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1. Histological and molecular biology diagnosis of neurocysticercosis in a patient without history of travel to endemic areas – Case report

Author

L’Ollivier C., González L.M., Gárate T., Martin L., Martha B., Duong M., Huerre M., Cuisenier B., Harrison L.J.S., Dalle F., and Bonnin A.

Subjects
neurocysticercosis, Taenia solium, histology, molecular biology, French patient, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: in endemic areas, neurocysticercosis appears mainly as a single, large, spherical and non-enhancing intracranial cyst. Case presentation: an atypical case of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in a French Caucasian, without history of travel to endemic areas, was confirmed by histology and molecular speciation. Imaging was atypical, showing several hook-bearing scolices visible in the cyst, while the serology employed was non-contributary. Conclusions: NCC should be considered when multiple taeniid scolices are observed within the same cystic lesion.

Published
2012
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5. Preferential expression of domain cassettes 4, 8 and 13 of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 in severe malaria imported in France

Author

Argy, S, Bertin, S, Milet, S, Hubert, P., Clain, S., Cojean, S., Houze, S., Tuikue-Ndam, S, Kendjo, P, Deloron, S, Argy, N., Bertin, G., Milet, J., Hubert, V., Clain, J., Houzé, P., Tuikue-Ndam, N., Kendjo, E., Deloron, P., Matheron, S., Casalino, E., Wolff, M., Delaval, A., Agnamey, P., Durand, R., Pilo, E., Rapp, C., Faucher, F., Cuisenier, B., Poilane, I., Bemba, D., Roide, A., Debourgogne, A., Thibault, M., Toubas, D., Patoz, P., De Gentile, L., Pons, D., Hurst, P., Lohmann, C., Bigel, M., Godineau, N., Thouvenin, M., Dunand, J., Ait-Ammar, N., Angoulvant, A., Dahane, N., Lefevre, M., Murat, B., Garnaud, C., Dannaoui, E., Botterel, F., Dutoit, E., Dardé, M., Ichou, H., Branger, C., Penn, P., Angebault, C., Morio, F., Bret, L., Thellier, M., Mouri, O., Cateau, E., Siriez, J.Y., Fenneteau, O., Revest, M., Belaz, S., Belkadi, G., Hamane, S., Bretagne, S., Aboubacar, A., Leloup, G., Develoux, M., Lapillonne, H., Eloy, O., Nevez, G., Raffenot, D., Buret, B., Desoubeaux, G., Goepp, A., Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Alltech France, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parasitology department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Matrice extracellulaire et dynamique cellulaire - UMR 7369 (MEDyC), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EA 2594 LBCM, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), CHU Tenon [APHP], Service d'anatomie pathologique [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Thérapeutique Recombinante Expérimentale (TIMC-IMAG-TheREx), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie (Parasito - Myco - LILLE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes (EEM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IICiMed - EA 1155, Université de Nantes (UN)-UFR Sciences et Techniques [Université de Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques [Université de Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN), Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe hospitalier Pitié- Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Service de parasitologie - mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie de l'Eau (MDE), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Tours, Institut de veille sanitaire, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Paris (UP), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes (SIMPA), Université de Lorraine (UL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thérapeutique Recombinante Expérimentale [?-2015] (TIMC-TheREx [?-2015]), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 [2011-2015] (TIMC [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMAG-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMAG-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, Plasmodium falciparum, Protozoan Proteins, DC4, Context (language use), Domain cassette, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Group A, Severity of Illness Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Severe malaria, 0302 clinical medicine, DC8, Gene expression, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Imported malaria, Var gene, Malaria, Falciparum, DC13, Gene, Genetics, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, General Medicine, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, 3. Good health, Erythrocyte membrane, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, biology.protein, Female, France, Antibody, Malaria, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; Objectives - Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria (SM) involves cytoadhesion of parasitized red blood cells, mediated by P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1, which is encoded by var genes. Expression of var gene group A and B or encoding domain cassettes DC4, DC5, DC8 and DC13 has been implicated in SM in African children, but no data exist in the context of imported malaria. The aim of this study was to investigate var gene expression linked to clinical presentation and host factors in SM imported into France. Methods - Expression level of var gene groups A, B, C, var1, var2csa, var3 and var genes encoding DC4, DC5, DC8 and DC13 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and expressed in transcript units. Seventy SM and 48 uncomplicated malaria (UM) P. falciparum cases were analysed according to disease severity, epidemiological characteristics (migrants or travellers) and anti-P. falciparum antibodies. Cluster analysis was performed to identify gene expression profiles. Results - Var1 and B/C expression were higher in UM than SM (0.66 (0-1.1) and 1.88 (1.3-2.4); p

Published
2017
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7. Longitudinal study assessing the return of chloroquine susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from travellers returning from West and Central Africa, 2000-2011

Author

Gharbi, M, Flegg, JA, Hubert, V, Kendjo, E, Metcalf, JE, Bertaux, L, Guérin, PJ, Le Bras, J, Members of the French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study, Aboubaca, A, Agnamey, P, Angoulvant, A, Barbut, P, Basset, D, Belkadi, G, Bellanger, AP, Bemba, D, Benoit-Vica, F, Berry, A, Bigel, ML, Bonhomme, J, Botterel, F, Bouchaud, O, Bougnoux, ME, Bourée, P, Bourgeois, N, Branger, C, Bret, L, Buret, B, Casalino, E, Chevrier, S, Conquere de Monbrison, F, Cuisenier, B, Danis, M, Darde, ML, De Gentile, L, Delarbre, JM, Delaunay, P, Delaval, A, Desoubeaux, G, Develoux, M, Dunand, J, Durand, R, Eloy, O, Fauchet, N, Faugere, B, Faye, A, Fenneteau, O, Flori, P, Fontrouge, M, Garabedian, C, Gayandrieu, F, Godineau, N, Houzé, P, Houzé, S, Hurst, JP, Ichou, H, Lachaud, L, Lebuisson, A, Lefevre, M, LeGuern, AS, Le Moal, G, Lusina, D, Machouart, MC, Malvy, D, Matheron, S, Maubon, D, Mechali, D, Megarbane, B, Menard, G, Millon, L, Aiach, MM, Minodier, P, Morelle, C, Nevez, G, Parola, P, Parzy, D, Patey, O, Patoz, P, Penn, P, Perignon, A, Picot, S, Pilo, JE, Poilane, I, Pons, D, Poupart, M, Pradines, B, Raffenot, D, Rapp, C, Receveur, MC, Sarfati, C, Senghor, Y, Simon, F, Siriez, JY, Taudon, N, Thellier, M, Thouvenin, M, Toubas, D, Faculté de Pharmacie, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, WWARN, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales ( MERIT - UMR_D 216 ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford [Oxford], Service de Parasitologie Mycologie [Bichat- Claude Bernard], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ( CNR ), Service de parasitologie - mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques ( IP-TPT ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Service de Santé des Armées-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), This study was supported in part by a grant for doctoral studies to M Gharbi from the Doctoral Network of the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique, Rennes, France and a grant for CNRpaludisme from Institut national de Veille Sanitaire, St Maurice, France., Members of the French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), University of Oxford, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), BMC, Ed., Service de Parasitologie - Mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Male, Veterinary medicine, Resistance, Drug Resistance, Drug resistance, 0302 clinical medicine, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, 1108 Medical Microbiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Chloroquine, Longitudinal Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Malaria, Falciparum, Child, Aged, 80 and over, Travel, Central Africa, Mefloquine, pfcrt76, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Africa, Western, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, In vitro, medicine.drug, Adult, Travellers, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, Genotype, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, Plasmodium falciparum, Biology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Antimalarials, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Tropical Medicine, parasitic diseases, West Africa, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Africa, Central, Aged, Molecular epidemiology, Research, Members of the French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study, Infant, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Malaria, Parasitology, Tropical medicine
Abstract

Background Chloroquine (CQ) was the main malaria therapy worldwide from the 1940s until the 1990s. Following the emergence of CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, most African countries discontinued the use of CQ, and now promote artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment. This change was generally initiated during the last decade in West and Central Africa. The aim of this study is to describe the changes in CQ susceptibility in this African region, using travellers returning from this region as a sentinel system. Methods The study was conducted by the Malaria National Reference Centre, France. The database collated the pfcrtK76T molecular marker for CQ susceptibility and the in vitro response to CQ of parasites from travellers’ isolates returning from Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast or Cameroon. As a proxy of drug pressure, data regarding CQ intake in febrile children were collated for the study period. Logistic regression models were used to detect trends in the proportions of CQ resistant isolates. Results A total of 2874 parasite isolates were genotyped between 2000–2011. The prevalence of the pfcrt76T mutant genotype significantly decreased for Senegal (from 78% to 47%), Ivory Coast (from 63% to 37%), Cameroon (from 90% to 59%) and remained stable for Mali. The geometric mean of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CQ in vitro susceptibility and the proportion of resistant isolates (defining resistance as an IC50 value > 100 nM) significantly decreased for Senegal (from 86 nM (59%) to 39 nM (25%)), Mali (from 84 nM (50%) to 51 nM (31%)), Ivory Coast (from 75 nM (59%) to 29 nM (16%)) and Cameroon (from 181 nM (75%) to 51 nM (37%)). Both analyses (molecular and in vitro susceptibility) were performed for the 2004–2011 period, after the four countries had officially discontinued CQ and showed an accelerated decline of the resistant isolates for the four countries. Meanwhile, CQ use among children significantly deceased in this region (fixed effects slope = −0.3, p -3). Conclusions An increase in CQ susceptibility following official withdrawal of the drug was observed in travellers returning from West and Central African countries. The same trends were observed for molecular and in vitro analysis between 2004-2011and they correlated to the decrease of the drug pressure.

Published
2013
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8. Preferential expression of domain cassettes 4, 8 and 13 of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 in severe malaria imported in France

Author

Matheron, S., Casalino, E., Wolff, M., Delaval, A., Agnamey, P., Durand, R., Pilo, J.E., Rapp, C., Faucher, J.F., Cuisenier, B., Poilane, I., Bemba, D., Roide, A., Debourgogne, A., Thibault, M., Toubas, D., Patoz, P., De Gentile, L., Pons, D., Hurst, J.P., Lohmann, C., Bigel, M.L., Godineau, N., Thouvenin, M., Dunand, J., Ait-Ammar, N., Angoulvant, A., Dahane, N., Lefevre, M., Murat, J.B., Garnaud, C., Dannaoui, E., Botterel, F., Dutoit, E., Dardé, M.L., Ichou, H., Branger, C., Penn, P., Angebault, C., Morio, F., Bret, L., Thellier, M., Mouri, O., Cateau, E., Siriez, J.Y., Fenneteau, O., Revest, M., Belaz, S., Belkadi, G., Hamane, S., Bretagne, S., Aboubacar, A., Leloup, G., Develoux, M., Lapillonne, H., Eloy, O., Nevez, G., Raffenot, D., Buret, B., Desoubeaux, G., Goepp, A., Argy, N., Bertin, G.I., Milet, J., Hubert, V., Clain, J., Cojean, S., Houzé, P., Tuikue-Ndam, N., Kendjo, E., Deloron, P., and Houzé, S.

Published
2017
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9. HISTOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY DIAGNOSIS OF NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS IN A PATIENT WITHOUT HISTORY OF TRAVEL TO ENDEMIC AREAS - CASE REPORT.

Author

L'OLLIVIER, C., GONZÁLEZ, L. M., GÁRATE, T., MARTIN, L., MARTHA, B., DUONG, M., HUERRE, M., CUISENIER, B., HARRISON, L. J. S., DALLE, F., and BONNIN, A.

Abstract

The article presents a case study of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in a French Caucasian with no history of travel to endemic areas. NCC is said to be a pleomorphic taeniid parasitic infection that is acquired through carriers of the adult intestinal tapeworm, Taenia solium. The persistence of right frontal lesions was found to be up to one year after the diagnosis. It was concluded that NCC should be considered when multiple taeniid scolices are studied within the same cystic lesion.

Published
2012
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10. Dynamics of fungal colonization in a new medical mycology laboratory.

Author

Sautour, M., Fournel, I., Dalle, F., Calinon, C., L’Ollivier, C., Goyer, M., Cachia, C., Aho, S., Sixt, N., Vagner, O., Cuisenier, B., and Bonnin, A.

Subjects
MEDICAL mycology, FILAMENTOUS fungi, COLONIZATION (Ecology), UNIVERSITY hospitals, FUNGAL cultures, MEDICAL care, SCIENTIFIC observation
Abstract

Copyright of Journal of Medical Mycology / Journal de Mycologie Médicale is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2012
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11. Evaluation of CandiSelect4, a new chromogenic medium for isolation and presumptive identification of Candida species from clinical specimens.

Author

Gaschet, A., L’Ollivier, C., Laplanche, A., Vagner, O., Dalle, F., Cuisenier, B., Valot, S., and Bonnin, A.

Subjects
EVALUATION, DIAGNOSTIC microbiology, CANDIDA diagnosis, CANDIDA adhesion
Abstract

Copyright of Journal of Medical Mycology / Journal de Mycologie Médicale is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2008
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12. Prospective survey of indoor fungal contamination in hospital during a period of building construction.

Author

Sautour, M., Sixt, N., Dalle, F., L'Ollivier, C., Calinon, C., Fourquenet, V., Thibaut, C., Jury, H., Lafon, I., Aho, S., Couillault, G., Vagner, O., Cuisenier, B., Besancenot, J.-P., Caillot, D., and Bonnin, A.

Abstract

Summary: An 18-month survey of indoor fungal contamination was conducted in one haematology unit during a period of construction work. Air was sampled with a portable Air System Impactor and surfaces with contact Sabouraud plates. During this survey the mean concentration of viable fungi in air was 4.2cfu/m3 and that for surfaces was 1.7 cfu/plate. At the beginning of construction work, there were increases in airborne fungal spores (from 3.0 to 9.8cfu/m3) in the unit, but concentrations did not exceed 10cfu/m3 during the 18-month period. The most frequently recovered airborne fungi were Penicillium spp. (27–38%), Aspergillus spp. (25%) and Bjerkandera adusta, a basidiomycete identified with molecular tools (7–12%). Blastomycetes accounted for more than 50% of the fungal flora on surfaces. Investigating the impact of a new air-treatment system (mobile Plasmair™ units), there were significant reductions in fungal contamination for the Plasmer™-treated rooms, and in these rooms we observed the same level of fungal load whether construction work was in progress or not. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2007
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13. Reduced fungal contamination of the indoor environment with the PLASMAIR system (Airinspace)

Author

Sixt N, Dalle F, Lafon I, Aho S, Couillault G, Valot S, Calinon C, Danaire V, Vagner O, Cuisenier B, Sautour M, Besancenot JP, L'Ollivier C, Caillot D, and Bonnin A

Abstract

Aspergillus spp. and other moulds cause life-threatening opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Indoor contamination and construction work that liberate fungal spores are a major source of nosocomial aspergillosis. Dijon hospital is a tertiary care institution in northeast France undergoing construction work beside high-risk clinical units. To determine the impact of this activity, a surveillance programme was implemented one year before building work began in order to establish baseline levels of contamination. Air and surface fungal contamination in adult and paediatric haematology units were prospectively examined following use, or not, of a new air-treatment system with mobile Plasmairtrade mark units (Airinspace). There were significant reductions in overall fungal contamination for the Plasmairtrade mark treated rooms for air and surface samples in both clinical units. Plasmairtrade mark treatment also significantly reduced A. fumigatus in the air. These data suggest that Plasmairtrade mark units may provide an efficient method of reducing indoor fungal contamination in hospitals. Copyright © 2006 The Hospital Infection Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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15. Absence of association between Plasmodium falciparum small sub-unit ribosomal RNA gene mutations and in vitro decreased susceptibility to doxycycline

Author

Jacques Lebras, François Nosten, Bruno Pradines, Tiphaine Gaillard, Chirapat Wangsing, Véronique Hubert, Sandrine Houzé, Nathalie Wurtz, Sébastien Briolant, Kanlaya Sriprawat, UL, SIMPA, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Sainte Anne, Service de Santé des Armées, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Mahidol University [Bangkok], University of Oxford, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé, Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This study was supported by the Délégation Générale pour l’Armement (Grant number 10CO405) and the Institut national de Veille sanitaire (CNR paludisme). The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit is part of the Mahidol Oxford University Research Unit, supported by The Wellcome Trust of Great Britain., French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study Group : Ahmed Aboubacar, Patrice Agnamey, Faïza Ajana, Roger Amira, Nicolas Argy, Sonia Baumard, Pauline Bellanger, Dieudonné Bemba, Jean Beytout, Marie-Laure Bigel, Martine Bloch, Richard Bonnet, Alice Borel, Olivier Bouchaud, Catherine Branger, Fabrice Bruneel, Monique Cambon, Daniel Camus, Enrique Casalino, Jérome Clain, Sandrine Cojean, Bernadette Cuisenier B, Ludovic De Gentile, Jean-Marie Delarbre, Anne Delaval, Rémy Durand, Emmanuel Dutoit, Odile Eloy, Jean-François Faucher, Albert Faye, Odile Fenneteau, Denis Filisetti, Christian Fulleda, Nadine Godineau, Frédéric Grenouillet, Jean-Pierre Hurst, Houria Ichou, Elizabeth Klein E, Sylvie Lariven, Magalie Lefevre, Monique Lemoine, Olivier Lesens, Caroline Lohmann, Daniel Lusina, Marie-Claude Machouart, Robert Mary, Sophie Matheron, Denis Mechali, Audrey Merrens, Laurence Millon, Sébastien Monnier, Emmanuel Mortier, François Moussel, Olivier Pageot, Nathalie Parez, Pierre Patoz, Alexander Pfaff, Marc Pihet, Jean-Etienne Pilo, Isabelle Poilane, Denis Pons, Marie Poupart, Marc Prevel, Lauren Pull, Christophe Rapp, Alexandre Rivier, Emily Ronez, Daniel Rotten, Anne-Laure Simonet, Jean-Yves Siriez, Christophe Strady, Audrey Therby, Michel Thibault, Maxime Thouvenin, Dominique Toubas., INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes ( URMITE ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes ( URMITE ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales ( MERIT - UMR_D 216 ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de parasitologie [Cayenne], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Fédération des Laboratoires, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Sainte-Anne, Service de Parasitologie Mycologie [AP-HP Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Shoklo Malaria Research Unit [Mae Sot, Thailand] (Faculty of Tropical Medicine), Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), University of Oxford [Oxford]-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Wellcome Trust-University of Oxford [Oxford]-Wellcome Trust, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Unité de Recherche en Biologie et Epidémiologie Parasitaires, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), and Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Genes, Protozoan, Drug Resistance, Drug resistance, Molecular marker, chemistry.chemical_compound, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, MESH: Doxycycline, Malaria, Falciparum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Plasmodium falciparum, MESH: Inhibitory Concentration 50, Doxycycline, Quinine, biology, MESH: Malaria, Falciparum, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: Genes, Protozoan, MESH: Drug Resistance, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, medicine.drug, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, pfssrRNA, Plasmodium falciparum, Antimalarials, Inhibitory Concentration 50, In vitro, parasitic diseases, MESH: Genes, rRNA, medicine, Humans, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, 16S rRNA, Gene, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, MESH: Humans, Research, Genes, rRNA, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Small ribosomal sub-unit RNA gene, MESH: Antimalarials, Malaria, chemistry, Artesunate, Parasitology, Anti-malarial
Abstract

International audience; Background: Doxycycline is an antibiotic used in combination with quinine or artesunate for malaria treatment or alone for malaria chemoprophylaxis. Recently, one prophylactic failure has been reported, and several studies have highlighted in vitro doxycycline decreased susceptibility in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from different areas. The genetic markers that contribute to detecting and monitoring the susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline, the pfmdt and pftetQ genes, have recently been identified. However, these markers are not sufficient to explain in vitro decreased susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline. In this paper, the association between polymorphism of the small sub-unit ribosomal RNA apicoplastic gene pfssrRNA (PFC10_API0057) and in vitro susceptibilities of P. falciparum isolates to doxycycline were investigated.Methods: Doxycycline IC50 determinations using the hypoxanthine uptake inhibition assay were performed on 178 African and Thai P. falciparum isolates. The polymorphism of pfssrRNA was investigated in these samples by standard PCR followed by sequencing.Results: No point mutations were found in pfssrRNA in the Thai or African isolates, regardless of the determined IC50 values.Conclusions: The pfssrRNA gene is not associated with in vitro decreased susceptibility of P. falciparum to doxycycline. Identifying new in vitro molecular markers associated with reduced susceptibility is needed, to survey the emergence of doxycycline resistance.

Published
2015
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16. Longitudinal study assessing the return of chloroquine susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from travellers returning from West and Central Africa, 2000-2011.

Author

Gharbi M, Flegg JA, Hubert V, Kendjo E, Metcalf JE, Bertaux L, Guérin PJ, Le Bras J, Aboubaca A, Agnamey P, Angoulvant A, Barbut P, Basset D, Belkadi G, Bellanger AP, Bemba D, Benoit-Vica F, Berry A, Bigel ML, Bonhomme J, Botterel F, Bouchaud O, Bougnoux ME, Bourée P, Bourgeois N, Branger C, Bret L, Buret B, Casalino E, Chevrier S, Conquere de Monbrison F, Cuisenier B, Danis M, Darde ML, De Gentile L, Delarbre JM, Delaunay P, Delaval A, Desoubeaux G, Develoux M, Dunand J, Durand R, Eloy O, Fauchet N, Faugere B, Faye A, Fenneteau O, Flori P, Fontrouge M, Garabedian C, Gayandrieu F, Godineau N, Houzé P, Houzé S, Hurst JP, Ichou H, Lachaud L, Lebuisson A, Lefevre M, LeGuern AS, Le Moal G, Lusina D, Machouart MC, Malvy D, Matheron S, Maubon D, Mechali D, Megarbane B, Menard G, Millon L, Aiach MM, Minodier P, Morelle C, Nevez G, Parola P, Parzy D, Patey O, Patoz P, Penn P, Perignon A, Picot S, Pilo JE, Poilane I, Pons D, Poupart M, Pradines B, Raffenot D, Rapp C, Receveur MC, Sarfati C, Senghor Y, Simon F, Siriez JY, Taudon N, Thellier M, Thouvenin M, and Toubas D

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Africa, Central, Africa, Western, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Resistance, Female, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, Plasmodium falciparum genetics, Plasmodium falciparum isolation & purification, Travel, Young Adult, Antimalarials therapeutic use, Chloroquine therapeutic use, Malaria, Falciparum drug therapy, Plasmodium falciparum drug effects
Abstract

Background: Chloroquine (CQ) was the main malaria therapy worldwide from the 1940s until the 1990s. Following the emergence of CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, most African countries discontinued the use of CQ, and now promote artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment. This change was generally initiated during the last decade in West and Central Africa. The aim of this study is to describe the changes in CQ susceptibility in this African region, using travellers returning from this region as a sentinel system., Methods: The study was conducted by the Malaria National Reference Centre, France. The database collated the pfcrtK76T molecular marker for CQ susceptibility and the in vitro response to CQ of parasites from travellers' isolates returning from Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast or Cameroon. As a proxy of drug pressure, data regarding CQ intake in febrile children were collated for the study period. Logistic regression models were used to detect trends in the proportions of CQ resistant isolates., Results: A total of 2874 parasite isolates were genotyped between 2000-2011. The prevalence of the pfcrt76T mutant genotype significantly decreased for Senegal (from 78% to 47%), Ivory Coast (from 63% to 37%), Cameroon (from 90% to 59%) and remained stable for Mali. The geometric mean of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CQ in vitro susceptibility and the proportion of resistant isolates (defining resistance as an IC50 value > 100 nM) significantly decreased for Senegal (from 86 nM (59%) to 39 nM (25%)), Mali (from 84 nM (50%) to 51 nM (31%)), Ivory Coast (from 75 nM (59%) to 29 nM (16%)) and Cameroon (from 181 nM (75%) to 51 nM (37%)). Both analyses (molecular and in vitro susceptibility) were performed for the 2004-2011 period, after the four countries had officially discontinued CQ and showed an accelerated decline of the resistant isolates for the four countries. Meanwhile, CQ use among children significantly deceased in this region (fixed effects slope = -0.3, p < 10-3)., Conclusions: An increase in CQ susceptibility following official withdrawal of the drug was observed in travellers returning from West and Central African countries. The same trends were observed for molecular and in vitro analysis between 2004-2011 and they correlated to the decrease of the drug pressure.

Published
2013
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17. Dynamics of fungal colonization in a new medical mycology laboratory.

Author

Sautour M, Fournel I, Dalle F, Calinon C, L'Ollivier C, Goyer M, Cachia C, Aho S, Sixt N, Vagner O, Cuisenier B, and Bonnin A

Subjects
Aspergillus growth & development, Aspergillus isolation & purification, Colony Count, Microbial, Environmental Monitoring, Hospital Units, Humans, Penicillium growth & development, Penicillium isolation & purification, Air Microbiology, Fungi growth & development, Laboratories, Hospital standards, Mycology standards
Abstract

Objective of the Study: Study of the spatio-temporal fungal colonization in a new medical mycology laboratory., Methods: A 17-month survey of airborne fungal contamination was conducted in a new medical mycology laboratory at a tertiary care university hospital. This survey was implemented at three different periods: before the new premises were occupied (period A), during the move into the new laboratory (period B) and after resumption of the mycological activities in these new premises (period C)., Results: During period A, the airborne fungal load ranged from 2.3 to 6 cfu/m(3). The most frequently recovered airborne fungi were Penicillium spp. (75 to 100%). During period B, a dramatic increase in Penicillium chrysogenum conidia was observed in the air of the new laboratory (40 to 160 cfu/m(3)). During period C, the fungal load ranged from 4.5 to 8.4 cfu/m(3). Penicillium was the most common genus identified in rooms of the laboratory where no filamentous fungi were handled, while Aspergillus was clearly the predominant genus (78%) in the room dedicated to the culture of filamentous fungi., Conclusions: We suggest that the specific fungal ecology in air of the room dedicated to the culture of filamentous fungi is due to the handling of a large number of medical strains of A. fumigatus., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012
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18. Profiles and seasonal distribution of airborne fungi in indoor and outdoor environments at a French hospital.

Author

Sautour M, Sixt N, Dalle F, L'Ollivier C, Fourquenet V, Calinon C, Paul K, Valvin S, Maurel A, Aho S, Couillault G, Cachia C, Vagner O, Cuisenier B, Caillot D, and Bonnin A

Subjects
Environmental Monitoring, France, Hospital Design and Construction, Seasons, Air Microbiology, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Fungi isolation & purification, Particulate Matter analysis
Abstract

A one-year prospective survey of fungal air contamination was conducted in outdoor air and inside two haematological units of a French hospital. Air was sampled with a portable Air System Impactor. During this period of survey, the mean viable fungal load was 122.1 cfu/m(3) in outdoor air samples, and 4.1 and 3.9 cfu/m(3) in samples from adult and pediatric haematology units, respectively. In outdoor samples, Cladosporium was the dominant genus (55%) while in the clinical units, Penicillium sp. (23 to 25%), Aspergillus sp. (15 to 23%) and Bjerkandera adusta (11 to 13%) were the most frequently recovered airborne fungi. The outdoor fungal load was far higher in autumn (168 cfu/m(3)), spring (110 cfu/m(3)) and summer (138 cfu/m(3)) than in winter (49 cfu/m(3)). In indoor air, fungal concentrations were significantly lower in winter (2.7 to 3.1 cfu/m(3)) than in summer (4.2 to 5.0 cfu/m(3)) in both haematology units. In the outdoor environment, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were more abundant in winter while the levels of Cladosporium were lowest during this season. In the haematological units, the presence of Aspergillus sp. was stable during the year (close to 20%), Bjerkandera sp. was particularly abundant in winter (close to 30%); levels of Penicillium sp. were highest in autumn while levels of Cladosporium sp. were highest in spring and summer.

Published
2009
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19. Genotype of 88 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and correlation with clinical findings.

Author

Ajzenberg D, Yera H, Marty P, Paris L, Dalle F, Menotti J, Aubert D, Franck J, Bessières MH, Quinio D, Pelloux H, Delhaes L, Desbois N, Thulliez P, Robert-Gangneux F, Kauffmann-Lacroix C, Pujol S, Rabodonirina M, Bougnoux ME, Cuisenier B, Duhamel C, Duong TH, Filisetti D, Flori P, Gay-Andrieu F, Pratlong F, Nevez G, Totet A, Carme B, Bonnabau H, Dardé ML, and Villena I

Subjects
Animals, Encephalitis complications, Encephalitis mortality, Encephalitis parasitology, France epidemiology, Genotype, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections immunology, Humans, Lung Diseases, Parasitic complications, Lung Diseases, Parasitic mortality, Lung Diseases, Parasitic parasitology, Toxoplasma classification, Toxoplasmosis complications, Toxoplasmosis mortality, Immunocompromised Host, Toxoplasma genetics, Toxoplasmosis parasitology
Abstract

We report the genotyping analysis of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in samples collected from 88 immunocompromised patients, along with clinical and epidemiological data. Most of these samples were collected in France during the current decade by the Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center. Lack of specific anti-Toxoplasma treatment, pulmonary toxoplasmosis, and involvement of multiple organs were the 3 main risk factors associated with death for this patient group. Genotyping results with 6 microsatellite markers showed that type II isolates were predominant among patients who acquired toxoplasmic infection in Europe. Non-type II isolates included 13 different genotypes and were mainly collected from patients who acquired toxoplasmosis outside Europe. Type III was the second most common genotype recovered from patients, whereas type I was rare in our population. Three nonarchetypal genotypes were repeatedly recovered from different patients who acquired the infection in sub-Saharan Africa (genotypes Africa 1 and Africa 2) and in the French West Indies (genotype Caribbean 1). The distribution of genotypes (type II vs. non-type II) was not significantly different when patients were stratified by underlying cause of immunosuppression, site of infection, or outcome. We conclude that in immunocompromised patients, host factors are much more involved than parasite factors in patients' resistance or susceptibility to toxoplasmosis.

Published
2009
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20. Reference values for Leishmania infantum parasitemia in different clinical presentations: quantitative polymerase chain reaction for therapeutic monitoring and patient follow-up.

Author

Mary C, Faraut F, Drogoul MP, Xeridat B, Schleinitz N, Cuisenier B, and Dumon H

Subjects
Amphotericin B therapeutic use, Animals, DNA, Protozoan analysis, DNA, Protozoan blood, Follow-Up Studies, Leishmania infantum genetics, Leishmaniasis, Visceral drug therapy, Leishmaniasis, Visceral parasitology, Parasitemia blood, Parasitemia parasitology, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Recurrence, Reference Values, Sensitivity and Specificity, Leishmania infantum isolation & purification, Leishmaniasis, Visceral diagnosis, Parasitemia diagnosis, Parasitemia epidemiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary
Abstract

Quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA in blood samples by an ultrasensitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) detected parasitemias in different clinical presentations. We observed a large range of parasitemias, more than 9 log values, and could determine the threshold between asymptomatic carriage and disease in the Mediterranean area (approximately one parasite/mL of blood). Based on kinetoplast DNA amplification, this assay had a sensitivity of 0.001 parasite DNA equivalents/mL and detected asymptomatic carriage of Leishmania. It detected parasite DNA in 58% of healthy subjects, while an immunoblot detected specific antibodies in only 16%. For initial diagnosis of disease, this quantitative PCR with blood samples constitutes a non-invasive alternative to bone marrow aspiration. Its main applications are monitoring of drug therapy and follow-up of immunodeficient patients for biologic confirmation of relapses.

Published
2006

21. Genotyping of Candida albicans oral strains from healthy individuals by polymorphic microsatellite locus analysis.

Author

Dalle F, Dumont L, Franco N, Mesmacque D, Caillot D, Bonnin P, Moiroux C, Vagner O, Cuisenier B, Lizard S, and Bonnin A

Subjects
Alleles, Candida albicans classification, Candida albicans pathogenicity, DNA, Fungal genetics, Genes, Fungal, Genotype, Humans, Microsatellite Repeats, Oropharynx microbiology, Polymorphism, Genetic, Candida albicans genetics, Candida albicans isolation & purification
Abstract

Analysis of a polymorphic microsatellite locus was applied to 85 Candida albicans strains from healthy individuals. Comparison with strains from nonhealthy individuals previously analyzed in our laboratory showed an overall similarity, suggesting that all commensal strains have the ability to develop as pathogens.

Published
2003
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22. Rapid identification of Candida glabrata based on trehalose and sucrose assimilation using Rosco diagnostic tablets.

Author

Lopez J, Dalle F, Mantelin P, Moiroux P, Nierlich AC, Pacot A, Cuisenier B, Vagner O, and Bonnin A

Subjects
Candidiasis diagnosis, Candidiasis microbiology, Humans, Mycological Typing Techniques, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tablets, Candida classification, Candida metabolism, Sucrose metabolism, Trehalose metabolism
Abstract

We developed a simple method for the identification of Candida glabrata on the basis of the ability of this species to rapidly assimilate trehalose but not sucrose. After incubation of yeasts with Rosco diagnostic tablets containing sucrose or trehalose, identification of C. glabrata was achieved in 4 h with 100% sensitivity and specificity.

Published
2001
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23. Comparative genotyping of Candida albicans bloodstream and nonbloodstream isolates at a polymorphic microsatellite locus.

Author

Dalle F, Franco N, Lopez J, Vagner O, Caillot D, Chavanet P, Cuisenier B, Aho S, Lizard S, and Bonnin A

Subjects
Alleles, Candida albicans genetics, Chromosome Mapping, Genotype, Humans, Mycological Typing Techniques, Reproducibility of Results, Candida albicans classification, Fungemia microbiology, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Molecular typing studies have shown that the predominant form of reproduction of Candida albicans is clonal and that, in a majority of situations, persistent or recurrent infections are due to a unique strain. Characterization of distinct subpopulations and correlation with clinical features may thus be important to understanding the pathogenesis of candidiasis. In a clonal model, a unique polymorphic marker may identify populations with different biological properties. We therefore compared 48 bloodstream isolates and 48 nonbloodstream matched strains of C. albicans at the elongation factor 3-encoding gene (CEF3) polymorphic microsatellite locus of C. albicans. Sizing of the alleles was performed by automated capillary electrophoresis. A new, 137-bp allele was characterized, and seven nondescribed combinations were observed, resulting in 15 and 11 distinct CEF3 profiles in bloodstream and control strains, respectively. Genotypes 126-135, 130-136, and 131-131 accounted for 60.4% of both bloodstream and control strains. Four bloodstream isolates but no control strains displayed the 135-135 combination. None of the other genotypes was present at an increased frequency in bloodstream isolates. Bloodstream and nonbloodstream strains of C. albicans thus have a heterogeneous structure at the CEF3 locus, with three major and multiple minor allelic combinations.

Published
2000
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25. Improved management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery.

Author

Caillot D, Casasnovas O, Bernard A, Couaillier JF, Durand C, Cuisenier B, Solary E, Piard F, Petrella T, Bonnin A, Couillault G, Dumas M, and Guy H

Subjects
Antigens, Fungal blood, Aspergillosis complications, Aspergillosis diagnostic imaging, Aspergillosis drug therapy, Aspergillosis immunology, Aspergillosis surgery, Aspergillus isolation & purification, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Lung Diseases, Fungal complications, Lung Diseases, Fungal diagnostic imaging, Lung Diseases, Fungal drug therapy, Lung Diseases, Fungal immunology, Lung Diseases, Fungal surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Aspergillosis diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Fungal diagnosis, Neutropenia complications
Abstract

Purpose: The prognosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) occurring in neutropenic patients remains poor. We studied whether new strategies for early diagnosis could improve outcome in these patients., Patients and Methods: Twenty-three histologically proven and 14 highly probable IPAs in 37 hematologic patients (neutropenic in 36) were analyzed retrospectively., Results: The most frequent clinical signs associated with IPA were cough (92%), chest pain (76%), and hemoptysis (54%). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was positive in 22 of 32 cases. Aspergillus antigen test was positive in 83% of cases when tested on BAL fluid. Since October 1991, early thoracic computed tomographic (CT) scans were systematically performed in febrile neutropenic patients with pulmonary x-ray infiltrates. This approach allowed us to recognize suggestive CT halo signs in 92% of patients, compared with 13% before this date, and the mean time to IPA diagnosis was reduced dramatically from 7 to 1.9 days. Among 36 assessable patients, 10 failed to respond (amphotericin B [AmB] plus fluorocytosyne, n = 2; itraconazole + AmB, n = 8) and died of aspergillosis. Twenty-six patients were cured or improved by antifungal treatment (itraconazole with or without AmB, n = 22; voriconazole, n = 4). In 15 of 16 cases, surgical resection was combined successfully with medical treatment. Achievement of hematologic response, early diagnosis, unilateral pulmonary involvement, and highest level of fibrinogen value < 9 g/L were associated with better outcome., Conclusion: In febrile neutropenic patients, systematic CT scan allows earlier diagnosis of IPA. Early antifungal treatment, combined with surgical resection if necessary, improves IPA prognosis dramatically in these patients.

Published
1997
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26. Disseminated aspergillosis revealed by thyroiditis in a renal allograft recipient.

Author

Solary E, Rifle G, Chalopin JM, Rifle-Mediavilla C, Rebibou JM, Camerlynck P, Justrabo E, Cuisenier B, Caillot D, and Mousson C

Subjects
Aspergillosis etiology, Female, Humans, Immunosuppression Therapy adverse effects, Middle Aged, Thyroiditis diagnosis, Aspergillosis diagnosis, Kidney Transplantation, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Thyroiditis etiology
Published
1987
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