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Framing of the research. Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the way organisations manage human resources, injecting new capabilities into human resource management (HRM). There is a pressing need to examine new and more effective approaches to human resource development (HRD). Purpose of the paper. This paper aims to shed light on current knowledge of AI in the HRD domain, developing a comprehensive view of its role in the employee's journey. Methodology. Keyword co-occurrence analysis and bibliographic coupling analysis were performed on a total of 151 papers published between 2002 and 2022. A similarity visualisation programme (VOSviewer) was used to showcase the results visually. Results. The findings highlight the top five authors, sources, papers, and institutions in terms of the prolificacy of contributions in the field. The relevant contribution of this study is the identification and classification of the main topics and research streams in the academic literature. Five main bibliographic clusters are identified, unveiling the five most prominent topics in the field: i) AI in HR and contextual factors; ii) AI in education and future skills; iii) AI Coaching with chatbots; iv) AI in HR recruitment and training; v) AI in soft skills development. Research limitations. It should be acknowledged that the findings are rooted in one database, Scopus, and only publications in English were considered. Managerial implications. We offer three theoretical and institutional implications for advancing further research on AI in HRD. Furthermore, we outline six major takeaways and future lines of research stemming from our findings, resulting in a novel framework that can also be of practical interest to companies. Originality of the paper. This is the first bibliometric study in the HRD and AI field from the viewpoint of personal development. Thus, we provide a first systematisation of the contributions developed in the last twenty years in this novel field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Board composition has received increasingly more attention from scholars as an important determinant of environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. Two factors of board composition receive attention as they strongly relate to sustainability issues: gender diversity and board independence. The aim of this study is to test whether the presence of a critical mass of women in boardrooms correlates with firm ESG performance. In addition, we aim to study whether women receiving appointment as executive rather than nonexecutive directors may positively influence ESG performance. Using a sample of Italian companies listed on the Mercato Telematico Azionario during 2003–2019, the empirical results show that a critical mass of at least three female directors is necessary to improve ESG performance and that executive women directors represent a crucial component of board mechanisms, in terms of aligning the needs of stakeholders, since they increase ESG performance. Because the advising and monitoring functions impact firm value, we support the idea that female directors in strategic positions in the boardroom may benefit ESG performance. Thus, we support the idea of increasing women's presence on corporate boards and across executive leadership as a measure and a signal of how firms can respond to ESG challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vast literature supports the notion that green human resource management leads to superior environmental performance. This study argues that green innovation, environmental strategy and pro‐environmental behaviour facilitate the relationship between green human resource management and environmental performance in the manufacturing industry of developing countries. To test the mediating effect of green innovation and pro‐environmental behaviour alongside the moderating role of environmental strategy in the proposed model, we collected and analysed data from 410 manufacturing firm managers operating in Pakistan using partial least square structural equation modelling. The mediating and moderating results highlighted the significance of green innovation, environmental strategy and pro‐environmental behaviour to excel in environmental performance through operational efficiency, appropriate environmental strategy and human willingness to indulge in environmental activities. The findings also suggest implications for theory and practice in similar developing countries. The study offers generalisability in developing countries sharing the same economic and social structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the impact of board of directors (BoD) tenure and audit committee (AC) tenure on environmental performance (EP) to test whether BoD and AC members' rotation generates higher environmental performance. Data were collected from the Refinitiv Eikon database, structuring a sample of European Union (EU) listed companies belonging to the "old" country members in the period from 2018 to 2020. We found that longer board tenure and longer audit committee tenure each enhance environmental performance, demonstrating that firms could view the tenure rate as a proxy of the quality of the board monitoring. On the contrary, the interaction term (BoD and AC tenure) is negatively related to environmental performance, showing that when two boards have a low rotation, companies may achieve lower environmental performance. These findings help understand the dynamic and complex nature of tenure in corporate governance mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) research in academia has been increasing over time, especially in recent years. Thus, the evaluation of relative research productivity is becoming increasingly relevant due to the current importance of this topic. The paper aims to investigate research productivity in the CSR field by performing a bibliometric analysis. An iterative search strategy was used to firstly identify productive CSR authors and then examine their productivity over a 5‐year period (2015–2020) using the SciVal tool by Elsevier. Drawing on the results from different bibliometric analyses, the study investigates quantitative and qualitative publication performance at the country (macro), institutional (meso) and individual (micro) levels. This study is the first bibliometric analysis on CSR that is not related to a specific journal and has a multi‐level nature by providing the groundwork in determining the knowledge structure of CSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses a case study of blockchain used to address real business problems in the Italian banking sector. We use an exploratory case of the banking research and innovation centre promoted by the Italian Banking Association (ABI Lab), and show how the Interbank Spunta project implies the application of blockchain in interbank processes, with the aim at providing greater data transparency and visibility, faster execution, and the possibility of transfer checks and money directly within the application. We shed light on the new challenges faced by bankers and develop several propositions as well as potential applications of blockchain in banking to guide future research on this topic and inspire bank managers to take advantages by new financial technologies applied to different banks' business lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For all firms, it is imperative to identify and understand the factors that influence consumers purchasing behaviors and, specifically, identify how customer demographics relate to corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. However, limited research exists on banking consumer's preferences and responses towards different CSR initiatives. Therefore, using an exploratory survey consisting of 250 received responses of attitudes and perceptions from customers of Italian savings banks, we investigate the interactions between three types of CSR initiatives (ethical behavior towards the environment, social inclusion initiatives, and financing eco‐sustainable projects) and respondents' demographic characteristics. We predict that different types of CSR initiatives influence the choice of banking institution among customers with diverse demographic characteristics (age, geographic origin, and type of employment). This research helps in making several important contributions to CSR research which can assist banks in developing effective CSR strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating the determinants of environmental, social and governance (ESG) score is significant for topic for academics and regulators and companies. Despite its importance, little attention has been paid to non‐financial strategy disclosure and how to communicate non‐financial information. However, in the recent years, attention to the topic has considerably increased as demonstrated, in the European context, by the introduction of the non‐financial reporting directive in 2014. Therefore, it is important to analyse how the quantity and quality of disclosure influence the ESG score. To explore this relationship, a configurational analysis aimed at 31 Italian listed companies was studied by fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis. The results showed that there were three path types driving the ESG score and that integrated reporting played a highly significant role in promoting a high ESG score. Specifically, we show the importance of assessing the combinations of quality and quantity disclosures for ESG score through configurational thinking. These results provide a first theoretical basis for the effectiveness of disclosure measurements on ESG score, charting the future direction for environmental management studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social entrepreneurship (SE) has gained prominence in recent years, becoming a primary field of study and providing rich research opportunities that are both challenging and intriguing. This paper seeks to fill the knowledge gap in this field by improving the understanding of business models of SE and, more specifically, investigating how social entrepreneurs design their business models in order to create both social and economic value. Using the abductive approach method, the paper explores a single case study that enquires about the business model of the social enterprise named "La Paranza Cooperative", located in southern Italy and operating in the cultural heritage industry. Our main theoretical contribution lies in illustrating and formalising the ambidexterity perspective through which social enterprises simultaneously pursue goals that are apparently contradictory, such as economic and social ones. Furthermore, on the practical side, we assess the win–win managerial mechanisms that benefit social enterprises through their external environment as a bundle of distinctive resources while contributing to its requalification. Finally, our explorative study opens-up for deeper and more detailed future research on the business model of SE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate sustainability (CS) is receiving considerable attention from emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs), playing an important role in the globalized market. However, theoretical and empirical knowledge about how EMNEs address CS is still scant, and the relationship between internationalization and CS has not been widely explored. This study aims to fill this gap, evaluating the relationship between an international ambidexterity strategy and CS in EMNEs, which highlighted the paradox perspective. Then we develop three hypotheses in which we argue how the dynamic capabilities underpinning international ambidexterity could be considered a driver of CS in EMNEs. We test the developed hypotheses against data from 300 Chinese EMNEs obtained by a survey. Our results contribute to shape ambidextrous international strategies and to consider CS as a springboard for the strategic intent to systematically and recursively outperform global competition. Testing a measurement scale of international ambidexterity, we suggest structural ambidexterity as a strategic option of internationalization that allows the achievement of economic, social, and environmental sustainability objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital entrepreneurship has received growing interest from academics and practitioners. Another form of entrepreneurship in which interest has been greatly boosted, thanks to digital technologies, is user entrepreneurship. Drawing on the sociomaterial perspective of digital entrepreneurship, the present article contributes to this body of knowledge by exploring how user entrepreneurs frame and implement the process to create new firms to commercialise their own digital innovations. Our qualitative study reports a single case study about the process of digital entrepreneurship implemented by a patient innovator that launched a new firm to commercialise his healthcare innovative solution. Various theoretical propositions about the sociomateriality of the entrepreneurial process of digital user innovators are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial aims to present the outcome of the Special Issue of Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management titled "Environmental, Social, Governance: implications for businesses and effects for stakeholders" (Engle et al., 2019). New implications for companies and for stakeholders associated with ESG rules and practices as well as suggestions to guide policy making, have been addressed in the Special Issue. BACKGROUND AND FOCUS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE The number of firms that employ sustainability strategies and disclose Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) information is growing worldwide, as ESG concerns are rapidly increasing (Engle III et al., 2020). PAPERS SELECTED FOR THE SPECIAL ISSUE Two different perspectives were analyzed by the authors that contributed to this special issue: investment performance of ESG based funds, and corporate behavior in implementing ESG factors. [Extracted from the article]

This paper provides, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first meta‐analysis of evidence about the influence of the corporate governance on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure, in a setting where the disclosure of information is voluntary but not discretionary. We apply meta‐analysis to a sample of 24 empirical studies to clarify the relationship of board size, board independence, women on board, number of board meeting, CEO duality, and company ownership with ESG disclosure. Our results show that board independence, board size, and women directorship visibly enhance ESG voluntary disclosure; board ownership and CEO duality do not improve the level of ESG disclosure; and some hesitations remain in respect of the number of board meetings and institutional and family ownership. The paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the corporate governance mechanisms that lead to more ESG disclosure and highlight the need of new approach on these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sheds light on the relationship between business diversification and innovation. A diversification strategy is both a driver of sunk costs and strategic slack. Strategic slack is a valuable reserve of knowledge, usable to foster innovation. Using linear models, we explore the interplay between research and development (R&D) and organisational slack in large and diversified companies listed on the Euronext 100 Index. We consider the diversification pattern over time, and its interactions with the following three categories: sunk costs, slack resources, and R&D. The results show an antithetic effect of diversification and slack on R&D expenditures. In contrast to unabsorbed and potential slack, diversification and sunk costs hinder innovation. However, diversification is a huge source of strategic slack and, thus, has a positive effect on innovation, indirectly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses contract theory to analyse the relationship between open collaborative innovation strategies and digital platforms. We argue that a collaborative mechanism and governance of the platform affect how operations are run and impact firm ambidexterity. We also explain how the twofold revealing strategy, both selective and free occurs via the platform and how governance positively impacts the coordination mechanism. A case study analysis on TIM OPEN draws a ground-breaking framework for future investigations. The analysis suggests that the combination of digital platform and collaborative innovation can facilitate the creative process and be a driver of operational synergies. Results confirm that the adoption of digital platforms for collaborative innovations reduces transaction costs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]