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This research work is an inquiry into whether paths to power matter for the survival of ministers. Four different paths to ministerial positions are defined: 'Parliamentary', 'Party', 'Public Service' and 'Independent'. The theoretical perspective is based on both the ex-ante informational asymmetry and the moral hazard problem. A rigorous survival analysis was developed for the Portuguese case, and the main conclusion is that ministers who have attained power through the 'Party' path last longer in government than 'Parliamentary' ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on Leon Walras' theory of 'tatonnement.' Suggestion that the Walrasian program consists of describing how the mechanism of free competition among sellers of services who underbid one another and among buyers of products who outbid one another leads to a set of equilibrium prices; Notion of normal equilibrium as a 'rest position.'