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Abstract Background Anesthesia can lead to functional cognitive impairment, which can seriously affect postoperative recovery. To investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin (Que) in anesthetized rats, the study provided a new therapeutic idea for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction caused by anesthesia. Methods Cognitively impaired rats were constructed using Isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia and treated with Que. The capacity of the rats to learn and remember was tested using the Morris water maze test. Rat hippocampal tissues were collected and analyzed for inflammatory factor concentration and miR-138-5p expression using ELISA and qRT-PCR, respectively, and the targeting link between miR-138-5p and LCN2 was verified by dual luciferase reporter. Results Que treatment was found to improve ISO-induced cognitive dysfunction and inhibit the level of hippocampal inflammatory factors in rats. miR-138-5p was down-regulated in rats with cognitive dysfunction, while Que treatment increased miR-138-5p expression. The study found that knockdown miR-138-5p can reverse the positive effects of Que therapy, aggravate cognitive dysfunction, and promote the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the hippocampus. In addition, LCN2, a target gene of miR-138-5p, was significantly up-regulated in the hippocampus after ISO induction. Conclusion Que may inhibit ISO-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation and ameliorate functional cognitive deficits in rats by modulating miR-138-5p/ LCN2.

Abstract Wear is a common issue in the operation of emulsion pumps. When it becomes severe, it can lead to machine downtime and economic losses. This paper aims to investigate the wear phenomenon on the slideway of emulsion pumps using Archard’s wear model and the finite element method. The fretting friction and wear experiment was used to calibrate the parameters of the numerical model. Based on the established numerical model, a parametric analysis is conducted on the slideway experiencing the most severe wear. It is observed that the wear amount initially increases and then decreases as the crankshaft speed increases. Furthermore, a smaller clearance between the slide and the slider results in a reduced wear amount on the slideway. This study presents an effective numerical simulation method for studying the wear of emulsion pumps.

Abstract Emulsion pump station is widely used to provide power for full-mechanized coal mining face equipment. With the development of the mining technique of longwall face and the extensive use of large mining height and high working resistance of the hydraulic support, the fluid supply pressure is more unstable and the pressure impact is increasingly intensified. The intelligent control of the emulsion pump station is the key to the development of the stable fluid supply technology at the working face. This paper develops a new on-line adaptive learning technique to improve the response speed of pumping station based on the optimal control algorithm of adaptive dynamic programming (ADP). The state space model of the working face fluid supply system in the process of no-load column lifting of hydraulic support is first established using the flow relationship, and the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is then verified by simulation validation. Moreover, combined with a certain fluid supply system of a fully mechanized caving face in Shandong Energy Xinwen Group XinJulong Co., Ltd, a technical scheme of adaptive stable fluid supply is verified in engineering practice. The results indicate that the fluid supply system using the proposed control algorithm has a favorable tracking effect on the ideal trajectory, and the tracking error can converge to near zero. The output pressure of the fluid supply system using the stable fluid supply technology is more stable, and the practical effect is good, which meets the demand of stable fluid supply in the mining face.

Purpose To evaluate the value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combined with high-resolution CT (HRCT) in determining the degree of differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods From January 2018 to January 2022, 88 patients with solid density nodules that are lung adenocarcinoma were surgically treated. All patients were examined using HRCT and PET/CT before surgery. During HRCT, two independent observers assessed the presence of lobulation, spiculation, pleural indentation, vascular convergence, and air bronchial signs (bronchial distortion and bronchial disruption). The diameter and CT value of the nodules were measured simultaneously. During PET/CT, the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), mean standard uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of the nodules were measured. The risk factors of pathological classification were predicted by logistic regression analysis. Results All 88 patients (mean age 60 ± 8 years; 44 males and 44 females) were evaluated. The average nodule size was 2.6 ± 1.1 cm. The univariate analysis showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), pleural indentation, vascular convergence, bronchial distortion, and higher SUVmax were more common in poor differentiated lung adenocarcinoma, and in the multivariate analysis, pleural indentation, vascular convergence, and SUVmax were predictive factors. The combined diagnosis using these three factors showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.735. Conclusion SUVmax >6.99 combined with HRCT (pleural indentation sign and vascular convergence sign) is helpful to predict the differentiation degree of lung adenocarcinoma dominated by solid density.

Due to the construction of ultra-high voltage transmission lines, the lines will inevitably pass through residential areas. The power frequency magnetic field created by transmission lines will affect the location and design of transmission lines, as well as people’s health. In this paper, the intelligent optimization algorithm is used to optimize the Simulation Current Method (SCM) and study the magnetic field distribution under the transmission line. Firstly, the actual three-dimensional shape of the transmission line is considered in this optimized simulation current method (OSCM). Secondly, we combined the magnetic position error with the magnetic field error to construct the fitness function, and we used the algorithm to optimize position and number of simulated currents. Finally, the finite element method (FEM) is used to verify the calculation results. We calculate a 500 kV 3-D transmission line model and verify that the optimized SCM can reduce the calculation effort and ensure the accuracy of the calculation. In addition, the OSCM solves the problem that the number and location of the simulated current can only be determined empirically. On the one hand, the actual physical shape of the transmission line is considered, which makes the calculation precision higher; on the other hand, the calculation time is much lower than that of FEM. At the same time, it provides a theoretical basis for the magnetic field distribution of transmission lines and has a theoretical guiding significance for the construction of high-voltage transmission lines.

CYP46A1 is a brain-specific enzyme responsible for cholesterol homeostasis. Inhibition of CYP46A1 activity serves as a therapeutic target for excitatory neurotoxicity. Sesame is a common medicine and food resource; its component lignans possess various pharmacological activities. In this study, the inhibitory effects of sesame lignans on CYP46A1 activity were investigated. Inhibition kinetics analyses revealed that sesamin and sesamolin produce mixed partial competitive inhibition of CYP46A1, while sesamol produces non-competitive inhibition. Notably, molecular simulations revealed that the sesame lignans have excellent orientations within the active cavity of CYP46A1. Importantly, the sesame lignans had high permeability coefficients and low efflux ratios. Furthermore, sesamin significantly reduced the levels of 24S-hydroxycholesterol in rat plasma and brain tissues, and down-regulated the protein expressions of CYP46A1, NMDAR2A, NMDAR2B, and HMGCR. Collectively, sesame lignans exhibit significant inhibitory effects on CYP46A1 activity, highlighting their potential therapeutic role in treating excitatory neurotoxicity.

Cancer patients generally has a high risk of thrombotic diseases. However, anticoagulant therapy always aggravates bleeding risks. Rivaroxaban is one of the most widely used direct oral anticoagulants, which is used as anticoagulant treatment or prophylaxis in clinical practice. The present study aimed to systemically estimate the combination safety of rivaroxaban with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) based on human cytochrome P450 (CYPs) and efflux transporters and to explore the drug–drug interaction (DDI) mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments and in vitro enzyme incubation assays and bidirectional transport studies were conducted. Imatinib significantly increased the rivaroxaban Cmax value by 90.43% (p < 0.05) and the area under the curve value by 119.96% (p < 0.01) by inhibiting CYP2J2- and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)- and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux transportation in the absorption phase. In contrast, the combination of sunitinib with rivaroxaban reduced the exposure in vivo by 62.32% (p < 0.05) and the Cmax value by 72.56% (p < 0.05). In addition, gefitinib potently inhibited CYP2J2- and CYP3A4-mediated rivaroxaban metabolism with Ki values of 2.99 μΜ and 4.91 μΜ, respectively; however, it almost did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rivaroxaban in vivo. Taken together, clinically significant DDIs were observed in the combinations of rivaroxaban with imatinib and sunitinib. Imatinib increased the bleeding risks of rivaroxaban, while sunitinib had a risk of reducing therapy efficiency. Therefore, more attention should be paid to aviod harmful DDIs in the combinations of rivaroxaban with TKIs.

In order to comprehensively analyze the adaptability of four-leg hydraulic support with large mining height under impact dynamic load, this paper adopts HyperMesh software to conduct a flexible pretreatment for the top beam, shield beam, and front and rear rods. The numerical simulation model of four-leg hydraulic support is established with ADAMS, where variable stiffness spring is used to replace columns to simulate their elastic characteristics. Building on analysis of the specific parameters of the support, this paper attempts to study the adaptability of the hydraulic support with impact dynamic load acting on the top beam. Additionally, the impact coefficient I and the excitation coefficient E have been introduced to transform the analysis results and optimize the evaluation method of the response degree of the top beam under impact load. Consequently, the response characteristics of the columns and pins at the hinged joints under various coupling states of the surrounding rock are found. Meanwhile, the paper has made a detailed comparison on the stress state of hydraulic support with different impact loads acting on the top beam. The adaptability change rule of the impact dynamic load under various impact conditions has been explored, which is of great significance to the optimization and strength design of four-leg hydraulic support with large mining height.

DC standard resistance is widely used in precision measurement, verification, traceability and other fields due to its high accuracy and good stability. First-class resistance standard has used to measure it based on the bridge turn equilibrium principle. According to JJF1059.1–2012 Evaluation and expression of uncertainty in measurement, the uncertainty of measurement results has been evaluated on uncertainty of the transfer standard, the basic error, sensitivity, load power, tank temperature, thermoelectric power and staff. This paper analyzes the uncertainty of the measurement results which will useful to measurement uncertainty assessment of standard resistance in future testing work.

The study objective was to retrospectively analyze the metabolic variables derived from 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced lung adenocarcinoma stratified by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status. A total of 176 patients (91, EGFR mutation; 85, wild-type EGFR) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were enrolled. The main 18F-FDG PET/CT-derived variables: primary tumor maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmaxT), primary tumor total lesion glycolysis (TLGT), the maximum SUVmax of all selected lesions in whole body determined using the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria (SUVmaxWBR), and whole-body total TLG determined using the RECIST 1.1 criteria (TLGWBR) were measured. Survival analysis regarding TLGWBR, and other factors in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients stratified using EGFR mutation status, were evaluated. The results indicated that high TLGWBR (≥259.85), EGFR wild-type, and high serum LDH were independent predictors of worse PFS and OS in all patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Among patients with wild-type EGFR, only TLGWBR retained significance as an independent predictor of both PFS and OS. Among patients with the EGFR mutation, high serum LDH level was an independent predictor of worse PFS and OS, and high TLGWBR (≥259.85) was an independent predictor of worse PFS but not worse OS. In conclusion, TLGWBR is a promising parameter for prognostic stratification of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and EGFR status; however, it cannot be used to further stratify the risk of worse OS for patients with the EGFR mutation. Further prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.

In order to explore the tribological behavior of slipper/eccentric cam tribopairs under different lubrication conditions at power ends of water hydraulic radial piston pumps, friction-wear tests were carried out. It is found that tribopairs under water-based lubrication exhibited better friction-reducing performances than those under water lubrication alone. The average steady-state friction coefficient under water-based lubrication was between 0.17 and 0.23. HMn62-3-3-0.7/17-4PH tribopair using water-based lubrication exhibited the lowest wear rate of 1.1 · 10-12mm3/N·m. The findings of this study offer a reference for the identification of potential material pairs for slipper/eccentric cam tribopairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To evaluate the value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combined with high-resolution CT (HRCT) in determining the degree of differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods. From January 2018 to January 2022, 88 patients with solid density nodules that are lung adenocarcinoma were surgically treated. All patients were examined using HRCT and PET/CT before surgery. During HRCT, two independent observers assessed the presence of lobulation, spiculation, pleural indentation, vascular convergence, and air bronchial signs (bronchial distortion and bronchial disruption). The diameter and CT value of the nodules were measured simultaneously. During PET/CT, the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), mean standard uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of the nodules were measured. The risk factors of pathological classification were predicted by logistic regression analysis. Results. All 88 patients (mean age 60 ± 8 years; 44 males and 44 females) were evaluated. The average nodule size was 2.6 ± 1.1 cm. The univariate analysis showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), pleural indentation, vascular convergence, bronchial distortion, and higher SUVmax were more common in poor differentiated lung adenocarcinoma, and in the multivariate analysis, pleural indentation, vascular convergence, and SUVmax were predictive factors. The combined diagnosis using these three factors showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.735. Conclusion. SUVmax >6.99 combined with HRCT (pleural indentation sign and vascular convergence sign) is helpful to predict the differentiation degree of lung adenocarcinoma dominated by solid density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study of wear behavior of tribo-pairs in reciprocating pumps, the tribo-pairs can be considered as contact pairs consisting of a disc and pin. In this paper, pin-on-disc wear tests were carried out by using two types of cast iron pin specimens with different materials. Additionally, the effects of the lubrication condition, test load, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating and plateau honing cross-hatch pattern on wear behavior of the tribo-pairs were investigated. Experimental results based on surface topography analysis and scanning electron micrograph (SEM) analysis show that the lubricant and DLC coating have a positive effect on wear resistance of test specimens. Disc specimens of three material types (i.e. ISO 185/JL/250, tin-bronze, zirconia) are able to show good anti-wear behavior. The tribo-pairs composed of spheroidal graphite cast irons as well as implementation of the plateau honing cross hatch on disc specimens have no significant effect on the wear resistance. The Archard model was used to estimate abrasive wear under dry conditions, which was over-predicted compared to the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer patients generally has a high risk of thrombotic diseases. However, anticoagulant therapy always aggravates bleeding risks. Rivaroxaban is one of the most widely used direct oral anticoagulants, which is used as anticoagulant treatment or prophylaxis in clinical practice. The present study aimed to systemically estimate the combination safety of rivaroxaban with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) based on human cytochrome P450 (CYPs) and efflux transporters and to explore the drug–drug interaction (DDI) mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments and in vitro enzyme incubation assays and bidirectional transport studies were conducted. Imatinib significantly increased the rivaroxaban Cmax value by 90.43% (p < 0.05) and the area under the curve value by 119.96% (p < 0.01) by inhibiting CYP2J2- and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)- and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux transportation in the absorption phase. In contrast, the combination of sunitinib with rivaroxaban reduced the exposure in vivo by 62.32% (p < 0.05) and the Cmax value by 72.56% (p < 0.05). In addition, gefitinib potently inhibited CYP2J2- and CYP3A4- mediated rivaroxaban metabolism with Ki values of 2.99 μM and 4.91 μM, respectively; however, it almost did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rivaroxaban in vivo. Taken together, clinically significant DDIs were observed in the combinations of rivaroxaban with imatinib and sunitinib. Imatinib increased the bleeding risks of rivaroxaban, while sunitinib had a risk of reducing therapy efficiency. Therefore, more attention should be paid to aviod harmful DDIs in the combinations of rivaroxaban with TKIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A number of anesthetics have protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, including desflurane. But the function and molecular mechanism of desflurane in liver I/R injury have not been fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of desflurane on liver I/R injury and further investigated the molecular mechanisms involving in miR-135b-5p. Methods: The models of liver I/R injury in rats were established, and received desflurane treatment throughout the injury. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were measured and compared between groups. H/R-induced cell model in L02 was established, and were treated with desflurane before hypoxia. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of miR-135b-5p in different groups. The cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry assay. Western blot was used for the measurement of protein levels. Results: I/R significantly increased serum levels of ALT and AST in rats, which were reversed by desflurane treatment. Desflurane also significantly attenuated the increase of cell apoptosis induced by I/R in both vivo and vitro. MiR-135b-5p significantly reversed the protective effect of desflurane against liver I/R injury. Additionally, Janus protein tyrosine kinase (JAK)2 was shown to be a target gene of miR-135b-5p, and miR-135b-5p overexpression significantly decreased the protein levels of p-JAK2, JAK2, p-STAT3. Conclusion: Desflurane attenuated liver I/R injury through regulating miR-135b-5p, and JAK2 was the target gene of mIR-135b-5p. These findings provide references for further development of therapeutic strategies in liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the construction of a 31.4- to 33.1-m-deep subway station in Shanghai, China. This underground transit project was complicated further by the in situ hydrogeological condition, congested construction environment, and additional side-by-side deep excavations for other underground facilities. To protect the urban environment, challenges of this project, including potential risks, were evaluated in advance, and corresponding countermeasures to cope with potential risks were considered in the design and construction. To achieve the best project performance and verify design and construction considerations, a long-term field instrumentation program that lasted from May 2012 to April 2016 was implemented to monitor performance of the subway station pit and the adjacent ground and superstructures. Field data revealed that displacements of earth-retaining structures and the ground were within the local deformation control criteria. With the exception of a local leaking accident, no through-wall-seepage flow, piping, sand boiling, soil flow, rupture of pit base, or hydraulic uplifting of basal soils took place during the construction. The monitored cumulative settlements of adjacent buildings exceeded the specified criterion, but most buildings underwent only rigid tilt settlements and were rarely damaged. Experiences and lessons learned from this project will be useful for future design and construction of deeply buried infrastructures in densely populated cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]