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Abstract Background Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is an economically and ecologically important fish species in the family Nototheniidae. Juveniles occupy progressively deeper waters as they mature and grow, and adults have been caught as deep as 2500 m, living on or in just above the southern shelves and slopes around the sub-Antarctic islands of the Southern Ocean. As apex predators, they are a key part of the food web, feeding on a variety of prey, including krill, squid, and other fish. Despite its importance, genomic sequence data, which could be used for more accurate dating of the divergence between Patagonian and Antarctic toothfish, or establish whether it shares adaptations to temperature with fish living in more polar or equatorial climes, has so far been limited. Results A high-quality D. eleginoides genome was generated using a combination of Illumina, PacBio and Omni-C sequencing technologies. To aid the genome annotation, the transcriptome derived from a variety of toothfish tissues was also generated using both short and long read sequencing methods. The final genome assembly was 797.8 Mb with a N50 scaffold length of 3.5 Mb. Approximately 31.7% of the genome consisted of repetitive elements. A total of 35,543 putative protein-coding regions were identified, of which 50% have been functionally annotated. Transcriptomics analysis showed that approximately 64% of the predicted genes (22,617 genes) were found to be expressed in the tissues sampled. Comparative genomics analysis revealed that the anti-freeze glycoprotein (AFGP) locus of D. eleginoides does not contain any AFGP proteins compared to the same locus in the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni). This is in agreement with previously published results looking at hybridization signals and confirms that Patagonian toothfish do not possess AFGP coding sequences in their genome. Conclusions We have assembled and annotated the Patagonian toothfish genome, which will provide a valuable genetic resource for ecological and evolutionary studies on this and other closely related species.

Aims The NHS Southern Gambling Service (SGS) is a service providing evidence-based assessment and treatment for people affected by Gambling Disorder (GD) across the South-East of England. This service evaluation aimed to ascertain whether SGS was offering equality of access to treatment and suitable provision of treatment to ethnic minority communities, and whether there were barriers making it difficult for people from ethnic minority communities to access and engage in treatment for gambling harms. Methods Quantitative ethnic origin demographic data was obtained from 120 referrals to SGS between September 2022 and October 2023. These were statistically compared with the ethnic origin demographics of the general population in the same geographical area, as identified by Office of National Statistics (ONS) Census 2021 data. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with three participants from ethnic minority populations who were engaged in treatment with the service. Relevant themes in the qualitative data were identified using thematic analysis. Results Quantitative data results indicated no significant statistical differences in most ethnic origin categories between the proportion of referrals to SGS from the ethnic origin and the recorded proportion of this ethnic origin in the general population. There was a greater difference for the “other ethnic group” category (chi square p,0.05, uncorrected), which was likely due to a difference in categorisation of ethnicity between SGS and ONS in 2021 Census. The qualitative review identified themes of value of money, stigmatisation, different cultural attitudes towards gambling, and experiences of healthcare. GPs were identified as the first step towards seeking help for gambling. Conclusion These results suggested that SGS was offering equality of access to treatment for people from ethnic minority populations and that there were not significant barriers preventing people from ethnic minority populations accessing treatment. The reported positive experiences of participants' referral to and treatment with SGS indicates that for these participants suitable provision of treatment had been offered by our service. With the thematic analysis identifying GPs as the first step towards seeking help for their gambling, this study indicates the importance of the gambling service working closely with primary care for the equitable access to treatment from gambling harms on a regional level. These preliminary findings are based on a limited, small sample. Further research using a larger, more diverse sample to gain a deeper knowledge would be advised to further shape the service offer to ensure equity of access.

Objective There is a lack of UK guidance regarding routine use of probiotics in preterm infants to prevent necrotising enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis and death. As practices can vary, we aimed to determine the current usage of probiotics within neonatal units in the UK.Design and setting Using NeoTRIPS, a trainee-led neonatal research network, an online survey was disseminated to neonatal units of all service levels within England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in 2022. Trainees were requested to complete one survey per unit regarding routine probiotic administration.Results 161 of 188 (86%) neonatal units responded to the survey. 70 of 161 (44%) respondents routinely give probiotics to preterm infants. 45 of 70 (64%) use the probiotic product Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM/Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-06/B. infantis Bi-26 (Labinic™). 57 of 70 (81%) start probiotics in infants ≤32 weeks’ gestation. 33 of 70 (47%) had microbiology departments that were aware of the use of probiotics and 64 of 70 (91%) had a guideline available. Commencing enteral feeds was a prerequisite to starting probiotics in 62 of 70 (89%) units. The majority would stop probiotics if enteral feeds were withheld (59 of 70; 84%) or if the infant was being treated for necrotising enterocolitis (69 of 70; 99%). 24 of 91 (26%) units that did not use probiotics at the time of the survey were planning to introduce them within the next 12 months.Conclusions More than 40% of all UK neonatal units that responded are now routinely administering probiotics, with variability in the product used. With increased probiotic usage in recent years, there is a need to establish whether this translates to improved clinical outcomes.

Background: Community hospitals have been part of England’s health-care landscape since the mid-nineteenth century. Evidence on them has not kept pace with their development. Aim: To provide a comprehensive analysis of the profile, characteristics, patient experience and community value of community hospitals. Design: A multimethod study with three phases. Phase 1 involved national mapping and the construction of a new database of community hospitals through data set reconciliation and verification. Phase 2 involved nine case studies, including interviews and focus groups with patients (n = 60), carers (n = 28), staff (n = 132), volunteers (n = 68), community stakeholders (n = 74) and managers and commissioners (n = 9). Phase 3 involved analysis of Charity Commission data on voluntary support. Setting: Community hospitals in England. Results: The study identified 296 community hospitals with beds in England. Typically, the hospitals were small (

Background: Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is an economically and ecologically important fish species in the family Nototheniidae. Juveniles occupy progressively deeper waters as they mature and grow, and adults have been caught as deep as 2500 m, living on or in just above the southern shelves and slopes around the sub-Antarctic islands of the Southern Ocean. As apex predators, they are a key part of the food web, feeding on a variety of prey, including krill, squid, and other fish. Despite its importance, genomic sequence data, which could be used for more accurate dating of the divergence between Patagonian and Antarctic toothfish, or establish whether it shares adaptations to temperature with fish living in more polar or equatorial climes, has so far been limited. Results: A high-quality D. eleginoides genome was generated using a combination of Illumina, PacBio and Omni-C sequencing technologies. To aid the genome annotation, the transcriptome derived from a variety of toothfish tissues was also generated using both short and long read sequencing methods. The final genome assembly was 797.8 Mb with a N50 scaffold length of 3.5 Mb. Approximately 31.7% of the genome consisted of repetitive elements. A total of 35,543 putative protein-coding regions were identified, of which 50% have been functionally annotated. Transcriptomics analysis showed that approximately 64% of the predicted genes (22,617 genes) were found to be expressed in the tissues sampled. Comparative genomics analysis revealed that the anti-freeze glycoprotein (AFGP) locus of D. eleginoides does not contain any AFGP proteins compared to the same locus in the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni). This is in agreement with previously published results looking at hybridization signals and confirms that Patagonian toothfish do not possess AFGP coding sequences in their genome. Conclusions: We have assembled and annotated the Patagonian toothfish genome, which will provide a valuable genetic resource for ecological and evolutionary studies on this and other closely related species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the issue titled "Transgressions & Gender in Higher Education." It introduces the articles and writers included in the issue and offers a synthesis of the ideas they address. Deborah Davidson and Debra Langan respond to the event of a woman breastfeeding her baby while guest lecturing. Barbara Grant writes about the immeasurable benefits of scholarly writing retreats for women and the corresponding problem of how institutions want to see quantifiable results before funding them. In choosing the title topic, the editors say they hope to encompass the whole range of the debate over justice for women in academia and also note how, in filling a conventional journal with pro-feminist material, it might be considered by some that they too are committing an act of transgression.

Leagues of Friends are charities that provide 'personal service to patients' and 'supply hospitals with equipment not likely to come from the budgeting of authorities'. Hundreds continue to exist, and many trace their origins to before the NHS's foundation in 1948. Despite the rich and growing historiographies of voluntarism and the NHS, Leagues have received little attention. This article uses case studies of Leagues in the English West Midlands to show how 'friendship' symbolised the relationship between local NHS institutions and the communities they served. The cases show that voluntarism in British healthcare has not always been based around activism and consumerism, two areas that recent scholarship has rightly highlighted, especially from the 1960s. This allows historians to interrogate the regional and local differences within, ostensibly, a highly centralised national health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional music scenes in Australia face unique challenges tied to distance, deflated economies and youth flight to urban areas. Drawn from seven interviews with music workers from Gippsland during 2020, the article examines these challenges and the cultural practices that glue musicians to this south-eastern region of Victoria. Findings highlight that Gippsland's music scene is sustained at the intersection of two cultural practices: community music enterprise and a do-it-yourself scene centered around the live pub circuit. In addition, locals have banded together to keep the scene alive through the online television program Live at Spectrum and performances at house parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the privately created commemorative practice of getting the official portraits of three former socialist leaders as a tattoo: Nicolae Ceauşescu, Josip Broz Tito, and Josif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Stalin). The mnemonic actors who have indulged in this practice after the 1990s contribute to a culture informed by vernacular memorials that conform to neither the official politics of remembrance and its aesthetics nor its content. Correspondingly, this article focuses on the aesthetic, political, and epistemic intricacies of remembering through the inked body. Unlike memorial tattoos that mark the recognition of a group that has suffered the same trauma, the commemorative tattoos analyzed in this article reflect a centrifugal set of identity concerns, ranging from Yugonostalgia to individualized spaces of self-healing and identity affirmation. The argument put forth is that tattoos can act as vernacular commemorations collected into a body archive of nostalgia for the ontological security of the past and "great leadership." Thus, the overarching question is not how and why people materialize memories through their bodies but rather to what ends the inked body accommodates commemorative representations of former political leaders who are usually depicted in public memory as "unworthy" of commemoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debates over the value and contribution of community hospitals are hampered by a lack of empirical assessment of the experience of patients using these services. This paper presents findings from a study which included a focus on patient and family‐carer experiences of community hospitals in England. We adopted a qualitative design involving nine case study hospitals. Data collection included interviews with patients (n = 60), carers (n = 28) and staff (n = 89). Through patients and carers highlighting the value of community hospitals feeling 'close to home', providing holistic and personalised care and supporting them through difficult transitions, the study confirms the importance of functional and interpersonal aspects of care, while also highlighting the importance of social and psychological aspects. These included having family, friends and the community close, maintaining social connections during periods of hospital treatment, and feeling less anonymous and anxious when attending the hospital due to the high levels of familiarity and connectedness. Although the experiences uncovered in this study were not uniformly positive, patients and carers placed a high overall value on the care provided by community hospitals, often arguing that these were distinctive when compared to their experiences of using other health and care services. The study suggests the need to weigh the full range of these dimensions of patient experience—functional, interpersonal, social and psychological—when assessing the role and contribution of community hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients are routinely advised to follow hip precautions following their total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery. There is lack of evidence regarding compliance with these precautions and when patients return to activities of daily living following their surgery. Materials and methods: We designed a new questionnaire to discover when patients return to their activities of daily living. Two hundred and ninety seven consecutive patients who attended 12 week follow up arthroplasty clinic following their primary elective THA were asked to complete the questionnaire. Results: All patients who attended the follow up clinic at 12 weeks responded to the questionnaire. Only 6.3% (n = 19) of the patients reported that they restricted their daily activities, as prescribed for the full 12 week period, while 50% (n = 148) of patients stopped using prescribed adaptive equipment by 6 weeks after their operation. There were no dislocations recorded among the study group. Conclusion: We found that the majority of patients do not adhere to hip precautions advice. They return to their activities of daily living prior to the end of prescription period based on their pain and activity level. Lack of adherence to hip precautions do not predispose to hip dislocation in the immediate post-operative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence shows that immigrants face several challenges post migration, impacting their social inclusion. Yet, limited scholarly knowledge exists on older immigrants including Tamils from Sri Lanka. Thus, an exploratory concept mapping (CM) study was conducted in 2017 with 27 Tamil immigrant women and men aged ≥55 years and settled in Toronto, Canada. The aim was to gather their perspectives on factors that help them to feel socially included (focal question). The CM methodology first engaged participants in brainstorming sessions to generate ideas in response to the focal question. Participants then joined sorting and rating sessions and sorted 72 generated items and rated them on a scale of 1–5 for importance and feasibility to initiate a change. Finally, in the interpretation session, participants provided feedback on the visual cluster maps generated through quantitative analysis of the collected data. Participants labelled the seven identified clusters: (a) Services for Employment and Settlement; (b) Financial Independence; (c) Medical System and Senior Care; (d) Adaptation and Integration; (e) Family Harmony; (f) Cultural Interaction and Feeling of Security; and (g) Social Interaction. The clusters one to three were at the top for importance (mean 4.33, 4.22, 4.17) and participants interpreted these as needing policy‐level attention (e.g. credential evaluation, hiring practices) and identified the roles of advocacy and community‐engagement for community‐based programmes (CBPs). The Family Harmony was interpreted as needing 'work within families', while CBPs' culturally sensitive outreach was viewed as valuable. Participant interpretation of other clusters highlighted the role of social networking, trust, belonging, civic engagement and social cohesion through joint working of the community members and CBPs. The findings call for an inter‐sectoral and community‐engaged approach to strengthen the social inclusion of the community. Future research with a larger sample is needed, especially on early settlement experiences and social inclusion of older immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public concern for the welfare of animals used in rodeo events is growing. Much of this concern is directed at the event of calf roping, an event that involves chasing, lassoing and throwing a calf to the ground. In all Australian jurisdictions, pain inflicted on animals is subject to a requirement that the pain not be unjustifiable or unnecessary. Typically, pain caused to animals can be justified if it provides human benefit. Legislatures in Australian states and territories have excluded calf roping from this assessment, which to some extent implies that the practice meets the standard. Accordingly, this article utilises the Ford v Wiley1 proportionality test to determine whether the harm inflicted on calves is justified in the light of the purported benefits of the practice. It argues that the harm caused is not proportionate to the benefits and, as a result, that all Australian jurisdictions should explicitly prohibit the practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A memorial tattoo is a tattoo that honors a person who has died. We aimed to understand how memorial tattoos could be an expression of a bereaved person's continuing relationship with the deceased person that the tattoo memorializes. We interviewed 41 people and used qualitative description grounded in a symbolic interactionist framework to analyze the transcripts. This research expands on continuing bonds theory by showing that memorial tattoos are an expression of the bond with the deceased as well as a way to communicate with others about their ongoing connection and to challenge stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing numbers of trauma survivors have chosen to cope with their ongoing invisible wounds through tattooing their bodies. This phenomenon includes individuals as well as organized and documented projects held in public spaces. The topic of body modification through tattoos has benefited from an explosion in academic interest; however, there has been little scholarly attention directed at examining how tattoo practices may be understood as a means of coping with trauma within a contemporary cultural context. While drawing on psychological and cultural studies' perspectives we explored the meanings attributed to tattoos by trauma survivors. Analyzing documented personal accounts of tattooed survivors in different countries, we illustrated how being tattooed appears to be a personal way of coping with trauma as well as a cultural practice of meaning making. The meanings attributed by trauma survivors' included: exposing their trauma for recognition, witnessing, meaningfulness of the tattoo, connection, control, and transformation. The meaning-making process appears to be continuous and dynamic, shaped by psychological responses, social interactions, and cultural narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Chitons have a distinctive armature of eight articulating dorsal shells. In all living species, the shell valves are covered by a dense array of sensory pores called aesthetes; but in some taxa, a subset of these are elaborated into lensed eyes, which are capable of spatial vision. We collected a complete ontogenetic series of the eyed chiton Tonicia lebruni de Rochebrune, 1884 to examine the growth of this visual network and found that it expands continuously as eyes are added at the margin during shell growth. Our dataset ranged from a 2.58-mm juvenile with only 16 eyes to adults of 25–31 mm with up to 557 eyes each. This allowed us to investigate the organization (and potential constraints therein) of these sensory structures and their development. Chiton eyes are constrained to a narrowly defined region of the shell, and data from T. lebruni indicate that they are arranged roughly bilaterally symmetrically. We found deviations from symmetry of up to 10%, similar to irregularity reported in some other animals with multiplied eyes. Distances separating successive eyes indicate that, while shell growth slows during the life of an individual chiton, eyes are generated at regular time intervals. Although we could not identify a specific eye-producing tissue or organ, we propose that the generation of new eyes is controlled by a clock-like mechanism with a stable periodicity. The apparent regularity and organization of the chiton visual system are far greater than previously appreciated. This does not imply the integration of shell eyes to form composite images, but symmetry and regular organization could be equally beneficial to a highly duplicated system by ensuring even and comprehensive sampling of the total field of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on regional and rural popular music scenes focuses on a number of issues and challenges confronting such scenes. These include venues, work and employment, regional sensitivity to boom-and-bust scenarios in local heavy industries, tourism and leisure, and out-migration. To date, however, there has been very little critical examination of what precisely is meant by the terms "regional" or "rural" in relation to music scenes. This article considers some of the complex issues at play in the defining and enacting of region and a regional sense of place in the context of regional and rural popular music scenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article lists the non-board expert referees who reviewed papers of the periodical including Pamela Abbott of University of Aberdeen, Necla Acik of University of Manchester, and Laura Adler of Harvard University.

We present a dataset that quantifies body shape in three dimensions across the teleost phylogeny. Built by a team of researchers measuring easy-to-identify, functionally relevant traits on specimens at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History it contains data on 16,609 specimens from 6144 species across 394 families. Using phylogenetic comparative methods to analyze the dataset we describe the teleostean body shape morphospace and identify families with extraordinary rates of morphological evolution. Using log shape ratios, our preferred method of body-size correction, revealed that fish width is the primary axis of morphological evolution across teleosts, describing a continuum from narrow-bodied laterally compressed flatfishes to wide-bodied dorsoventrally flattened anglerfishes. Elongation is the secondary axis of morphological variation and occurs within the more narrow-bodied forms. This result highlights the importance of collecting shape on three dimensions when working across teleosts. Our analyses also uncovered the fastest rates of shape evolution within a clade formed by notothenioids and scorpaeniforms, which primarily thrive in cold waters and/or have benthic habits, along with freshwater elephantfishes, which as their name suggests, have a novel head and body shape. This unprecedented dataset of teleostean body shapes will enable the investigation of the factors that regulate shape diversification. Biomechanical principles, which relate body shape to performance and ecology, are one promising avenue for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss strategies to promote the inclusion of people with developmental disabilities (DDs) in qualitative community-based research studies. Strategies were applied in three projects conducted between 2012 and 2017 that addressed issues of socioeconomic challenges, discrimination, and exclusion of children and young adults with developmental disabilities (YADD). Strategies included partnership with community organizations; inclusion of YADD, family caregivers (FCs), and service providers in advisory committees (ACs); and strategies to accommodate YADD. As part of our contribution, we discuss issues of invisibility and exclusion of individuals with DDs who have "low" functioning capacities. There is a need to review studies sampling inclusion criteria as they may constitute a barrier for participation. Preference for sampling "high" functioning individuals may reinforce exclusion in research, and replicate broader patterns of socioeconomic exclusion of individuals with disabilities. Our discussion of inclusive research is informed by critical disability studies and the underlying principle "nothing about us without us." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: GPs were a key driving force for the development of a network of community hospitals across England, and have provided medical cover for most of them. However, during the past decade there has been a significant shift, with the dominant trend appearing to be one of declining GP involvement.Aim: To explore how and why the role of GPs within community hospitals in England is changing.Design and Setting: Qualitative study in a sample of nine diverse community hospitals in England.Method: Qualitative interviews with community hospital clinical staff.Results: In all, 20 interviews were conducted and two models of medical care observed: GPs employed by a practice and trust-employed doctors. Interviewees confirmed the trend towards declining GP involvement, with the factors driving change identified as being GP workload and recruitment challenges, a change from 'step-up' admissions from the community to 'step-down' admissions from acute hospitals, fewer local patients being admitted, increased medical acuity of patients admitted, increased burden of medical support required, and inadequate remuneration. The majority of doctors viewed community hospital work in a positive light, welcoming the opportunities for personal development and to acquire new clinical skills. GPs viewed community hospital work as an extension of primary care, adding to job satisfaction.Conclusion: Multiple factors have driven changes in the role of GP community hospital clinicians. The NHS needs to develop a focused strategy if GPs are to remain engaged with community hospital work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sophie Daull’s Camille, mon envolée (2015) is an autobiographical depiction of the sudden and traumatic loss of an only daughter (Camille) due to an undetected fatal bacterial infection. It is recounted uniquely from the maternal point of view and directly addresses the daughter throughout. It concerns an incredibly recent bereavement as the writing of the text, the author tells us, commences just one week after the daughter’s death. Camille, mon envolée is a markedly intimate and brutally honest account of a mother who is an active witness to and, one could argue, participant in her daughter’s agonizing death scene. The text captures the sense of powerlessness that is experienced by the mother, the incomprehensibility of the loss, the self-blame, and, finally, the coming to terms with it and the learning to live on, not without guilt, however. It also offers insight into maternal motivation for writing such a text, ranging from a quest for understanding and an outlet for grief, to a desire to preserve the daughter’s memory. Furthermore, through close examination of the physical, psychological and social impact of the death of a child on mother figure subjectivity, Camille mon envolée successfully traces out for the reader the very specific characteristics of maternal bereavement and its overwhelmingly embodied nature. Finally, the text represents an engagement on the part of the grieving mother with what has been termed ‘scriptotherapy’ in a bid to negotiate this trauma and find a means, not only of remembering the daughter, but also of surviving the tragedy. In this respect, Camille, mon envolée is a text of resistance, where the unthinkable is confronted and the untellable bravely told. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canada is one of the world's largest petrostates, owing to large shale oil deposits, also known as tar sands, which can be found within its borders. In recent decades, as the price of crude oil has increased dramatically, corporations and the Canadian state have worked together to open the oil deposits in Northern Canada for extraction and transportation. Despite a stated commitment to environmental sustainability by the United States and Canadian governments, both have endorsed tar sands extraction and transport. Government and corporate entities have tried to reframe tar sands as "ethical oil," yet all steps in the process involved pose tremendous ecological, social, economic, and cultural threats to First Nations communities in Canada, landowners in the Midwest and Texas, local ecosystems, and the global climate. This practice is part of a long-standing pattern of appropriating and using public and First Nations land for economic development. We argue that tar sands production on First Nations land is a practice of resource colonialism: the theft and appropriation of land belonging to indigenous people in order to access natural resources. By branding tar sands as "ethical oil" and labeling production companies as "sustainable," the public and private sectors bound up in the extractive economy claim to provide an essential public service while misdirecting attention away from acts of colonialism that make these resources available. In this article, we examine the ways in which corporate and state entities use the discourse of sustainability as a cover for continued resource colonialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Film and sound recordings are a ubiquitous part of the antenatal preparation courses that serve as a rite of passage to parenthood in Western Europe and North America. This article analyses a sample of these didactic tools used in classes from the 1950s to the 1980s, the heyday of the natural childbirth movement. These audio-visual artefacts both reflected and conditioned expectations for women's behaviour during labour and birth through their representation of pain. They demonstrate changing norms in the role of the father, but show how physician authority-- and male authority more broadly--remained largely unchallenged. Two phases are discernable in these sources. From the 1950s through the mid-1960s, natural childbirth was presented as essentially painless. From the late 1960s through the 1980s, pain and effort in labour and birth found graphic representation on the screen, reflecting a shift in what was considered a desirable birth experience and what natural childbirth preparation could accomplish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editors discuss various reports within the issue on topics including the creative responses to a traumatic loss, the use of creative arts to support bereaved adults and the creative practices following bereavement.

We present findings of a qualitative study exploring what constitutes relevant health promotion initiatives for immigrant mothers of children with developmental disabilities. We apply a social ecological approach, with a focus on gender-specific and transformative health promotion, to examine factors impacting mothers' health and wellbeing. Twenty-eight semi-structured and open-ended interviews were conducted with immigrant mothers in the greater Toronto area, Canada. Mothers identified facilitators, challenges, and strategies for their health promotion, providing relevant insights for meaningful intervention. Our findings show that immigrant mothers' health is influenced by intersecting social determinants of health, including migration status, gender, and disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic pollution is becoming an increasing issue for wildlife throughout the world. Even remote areas with relatively little human activity are affected. The Falkland Islands are a South Atlantic archipelago with a small human population (<3000), mostly concentrated in one town, Stanley. One hundred regurgitated pellets from turkey vultures ( Cathartes aura) were collected in Stanley in July and August 2015 to investigate the diet and amount of anthropogenic debris (human-made artificial products) ingested. The frequency of occurrence of anthropogenic debris was 58 % of pellets for plastic, 25 % for glass, 23 % for paper, 21 % for aluminium and 3 % for fabric. Aside from anthropogenic debris, the majority of pellets were made of sheep wool (on average 29 % of the volume), feathers (19 %) and vegetation (18 %). On average, when present, anthropogenic debris corresponded to 16.1 % of the mass of each pellet, equivalent to 1.6 g. The turkey vultures are known to feed in the open-air rubbish dump near the town. This study highlights that they ingest significant amounts of anthropogenic debris. Further investigations should be undertaken to monitor and identify potential health effects. Other birds also use the dump and may be affected. Even in such remote sparsely populated islands, pollution may be a significant issue. Rubbish management could be put in place to limit birds from feeding at the dumps. A low human population density may not indicate low pollution impacts on wildlife and the environment and should be investigated further in the Falkland Islands and at other remote islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]