion to AIDS and Death in Europe (CASCADE) collaboration, restricted to those infected since 1996, aged >= 15 years, and applied mixed effects models for CD4 cell count decline and median regression for viral load set point (mean level 6-24 months from seroconversion). Results. The analysis included 3364 seroconverters with known HIV-1 subtypes. Compared with subtype B, CD4 at seroconversion was significantly higher for subtype CRF01 and lower for subtype C. Subsequent CD4 decline was significantly slower for subtypes A and CRF02 and marginally slower for subtype C compared with B. Mean CD4 loss at 2 years of seroconversion for white men exposed through sex between men, aged 30-39 years, having seroconverted since 2006, enrolled within 6 months of seroconversion, and without acute infection was 88, 142, 100, 130, 103, and 167 cells/mu L for subtypes A, B, C, CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and G, respectively. In adjusted analysis, median viral load set point and time to clinical AIDS/death did not differ significantly by subtype, although all subtypes, except C, tended to have lower levels compared with B. Conclusions. HIV-1 subtype significantly influences seroconversion CD4 cell levels and decline rates but not viral load set point. These findings may be helpful to HIV-positive individuals and their attending physicians in understanding disease progression.

Published
2013

25. The incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses at a current CD4 count ≥200 cells/μL in the post-combination antiretroviral therapy era

Author

Mocroft, A., Furrer, H. J., Miro, J. M., Reiss, P., Mussini, C., Kirk, O., Abgrall, S., Ayayi, S., Bartmeyer, B., Braun, D., Castagna, A., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Gazzard, B., Gutierrez, F., Hurtado, I., Jansen, K., Meyer, L., Munoz, P., Obel, N., Soler Palacin, P., Papadopoulos, A., Raffi, F., Ramos, J. T., Rockstroh, J. K., Salmon, D., Torti, Carlo, Warszawski, J., de Wit, S., Zangerle, R., Fabre Colin, C., Kjaer, J., Chene, G., Grarup, J., Lundgren, J. D., Furrer, H., Rockstroh, J., Lundgren, J., Miiro, J., Palacin, P. S., Torti, C., Ramos, J., Judd, A., Haerry, D., Weller, I., Casabona, J., Costagliola, D., Battegay, M., Prins, M., de Wolf, F., Colin, C., Schwimmer, C., Touzeau, G., Campbell, M., Bohlius, J., Bouteloup, V., Bucher, H., Cozzi Lepri, A., Dabis, F., Dorrucci, M., Egger, M., Engsig, F., Lambotte, O., Lewden, C., Lodwick, R., Matheron, S., Miro, J., Paredes, R., Phillips, A., Puoti, M., Reekie, J., Sabin, C., Scherrer, A., Smit, C., Sterne, J., Thiebaut, R., Thorne, C., von Wyl, V., Wittkop, L., Young, J., Mocroft, A., Furrer, H. J., Miro, J. M., Reiss, P., Mussini, C., Kirk, O., Abgrall, S., Ayayi, S., Bartmeyer, B., Braun, D., Castagna, A., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Gazzard, B., Gutierrez, F., Hurtado, I., Jansen, K., Meyer, L., Munoz, P., Obel, N., Soler-Palacin, P., Papadopoulos, A., Raffi, F., Ramos, J. T., Rockstroh, J. K., Salmon, D., Torti, C., Warszawski, J., De Wit, S., Zangerle, R., Fabre-Colin, C., Kjaer, J., Chene, G., Grarup, J., Lundgren, J. D., AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, University of Zurich, and Mocroft, A

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Virologic suppression, AIDS defining illnesses, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 610 Medicine & health, HIV Infections, Rate ratio, medicine.disease_cause, 2726 Microbiology (medical), 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 360 Social problems & social services, Internal medicine, medicine, CART, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Poisson regression, Poisson Distribution, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, CD4, cART, immune reconstitution, virologic suppression, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Female, 2725 Infectious Diseases, Immune reconstitution, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, symbols, business, Viral load
Abstract

Background. Few studies consider the incidence of individual AIDS-defining illnesses (ADIs) at higher CD4 counts, relevant on a population level for monitoring and resource allocation. Methods. Individuals from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) aged ≥14 years with ≥1 CD4 count of ≥200 μL between 1998 and 2010 were included. Incidence rates (per 1000 personyears of follow-up [PYFU]) were calculated for each ADI within different CD4 strata; Poisson regression, using generalized estimating equations and robust standard errors, was used to model rates of ADIs with current CD4 ≥500/μL. Results. A total of 12 135 ADIs occurred at a CD4 count of ≥200 cells/μL among 207 539 persons with 1 154 803 PYFU. Incidence rates declined from 20.5 per 1000 PYFU (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.0-21.1 per 1000 PYFU) with current CD4 200-349 cells/μL to 4.1 per 1000 PYFU (95% CI, 3.6-4.6 per 1000 PYFU) with current CD4 ≥ 1000 cells/μL. Persons with a current CD4 of 500-749 cells/μL had a significantly higher rate of ADIs (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.32), whereas those with a current CD4 of ≥1000 cells/μL had a similar rate (aIRR, 0.92; 95% CI, .79-1.07), compared to a current CD4 of 750-999 cells/μL. Results were consistent in persons with high or low viral load. Findings were stronger for malignant ADIs (aIRR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.25-1.86) than for nonmalignant ADIs (aIRR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25), comparing persons with a current CD4 of 500-749 cells/μL to 750-999 cells/μL. Discussion. The incidence of ADIs was higher in individuals with a current CD4 count of 500-749 cells/μL compared to those with a CD4 count of 750-999 cells/μL, but did not decrease further at higher CD4 counts. Results were similar in patients virologically suppressed on combination antiretroviral therapy, suggesting that immune reconstitution is not complete until the CD4 increases to >750 cells/μL. © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

26. CD4 cell count and the risk of AIDS or death in HIV-Infected adults oncombination antiretroviral therapy with a suppressed viral load: a longitudinalcohort study from COHERE

Author

Collaborators: Young J, Opportunistic Infections Project Team of the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe in E. u. r. o. C. o. o. r. d., Psichogiou, M, Meyer, L, Ayayi, S, Grabar, S, Raffi, F, Reiss, P, Gazzard, B, Sharland, M, Gutierrez, F, Obel, N, Kirk, O, Miro, Jm, Furrer, H, Castagna, A, De Wit, S, Muñoz, J, Kjær, J, Colin, C, Grarup, J, Chêne, G, Bucher, H, Miro, J, Zangerle, R, Antoniadou, A, Ghosn, J, Morlat, P, Le Moing, V, Fisher, M, Mocroft, A, Stephan, C, Girardi, E, Torti, Carlo, Mussini, C, Galli, L, Ledergerber, B, Teira, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, Mm, Leport, C, de Wolf, F, Prins, M, Bücher, H, Sabin, C, Gibb, D, Fätkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Pérez Hoyos, S, Noguera Julian, A, Antinori, A, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Ramos, J, Battegay, M, Rauch, A, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, de Wit, S, Goetghebuer, T, Torti, C, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Weller, I, Costagliola, D, Schwimmer, C, Touzeau, G, Paulsen, M, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi Lepri, A, Dorrucci, M, Egger, M, Engsig, F, Lambotte, O, Lewden, C, Lodwick, R, Matheron, S, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Reekie, J, Scherrer, A, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, von Wyl, V, Wittkop, L, and Young, J.

Published
2012

27. Calendar time trends in the incidence and prevalence of triple-class virologic failure in antiretroviral drug-experienced people with HIV in Europe

Author

Pursuing Later Treatment Options II project team, Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Group, Nakagawa, F, Lodwick, R, Costagliola, D, van Sighem, A, Torti, Carlo, Podzamczer, D, Mocroft, A, Ledergerber, B, Dorrucci, M, Cozzi Lepri, A, Jansen, K, Masquelier, B, García, F, De Wit, S, Stephan, C, Obel, N, Fätkenhaeuer, G, Castagna, A, Sambatakou, H, Mussini, C, Ghosn, J, Zangerle, R, Duval, X, Meyer, L, Perez Hoyos, S, Fabre Colin, C, Kjaer, J, Chene, G, Grarup, J, Collaborators: Castagna A, Phillips A., De Luca, A, de Wolf, F, Fätkenheuer, G, Günthard, H, Jørgensen, L, Judd, A, Lo Caputo, S, Noguera Julian, A, Paraskevis, D, Paredes, R, Pérez Hoyos, S, Phillips, A, Pillay, D, Ramos, Jt, Tookey, Pa, Torti, C, Touloumi, G, Warsawski, J, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, Mm, Leport, C, Reiss, P, Prins, M, Bücher, H, Sabin, C, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Monforte, Ad, Brockmeyer, N, Ramos, J, Battegay, M, Rauch, A, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miró, Jm, de Wit, S, Goetghebuer, T, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Weller, I, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Colin, C, Schwimmer, C, Touzeau, G, Paulsen, M, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Bucher, H, Egger, M, Engsig, F, Furrer, H, Lambotte, O, Lewden, C, Matheron, S, Miro, J, Puoti, M, Reekie, J, Scherrer, A, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, von Wyl, V, Wittkop, L, and Youn, J.

Published
2012

28. Risk of triple-class virological failure in children with HIV: a retrospective cohort study

Author

Pursuing Later Treatment Options II project team for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe, Castro, H, Judd, A, Gibb, Dm, Butler, K, Lodwick, Rk, van Sighem, A, Ramos, Jt, Warsawski, J, Thorne, C, Noguera Julian, A, Obel, N, Costagliola, D, Tookey, Pa, Colin, C, Kjaer, J, Grarup, J, Chene, G, Collaborators: Antinori A, Phillips A., Castagna, A, Cozzi Lepri, A, De Luca, A, De Wit, S, Dorrucci, M, Duval, X, García, F, Ghosn, J, Günthard, H, Ledergerber, B, Lo Caputo, S, Lodwick, R, Masquelier, B, Meyer, L, Mocroft, A, Mussini, C, Paraskevis, D, Paredes, R, Pérez Hoyos, S, Phillips, A, Pillay, D, Podzamczer, D, Reiss, P, Stephan, C, Teira, R, Torti, Carlo, Touloumi, G, Zangerle, R, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, Mm, Leport, C, de Wolf, F, Prins, M, Bücher, Hc, Sabin, C, Gibb, D, Fätkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Monforte, Ad, Tovo, Pa, de Martino, M, Brockmeyer, Nh, Battegay, M, Francioli, P, Carnicer Pont, D, Casabona, J, Miró, Jm, de Wit, S, Goetghebuer, T, Torti, C, Garrido, M, Dedes, N, Weller, I, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Collin Filleul, F, Schwimmer, C, Ellefson, M, Paulsen, M, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Bucher, Hc, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Lambotte, O, Lewden, C, Matheron, S, Miro, J, Puoti, M, Reekie, J, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, and Wittkop, L.

Published
2011

29. Is it safe to discontinue primary Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis in patients with virologically suppressed HIV infection and a CD4 cell count <200 cells/microL?

Author

Opportunistic Infections Project Team of the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, Kirk, O, Mussini, C, Girardi, E, Morlat, P, Stephan, C, De Wit, S, Doerholt, K, Ghosn, J, Bucher, Hc, Lundgren, Jd, Chene, G, Miro, Jm, Collaborators: Weller I, Furrer H., Costagliola, D, Ledergerber, B, Lundgren, J, Grarup, J, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Dabis, F, Krause, Mm, Leport, C, de Wolf, F, Porter, K, Dorrucci, M, Sabin, C, Gibb, D, Fätkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Pérez Hoyos, S, Antinori, A, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Tovo, Pa, de Martino, M, Brockmeyer, Nh, Ramos, J, Battegay, M, Carnicer, D, Tookey, P, Casbona, J, Miró, Jm, Castagna, A, de Wit, S, Torti, Carlo, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Bucher, H, Egger, M, Furer, H, Lewden, C, Newell, Ml, Phillips, A, Stearne, J, Telenti, A, Collin Filleul, F, Ellefson, M, Fabre Colin, C, Kjaer, J, Schwimmer, C, Paulsen, M, and Dedes, N.

Published
2010

30. Incidence and risk factors of HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: a European multicohort study

Author

Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study Group, Bohlius, J, Schmidlin, K, Costagliola, D, Fätkenheuer, G, May, M, Caro Murillo AM, Mocroft, A, Bonnet, F, Clifford, G, Karafoulidou, A, Miro, Jm, Lundgren, J, Chene, G, Collaborators: Antinori A, Egger M., Boué, F, Brockmeyer, N, Casabona, J, Dronda, F, Obel, N, Fisher, M, Franceschi, S, Gibb, D, Le Moing, V, Nadal, D, Touloumi, G, Prins, M, Raffi, F, Roca, B, Verbon, A, Wolf, T, Fortuny, C, Chakraborty, R, Egger, M, Minder, C, Sterne, J, Zwahlen, M, Ellefson, M, Kjaer, J, Collin, F, Colin, C, Weller, I, Ledergerber, B, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Dabis, F, Krause, Mm, Goujard, C, Leport, C, de Wolf, F, Reiss, P, Porter, K, Dorrucci, M, Sabin, C, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Kirk, O, Staszewski, S, Perez Hoyos, S, Almeda, J, Antinori, A, Monforte, A, de Martino, M, Ramos, J, Battegay, M, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Castagna, A, de Wit, S, Torti, Carlo, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Dedes, N, Phillips, A, Furrer, H, Newell, M, Telenti, A, Pantazis, N, Lechenadec, J, Jérôme, F, Tran, L, Balestre, E, Lanoy, E, Couturier, F, Rispens, T, Gras, La, Bhaskaran, K, Hill, T, Judd, A, Duong, T, Sobrino, P, Jennings, B, Pérez Hoyos, S, Bonfigli, S, Cozzi Lepri, A, Corvasce, S, Adorni, F, Ridolfo, Al, Paraninfo, G, Ramos, Jt, Keiser, O, Borghi, V, Masters, J, Ortiga, B, Salpietro, S, Rickenbach, M, Poll, B, and Garrido, M.

Published
2009

31. Response to combination antiretroviral therapy: Variation by age

Author

Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study Group, Sabin, Ca, Smith, Cj, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Battegay, M, Gabiano, C, Galli, L, Geelen, S, Gibb, D, Guiguet, M, Judd, A, Leport, C, Dabis, F, Pantazis, N, Porter, K, Raffi, F, Thorne, C, Torti, C, Walker, S, Warszawski, J, Wintergerst, U, Chene, G, Lundgren, J., Collaborators: Weller, I, Costagliola, D, Ledergerber, B, Lundgren, J, Touloumi, G, Meyer, L, Krause, Mm, Goujard, C, de Wolf, F, Reiss, P, Dorrucci, M, Sabin, C, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Staszewski, S, Perez Hoyos, S, Almeda, J, Antinori, A, Monforte, Ad, Tovo, Pier Angelo, Salzberger, B, Fatkenheuer, G, Ramos, J, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, Jm, Castagna, A, de Wit, S, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Dedes, N, Phillips, A, Furrer, H, Egger, M, Newell, Ml, Sterne, J, Telentie, A., Sabin Caroline, A., Smith Colette, J., Monforte A., D'Arminio, Battegay, Manuel, Gabiano, Clara, Galli, Luisa, Geelen, Sibyl, Gibb, Diana, Guiguet, Marguerite, Judd, Ali, Leport, Catherine, Dabis, Francoi, Pantazis, Niko, Porter, Kholoud, Raffi, Francoi, Thorne, Claire, Torti, Carlo, Walker, Sarah, Warszawski, Josiane, Wintergerst, Uwe, Chene, Genevieve, Lundgren, Jen, Weller, Ian, Costagliola, Dominique, Ledergerber, Bruno, Touloumi, Giota, Meyer, Laurence, Krause Murielle, Mary, Goujard, Cecile, de Wolf, Frank, Reiss, Peter, Dorrucci, Maria, Sabin, Caroline, Del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niel, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Staszewski, Schlomo, Perez Hoyos, Santiago, Almeda, Jesu, Antinori, Andrea, Tovo Pier, Angelo, Salzberger, Bernd, Fatkenheuer, Gerd, Ramos, Jose, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miro Jose, M., Castagna, Antonella, de Wit, Stephane, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Dedes, Niko, Phillips, Andrew, Furrer, Hansjakob, Egger, Matthia, Newell Marie, Louise, Sterne, Jonathan, Telenti, Amalio, Other departments, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, and Infectious diseases

Subjects
Pediatrics, clinical outcome, HIV Infections, Virological response, Cohort Studies, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunology and Allergy, Immunological response, Age Factor, HIV Infection, Child, Aged, 80 and over, immunological response, Clinical outcome, Medicine (all), Hazard ratio, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Child, Preschool, combination antiretroviral therapy, RNA, Viral, Survival Analysi, Viral load, Cohort study, Human, Combination antiretroviral therapy, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Immunology, virological response, Infectious Disease, Age, Age Distribution, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), medicine, Humans, Survival analysis, Aged, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Anti-HIV Agent, Infant, medicine.disease, HIV infection, Antiretroviral therapy, Survival Analysis, Confidence interval, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, age, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Objective: To provide information on responses to combination antiretroviral therapy in children, adolescents and older HIV-infected persons. Design and setting: Multicohort collaboration of 33 European cohorts. Subjects: Forty-nine thousand nine hundred and twenty-one anti retroviral-naive individuals starting combination antiretroviral therapy from 1998 to 2006. Outcome measures: Time from combination antiretroviral therapy initiation to HIV RNA less than 50copies/ml (virological response), CD4 increase of more than 100cells/mu l (immunological response) and new AIDS/death were analysed using survival methods. Ten age strata were chosen: less than 2, 2-5, 6-12, 13-17, 18-29, 30-39 (reference group), 40-49, 50-54, 55-59 and 60 years or older; those aged 6 years or more were included in multivariable analyses. Results: The four youngest age groups had 223, 184, 219 and 201 individuals and the three oldest age groups had 2693, 1656 and 1613 individuals. Precombination antiretroviral therapy CD4 cell counts were highest in young children and declined with age. By 12 months, 53.7% (95% confidence interval: 53.2-54.1%) and 59.2% (58.7-59.6%) had experienced a virological and immunological response. The probability of virological response was lower in those aged 6-12 (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.87) and 13-17 (0.78) years, but was higher in those aged 50-54 (1.24), 55-59 (1.24) and at least 60 (1.18) years. The probability of immunological response was higher in children and younger adults and reduced in those 60 years or older. Those aged 55-59 and 60 years or older had poorer clinical outcomes after adjusting for the latest CD4 cell count. Conclusion: Better virological responses but poorer immunological responses in older individuals, together with low precombination antiretroviral therapy CD4 cell counts, may place this group at increased clinical risk. The poorer virological responses in children may increase the likelihood of emergence of resistance. (C) 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Objective: To provide information on responses to combination antiretroviral therapy in children, adolescents and older HIV-infected persons. Design and Setting: Multicohort collaboration of 33 European cohorts. Subjects: Forty-nine thousand nine hundred and twenty-one antiretroviral-naive individuals starting combination antiretroviral therapy from 1998 to 2006. Outcome Measures: Time from combination antiretroviral therapy initiation to HIV RNA less than 50 copies/ml (virological response), CD4 increase of more than 100 cells/μl (immunological response) and new AIDS/death were analysed using survival methods. Ten age strata were chosen: less than 2, 2-5, 6-12, 13-17, 18-29, 30-39 (reference group), 40-49, 50-54, 55-59 and 60 years or older; those aged 6 years or more were included in multivariable analyses. Results: The four youngest age groups had 223, 184, 219 and 201 individuals and the three oldest age groups had 2693, 1656 and 1613 individuals. Precombination antiretroviral therapy CD4 cell counts were highest in young children and declined with age. By 12 months, 53.7% (95% confidence interval: 53.2-54.1%) and 59.2% (58.7-59.6%) had experienced a virological and immunological response. The probability of virological response was lower in those aged 6-12 (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.87) and 13-17 (0.78) years, but was higher in those aged 50-54 (1.24), 55-59 (1.24) and at least 60 (1.18) years. The probability of immunological response was higher in children and younger adults and reduced in those 60 years or older. Those aged 55-59 and 60 years or older had poorer clinical outcomes after adjusting for the latest CD4 cell count. Conclusion: Better virological responses but poorer immunological responses in older individuals, together with low precombination antiretroviral therapy CD4 cell counts, may place this group at increased clinical risk. The poorer virological responses in children may increase the likelihood of emergence of resistance. © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Published
2008

34. Markers of response to zidovudine monotherapy among treated HIV seroconverters

Author

Rezza, G, Galay, N, Pezzotti, P, Vlahov, D, Graham, N, Viale, P. L., Angarano, G., Dorrucci, M., Alliegro, M. B., Cozzi Lepri, A., Sinicco, A., Lazzarin, A., Tarantini, G., Zrboni, R., Rosso, Rm, Aqiuti, F, Salassa, B, Pristerà, R, Gafà, S, Colangeli, V, Canessa, A, Barbanera, M, Alberici, F, Castelli, Francesco, Zaccarelli, M, Ortona, L, and Tirelli, U.

Published
1997

35. Category of exposure to HIV and age in the progression to AIDS: longitudinal study of 1199 people with known dates of seroconversion. HIV Italian Seroconversion Study Group

Author

Pezzotti, P., Phillips, A. N., Dorrucci, M., Lepri, A. C., Galai, N., Vlahov, D., and Rezza, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Adolescent, Incidence, Age Factors, HIV Infections, Middle Aged, Cohort Studies, Italy, Risk Factors, HIV Seropositivity, Disease Progression, Humans, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Homosexuality, Male, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Research Article, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether rate of development of AIDS is affected by category of exposure to HIV and whether the more rapid development found in older subjects persists for each exposure category. DESIGN: Longitudinal study of people with known date of seroconversion to HIV. SETTING: 16 HIV treatment centres throughout Italy. SUBJECTS: 1199 people infected with HIV through use of injected drugs, homosexual sex, or heterosexual sex. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: AIDS as defined by 1987 definition of Centers for Disease Control (including and excluding neoplasms) and by 1993 European definition. RESULTS: 225 subjects (18.8%) progressed to AIDS (Centers for Disease Control 1987 definition) during median follow up of 5.8 years. Univariate analyses showed more rapid progression to AIDS for older subjects compared with younger subjects and for homosexual men compared with other exposure categories. The age effect was of similar size in each exposure category and in men and women. In a bivariate model with age and exposure categories simultaneously included as covariates, differences by exposure category disappeared for use of injected drugs and heterosexual sex compared with homosexual sex (relative hazards 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.71 to 1.45) and 1.07 (0.70 to 1.64) respectively), while the age effect remained (relative hazard 1.55 (1.32 to 1.83) for 10 year increase in age). Analyses using the other definitions for AIDS did not appreciably change these results. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence of differences in rate of development of AIDS by exposure category, while there was a strong tendency for more rapid development in older subjects for all three groups. This supports the view that external cofactors do not play major role in AIDS pathogenesis but that age is of fundamental importance.

Published
1996

38. Coinfection of hepatitis C virus with human immunodeficiency virus and progression to AIDS. Italian Seroconversion Study.

Author

Dorrucci M, Pezzotti P, Phillips AN, Lepri AC, Rezza G, Dorrucci, M, Pezzotti, P, Phillips, A N, Lepri, A C, and Rezza, G

Abstract

To assess the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) on the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a longitudinal study was conducted among 416 HIV-positive, AIDS-free persons infected through injecting drug use or homosexual or heterosexual activity and with known seroconversion dates. End points were diagnosis of AIDS and a CD4 cell count of < 100 x 10(6) cells/L. HCV antibodies were detected in 214 persons (51.4%). The crude relative hazard (RH) of progression to AIDS was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-1.76) for HCV-coinfected participants compared with those not coinfected. After adjustment for CD4 cell count, the RH was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.52-1.79). Similar RHs were found using a CD4 cell count of < 100 x 10(6) cells/L as the end point. The median CD4 cell loss was 4.83 x 10(6) cells/L per month among coinfected persons and 5.70 x 10(6) cells/L per month among the others. These results suggest that coinfection with HCV does not influence clinical and immunologic progression of HIV disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
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39. Temporal trends in postseroconversion CD4 cell count and HIV load: the Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe Collaboration, 1985-2002.

Author

Dorrucci M, Rezza G, Porter K, Phillips A, Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe Collaboration, Dorrucci, Maria, Rezza, Giovanni, Porter, Kholoud, and Phillips, Andrew

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether early postseroconversion CD4 cell counts and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) loads have changed over time.Methods: Our analysis was based on 22 cohorts of people with known dates of seroconversion from Europe, Australia, and Canada (Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe Collaboration). We focused on individuals seroconverting between 1985 and 2002 who had the first CD4 cell count (n=3687) or HIV load (n=1584) measured within 2 years of seroconversion and before antiretroviral use. Linear regression models were used to assess time trends in postseroconversion CD4 cell count and HIV load. Trends in time to key thresholds were also assessed, using survival analysis.Results: The overall median initial CD4 cell count was 570 cells/ microL (interquartile range [IQR], 413-780 cells/ microL). The median initial HIV load was 35,542 copies/mL (IQR, 7600-153,050 copies/mL; on log(10) scale, 3.9-5.2 log(10) copies/mL). The postseroconversion CD4 cell count changed by an average of -6.33 cells/ microL/year (95% confidence interval [CI], -8.47 to -4.20 cells/ microL/year; P<.001), whereas an increase was observed in log(10) HIV load (+0.044 log(10) copies/mL/year; 95% CI, +0.034 to +0.053 log(10) copies/mL/year). These trends remained after adjusting for potential confounders. The probability of progressing to a CD4 cell count of <500 cells/ microL by 24 months from seroconversion increased from 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63-0.69) for individuals who seroconverted before 1991 to 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75-0.84) for those who seroconverted during 1999-2002.Conclusion: These data suggest that, in Europe, there has been a trend of decrease in the early CD4 cell count and of increase in the early HIV load. Additional research will be necessary to determine whether similar trends exist in other geographical areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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41. Human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma and other acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related diseases.

Author

Rezza, Giovanni, Andreoni, Massimo, Rezza, G, Andreoni, M, Dorrucci, M, Pezzotti, P, Monini, P, Zerboni, R, Salassa, B, Colangeli, V, Sarmati, L, Nicastri, E, Barbanera, M, Pristerà, R, Aiuti, F, Ortona, L, and Ensoli, B

Subjects
HERPESVIRUS diseases, KAPOSI'S sarcoma, HIV
Abstract

Background: The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is increased severalfold in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV). Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has also been implicated in KS. We investigated several factors that may determine the onset of KS, particularly HHV8 infection in individuals after becoming seropositive for HIV.Methods: We studied 366 individuals belonging to different HIV-exposure categories (i.e., homosexual activity, intravenous drug use, and heterosexual contact) for whom a negative HIV serologic test and then a positive HIV serologic test were available within a 2-year period. HHV8 antibody testing was performed by use of an immunofluorescence assay on the first serum sample available after the first positive HIV test. Actuarial rates of progression of KS and of other acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining diseases were estimated by use of time-to-event statistical methods. All statistical tests were two-sided.Results: Twenty-one of the 366 study participants developed AIDS-related KS, and 83 developed AIDS without KS. One hundred forty (38.3%) participants had detectable anti-HHV8 antibodies. The actuarial progression rate to KS among persons co-infected with HIV/HHV8 was nearly 30% by 10 years after HIV seroconversion. Increasing HHV8 antibody titers increased the risk of developing KS (for seronegative versus highest titer [1:125 serum dilution], adjusted relative hazard [RH] = 51.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.08-441.33) but not of other AIDS-defining diseases (adjusted RH = 1.14; 95% CI = 0.72-1.80). HHV8-seropositive homosexual men compared with HHV8-seropositive participants from other HIV-exposure categories showed an increased risk of KS that approached statistical significance (adjusted RH = 6.93; 95% CI = 0.88-54.84).Conclusions: Approximately one third of individuals co-infected with HIV/HHV8 developed KS within 10 years after HIV seroconversion. Progression to KS increased with time after HIV seroconversion. Higher antibody titers to HHV8 appear to be related to faster progression to KS but not to other AIDS-defining diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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44. Predictors of CD4 cell counts of HIV-1 - infected persons after virologic failure to all three original antiretroviral drug classes

Author

Ledergerber, B, Costagliola, D, Lodwick, R, Torti, Carlo, Sighem, Av, Podzamczer, D, Mocroft, A, Dorrucci, M, Masquelier, B, Günthard, Hf, de Luca, A, Michalik, C, De Wit, S, Obel, N, Fätkenheuer, G, Chrysos, G, Mussini, C, Castagna, A, Stephan, C, García, F, Zangerle, R, Duval, X, Perez Hoyos, S, Meyer, L, Ghosn, J, Fabre Colin, C, Kjaer, J, Grarup, J, Chêne, G, and The Pursuing Later Treatment Option II project team for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Group, Phillips A.

45. Peripheral neuropathies among patients with HIV infection.

Author

ALLIEGRO, MARIA BARBARA, PETRUCCI, ANDREA, ARPINO, CARLA, DORRUCCI, MARIA, PEZZOTTI, PATRIZIO, REZZA, GIOVANNI, BUCCOLIERO, GIOVANNI, TARANTINI, GLORIA, SINICCO, ALESSANDRO, CANESSA, ANDREA, Alliegro, M B, Petrucci, A, Arpino, C, Dorrucci, M, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Buccoliero, G, Tarantini, G, Sinicco, A, and Canessa, A

Published
1998
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46. Immunological and virological response to antiretroviral treatment in migrant and native men and women in Western Europe; is benefit equal for all?

Author

Monge, S., Mocroft, A., Sabin, A., Touloumi, G., Sighem, A., Abgrall, S., Dray-Spira, R., Spire, B., Castagna, A., Mussini, C., Zangerle, R., Hessamfar, M., Anderson, J., Hamouda, O., Ehren, K., Obel, N., Kirk, O., Antinori, A., Girardi, E., Saracino, A., Calmy, A., Wit, S., Wittkop, L., Bucher, C., Montoliu, A., Raben, D., Prins, M., Meyer, L., Chene, G., Burns, F., Amo, J., Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Josem, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Wit, Stéphane, Miró, M., Costagliola, Dominique, d'Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Miró, Jose, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Valk, Marc, Migrant Health Working Group for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE) in, Eurocoord, Castagna, Antonella, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, Monge, S, Mocroft, A, Sabin, A, Touloumi, G, Sighem, A, Abgrall, S, Dray-Spira, R, Spire, B, Castagna, A, Mussini, C, Zangerle, R, Hessamfar, M, Anderson, J, Hamouda, O, Ehren, K, Obel, N, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Girardi, E, Saracino, A, Calmy, A, Wit, S, Wittkop, L, Bucher, C, Montoliu, A, Raben, D, Prins, M, Meyer, L, Chene, G, Burns, F, Amo, J, Judd, A, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Thorne, C, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Miro, M, Costagliola, D, d'Arminio-Monforte, A, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, and Valk, M

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Latin Americans, HIV Infections, migrants, Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Epidemiology, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Immunovirological response, Young adult, ddc:616, Transients and Migrants, Health Policy, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, Europe, combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV, immunovirological response, sex, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Retroviral Agents, RNA, Viral, Female, Sex, Viral load, Cohort study, Adult, Cart, Combination antiretroviral therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Population Groups, medicine, Humans, RNA, Viral/blood, Aged, business.industry, Migrant, 030112 virology, Confidence interval, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, migrant, Institutional repository, Immunology, business, Demography
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in immunovirological response to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in migrant and native men and women within a European collaboration of HIV cohorts Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europ (COHERE) in EuroCoord, 2004-2013. Methods: Migrants were defined as those with geographical origin (GO) different from the reporting country and were grouped as originating from Western Europe and Western Countries (WEWC), Eastern Europe (EE), North Africa and the Middle East (NAME), sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Latin America (LA), Caribbean (CRB) and Asia/Oceania (ASIA/OCE). Native (NAT) individuals were defined as those originating from the reporting country. CD4 cell counts were modelled using piecewise linear mixed-effects models with two slopes, whereas models to estimate subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs) were used for time to virological response (VR) (i.e. time from cART initiation to the first of two successive HIV RNA measurements < 400 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml). Results: Of 32 817 individuals, 25 799 (78.6%) were men. The percentage of migrants was higher in women (48.9%) than in men (21.2%) and migrants from SSA accounted for the largest migrant group (29.9% in men and 63.3% in women). Migrant men and women from SSA started at lower CD4 cell counts than NAT individuals, which remained lower over time. VR was ≥ 85% at 12 months for all groups except CRB women (77.7%). Compared with NAT men and women, lower VR was experienced by NAME [sHR 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86-0.97] and SSA (sHR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.95) men and CRB (sHR 0.77; 85% CI 0.67-0.89) women, respectively. Conclusions: Immunovirological response to cART in Western Europe varies by GO and sex of patients. ART benefits are not equal for all, underlining the point that efforts need to prioritize those most in need.

Published
2018

47. CD4 cell count response to first-line combination ART in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients: A multinational, multicohort European study

Author

Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, van der Loeff, Maarten Schim, Anderson, Jane, van Sighem, Ard, Böni, Jürg, Brun-Vezinet, Françoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, François, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V., Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charles, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Møller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Mirò, Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Sabin, Caroline, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Amo, Julia del, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, van der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Team MORPH3EUS (INSERM U1219 - UB - ISPED), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam - CINIMA [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], Homerton University Hospital, Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de Virologie [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra (H.U.C.), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Hospitalet de Llobregat, University College of London [London] (UCL), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie clinique [AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre], Hôpital Bicêtre, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FHI 360, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University Hospital Bonn, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institution of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Sierrallana Hospital, Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Infectious diseases, Wittkop, L, Arsandaux, J, Trevino, A, van der Loeff, M, Anderson, J, van Sighem, A, Böni, J, Brun-Vezinet, F, Soriano, V, Boufassa, F, Brockmeyer, N, Calmy, A, Dabis, F, Jarrin, I, Dorrucci, M, Duque, V, Fätkenheuer, G, Zangerle, R, Ferrer, E, Porter, K, Judd, A, Sipsas, N, Lambotte, O, Shepherd, L, Leport, C, Morrison, C, Mussini, C, Obel, N, Ruelle, J, Schwarze-Zander, C, Sonnerborg, A, Teira, R, Torti, C, Valadas, E, Colin, C, Friis-Møller, N, Costagliola, D, Thiebaut, R, Chene, G, Matheron, S, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Pérez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, Monforte, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Mirò, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sönnerborg, A, Sabin, C, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Amo, J, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, van der Valk, M, Wyss, N, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, Van Der Loeff V Schim, Maarten, Anderson, Jane, Van Sighem, Ard, Jurg, Boni, Brun-Vezinet, Francoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, Francoi, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fãtkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V, Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charle, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niel, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Ander, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Moller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, on behalf of the COHERE in EuroCoord and ACHIeV2e Study, Group, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Internationality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Viral/blood, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, CD4 HIV, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Cd4 cell count, ddc:616, Confounding, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Europe, HIV-2/drug effects, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1/drug effects, RNA, Viral, Female, Viral load, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), Cart, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology, business.industry, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Institutional repository, HIV Infections/blood/drug therapy/immunology/virology, HIV-2, HIV-1, RNA, Panton–Valentine leukocidin, business
Abstract

Background: CD4 cell recovery following first-line combination ART (cART) is poorer in HIV-2+ than in HIV-1+ patients. Only large comparisons may allow adjustments for demographic and pretreatment plasma viral load (pVL). Methods: ART-naive HIV+ adults from two European multicohort collaborations, COHERE (HIV-1 alone) and ACHIeV2e (HIV-2 alone), were included, if they started first-line cART (without NNRTIs or fusion inhibitors) between 1997 and 2011. Patients without at least one CD4 cell count before start of cART, without a pretreatment pVL and with missing a priori-defined covariables were excluded. Evolution of CD4 cell count was studied using adjusted linear mixed models. Results: We included 185 HIV-2+ and 30321 HIV-1+ patients with median age of 46 years (IQR 36-52) and 37 years (IQR 31-44), respectively. Median observed pretreatment CD4 cell counts/mm(3) were 203 (95% CI 100-290) in HIV-2+ patients and 223 (95% CI 100-353) in HIV-1+ patients. Mean observed CD4 cell count changes from start of cART to 12months were + 105 (95% CI 77-134) in HIV-2+ patients and + 202 (95% CI 199-205) in HIV-1+ patients, an observed difference of 97 cells/mm(3) in 1 year. In adjusted analysis, the mean CD4 cell increase was overall 25 CD4 cells/mm(3)/year lower (95% CI 5-44; P=0.0127) in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients. Conclusions: A poorer CD4 cell increase during first-line cART was observed in HIV-2+ patients, even after adjusting for pretreatment pVL and other potential confounders. Our results underline the need to identify more potent therapeutic regimens or strategies against HIV-2

Published
2017

48. Estimating minimum adult HIV prevalence: A cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of people living with HIV in Italy

Author

Margherita Busso, Tullio Prestileo, Ermenegildo Francavilla, Marco Anselmo, Francesco Montella, Evangelista Sagnelli, Teresa Santantonio, Massimo Galli, Marcello Saitta, Giuseppe Foti, Cecilia Guariglia, Franco Baldelli, Simona Di Gianbenedetto, Pierluigi Viale, Francesco Castelli, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Angelo Pan, Gabriella D’Ettore, Maria Dorrucci, Salvatore Bruno, Tiziana Quirino, Mariangela Raimondo, Alessandro Bartoloni, Vinicio Manfrin, Giovanni Mazzarello, Eugenio Mantia, Raffaele Pempinello, Antonio Traverso, Barbara Suligoi, Fabio Bulla, Pietro Mesina, Alessia Zoncada, Gianfranco Orofino, Oliviero Bosco, Gianmichele Moise, Angelo Salomone Megna, Roberto Ferretto, Mauro Valle, Manuela Colafigli, Claudio Paternoster, S. Artioli, Giovanni Riccio, Stefania Bernardi, Paolo Grossi, Milena Zoppi, Sebastiano Maiuzzo, Giorgio Perboni, Sauro Tini, Giuseppe Ferrea, Nicoletta Ladisa, Enzo M. Farinella, Daniela Francisci, Dino Sgarabotto, Roberto Monarca, Enzo Petrelli, A. Franco, Izzo Cm, Pietro Bellissima, Francesco Ortu, Laura Sighinolfi, Antonio Chirianni, Filippo Bartalesi, Giulio De Stefano, Claudia Colomba, Laura Camoni, Salvatore Galvagna, Benedetto Maurizio Celesia, Andrea Petrucci, Camillo Baretti, Pierluigi Brugnaro, Federica Poletti, Maurilio Chimenti, Camilla Ajassa, Mario Falciano, Rosaria La Sala, Sauro Luchi, V. Portelli, Annamaria Degli Antoni, Francesco Mazzotta, Giuliano Zuccati, Vincenzo Colangeli, Ercole Concia, Giordano Madeddu, Maria Cristina Salfa, Francesca Cattelan, Nicola Acone, Vincenza Regine, Olivia Bargiacchi, Maurizio de Martino, F. Paoletti, Giovanni Cassola, Giuliano Schettino, Carlo De Stefano, Enza Anzalone, D. Aquilini, Giacomo Magnani, Vanni Borghi, Roberta Gastaldi, Alessandra Govoni, Cristina Rossi, Rita Consolini, Gioacchino Angarano, Gloria Taliani, Tommaso Fontana, Sergio Lo Caputo, Davide Vitullo, Pierpaolo Congedo, Emanuela Vaccher, Paolo Viganò, Maria Stella Mura, Claudio Cancellieri, Enrico Girardi, Francesca Savalli, Cecilia Fico, Anna Maria Cattelan, Alessandro Chiodera, Renzo Scaggiante, P. Osimani, Caterina Bramato, Nicola Pietrosillo, Giovanna D'Alessio, Salvatore Bonfante, Vincenzo Vullo, Andrea Gori, Margherita Dalessandro, Domenico Lucchino, Massimo Deseraca, Paolo Tundo, Alfredo Pennica, M. Paoloni, Antonella Castagna, Nicola Serrao, Paolo Costa, Franco Marranconi, Massimo Villa, Pietro Filippini, Maurizio Setti, Eligio Pizzigallo, Marco Tinelli, Mauro Marchili, Domenico Santoro, Cesira Nencioni, Piera Dones, Vincenzo Renda, Alberto Giannetti, Domenico La Rovere, Nicoletta Dorigoni, Guido Palamara, Angelo Iodice, Clara Gabiano, Peter Mian, Luigi Guarnieri, Andrea De Luca, Nicola Tripodi, Giovanni Cristina, Giustino Parruti, Maria Montroni, Loredana Palvarini, Marco Rizzi, Benvenuto Grisorio, Corrado Catalani, Paolo Emilio Manconi, Jacopo Vecchiett, Tiziana Carli, Riccardo Iapoce, Massimo Andreoni, Adriano Lazzarin, Giorgetta Casalino Finocchio, D Sacchini, Mario Gobber, Spartaco Sani, Marco Campus, Rosario La Rosa, Maurizio Mazzeo, Stefano Bonora, Michele Trezzi, Paolo Bassi, Angela La Gala, Alessandro Grimaldi, Dante Di Giammartino, Guido Leo, Gaetano Filice, Antonio Salvo, Paolo Bonfanti, Chiara Pasqualini, Marcello Tavio, Luca Butini, N. Abrescia, Angela Linzalone, Gianpaolo Natalini Ramponi, Pierangelo Rovere, Piero Cortese, Dario Bartolozzi, F. Resta, Miriam Lichtner, Loredana Sarmati, Francesco Cesario, Renato F. Frongillo, Ivano Mezzaroma, Carlo Ferrari, Lorenzo Minoli, Paola Di Stefano, Lucina Titone, Rosa Boncoraglio, Mariana Farenga, Giuliano Rizzardini, Stefano Aviani Barbacci, Andrea Giacometti, Andrea Antinori, Antonio Caterini, Consuelo Geraci, Piergiorgio Chiriacò, Lucio Cosco, Claudio Viscoli, Alfredo Scalzini, Sandro Piga, Massimo Arlotti, Cecilia Occhino, Roberto Luzzati, Paola Sabbatini, Guglielmo Borgia, Umberto Tirelli, Antonio Davi, Letizia Cristiano, Cristina Mussini, Roberto Cauda, Patrizio Vittucci, B. Salassa, Marco Libanore, Maria Pina Sciotti, Isa Picerno, Matteo Bassetti, Benedetto Caroleo, Oswald Moling, Danilo Tacconi, Massimo Puoti, Camoni, Laura, Raimondo, Mariangela, Dorrucci, Maria, Regine V, Salfa MC, CARPHA Study, Group, Lazzarin, Adriano, Castagna, Antonella, Camoni, L, Raimondo, M, Dorrucci, M, Regine, V, Salfa, M, Suligoi, B, Di Giammartino, D, Parruti, G, Di Stefano, P, Paoloni, M, D'Alessandro, M, Grimaldi, A, Sciotti, M, Pizzigallo, E, Vecchiett, J, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, De Stefano, G, Linzalone, A, Cesario, F, Cosco, L, Caroleo, B, Foti, G, Serrao, N, Lucchino, D, Chirianni, A, Abrescia, N, Pempinello, R, Izzo, C, Borgia, G, Filippini, P, Sagnelli, E, Iodice, A, Megna, A, D'Alessio, G, Acone, N, Mazzeo, M, Sacchini, D, Ferrari, C, Degli Antoni, A, Magnani, G, Mussini, C, Borghi, V, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Sighinolfi, L, Libanore, M, Govoni, A, Cancellieri, C, Bassi, P, Arlotti, M, Luzzati, R, Bassetti, M, Tirelli, U, Vaccher, E, Moise, G, Palamara, G, Bernardi, S, Falciano, M, Vullo, V, D'Ettore, G, Renda, V, Guariglia, C, Taliani, G, Mezzaroma, I, Paoletti, F, Ajassa, C, Gastaldi, R, Andreoni, M, Sarmati, L, Montella, F, Antinori, A, Giannetti, A, Pietrosillo, N, Girardi, E, Pennica, A, Cauda, R, Colafigli, M, Di Gianbenedetto, S, Caterini, A, Monarca, R, Barbacci, S, Ramponi, G, Marchili, M, Anzalone, E, Lichtner, M, Ferrea, G, Cassola, G, Viscoli, C, Mazzarello, G, Setti, M, Artioli, S, Riccio, G, Finocchio, G, Anselmo, M, Rizzi, M, Scalzini, A, Castelli, F, Quirino, T, Santoro, D, Pan, A, Zoncada, A, Bonfanti, P, Viganò, P, Villa, M, Tinelli, M, Perboni, G, Palvarini, L, Costa, P, Puoti, M, Galli, M, Rizzardini, G, Monforte, A, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gori, A, Minoli, L, Filice, G, Grossi, P, Giacometti, A, Tavio, M, Montroni, M, Butini, L, Osimani, P, Petrelli, E, Chiodera, A, Vittucci, P, Sabbatini, P, Pasqualini, C, Valle, M, Zoppi, M, Mantia, E, Schettino, G, Deseraca, M, Vitullo, D, Bargiacchi, O, Orofino, G, Bramato, C, Busso, M, Salassa, B, Farenga, M, Bonora, S, Leo, G, Poletti, F, Gobber, M, Cristina, G, Gabiano, C, Mian, P, Moling, O, Paternoster, C, Dorigoni, N, Fontana, T, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, La Rovere, D, Fico, C, Bulla, F, Santantonio, T, Grisorio, B, Chiriacò, P, Congedo, P, Tundo, P, Resta, F, Cristiano, L, Mura, M, Madeddu, G, Mesina, P, Piga, S, Campus, M, Manconi, P, Ortu, F, Salvo, A, Baretti, C, La Sala, R, Bellissima, P, Bonfante, S, Galvagna, S, Celesia, B, La Rosa, R, Maiuzzo, S, Guarnieri, L, Bruno, S, Picerno, I, Tripodi, N, Farinella, E, Occhino, C, Titone, L, Colomba, C, Prestileo, T, Saitta, M, Dones, P, Boncoraglio, R, Davi, A, Franco, A, Portelli, V, Savalli, F, Geraci, C, Chimenti, M, Luchi, S, Catalani, C, Trezzi, M, Aquilini, D, Sani, S, Nencioni, C, Carli, T, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Zuccati, G, Iapoce, R, Consolini, R, Bartolozzi, D, Bartoloni, A, Bartalesi, F, DE LUCA, A, De Martino, M, Tacconi, D, Tini, S, Baldelli, F, Francisci, D, Frongillo, R, Traverso, A, Francavilla, E, Ferretto, R, Marranconi, F, Manfrin, V, Cortese, P, Rossi, C, Cattelan, F, Petrucci, A, Brugnaro, P, Sgarabotto, D, Scaggiante, R, Cattelan, A, Bosco, O, Concia, E, Rovere, P, Regine, Vincenza, Salfa, Maria Cristina, Suligoi, Barbara, and Luzzati, Roberto

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), MEDLINE, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, medicine, HIV Infection, HIV, prevalence, Italy, Cross-Sectional Studie, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), HIV, Retrospective cohort study, Hiv prevalence, Northern italy, Anti-Retroviral Agent, business, Viral load, Human, Demography
Abstract

In 2012, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the number of people living with HIV linked to care and, among these, the number of people on antiretroviral therapy. The health authority in each of the 20 Italian Regions provided the list of Public Infectious Diseases Clinics providing antiretroviral therapy and monitoring people with HIV infection. We asked every Public Infectious Diseases Clinic to report the number of HIV-positive people diagnosed and linked to care and the number of those on antiretroviral therapy during 2012. In 2012, 94,146 people diagnosed with HIV and linked to care were reported. The majority were males (70.1%), Italians (84.4%), and aged between 25 and 49 years (63.4%); the probable route of transmission was heterosexual contact in 37.5% of cases, injecting drug use in 28.1%, and male-to-male contact in 27.9%. Among people in care, 20.1% had less than 350 CD4 cells/μl, 87.6% received antiretroviral therapy, and among these, 62.4% had a CD4 cell count higher than 350 cells/μl. The overall estimated prevalence of individuals diagnosed and linked to care in 2012 in Italy was 0.16 per 100 residents (all ages). Adding the estimated proportion of undiagnosed people, the estimated HIV prevalence would range between 0.19 and 0.26 per 100 residents. In Italy, the majority of people diagnosed and linked to care receive antiretroviral therapy. A higher prevalence of individuals diagnosed and linked to care was observed in Northern Italy and among males. More information for developing the HIV care continuum is necessary to improve the entire engagement in care, focusing on test-and-treat strategies to substantially reduce the proportion of people still undiagnosed or with a detectable viral load.

Published
2015

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