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This research delves into the intersection between knowledge management and sustainability, addressing the growing interest in this area. A comprehensive bibliometric review is conducted, analyzing 1100 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 1995 and 2023. The study explores various research constituents and uncovers underlying themes that shape the field. The findings reveal diverse foundational and thematic clusters, such as informed sustainability practice and ecological knowledge, which drive knowledge creation and innovation. These clusters intersect, highlighting the multifaceted role of knowledge management in advancing sustainability. The study concludes by proposing a new theoretical framework to encapsulate current understanding and guide further exploration, emphasizing the need for continued innovation to tackle the complex sustainability challenges organizations and society face.

The present study examines the training environment and sponsorship dynamics in Hungarian artistic swimming, with a particular focus on competitiveness. Through the utilization of a linear regression method ample aspects were identified, such as coach qualifications, funding sources, and facilities, that positively impact the number of qualified competitors. The availability of funding sources, when coupled with governmental assistance, has a favorable effect on the number of competitors, whereas membership fees have a deleterious impact. Furthermore, the findings indicate that increased water availability and increased publicity enhance artistic swimming recognition, whereas improved land-based training conditions may lead to a decline in the number of competitors. This paper discusses how different aspects of training programs can be integrated to improve overall athleticism, prevent injury, and enhance the competitive ability of artistic swimmers.

Abstract Supporting the birth and development of innovative small firms, i.e., start-up incubation, has emerged as a critical factor in fostering entrepreneurship, innovation, regional development, and more recently, sustainability. This bibliometric review aims to comprehensively understand and visualize different research perspectives on how start-ups are successfully incubated. A total of 1116 Scopus articles were selected and synthesized using a qualitative approach. The study applies novel visualization techniques (Citation Network Analysis, Global Citation Score, Burst Detection Analysis and Co-Occurrence Networks of Keywords) to map the scientific structure of start-up incubation research, including the clusters of the leading research topics based on citation networks, the most cited articles, and the keywords with the most substantial citation bursts as well as their co-occurrence. We evaluate research on start-up incubation from 1972 to 2023 and show how the topic has advanced by scholars’ changing interests over time. We identify five clusters that reflect distinct study themes and their most cited references. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of start-up incubation research, which developed from a focus on biotechnology and technology transfer toward the current research trends on accelerators and (entrepreneurial) ecosystems. This paper also provides insights for policymakers and start-up incubation managers to make informed decisions.

This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric review and visualization of smart and sustainable energy consumption, delving into the challenges and opportunities of developing renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The study examines research trends and emerging themes about integrating smart solutions and sustainable energy resource consumption. The analytical methods used involve thoroughly analyzing empirical data, case studies, and review papers to map the research landscape. The results highlight dominant research topics, influential authors, and publication timelines in this field. The review identifies the key challenges in harnessing renewable and non-renewable energy sources, including the need for reliable energy sources, energy storage systems, and smart grid technologies. The paper concludes with insights into the most effective practices for promoting smart and energy-efficient methods while emphasizing the complexity of sustainable energy solutions.

This study aims to determine the valuation value of Henbuk's startup by conducting qualitative and quantitative analyses. Henbuk is a startup engaged in e-commerce. The Henbuk startup is currently in the initial funding stage, and the founders are opening opportunities for investors, which can later support operational and development activities. In obtaining funding from investors, the Henbuk startup requires an initial assessment of the company's value. The score assessment consists of several indicators, e.g., quality of the founder and team, opportunity size, product and technology, competition, marketing, sales and partnerships, and the need for additional investment. The results of the value assessment are obtained by using the Scorecard Assessment Method. The results of this study may help to determine the real value of other start-ups for the investors in the future.

PT XYZ is one of the largest telecommunication companies in Indonesia. In 2020, PT XYZ implemented a digital transformation to increase its excellence by investing in industry telecommunication and information systems (IT/IS) enterprise resource planning software called SAP (System Application and Processing) S/4 HANA Cloud. The study aims to analyze the benefits of these IT investments made in PT XYZ. The results are carried out using the Comparative Analysis of Financial Statements followed by Business Value and Financial Feasibility Analysis and the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) method between 2018 and 2021. It can be revealed that the SAP S/4 Hana Cloud investment benefits the company's operations, which are identified in the form of 5 sub-categories that fall into required categories based on Ranti's Generic IT/IS Business Value.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a significant source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and plays a crucial role in climate change and global warming. This study aims to explain the effects of primary and renewable energy supplies and environmental taxation and to analyse how taxation can alter their direct effects on carbon intensity. The research was conducted using a generalized method of moments model that uses instrumental variables with two-stage (2SGMM) estimators to calculate the direct and moderating effects of environmental taxes on carbon intensity. This study confirms the EKC theorem, and results have shown that primary energy supply and environmental-related taxation positively contribute to carbon intensity. The second finding indicates that a major increase in the proportion of renewable energy will greatly slow the rate of carbon dioxide emissions. The study provides additional evidence concerning the moderating role of taxation in amplifying the impacts of primary and renewable energy supply. The empirical findings suggest that the taxation impact is more fiscal than an incentive. In addition to the current energy and economic crisis, considerable funding and fiscal policies are needed to achieve more sustainable development paths towards carbon neutrality and energy security.

This article presents a comparative analysis of machine learning models for business failure prediction. Bankruptcy prediction is crucial in assessing financial risks and making informed decisions for investors and regulatory bodies. Since machine learning techniques have advanced, there has been much interest in predicting bankruptcy due to their capacity to handle complex data patterns and boost prediction accuracy. In this study, we evaluated the performance of various machine learning algorithms. We collect comprehensive data comprising financial indicators and company-specific attributes relevant to the Pakistani business landscape from 2016 through 2021. The analysis includes AdaBoost, decision trees, gradient boosting, logistic regressions, naive Bayes, random forests, and support vector machines. This comparative analysis provides insights into the most suitable model for accurate bankruptcy prediction in Pakistani companies. The results contribute to the financial literature by comparing machine learning models tailored to anticipate Pakistani stock market insolvency. These findings can assist financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and investors in making more informed decisions and effectively mitigating financial risks.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) promote a vision of a fairer, more prosperous, peaceful and sustainable growth. However, few previous studies have examined and predicted the complex socio-economic impacts of global pandemic recovery and taken SDGs into account. The primary goal of this study is to gain novel insights into whether SDGs can be implemented by exploring the interrelationships between the different dimensions of economic risks and development stages. A cross-country comparative framework was used, and the datasets were published by SolAbility Sustainable Intelligence, the World Bank, for 2019-2020. An OLS regression is applied to compute the links between economic growth and downturn exposure issues. The results suggest that (a) the ex-post economic growth is controversially related to the level of income stages, (b) the increase in the economic downturn will decrease economic growth per annum. The practical implication of the study is that policymakers need to emphasise the impacts of economic fallouts exposure to support structural reforms.

There is growing literature on the concept and objectives of corporate sustainability (CS), but less attention is paid to a comprehensive approach to economic, social and ecological factors and industrial revolution (IR). Specifically, this paper contributes to the academic debate on the relationship between CS and IR in agri-food economics using firm-level data. The study used quantitative pathway models to measure the extent to which technologies affect the development of social, ecological and economic factors in Hungarian food manufacturing companies. The research was conducted using partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) and categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) to calculate the direct and indirect effects of IR technologies on profitability outcomes. This study has shown that the livable and sustainable path hypotheses can be confirmed. Consequently, the food manufacturing businesses whose managers think along the viable and sustainable lines tend to be more profitable. However, the ecological and economic factors strengthened the positive impact of the social dimension on food corporate profitability. Decision-makers should not wait for a pie in the sky for emerging sustainability but consciously embrace the CS issues that only provide a direction for the changes.

The World is facing its worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. The promotion of sustainable and inclusive economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all is undermined by the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic. Food security is linked to the majority of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to draw attention to the role of the food security objective, which is based on reliable, equitable and sustainable food systems that benefit from modern and equitable agricultural technologies. Food (in)security negatively affects human physical, social and economic development throughout life and is a significant environmental disruptor with serious consequences for planetary health. In this article, the authors propose the links between food security and sustainable development goals taking pandemic crisis into account to gain novel insights on whether and how recovery policies can be implemented simultaneously, which may lead to more nuanced findings in the global solution of SDGs.

Successful energy transitions, also referred to as leapfrog development, present enormous prospects for EU nations to become carbon neutral by shifting from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. Along with climate change, EU countries must address energy security and dependency issues, exacerbated by factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, rising energy costs, conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, and political instability. Diversifying energy sources, generating renewable energy, increasing energy efficiency, preventing energy waste, and educating the public about environmental issues are proposed as several strategies. The study draws the conclusion that central European countries may transition to a clean energy economy and become carbon neutral on economic and strategic levels by locating alternative clean energy supply sources, reducing energy use, and producing renewable energy. According to the study, the EU energy industry can be decarbonised and attain energy security using three basic strategies, such as supply diversification, energy savings, and quicker adoption of renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. The energy transformation industry still needs to improve energy efficiency, incorporate a circular and sustainable bioeconomy, and support renewable energies, including solar, wind, hydropower, nuclear, and hydrogen.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and employees’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty from a microeconomic perspective. The paper reviews the literature in the field since the 1970s; this study is based on the hypothesis that the employees who show a conscious tendency to build a better relationship with their employer, are most likely loyal employees. The study also states that the employer's approval is the result of loyalty. Concurrently, it shows that there is a direct relationship between job satisfaction and personal loyalty. Hence, companies need to make workers satisfied and they will be more and more loyal to the company. Moreover, this study tries to propose a model based on an classification of organizational positions in the case of a pharmaceutical company in IRAN.

Sustainable construction is a comprehensive process of balancing the natural and built environment by applying sustainable development concepts. The golden triangle in the construction of time, cost, and quality should also assess risks from a sustainable perspective and investigate the environmental dimensions of the project. However, proper risk assessment for green sustainability is challenging, resulting in project management conducted under uncertain conditions. This study proposes a procedure based on Monte Carlo Simulations to improve the assessment of critical risk factors associated with construction activities. The AHP method was applied to rank environmental impact indicators, and the EMV approach was used to calculate the effects of the expected outcomes. The current study shows that air, water, and land pollution, water consumption, and solid waste are the most critical indicators. The results indicate that the equipment breakdown significantly impacted the duration of (and increase in) environmental issues. The evidence suggests that attention should be paid to sustainability risk factors during construction activities, e.g., the unavailability of materials had the most significant impact on the cost of the construction phase. The results suggest that the inadequate control of sustainability risk factors can lead to poor performance and tough decisions in a construction project.

Az élelmezésbiztonság biztosítása alapvető, de gyakran elhanyagolt célkitűzés a fenntartható fejlődést és kiegyensúlyozott gazdasági teljesítményt szolgáló intézkedések között. A tanulmány az élelmezésbiztonságnak az egy munkavállalóra jutó kibocsátás (termelékenység) növekedésére való hatását vizsgálja, miközben figyelembe veszi az országok fejlettségét. A dinamikus panel regresszió alapján kijelenthető, hogy az élelmezésbiztonság pozitív hatást gyakorol a termelékenység növekedésre, azonban a fejlettebb országok esetén ez a hatás erősebb. Az eredmények rávilágítanak az alacsony jövedelemszinttel rendelkező országok gazdasági problémáinak összetettségére, hiszen a fejlődésükhöz láthatóan nem elégséges az élelmiszerfogyasztás egyoldalú növelése.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have become the main priority across the globe due to their significant role in economic growth and propensity. However, in particular, it is not yet known how governments can achieve SDGs through non-profit organisations (NPOs) by providing financial and non-financial incentives. The present study included 263 Pakistan NPOs in a primary survey using a questionnaire. The results obtained from the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) highlight that: (i) government incentives do not directly influence community development; (ii) The government non-financial incentives have a significant direct effect on environmental activities to reduce pollution, energy consumption and waste; (iii) Resource management fully mediates the paths between government incentives and community development while partially mediates environmental activities; and finally, (iv) resource management has a favourable influence both on the goals of community development and environmental activities. This research paper contributes to the knowledge in that government incentives do not have a direct influence on social development, but has an indirect influence through efficient management. Recommendations are that government and public bodies need to support NPOs to engage actively in philanthropic activities. Similarly, NPOs should efficiently utilize and manage the resources to benefit the maximum number of poor and needy individuals. First published online 22 September 2020

Az utóbbi években ismét felerősödtek a munkaerő-piaci intézmények szerepével kapcsolatos viták. A vizsgálatok azonban mára már nem elsősorban a miért léteznek és hogyan jöttek létre problémákra fokuszálnak, hanem sokkal inkább arra, hogy miért olyanok amilyenek és vajon milyen tényleges tartalommal bírnak a gazdasági szereplők számára. A tanulmányban a munkaerő-piaci intézmények közül a szakszervezetekre, a minimálbérekre, a munkanélküliek támogatására, valamint a piaci szabályozásra és politikákra koncentrálunk. Az empirikus elemzések eredményeként megállapítható, hogy a piaci és nem piaci szektorokban ezek eltérő módon befolyásolják a foglalkoztatás alakulását. Az elvégzett vizsgálatok továbbá rávilágítottak az időtényező releváns szerepére, ugyanis eltérő időtávokban ugyanazon intézmény különböző makrogazdasági hatásmechanizmusokat fejthet ki. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: J21, J45, E02.

Purpose – this study aims to determine the influence of E-government on productivity in the case of different countries comparing by income level. Research methodology – static (fixed and random) and dynamic (GMM) panel regression. Findings – a disaggregated analysis reveals that middle-income countries are driving global productivity growth by implementing ICTs infrastructure in the public sector. Research limitations – this study focuses on severe developed and developing economies, whereas each country may not benefit from E-government implementation as gains might be offset with the enormous costs of implementation. Practical implications – the government may rely more on online services in the provision of its responsibilities because it enhances the efficiency of public sectors. Originality/Value – the study is a novel measure of E-government that covers additional multiple dimensions.

Electric vehicles (EVs) have become a symbol of the fight against climate change. However, in many countries, the market development of EVs is sluggish, and adoption rates greatly vary worldwide. This study examines the impact of Hofstede’s six dimensions of national culture on the development of the electric car market using sales data from 2019 and 2020 in 21 OECD countries. Results of (OLS) linear regression analyses show that uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and indulgence have a significantly negative impact on the sales of battery electric cars, while long-term orientation positively influences their market share. The results indicate that national culture is an important cross-country factor that influences the rate and direction of the adoption electric cars. The research also explains how cultural values are translated into the purchase of EVs and provides marketers and policymakers with an insight into how they can increase the spread of alternative-fuel vehicles.

Since COVID-19 was confirmed in Bangladesh in March 2020, the government have enacted stringent measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, which has had a significant impact on people’s lives. Food consumption habits of consumers have shifted as a result of declining grocery shopping frequency, negative income shock, and food prices shooting up. This paper aims to explore Bangladeshi consumers’ buying behaviour in association with the stress generated from a food supply shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-outbreak perception of the food industry, using a dataset with 540 online samples collected between July and August 2021. A two-stage cluster sampling method and self-administrated questionnaire techniques were adopted for collecting the data during the third wave of COVID-19. Using partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) and multivariate multiple ordered logit regression (MVORD) to reveal the pertinent structure between all the blocks, this study provides two key findings. First, a higher intensity of COVID-19 impact translates into higher food stress associated with income reduction and higher food prices. Second, food stress directly affects consumer buying and consumption behaviour. We strongly recommend connecting consumers with local producers and collective use of shared warehouses through institutions, policies, and reforms to prevent disruption in the food supply chain and to keep food prices stable. Additionally, food producers, distributors, stakeholders, and policy planners should strengthen the food supply chain to stabilize food security.

This study addresses the complexity of global pandemic (COVID) exposures and explores how sustainable development relates to economic and health risks and food security. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) is applied to compute the links among blocks of variables, and results are validated by random sampling with bootstrapping, exhaustive and split-half techniques, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the differences of the MFA factors within the different stages of competitiveness. Comparing the MFA factors suggests that higher competitiveness is correlated with better food security and natural resilience and the tremendous economic downturn; the most competitive countries have lower exposures to health risks. In addition, the risk of pandemics appears to be lower with well-established public health care (HC) system services and good health for the population. The study also underlines that the economic and health systems are unfortunately inadequate to deal with a crisis of this magnitude. Although the countries least affected by the epidemic are the most competitive, they cannot protect people and the economy effectively. Formulating appropriate global responses is a challenge, but the results may lead to more nuanced findings regarding treatment policies that can be addressed at the country level.

The turbulent changing economic environment following the 2008 global financial and economic crisis has posed a major challenge to the majority of producing and manufacturing companies. The recessionary economy of the European Union, the “marginal countries” existence on the edge of bankruptcy, the shortage of loans and the subdued consumption of the population all affect the way in which products are marketed and the integration of accompanying services. This change has a significant impact on logistics processes and logistics service providers, as they face changing tasks and challenges in supply chain management. The authors intend to address this impact in their article, which also takes into account the results of international scientific papers.

This paper is intended to clarify the phenomenon that lower achieving students tend to evaluate their own academic performance less accurately than those who do better in their studies. Previous studies have found that lower performers generally overestimate while higher performers underestimate their performance. The current study analyses self-assessment behaviour and efficiency among Hungarian higher vocational education students. We found that the lowest level of higher education students typically overestimate their performance. Our results strengthen the empirical evidences from previous studies that showed that higher-achieving students evaluate their performance more accurately than their lower achieving fellows. Furthermore we found that higher-achieving students tend to over-assess their examination results to a lesser degree than low-achieving students. We also analysed the difference between the two genders. Compared to female students, males tend to overestimate their own performance.

An institutional perspective is employed to illuminate the complexity of frauds in various diverse economies, in order to enhance the efficacy of previous accounting concepts. In this study, the effects of the legal, regulatory and human framework of the strength of auditing and reporting standards, and the governance capital related to global sustainable competitiveness and economic growth, etc. are analysed by linear regression (OLS) methods. Moreover, the role of other indicators i.e. financial freedom, the extent of director liability and legal origin, are interrelated with the number of fraud cases. From the results, it appears that an increased level of governance capital, financial freedom from government pressure, strengthened transparency and more protected minority investors through liable directors might increase the number of reported fraud cases in the countries and years examined. The existence of legal origin also seemed to be an appropriate proxy for an improved understanding of fraud characteristics. This evidence suggests it is worth investigating in depth the nature of financial crimes across countries for a better understanding of this phenomenon. In this way, these findings might have sufficient potential in the case of adequate policy implications within a less litigious business environment to resolve the undesirable consequences of impending financial downturns, and to achieve sustainable competitiveness and economic development.

This paper is intended to clarify the European Commission’s Education and Training (ET 2020) strategy, focusing primarily on the dimension of educational attainment. According to the ET 2020, the percentage of the population aged between 30 and 34 who have completed their tertiary education, should be at least 40% by 2020. Meanwhile, also forecasts a reduction in the early school leaver rate to less than 10%. The purposes of this study are to explore the present educational attainment performance in various OECD countries and to analyse the determinants of productivity growth regarding these educational targets. We found that in long run, an increase in the level of human capital resulted in a greater increase in productivity in those countries where the tertiary education and early school leaver ratios targets are achieved. Our conclusions highlight that educational reforms are needed to rethink the establishment of knowledge societies.

Pursuing various sustainable development goals is posing new challenges for societies, policymakers, and researchers alike. This study implements an exploratory approach to address the complexity of food security and nuance its relationship with other grand challenges, such as energy use and climate change, in Central European countries. A multiple factor analysis (MFA) suggests that the three pillars of food security relate differently to climate change: food affordability and food accessibility positively correlate with climate change, while food quality has a negative association with temperature rise. However, if countries switched to renewable energy resources, all three pillars of food security could be achieved simultaneously. The study also underlines regional inequalities regarding grand challenges and emphasizes the need for innovative local solutions, i.e., advances in agriculture systems, educational programs, and the development of environmental technologies that consider social and economic issues.

Most of the people assume modern slavery end up in 19th century. However, according to the International Labor Organization (ILO), today 40 million people live as a slave. Moreover, modern slavery is the world’s fastest growing crime and has huge number, which never occurred in history before. One of the main limitation of the existing literature on contemporary slavery is that it ignores the history of slavery either entirely or alternatively between past and present. However, this article aims to figure out the role of modern slavery, also recommends some suggestions to governments to solve the problem of it. The aim of this paper is to addressing to the modern slavery policies in a conceptual perspective. In the theoretical framework of modern slavery, rational choice theory, conflict theory and human security theory have been selected to describe the sequence of modern slavery.

Nowadays, the sustainability already goes far beyond the aspects of environmental protection; the knowledge and the education are also part of the sustainable development. In the field of education, a condition of realizing the sustainability is that the state should ensure a predictable and stable budget for the operation of institutions. Aim of the treatise, at first, is to examine the fulfilment of Europe 2020 Strategy objective affecting the higher education directly and then, based on statistical data, to present the trend in number of students of the Hungarian higher education and its composition by regions and to examine the change in the budgetary support.In order to retain the sustainability and competitiveness, the state and the institutions should make efforts to harmonise their sources and expenditures and to ensure a predictable, stable financial environment for the sector and its stakeholders.

Our research deals with a comprehensive study of the management success factors of logistics service providers using a new approach, and examines the life of logistics service companies. The data were collected from 51 logistics service providers in Hungary. We searched for the proper enterprise scale – acquisitions – strategies (including the method of looking for the economies of scale in the LSP segment to be examined, and the role of strategy choice). Our research has found that among logistics companies those firms which followed the growth pattern has significantly higher sales revenue than the companies growing organically. Additionally, logistics companies – considering their pre-tax profits - work more efficiently when they have a growth strategy (regardless of its time lag). However, this claim is true only for those companies that did not have any (revenue) growth over the previous period. The results of our research can effectively help logistics service providers find their business success factors, which will enable them fulfil the expectations of their customers in the supply chain better.

No consensus has been reached on the problem of solving resource depletion. A recognition of the fact that resources are not endless and the Earth is a finite globe reinforces the idea that the vision of continuous economic growth is not sustainable over time. The aim of this paper is to examine the efficacy of real prices as an indicator of metals and oil in consideration of growth tendencies in the Consumer Price Indexes. In addition, enhancing the current literature on commodity price interrelationships, the main contribution of this study is the substitution of different proxies in order to justify the effect of scarcity and crude oil changes on the examined metal group prices. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of scarcity as an indicator of real price deviations, the study has been conducted involving various non-renewable metals, i.e., copper, molybdenum, zinc, gold and platinum group metals. The real price indices and metal prices of the US market are constructed between 1913 and 2015. Moreover, additional econometric analyses are also carried out to discover whether prices of various metals associate with oil prices and scarcity, as the proxy of reserves-to-production ratio. The linear regression results seem to suggest that the effects of the R/P ratios are negatively correlated with each of the examined precious (gold, PGMs), mass consumable (copper, zinc) and doping agent (molybdenum) metals from 1991 to 2015. An increase in oil-prices is positively associated with the price levels of each non-renewable resource in the short-run. The findings of multivariate co-integration and Granger causality tests also suggest that pairwise and direct relationships among these variables seem to arise in the long-run. These findings indicate essential questions that must be addressed by future generations in order to appropriately solve scarcity problems.

Ebben a rövid munkatanulmányban elsősorban a gazdasági növekedésben bekövetkezett változásokra koncentrálok. A kutatások1 során egyrészt arra a kérdésre keresem a választ, hogy ezek a változások – a vizsgált, 1976 és 2007 közötti időszakban – az úgynevezett teljes tényező-termelékenység (TFP) és a fizikai, valamint humán tőkeállomány változása miként járultak hozzá a kibocsátás növekedési üteméhez. A számításokat – a növekedés számvitel (growth accounting) alapján – néhány OECD tagországra vonatkozóan, illetve a technológia intenzitása szerint megkülönböztetett gépgyártási szektorokban végzem el. E mellett a panel regressziós módszertan segítségével azt vizsgálom, hogy a beruházási ráta és a foglalkoztatás alakulása hogyan befolyásolja ezekben az ágazatokban az egy munkavállalóra jutó kibocsátást (termelékenységet). Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kódok: E25, J24, L16.

A tanulmányban a hosszú távon jelentkező ún. „munkahelyetlen” növekedés (jobless growth) kérdésköréből kiindulva elsősorban a munkapiac foglalkoztatási és termelékenységi struktúrájában létrejövő permanens szektorális változásokra (sectoral shifts) koncentráltunk. Vizsgálódásaink során először arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy a foglalkoztatás struktúrájában bekövetkezett változások a térbeli (az EU-15 országaiban), avagy a szerkezeti (ágazati) tényezőkben játszottak jelentősebb szerepet a vizsgált (1990–2003) időszakban. Mindamellett a munkapiaci termelékenységben bekövetkezett elmozdulásokon keresztül néhány elméleti hipotézist teszteltünk, nevezetesen a strukturális változásokból adódó nyereségek és veszteség (structural bonus & burden) hipotéziseit az ún. hatásarány-elemzésen keresztül. További empirikus vizsgálatokban kitértünk még a szektorális termelékenységben bekövetkezett változásokra különböző képzettségbeli és technológiai összevetések tükrében. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: J21, J24, L16.

There has been limited research on integrating sustainability factors into indicators of global competitiveness among nations. Extant measures of macroeconomic competitiveness focus inadequate attention on the relative importance and interdependences among economic, social, and environmental factors and often their aggregation method. The primary objectives of this study were to explore the interrelations of economic competitiveness and sustainability while integrating the economic and sustainability performance indicators of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and the Global Sustainable Competitiveness Index (GSCI) to create more accurate rankings of countries in both dimensions. Deep Ranking Analysis by Power Eigenvectors (DRAPE) with Variable Clustering (VARCLUS) was applied to associate multiple and conflicting economic and sustainable competitiveness criteria. Consequently, economic competitiveness and mainly institutional environment and innovation capabilities tend to couple with a higher degree of sustainability. However, improving and refining sustainable competitiveness may be vulnerable to environmental issues and resource scarcity, but further socio-economic dimensions must also be considered. The outcomes demonstrate the leadership of the Scandinavian countries and Switzerland, which are all competitive as well as sustainable. This research may extend and inspire further studies and government interventions that adopt more comprehensive approaches to assessing global competitiveness.