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5. Index

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

8. 16. Spy from the Cloud: From Big Brother to Big Data

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

9. Part IV. Infrastructure and Production

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

10. 9. On Soviet Spoken Cinema

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

16. Part III. Translation

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

18. Part II. Distribution, Adaptation, Reception

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

19. Title Page, Copyright

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

21. 1. Introduction

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

22. Part I. Mobile Forms

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

23. Contents

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

24. Note on Translation and Transliteration

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

25. Acknowledgements

Author

Imre, Anikó, Lundgren, Lars, Evans, Christine, Pisu, Stefano, Szczepanik, Petr, Saarenmaa, Laura, Zubel, Marla, Stone, Brangwen, Razlogova, Elena, Cronqvist, Marie, Švelch, Jaroslav, Simonyi, Sonja, Salazkina, Masha, Koivunen, Anu, Johnston, Rosamund, Trumpener, Katie, Pajala, Mari, and Lovejoy, Alice

Published
2022

27. Cold War Television Diplomacy: The German Democratic Republic on Finnish television

Author

Saarenmaa Laura and Cronqvist Marie

Subjects
cold war, the finnish broadcasting company (yle), the german democratic republic (gdr), public diplomacy, television diplomacy, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract

This article opens a new perspective on Finland’s Cold War history by highlighting the role of the Finnish Broadcasting Company (YLE) in providing information about the German Democratic Republic as a particular polity, economy, and key player in the European Cold War landscape. The analysis is based on search results from the YLE digital database (Metro) from 1970–1989, and it is supported by documents from the German Broadcasting Archive [Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv] and the YLE company archive. The archive documents and metadata testify about a long-term interest in East Germany in Finnish television, as well as long-term contacts and collaboration between East German and Finnish television companies, in the executive as well as at grass roots levels.

Published
2020
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28. Expanding media histories

Author

Bechmann Pedersen, Sune, Cronqvist, Marie, and Holgersson, Ulrika

Subjects
intermedia perspectives, media materiality, media event, cultural histories of the media, the concept of the media, media theory, bic Book Industry Communication::A The arts::AC History of art / art & design styles, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNB History of education, bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTC Communication studies, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies, bic Book Industry Communication::A The arts::AP Film, TV & radio::APF Films, cinema::APFG Film guides & reviews
Abstract

Contemporary media history is a rapidly growing field that extends far beyond traditional studies of technology or institutions such as radio, film, and television. This volume expands the scope further still to analyse ephemeral, mundane phenomena long overlooked by media historiography. In eight original essays, the volume demonstrates the strengths of a broad concept of the media. The first part centres on media systems and media events, with studies of spiritist séances, Gallup polls, the mediated persona of Kaiser Wilhelm II, and the burial of a Swedish statesman in 1915. The second part focuses on media materialities and infrastructure such as art replicas, ring binders, tourist guidebooks, and media technology in the IKEA home. Aimed at students and academics alike, Expanding Media Histories offers new empirical research, which engages critically with key concepts in media history today.

Published
2023
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30. Cold War Civil Defence in Western Europe

Author

Cronqvist, Marie, Farbøl, Rosanna, and Sylvest, Casper

Subjects
Survival, Resilience, Disaster planning, Terrorism, Nuclear conflict, Memory studies, Materiality, Everyday experience, Cold War, NATO, open access, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJD European history, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTB Social & cultural history, bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History
Abstract

This open access edited collection brings together established and new perspectives on Cold War civil defence in Western Europe within a common analytical framework that also facilitates comparative and transnational dimensions. The current interest in creating disaster-resilient societies demands new histories of civil defence. Historical contextualization is essential in order to understand what is at stake in preparing, devising, and implementing forms of preparedness, protection, and security that are specifically targeted at societies and citizens. Applying the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries to civil defence history, the chapters of this volume cover a range of new themes, from technology and materiality to media, memory, and everyday experience. The book underlines the social embeddedness of civil defence by detailing how it both prompted new forms of social interaction and reflected norms and visions of the ‘good society’ in an age where nuclear technology seemed to hold the key to both doom and salvation.

Published
2022
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32. From Socialist Hero to Capitalist Icon: The Cultural Transfer of the East German Children'S Television Programme Unser Sandmännchen to Sweden in the Early 1970S.

Author

Cronqvist, Marie

Subjects
*TELEVISION programmers & programming, *SOCIALISM, *CULTURAL relations, *COLD War, 1945-1991, *ARCHIVAL materials, *VOTER turnout
Abstract

Based on a case study of the import of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) children's programme Unser Sandmännchen to Sweden in the early 1970s, this article explores the cultural recoding at work in the processes of transnational media exchange. Using archival source material from both Germany and Sweden as well as Swedish press debate, the article argues for an entangled media perspective on Cold War East-West cultural exchanges. In the process of transfer, Unser Sandmännchen, called John Blund in Sweden, was transformed from a calm, socialist hero to an outspoken and sometimes rude capitalist. This was the result of the active agency of individual entrepreneurs as well as the turnout of the political ambitions of Swedish and East German state television institutions. In Sweden, although stripped from its possible ideological content, the cultural transfer of Unser Sandmännchen contributed to strengthening the relations between the two countries and to opening up Swedish relations to the GDR in areas well beyond the media sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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33. Cold War conduct: knowledge transfer, psychological defence, and media preparedness in Denmark between Sweden, Norway, and NATO, 1954–1967.

Author

Farbøl, Rosanna, Bjørnsson, Iben, and Cronqvist, Marie

Abstract

Employing the Foucauldian term ‘conduct’, this article explores how social resilience and morale became a target of state intervention in Denmark during the Cold War. ‘Psychological defence’ was a Cold War phenomenon designed to bring an imagined future war into a space of control as well as a tool for the authorities’ exercise of power in case another world war became a reality. Advocating a methodological internationalism, the article analyses how the concept of psychological defence travelled from Sweden to Denmark via Norway and NATO, and in a complex process of translation, mixing and hybridization was adapted and appropriated to Danish security policy conditions, preparedness culture, and historical experiences. Ultimately, psychological defence was replaced with a more practical or even cynical approach to public information and media preparedness, even if the objectives remained the same. The article employs source material from Danish, Swedish, and NATO archives and combines Scandinavian Cold War history with media history and the history of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. War Remains

Author

Cronqvist, Marie and Sturfelt, Lina

Subjects
1910s–1970s, interdisciplinary perspectives, mass death, suffering, war remains, cultural history of war, mediation, World War era, sensing war, cultural history, memory studies, human rights, media history, Journalism, Nazism, Sweden, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTB Social & cultural history, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBW Military history, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes
Abstract

War Remains is an interdisciplinary anthology dealing with the mediations and sense-making narratives of war deaths and suffering in the era of the world wars. In the first half of the 20th century, more than 120 million people died an untimely or violent death – on the battlefield, in concentration camps, through fierce air strikes or as casualties of the many epidemics and hardships that followed on the heels of war. The experiences and narratives of war that flowed through different media of the time were often focused on the emotional, the personal, the everyday, and the subjective. The horrifying experiences of mass death lingered on in cultural narratives for years, repeating, reinforcing, and renegotiating people’s beliefs about war and suffering. The authors apply perspectives from a variety of scholarly fields such as history, media history, human rights studies, journalism, film studies, comparative literature, publishing studies, and rhetoric. Focusing on the period between the 1910s and 1970s, they show how literary fiction, newspapers, radio, film, comic books, and weekly magazines communicated the realities of war and turned the trauma into something that could be situated within the conventions of public display. The book consists of an introduction by the editors, seven individual cases by different authors, and the editors’ postscript. In the introduction chapter by Cronqvist and Sturfelt, the book is placed within the research fields of the cultural history of war and sensing and mediating war. These discussions lead up to an argument for a new and innovative way of studying the subject by bridging the gap between historical studies on memory and media studies of memory, and instead apply an interdisciplinary perspective of a media history of war remains. This approach insists on the importance of media forms and historical context for remembering and sensing war. The following seven individual chapters draw on a diverse range of sources and empirical examples to offer a comparison of different forms and expressions of media over an extended period. In chapter 2, Qvarnström analyses the First World War novels by the Swedish author Anna Lenah Elgström and discusses fiction as media. In chapter 3, Sturfelt analyses Save the Children’s humanitarian reporting and the visual discourses on starving children in the interwar period. Chapter 4 by Skoog examines the BBC radio correspondent Audrey Russell reporting and remembering the Second World War. In chapter 5, Bergström analyses media strategies and films by the Swedish European Aid in the late 1940s. In chapter 6, Cronqvist deals with memory, mediation, and decentring in John Hersey’s ‘Hiroshima’ from 1946. Chapter 7 by Kärrholm analyses motifs, paratexts, and other framing devices in EC’s Cold War comics. Finally, in chapter 8, Saarenmaa examines the circulation of Nazi imagery and generational layers of cultural remembrance in men’s magazines in the 1960s and 1970s. In the postscript, the editors Cronqvist and Sturfelt summarize the core arguments of the book: the significance of war representations alongside media forms, the importance of the visual, the value of shifting temporal and spatial foci, the highlighting of gendered aspects of war remains, and the intractable focus on the remembering and grieving survivor. They then suggest some possible directions for future research within the field and end up emphasizing the value of a media history of war remains for understanding both past and present conflicts.

Published
2018
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35. Introduction: 'Tracing Entanglements in Media History'.

Author

Hilgert, Christoph, Cronqvist, Marie, and Chignell, Hugh

Subjects
*HISTORY of mass media, *EMIGRATION & immigration
Abstract

An introduction is presented in which editor discusses various articles within the issue on topics including aspects of entanglements in media history, travelling media content and research on media and migration.

Published
2020
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36. Foreign Correspondents in the Cold War: The politics and practices of East German television journalists in the West.

Author

Bechmann Pedersen, Sune and Cronqvist, Marie

Subjects
*FOREIGN correspondents, *COLD War, 1945-1991, *TELEVISION journalists, EAST German history, WEST German history
Abstract

This article analyses the transnational production processes of foreign correspondence in the Cold War. It examines the double role of foreign correspondents as reporters and Cold War political agents. Recent scholarship has explored the activities of Western correspondents reporting from the Communist world. Little is known, however, about Eastern bloc correspondents in the West. Drawing on the rarely studied files on East German foreign correspondents held by the Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv, the article problematizes the image of GDR journalists as obedient intelligence officers and highlights the dilemmas of journalists deployed to defend national interests. Focusing on the Nordic countries in the mid1970s, the article provides detailed insights into the politics and practices of East German foreign correspondence before the digital revolution. The article thus shows the benefits of going beyond the traditional focus on media content to analyse the daily practices as well as the political and symbolic significance of journalism. It contributes to the growing historical research on foreign correspondents and the media in East Germany and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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37. Entangled Media Histories.

Author

Cronqvist, Marie and Hilgert, Christoph

Subjects
*HISTORY of mass media, *TRANSNATIONALISM, *INTERMEDIALITY, *PUBLIC communication, *NATIONALISM
Abstract

The transnational and transmedial dimensions of media and communication throughout history have not always been adequately recognised. In this research report we propose the concept ofentanglementas a means of better understanding the dynamic interconnectedness of media across semiotic, technological, institutional and political boundaries in history. Entanglement is a concept that can be employed in order to problematize the presumed points of departure and the linear understandings of development, production and reception that often characterize media-history scholarship. Moreover, an entangled media histories perspective throws light on social and communicative action in general and can thus enrich any historical study. The report outlines, and invites discussion of, the theoretical and methodological framework of the transnational network ‘Entangled Media Histories’, which since 2013 has been a forum for co-operation in research and teaching between media historians in Sweden, Germany and Great Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2017
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40. Framing Civil Defence Critique: Swiss Physicians' Resistance to the Coordinated Medical Services in the 1980s

Author

Marti, Sibylle, Cronqvist, Marie, Farbøl, Rosanna, and Sylvest, Casper

Subjects
940 History of Europe
Abstract

The Coordinated Medical Services, an emblematic organisation of Switzerland’s total national defence system, were operational at the beginning of the 1980s. Through the Coordinated Medical Services, Swiss authorities propagated a sociotechnical imaginary the core of which was that Switzerland was able to survive a nuclear war through a huge collective effort. This vision faced severe criticism, in particular, from members of the Physicians for Social Responsibility and the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (PSR/IPPNW Switzerland). The chapter sheds light on their resistive actions, including conscientious objection, as well as on their effective discursive strategy of subjectivisation centring around the figure of the conscientious physician. This resistance contributed to a growing civil defence criticism that challenged the Swiss total national defence imaginary.

Published
2022

41. Conclusion: Civil defence futures (re)imagined

Author

Marie Cronqvist, Rosanna Farbøl, Casper Sylvest, Cronqvist, Marie, Farbøl, Rosanna, and Sylvest, Casper

Abstract

Reflecting on the individual studies of civil defence during the Cold War provided in this volume, this brief, concluding chapter performs three tasks. First, against the backdrop of the empirical analyses and the collective exploration of the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries, we reflect on the potential and limitations of this concept in historical scholarship. Second, we sum up the findings of the book by drawing attention to some of the most striking similarities and differences that emerge from the empirical chapters. Finally, we briefly make a case for the value and relevance of civil defence history for current imaginaries of security for civil society in Europe in the face of a highly diverse range of potential threats.

Published
2022

42. Commercial Radio Stations and their Dispositif. Transnational and Intermedial Perspectives on Radio Luxembourg and Europe n°1 in the Long Sixties

Author

Legay, Richard, Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C2DH) > Contemporary European History (EHI) [research center], Fickers, Andreas [superviser], Schafer, Valerie [president of the jury], Krebs, Stefan [member of the jury], Badenoch, Alexander [member of the jury], Birdsall, Carolyn [member of the jury], Cronqvist, Marie [member of the jury], and Lesch, Paul [member of the jury]

Subjects
Europe, Media, History, Radio Luxembourg, RTL, History [A04] [Arts & humanities], Dispositif, Histoire [A04] [Arts & sciences humaines], Transnational, Radio
Abstract

Commercial radio stations Radio Luxembourg (French and English services) and Europe n°1 are the focal point of this work. They were popular institutions in Western Europe throughout the Long Sixties (1958-1974) working across media and broadcasting transnationally. This thesis postulates the existence of an overarching dispositif of commercial radio stations that enabled them to operate on various dimensions and differentiated them from other broadcasters. The research conducted in this thesis leans on various historical sources (i.e. institutional archives, maps, radio programmes, magazines) to analyse the dispositif through three main lenses. The first lens focuses on the appropriation and representation by the stations of a transnational broadcasting space, thanks to institutional archives and maps. The second inquires into the construction of a soundscape of commercial radio and identifies its key features by a close study and thick description of recordings as source material. Magazines - namely Salut les Copains and Fabulous 208 - are the core sources of the third lens, which studies the intermedial and intertextual entanglements of Europe n°1 and Radio Luxembourg with other media. This thesis relies on various scales and multiple dimensions of radio - such as its materiality, content, significance, and commercialism - to conduct an historical analysis on a particularly diverse source material. Building on the empirical results obtained throughout the research, this thesis shows the relevance of the dispositif concept to encompass and explains the transnational and intermedial nature of commercial radio stations. By doing so, the thesis contributes to current calls in media history to look beyond national and single-medium borders.

Published
2020

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