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1. Active thermo-reflectometry for absolute temperature measurement by infrared thermography on specular materials

Author

Thomas Lafargue-Tallet, Romain Vaucelle, Cyril Caliot, Abderezak Aouali, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Alain Sommier, Raymond Peiffer, and Christophe Pradere

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Knowledge of material emissivity maps and their true temperatures is of great interest for contactless process monitoring and control with infrared cameras when strong heat transfer and temperature change are involved. This approach is always followed by emissivity or reflections issues. In this work, we describe the development of a contactless infrared imaging technique based on the pyro-reflectometry approach and a specular model of the material reflection in order to overcome emissivities and reflections problems. This approach enables in situ and real-time identification of emissivity fields and autocalibration of the radiative intensity leaving the sample by using a black body equivalent ratio. This is done to obtain the absolute temperature field of any specular material using the infrared wavelength. The presented set up works for both camera and pyrometer regardless of the spectral range. The proposed method is evaluated at room temperature with several heterogeneous samples covering a large range of emissivity values. From these emissivity fields, raw and heterogeneous measured radiative fluxes are transformed into complete absolute temperature fields.

Published
2022
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2. Terahertz Constant Velocity Flying Spot for 3D Tomographic Imaging

Author

Abderezak Aouali, Stéphane Chevalier, Alain Sommier, and Christophe Pradere

Subjects
infrared thermospectroscopy, 3D tomography, terahertz imaging sensor, chemical information, Photography, TR1-1050, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

This work reports on a terahertz tomography technique using constant velocity flying spot scanning as illumination. This technique is essentially based on the combination of a hyperspectral thermoconverter and an infrared camera used as a sensor, a source of terahertz radiation held on a translation scanner, and a vial of hydroalcoholic gel used as a sample and mounted on a rotating stage for the measurement of its absorbance at several angular positions. From the projections made in 2.5 h and expressed in terms of sinograms, the 3D volume of the absorption coefficient of the vial is reconstructed by a back-projection method based on the inverse Radon transform. This result confirms that this technique is usable on samples of complex and nonaxisymmetric shapes; moreover, it allows 3D qualitative chemical information with a possible phase separation in the terahertz spectral range to be obtained in heterogeneous and complex semitransparent media.

Published
2023
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3. Estimation of Thermal Resistance Field in Layered Materials by Analytical Asymptotic Method

Author

Marie-Marthe Groz, Mohamed Bensalem, Alain Sommier, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Stéphane Chevalier, Arsenii Chulkov, Jean-Luc Battaglia, Jean-Christophe Batsale, and Christophe Pradere

Subjects
thermal resistance estimation IR thermography, inverse processing, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

In this paper, the problem of the quantitative characterization of thermal resistance fields in a multilayer sample is addressed by using the classical front face flash method as the thermal excitation and infrared thermography (IRT) as the monitoring sensor. In this challenging problem, the complete inverse processing of a multilayer analytical model is difficult due to the lack of sensitivity of some parameters (layer thickness, depth of thermal resistance, etc.) and the expansive computational iterative processing. For these reasons, the proposed strategy is to use a simple multilayer problem where only one resistive layer is estimated. Moreover, to simplify the inverse processing often based on iterative methods, an asymptotic development method is proposed here. Regarding the thermal signal reconstruction (TSR) methods, the drawback of these methods is the inability to be quantitative. To overcome this problem, the method incorporates a calibration process originating from the complete analytical quadrupole solution to the thermal problem. This analytical knowledge allows self-calibration of the asymptotic method. From this calibration, the quantitative thermal resistance field of a sample can be retrieved with a reasonable accuracy lower than 5%.

Published
2020
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4. Integration study among flying spot laser thermography and terahertz technique for the inspection of panel paintings

Author

Stefano Sfarra, Ludovic Gavérina, Christophe Pradere, Alain Sommier, Jean-Christophe Batsale, University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Non-destructive inspection, Heat transfer, Flying spot laser technique, Thermography, Terahertz, Panel painting, Cultural heritage, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010406 physical chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 11. Sustainability, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Online first; International audience; Conservation of artworks is of paramount importance nowadays around the world. Clever conservation by using non-destructive testing techniques is highly appreciated by restorers and art historians. Among these, a special set-up working into the infrared region is the flying spot laser thermography technique that uses a punctual stimulus to transfer the heat from the source into the artwork. In this way, the precious surface is gently heated by avoiding any type of damage, such as color changes and/or shrinkage and warpage effects. To the best of our knowledge, the flying spot laser thermography technique, in the configuration proposed, has been used here for the first time in the cultural heritage field. It was applied in combination with terahertz inspection, an emergent technique in the field of art research, completely non-invasive and safe for the operator. The target to be inspected was a panel painting executed by following the rules dictated by the art master Cennino Cennini. Results demonstrated how such an integrated approach is plausible to provide robust information concerning invisible defects to the naked eye.

Published
2022

5. Infrared thermospectroscopic imaging of heat and mass transfers in laminar microfluidic reactive flows

Author

Christophe Pradere, J.-N. Tourvieille, Alain Sommier, Stéphane Chevalier, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)

Subjects
Exothermic reaction, Molar concentration, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, Heat and mass transfer, Analytical chemistry, Infrared spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, Sciences de l'ingénieur, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, FTIR imaging, Chemical engineering, Mass transfer, Environmental Chemistry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Physics::Chemical Physics, Thermospectroscopy, Spectrometer, 010401 analytical chemistry, Multiphase flow, Microfluidic reactor, Laminar flow, General Chemistry, General Medicine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Thermal fields, TP155-156, Inverse processing, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

In this work, a novel image-based method is presented to characterize the heat and mass transfer rates in a Hele-Shaw microfluidic reactor. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is used in transmission mode in combination with an infrared (IR) camera to simultaneously measure the molar concentration and the thermal fields in the microfluidic chip within few seconds. A classical exothermic NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O chemical reaction is used to produce a multiphase flow and a heat source in the reactor. The molar concentration fields of all the species are measured using the IR spectrum in the mid-IR region, and the heat fields are obtained simultaneously from the proper emission. The quantitative aspect of the method is illustrated by comparing the molar concentration profiles to a reactor model, based on the advection-diffusion-reaction equations. The good agreement between the model and experimental data validates the method, and the expected strong diffusion-limited reaction regime in laminar microfluidic reactor is achieved. Thus, the results of this work provide a new and efficient thermospectroscopic imaging method to perform rapid, contactless and in operando heat and mass transfer characterizations in laminar microfluidic reactive flows.

Published
2021

6. Contactless thermal profilometry of carbon-resin materials by IR thermography

Author

Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, M.M. Groz, A. Meziane, Alain Sommier, S. Chevalier, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ir thermography, Materials science, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Bilayer, Interface (computing), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], chemistry, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, Profilometer, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Instrumentation, Carbon, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

In this paper, we addressed the problem of quantitatively measuring the profile of bilayer media. A contactless thermal profilometry method is proposed. Concretely, this approach corresponds to measuring the interface between two media of a material. An experimental setup is proposed, and a methodology is presented to estimate the profile . Two examples, one numerical and one experimental, are presented in order to validate the method.

Published
2021

7. Thermospectroscopic Infrared Imaging of a Confined Drying Process

Author

S. Chevalier, Jacques Leng, E. Abisset, Alain Sommier, M. Lehtihet, Christophe Pradere, Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Infrared, General Chemical Engineering, Infrared imaging, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Colloid, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Thermal, Environmental Chemistry, Image resolution, Inverse method, Thermospectroscopy, Confined drying, Silica dispersion, Drop (liquid), General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Computational physics, Transport properties, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Imaging technique, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology, Transport phenomena, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

International audience; • InfraRed imaging technique for compositional and thermal mapping of transient systems. • Application to a drying droplet of silica dispersion confined between two hydrophobic substrates. • Colloids redistribution due to inhomogeneous drying is highlighted and accurately described. • A numerical statistical inverse method is used to retrieve mutual diffusion coefficient as transient maps. We present an infrared (IR) imaging technique that allows us to retrieve quantitative concentration and thermal maps with relatively fast acquisition times for samples that are evolving in time and have micron-scale spatial resolution. As a proof-of-concept, we image the transient drying kinetics of a μL drop of colloidal suspension in a confined geometry. Quantitative concentration maps inside the drying droplet are retrieved. Transport phenomena such as colloid redistribution inside the droplet due to inhomogeneous drying can be highlighted by this means. A numerical inverse method based on the acquired images that allows one to estimate intrinsic properties of the studied material, such as the collective diffusion coefficient of the mixture, is presented. Such a technique combined with statistical inverse methods provides a useful, non-invasive means of visualizing and estimating parameters of materials evolving in time.

Published
2021

8. Heat Capacity and Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity in Cr 2 AlC Single Crystals at High Temperature

Author

Matthieu J. Verstraete, Jean-Christophe Charlier, Thierry Ouisse, Antoine Dewandre, Christophe Pradere, Jean-Luc Battaglia, Andrzej Kusiak, Aurélie Champagne, Michel W. Barsoum, Varun Natu, Francesco Ricci, UCL - SST/IMCN/MODL - Modelling, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, General Energy, Thermal conductivity, Photothermal radiometry, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Anisotropy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The temperature dependences of both heat capacity and thermal conductivity in nanolamellar Cr2AlC single crystals are measured using modulated photothermal radiometry and compared to first-principles calculations. The electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity of Cr2AlC single crystals is computed ab initio by determining the electronic transport coefficients using density functional theory and by solving the Bloch−Boltzmann transport equation with a temperaturedependent relaxation time. The lattice thermal conductivity is predicted by going beyond the quasi-harmonic approximation and considering renormalized second- and third-order force constant matrices, with anharmonic three-phonon scattering, isotopic scattering, and scattering by carbon vacancies. Isotopic scattering does not modify the lattice thermal conductivity. In contrast, even a small concentration of carbon vacancies induces a substantial decrease of the in-plane lattice thermal conductivity. The anisotropy measured in the thermal conductivity, with a ratio of ∼2 over the whole temperature range, is confirmed theoretically. This anisotropy seems to mainly arise from lattice contributions. A similar anisotropy is expected for other MAX phases with identical layered structures.

Published
2020

9. The periodic pulse photothermal radiometry technique within the front face configuration

Author

Jean-Luc Battaglia, Emmanuel Ruffio, Emmanuelle Abisset, Alain Sommier, Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Stéphane Chevalier, Andrzej Kusiak, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Mécanique: Thermique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Transfer function, Dirac comb, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], symbols.namesake, Optics, Thermal conductivity, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Waveform, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, Detector, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 0104 chemical sciences, Pulse (physics), symbols, business
Abstract

The front face photothermal radiometry technique has been improved in order to estimate the thermal conductivity of thin films with better accuracy compared to existing techniques. The experimental procedure is based on the front face response to a nanoseconds laser pulse repeated periodically at high frequency, i. e., a Dirac comb waveform. Averaging the thermal response by considering thousands successive pulses allows improving largely the signal noise ratio. The unknown thermal properties and related experimental parameters are identified by minimizing the gap between the measured signal and the theoretical response that accounts with the pulse waveform, the repetition frequency and the detector transfer function. Minimization is first achieved by implementing first a simplex technique that gives an initial set of values to start the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm in a second step. Application of the proposed methodology is done considering amorphous GeTe film deposited on a Si wafer. It is shown that this experimental method as well as the implementation of the Bayes minimization technique allows to identify the thin film intrinsic thermal conductivity with high accuracy considering some uncertainty on the other parameters assumed to be known.

Published
2020

10. 3D reconstruction of thermal volumetric sources from surface temperature fields measured by infrared thermography

Author

Alain Sommier, Anissa Meziane, Christophe Pradere, Marie-Marthe Groz, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Field (physics), Acoustics, 02 engineering and technology, tomography, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Energy transformation, 3D reconstruction, business.industry, Thermoacoustics, non-destructive testing, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 13. Climate action, Thermography, infrared thermography, inverse problem, Ultrasonic sensor, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; Non-destructive testing (NDT) of materials and structures is a very important industrial issue in the fields of transport, aeronautics and space as well as in the medical domain. Active infrared thermography is an NDT method that consists in providing an external excitation to cause an elevation of the temperature field in the material, consequently allowing evaluation of the resulting temperature field at the surface. However, thermal exciters that are used (flash lamps, halogen, lasers) act only on the surface of the sample. On the other hand, several energy conversion systems can lead to the generation of volumetric sources; the phenomena of thermo-acoustics, thermo-induction, thermomechanics or thermochemistry can be cited. For instance, ultrasonic waves can generate volumetric heat sources if the material is viscoelastic or if there is a defect. The reconstruction of these sources is the initial process for the quantification of parameters responsible for the heating. Characterizing a heat source means reconstructing its geometry and the supplied power. Identification of volumetric heat sources from surface temperature fields is a mathematically ill-posed problem. The main cause of the issue is the diffusive nature of the temperature. In this work, 3D reconstruction of the volumetric heat sources from the resulting surface temperature field, measured by infrared thermography, is studied. An analysis of the physical problem enables specifying the limits of the reconstruction. In particular, a criterion on the achievable spatial resolution is defined, and a reconstruction limitation for in-depth sources is highlighted.

Published
2020

11. Bayesian Inference for 3D Volumetric Heat Sources Reconstruction from Surfacic IR Imaging

Author

Marie-Marthe Groz, Alain Sommier, Christophe Pradere, Anissa Meziane, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Mécanique: Thermique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], bayesian inference, Acoustics, Joule effect, tomography, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, lcsh:Technology, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, General Materials Science, 3D reconstruction, Instrumentation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, 3d reconstruction, business.industry, lcsh:T, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, non-destructive testing, Inverse problem, lcsh:QC1-999, Computer Science Applications, Characterization (materials science), lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:TA1-2040, infrared thermography, inverse problem, Tomography, business, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:Physics
Abstract

The domain of non-destructive testing (NDT) or thermal characterization is currently often done by using contactless methods based on the use of an IR camera to monitor the transient temperature response of a system or sample warmed by using any heat source. Though many techniques use optical excitation (flash lamps, lasers, etc.), some techniques use volumetric sources such as acoustic or induction waves. In this paper, we propose a new inverse processing method, which allows for the estimation of 3D fields of heat sources from surface temperature measurements. This method should be associated with volumetric heat source generation. To validate the method, a volumetric source was generated by the Joule effect in a homogeneous PVC sample using an electrical thin cylindrical wire molded in the material. The inverse processing allows us to retrieve the depth of the wire and its geometrical shape and size. This tool could be a new procedure for retrieving 3D defects on NDT.

Published
2020

12. Analyzing efficiency of optical and THz infrared thermography in nondestructive testing of GFRPs by using the Tanimoto criterion

Author

A.O. Siddiqui, Y.L.V.D. Prasad, Christophe Pradere, Alain Sommier, А.О. Chulkov, Vladimir P. Vavilov, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Infrared, Terahertz radiation, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Xenon, Optics, law, Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010301 acoustics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Glass fiber reinforced polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Halogen lamp, chemistry, Thermography, Test performance, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; This study has illustrated the potentials of optical and THz infrared thermography in the identification of inserts of different nature in glass fiber reinforced polymer. The inspection efficiency has been comparatively evaluated by applying the Tanimoto criterion. The best test procedure has proven to be one-sided stationary thermal nondestructive testing (TNDT) implementing optical heating with Xenon lamps (Tanimoto criterion 87%). Close values of the Tanimoto criterion have been achieved by using the optical and THz line-scanning procedures. A more subjective evaluation of test procedures has been performed by comparing eight parameters of test performance. The line-scanning TNDT procedure implementing optical heating with halogen lamps seems to be optimal in practical applications.

Published
2020

13. Constant Velocity Flying Spot for the estimation of in-plane thermal diffusivity on anisotropic materials

Author

Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Arantza Mendioroz, Agustín Salazar, Jean-Luc Battaglia, Alberto Oleaga, Alain Sommier, J. González, L. Gaverina, M. Bensalem, A. Bedoya, Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Infrared, 020209 energy, Isotropy, General Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Thermal diffusivity, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Thermography, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Thermal analysis, Anisotropy, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The Flying-Spot infrared thermography was introduced more than twenty years ago to detect narrow cracks. Recent progress made in optical control, lasers and infrared cameras allows extending the Flying-Spot technique for a quantitative thermal analysis. In this work, we propose a Constant Velocity Flying Spot to measure the in-plane thermal diffusivity of isotropic and anisotropic materials. We demonstrate that the logarithmic temperature profiles perpendicular to the laser motion are parabolic functions from which the thermal diffusivity along this direction is obtained. We have investigated two equivalent experimental configurations: (a) Moving laser with motionless sample and (b) moving sample with motionless laser spot. Both are of practical interest: the first one leads to identify thermal heterogeneities in macroscopic samples and the second one leads to measure the thermal properties of materials in in-line production processes. Measurements performed on calibrated samples (from insulators to good thermal conductors) with both configurations confirm the reliability of the method to measure the in-plane thermal diffusivity with an error less than 4%.

Published
2019

14. Lock-in thermography on moving samples: amazing mismatch between amplitude and phase

Author

Jean-Christophe Batsale, Agustín Salazar, Arantza Mendioroz, L. Zamanillo, Umberto Galietti, M. Colom, Alain Sommier, Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 020209 energy, thermal diffusivity, Phase (waves), 02 engineering and technology, Thermal diffusivity, photothermal techniques, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Laser beams, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Constant velocity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Sample (graphics), Amplitude, Flying spot, lock-in thermography, Thermography, Infrared thermography, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We have obtained an analytical expression for the surface temperature of a sample that is moving at constant velocity when it is illuminated by a modulated and focused laser beam, which remains at ...

Published
2019

15. Characterization of 3D defects and volumic heat sources using inverse Dirac model

Author

Christophe Pradere, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Marie-Marthe Groz, Anissa Meziane, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

16. Thin Coatings of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Anti-Reflective Properties

Author

Lauriane D’Alençon, Jacques Leng, Christophe Pradere, Laura J. Romasanta, Sara Kirchner, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Cerium oxide, Materials science, Silicon, microfluidics, Nanoparticle, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 010402 general chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:Chemistry, anti-reflection, medicine, General Materials Science, Instrumentation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, High-refractive-index polymer, lcsh:T, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, Cerium oxide nanoparticles, self-assembly, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Evaporation (deposition), lcsh:QC1-999, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, convective self-assembly, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:TA1-2040, Optoelectronics, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 0210 nano-technology, business, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Refractive index, Ultraviolet, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

Cerium oxide, in addition to its catalytic properties, is also known for its optical properties such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation filtering and a relatively high refractive index ( n &gt, 2 ), which makes it an excellent candidate for multifunctional coatings. Here, we focus on the optical properties of thin deposits (≲2 &mu, m) of densely packed C e O 2 nanoparticles, which we assemble using two evaporation-based techniques: convective self-assembly (CSA, a type of very slow blade-coating) to fabricate large-scale coatings of controllable thickness&mdash, from tens of nanometres to a few micrometers&mdash, and microfluidic pervaporation which permits us to add some micro-structure to the coatings. Spectroscopic ellipsometry yields the refractive index of the resulting nano-porous coatings, which behave as lossy dielectrics in the UV-visible regime and loss-less dielectrics in the visible to infra-red (IR) regime, in this regime, the fairly high refractive index (&asymp, 1.8) permits us to evidence thickness-tunable anti-reflection on highly refractive substrates, such as silicon, and concomitant enhanced transmissions which we checked in the mid-IR region.

Published
2019

17. Inverse Analysis Tools for Defect and/or Sources Identification

Author

Emmanuelle Abisset, Christophe Pradere, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie (LMT), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

18. Flying-spot thermography: measuring the in-plane (an)isotropic thermal diffusivity of large and complex parts

Author

J. González, Agustín Salazar, Alain Sommier, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Christophe Pradere, Adrián Bedoya, Arantza Mendioroz, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Isotropy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermal diffusivity, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, In plane, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermography, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

19. Infrared thermospectroscopic imaging and tomography of confined process

Author

Moncef Lehtihet, Jacques Leng, Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, Rhodia, Lab Future, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], and University of Edinburgh

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Materials science, Infrared, business.industry, Silica gel, 010401 analytical chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Absorbance, 03 medical and health sciences, Colloid, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, chemistry, Volume fraction, Emissivity, Tomography, Deconvolution, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

In this paper is presented an IR imaging technique allowing one to retrieve quantitative concentration and temperature maps with relatively fast acquisition times of samples evolving in time. A model study is realized based on the drying of a drop of colloidal dispersion in confined geometry and quantitative maps of colloid volume fraction and temperature everywhere in the dorp are retrieved. Finally, a secondary technique of IR tomography is presented to extend the setup sensitivity to the thickness of the sample and 3D tomographs of both thermal emissivity and IR absorbance of a silica gel are constructed numerically.

Published
2019

20. Fast sizing of the width of infinite vertical cracks using constant velocity Flying-Spot thermography

Author

J. González, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Christophe Pradere, Agustín Salazar, Alain Sommier, Arantza Mendioroz, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Rest (physics), Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Sample (graphics), Sizing, law.invention, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Thermography, Line (geometry), Perpendicular, General Materials Science, business, 010301 acoustics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Constant Velocity Flying-Spot thermography consists in scanning the sample surface by a focused CW-laser spot moving at constant speed. This technique was designed to study large surfaces in short times. In this work, we propose a method, based on a Flying-Spot thermography setup, to size the width of vertical cracks by fitting the temperature profile along the line that contains the center of the laser spot and is perpendicular to the crack to its analytical expression. This method is also valid in the opposite configuration, where the laser spot remains at rest and the sample is moving at constant velocity. This configuration is useful for in-line inspection in factories, for detecting and sizing cracks in real time, without stopping the production chain. Experimental measurements on stainless steel samples containing calibrated vertical cracks confirm the validity of the method to measure the crack width with high accuracy, even for submicronic wide cracks.

Published
2019

21. Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Thermal Volumetric Sources from Surface Temperature Fields Measured by Infrared Thermography

Author

Christophe Pradere, Marie-Marthe Groz, Anissa Meziane, Alain Sommier, Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne, Institut de Calcul Intensif (ICI), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Field (physics), Mécanique: Thermique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Acoustics, tomography, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], inverse problem, infrared thermography, non-destructive testing, 3D reconstruction, Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Energy transformation, General Materials Science, Instrumentation, 010302 applied physics, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, Computer Science Applications, Thermography, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Ultrasonic sensor, business
Abstract

Non-destructive testing (NDT) of materials and structures is a very important industrial issue in the fields of transport, aeronautics and space as well as in the medical domain. Active infrared thermography is an NDT method that consists of providing an external excitation to cause an elevation of the temperature field in the material, consequently allowing evaluation of the resulting temperature field at the surface. However, thermal exciters that are used (flash lamps, halogen, lasers) act only on the surface of the sample. On the other hand, several energy conversion systems can lead to the generation of volumetric sources, the phenomena of thermo-acoustics, thermo-induction, thermomechanics or thermochemistry can be cited. For instance, ultrasonic waves can generate volumetric heat sources if the material is viscoelastic or if there is a defect. The reconstruction of these sources is the initial process for the quantification of parameters responsible for the heating. Characterizing a heat source means reconstructing its geometry and the supplied power. Identification of volumetric heat sources from surface temperature fields is a mathematically ill-posed problem. The main cause of the issue is the diffusive nature of the temperature. In this work, 3D reconstruction of the volumetric heat sources from the resulting surface temperature field, measured by infrared thermography, is studied. An analysis of the physical problem enables specifying the limits of the reconstruction. In particular, a criterion on the achievable spatial resolution is defined, and a reconstruction limitation for in-depth sources is highlighted.

Published
2019

22. Thermal Chladni plate experiments to reveal and estimate spatially dependent vibrothermal source

Author

Christophe Pradere, Anissa Meziane, Samuel Rodriguez, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, business.industry, Mechanics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Viscoelasticity, Vibration, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Anisotropy, 010301 acoustics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mechanical energy, Thermal energy
Abstract

In viscoelastic media, mechanical energy is partially converted to thermal energy. Thus, the vibration of a structure implies that there are thermal heat sources due to mechanical dissipati...

Published
2018

23. Time-Resolved Temperature Map Prediction of Concentration Photovoltaics Systems by Means of Coupled Ray Tracing Flux Analysis and Thermal Quadrupoles Modelling

Author

Alejandro Mateos-Canseco, Christophe Pradere, Arturo Díaz-Ponce, Jean-Luc Battaglia, Luis D. Patiño-Lopez, Manuel I. Peña-Cruz, Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Fresnel lens, Control and Optimization, Materials science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 020209 energy, Computation, Irradiance, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Flux, 02 engineering and technology, thermal quadrupoles, 7. Clean energy, lcsh:Technology, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, Photovoltaics, temperature field, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 2D transient thermal analysis, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering (miscellaneous), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ray tracing, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, lcsh:T, solar concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Computational physics, Ray tracing (graphics), Transient (oscillation), 0210 nano-technology, business, CPV systems, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract

A transient 3D thermal model based on the thermal quadrupole method, coupled to ray tracing analysis, is presented. This methodology can predict transient temperature maps under any time-fluctuating irradiance flux&mdash, either synthetic or experimental&mdash, providing a useful tool for the design and parametric optimization of concentration photovoltaics systems. Analytic simulations of a concentration photovoltaics system thermal response and assessment of in-plane thermal gradients induced by fast tracking point perturbations, like those induced by wind, are provided and discussed for the first time. Computation times for time-resolved temperature maps can be as short as 9 s for a full month of system operation, with stimuli inspired by real data. Such information could pave the way for more accurate studies of cell reliability under any set of worldwide irradiance conditions.

Published
2018

24. Advanced thermal impedance network for the heat diffusion with sources

Author

Emmanuel Ruffio, Christophe Pradere, Jean-Luc Battaglia, Alain Degiovanni, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Thermal resistance, General Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Formalism (philosophy of mathematics), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Quadrupole, Heat transfer, Heat equation, 0210 nano-technology, Electrical impedance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A new focus is given regarding the use of the quadrupole technique to solve heat diffusion problems with heat source in layered structures. The thermal impedances formalism is used that allows representing the heat transfer in such systems as impedances network. This approach offers a fast and accurate mean to calculate the average temperature of the heat source according to its spatial local and its transient evolution.

Published
2018

25. Characterization of buried heat sources using Dirac excitation

Author

Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

26. Capability of THz for Thermo-transmittance/water content measurements of insulating materials: heat and mass transfer

Author

Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

27. Coupling Pulsed Flying Spot technique with robot automation for industrial thermal characterization

Author

Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

28. Micro-scale temperature measurement at the co-flow interface in the micro-fluidics device

Author

Christophe Pradere, Marie Marthe, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

29. Combination of terahertz radiation method and thermal probe method for non-destructive thermal diagnosis of thick building walls

Author

Yingying Yang, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Alain Sempey, Tingting Vogt Wu, Christophe Pradere, Alain Sommier, CERC - Centre d'Études et de Recherches Comparatistes - EA 172 (CERC), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Materials science, Terahertz radiation, business.industry, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Capacitive sensing, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Radiation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Characterization (materials science), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Thermal probe, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Boundary value problem, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Layer (electronics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Non-destructive thermal diagnosis of walls is a crucial theme for the renovation of old buildings, the examination of building structures and the accreditation of new buildings. Nevertheless, there are very few diagnostic methods for the characterization of thick walls. In this study, an innovative approach that combines terahertz radiation method and thermal probe method is proposed. Firstly, a method using THz (terahertz) radiation is investigated and primary experimental results are shown. This THz radiation method has a large potential to characterize the dense building materials (concrete, plaster) in a short time. However, this method is less sensitive to the light insulating materials which are totally transparent to such THz radiation, and it is also impossible to identify the structure and layer order in the case of multilayer walls. Then, based on the classical thermal probe method, three multilayer walls formed of plaster, concrete and insulation materials which are common components of building walls are considered. A short time thermal probe method with an assumption of semi-infinite boundary condition is innovatively proposed. This thermal method is able to identify the first layer of wall and characterize light insulating materials or insulating and slightly capacitive materials. Therefore, with the two methods, both the dense materials and light insulating materials can be characterized. Finally, a combined application of the two methods is discussed and analyzed.

Published
2018

30. Calibration Procedure for Attenuation Coefficient Measurements in Highly Opaque Media Using Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA) Spectroscopy

Author

Meguya Ryu, Sebastien Narinsamy, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Alain Sommier, Sara Kirchner, M. Romano, Christophe Pradere, Jacques Leng, Junko Morikawa, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Tomsk Polytechnic University [Russie] (UPT)

Subjects
Time delay and integration, Materials science, Opacity, Infrared, integration time, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, multispectral imaging, Transmittance, Calibration, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spectroscopy, Monochromator, Spectrometer, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Water, MWIR, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, mid-wave infrared spectroscopy, 0104 chemical sciences, Attenuation coefficient, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this article is to present a new calibration procedure for spectroscopic measurements using an infrared focal plane array (IRFPA) spectrometer on highly opaque middle-wave infrared (MWIR) media. The procedure is based on the properties of the IRFPA camera and especially the integration time (IT), which is the main parameter that can be adjusted to control the sensitivity of the measurements. The goal of the paper is to experimentally validate this dependence with the direct reference intensity light coming out of the IR monochromator in order to predict the spectrum shape and intensity level in a range out of the camera saturation. This method allows determining spectrum used as background for transmittance calculation. It has been applied in the case of measurement of water transmittance, which is a highly opaque medium and whose measurement requires high ITs. The main result is the ability to take an IR spectroscopic imaging measurement through 300 µm of water and the determination of its transmittance with sufficient sensitivity due to the proposed calibration procedure. This procedure allows the possibility of transitory studies in heterogeneous aqueous media.

Published
2017

31. The Joule heating problem in silver nanowire transparent electrodes

Author

Alireza Khosropour, Christophe Pradere, Luzhu Xu, Hadi Hosseinzadeh Khaligh, Michael A. Pope, Alexandra Madeira, Irene A. Goldthorpe, Mona Tréguer-Delapierre, Laurent Servant, M. Romano, Institute for Nanotechnology [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Waterloo] (ECE), Department of Chemical Engineering [Waterloo], Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, the CNRS National Science Foundation under the grant « IMAG'IN »​ No. 58057., Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Materials science, Organic solar cell, Passivation, Nanowire, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Graphene, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Indium tin oxide, 13. Climate action, Mechanics of Materials, Electrode, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Joule heating
Abstract

International audience; Silver nanowire transparent electrodes have shown considerable potential to replace conventional transparent conductive materials. However, in this report we show that Joule heating is a unique and serious problem with these electrodes. When conducting current densities encountered in organic solar cells, the average surface temperature of indium tin oxide (ITO) and silver nanowire electrodes, both with sheet resistances of 60 ohms/square, remains below 35 °C. However, in contrast to ITO, the temperature in the nanowire electrode is very non-uniform, with some localized points reaching temperatures above 250 °C. These hotspots accelerate nanowire degradation, leading to electrode failure after 5 days of continuous current flow. We show that graphene, a commonly used passivation layer for these electrodes, slows nanowire degradation and creates a more uniform surface temperature under current flow. However, the graphene does not prevent Joule heating in the nanowires and local points of high temperature ultimately shift the failure mechanism from nanowire degradation to melting of the underlying plastic substrate. In this paper, surface temperature mapping, lifetime testing under current flow, post-mortem analysis, and modelling illuminate the behaviour and failure mechanisms of nanowires under extended current flow and provide guidelines for managing Joule heating.

Published
2017

32. Infrared thermo-spectroscopic imaging of styrene radical polymerization in microfluidics

Author

Meguya Ryu, Christophe Pradere, T. Sato, Ryuichi Nakatani, James A. Kimber, Sergei G. Kazarian, Teruaki Hayakawa, A.A. Hovhannisyan, M. Romano, Junko Morikawa, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Technology, Engineering, Chemical, Materials science, Infrared, General Chemical Engineering, Microfluidics, Radical polymerization, Analytical chemistry, FABRICATION, 0904 Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Chemical reaction, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 0905 Civil Engineering, Styrene, Polymerization, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Engineering, Environmental Chemistry, WATER, Microscale thermal imaging, Infrared spectroscopy, TEMPERATURE, Microscale chemistry, KINETICS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Science & Technology, 010401 analytical chemistry, SEGMENTED-FLOW, Engineering, Environmental, General Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, IR spectroscopic imaging, Chemical species, 0907 Environmental Engineering, chemistry, CHIP CALORIMETRY, 0210 nano-technology, MICRODEVICES
Abstract

A novel infrared (IR) thermo-spectroscopic imaging technique is applied to the simultaneous measurements of IR transmittance spectroscopic images and thermal emission images of heat and mass transfers of styrene monomer polymerization in microfluidics. The heat released is observed in the mixing layer between two laminar flows of styrene monomer and toluene containing an initiator for polymerization. The concentration of chemical species and the independently measured temperature distribution within the mixing layer are determined at the microscale. This is the first report, of such a non-invasive method, to determine both the chemical composition and temperature distribution in microfluidic chemical reactions.

Published
2017

33. Study of methodology for quantitative thermal diagnostic of wall

Author

Yingying Yang, Alain Sommier, Jean-Christophe Batsale, T Vogt-Wu, Jean Dumoulin, Alain Sempey, Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Statistical Inference for Structural Health Monitoring (I4S), Département Composants et Systèmes (IFSTTAR/COSYS), PRES Université Lille Nord de France-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Structure et Instrumentation Intégrée (IFSTTAR/COSYS/SII), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Infrared, Computer science, 020209 energy, thermal properties, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, thermal quadrupoles model, truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD), IR thermography, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Face (geometry), Thermal, non-destructive evaluation (NDE), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Emissivity, Transient (oscillation), Deconvolution, wall, Inverse method
Abstract

International audience; Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) method has been popularly used for thermal diagnosis of building envelop in order to retrofit old buildings, detect civil engineering structures and accredit new buildings. The infrared thermography technique has been widely applied in the NDE method. In order to develop new solutions for diagnostic of local thermal performance, experiments were carried out on two cases of multi-layer walls. Experimental results of emissivity, temperature, and heat fluxes will be shown and analyzed in this article. The main originality of this work is to try to compute the front face temperature response to transient periodic heating by computing the front face pulse response. Such front face pulse response is obtained by a deconvolution method and a TSVD inverse method. The thermal properties of the wall will be characterized through the opotimization method based on the thermal quadrupoles model.

Published
2017

34. Pulsed flying spot with the logarithmic parabolas method for the estimation of in-plane thermal diffusivity fields on heterogeneous and anisotropic materials

Author

L. Gaverina, Christophe Pradere, J. C. Batsale, Alain Sommier, Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Logarithm, Field (physics), business.industry, Infrared, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermal diffusivity, 01 natural sciences, Laser flash analysis, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, 0210 nano-technology, business, Anisotropy, Excitation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; A novel thermal non-destructive technique based on a Pulsed Flying Spot is presented here by considering in-plane logarithmic processing of the relaxing temperature field around the heat source spot. Recent progress made in optical control, lasers, and infrared cameras permits the acquisition of 2D temperature fields and localized thermal excitation on a small area instead of the entire recorded image. This study focuses on a new method based on spatial logarithm analysis of a temperature field to analyse and measure different parameters, such as the in-plane thermal diffusivity and localization of the spot. In this paper, this method is presented and the first results of heterogeneous anisotropic materials are depicted. The in-plane thermal diffusivity is estimated with an error lower than 4%, and the initial location of the heating spot is determined. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx.

Published
2017

35. Non-contact temperature field measurement of solids by infrared multispectral thermotransmittance

Author

Meguya Ryu, Jean-Luc Battaglia, M. Romano, Alain Sommier, Christophe Pradere, Andrzej Kusiak, Junko Morikawa, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Materials science, Silicon, Field (physics), business.industry, Infrared, Multispectral image, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Transmittance, Sapphire, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Absolute zero, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

This work aims to achieve contactless absolute-temperature measurements of infrared-semi-transparent solids using an infrared thermal and spectroscopic imaging technique. The multispectral thermo-transmittance coefficient fields in the 3–5 μm wavelength range for Sapphire, KBr, and Silicon are determined to be 6 × 10−4 K−1, 4 × 10−4 K−1, and −3 × 10−3 K−1, respectively. The most interesting result is the high temperature-dependent transmittance coefficient in the middle wave infrared region. With these coefficients, the absolute temperature fields in a range from room temperature to 140 °C are shown.

Published
2017

36. Mesure de cartographies de teneur en eau par imagerie térahertz

Author

Hocine Boutaleb, Alain Sommier, Jean-Rodolphe Puiggali, Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Laura Rodriguez, Denis Bruneau, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Engineering (miscellaneous), Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

37. Estimating the humidity of wood by terahertz infrared thermography

Author

Christophe Pradere, A. O. Chulkov, Vladimir P. Vavilov, Jean-Christophe Batsale, J. R. Puiggali, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DEPARTAMENT D'ENGINYERIA QUIMICA, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Materials science, Terahertz radiation, Infrared, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Humidity, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Thermography, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Remote sensing
Abstract

The usage of terahertz infrared thermography for assessing the humidity of wooden samples is described. Terahertz radiation transmitted through a sample is imaged by means of a tera-thermoconverter. The temperature field of the converter is analyzed with an infrared imager. The possibility of using the technique for testing the nonuniformity of drying of timber is illustrated.

Published
2016

38. Simultaneous microscopic measurements of thermal and spectroscopic fields of a phase change material

Author

Christophe Pradere, M. Romano, Meguya Ryu, Junko Morikawa, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, business.industry, Multispectral image, Infrared wavelength, Infrared spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Phase-change material, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Characterization (materials science), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Paraffin wax, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

In this paper, simultaneous microscopic measurements of thermal and spectroscopic fields of a paraffin wax n-alkane phase change material are reported. Measurements collected using an original set-up are presented and discussed with emphasis on the ability to perform simultaneous characterization of the system when the proposed imaging process is used. Finally, this work reveals that the infrared wavelength contains two sets of important information. Furthermore, this versatile and flexible technique is well adapted to characterize many systems in which the mass and heat transfers effects are coupled.

Published
2016

39. Thermal Instrumentation for the Control of Manufacturing Processes of Organic Matrix Composite Materials

Author

Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Organic matrix, Instrumentation (computer programming), 0210 nano-technology, Process engineering, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

40. Thermal (IR) and Other NDT Techniques for Improved Material Inspection

Author

Beata Oswald-Tranta, Giovanni Maria Carlomagno, Vladimir P. Vavilov, Xavier Maldague, Daniel L. Balageas, Douglas Burleigh, Jean-Michel Roche, Christophe Pradere, Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Ultrasonic testing, Mechanical engineering, Dye penetrant inspection, Sensor fusion, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mechanics of Materials, law, Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, Solid mechanics, Digital image processing, Eddy current, Forensic engineering, Ultrasonic sensor, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Thermal nondestructive testing (TNDT) may be considered to be a more widely applicable method than many traditional techniques, such as X ray, ultrasonic, eddy current, liquid penetrant, etc. It can be applied to both metals and non-metals containing subsurface defects such as cracks, foreign inclusions, disbonds, delaminations, variations in thermal properties, etc. This is especially true for composite materials, and TNDT is very appropriate for screening purposes. TNDT test results may be analyzed by advanced image processing algorithms. This paper provides a concise review of composite NDT using TNDT in combination with other inspection techniques, providing an opportunity for data fusion.

Published
2016

41. Measurement of Water Content in a Wood Sample by Terahertz Imaging

Author

M. Bensalem, Alain Sommier, Christophe Pradere, J. C. Batsale, Jean-Christophe Mindeguia, Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Materials science, Terahertz radiation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Composite material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Water content, Sample (graphics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

42. A flash characterisation method for thin cylindrical multilayered composites based on the combined front and rear faces thermograms

Author

Jean-Christophe Batsale, Loys Duquesne, Gerard L. Vignoles, Christophe Lorrette, Christophe Pradere, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux (LCTS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Recherches Métallurgiques Appliquées (SRMA), Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Flash method, Materials science, Infrared, 02 engineering and technology, Thermal diffusivity, 01 natural sciences, Flash (photography), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Cylinder, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, Nuclear fuel, business.industry, SiC/SiC composite, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cladding (fiber optics), cylindrical geometry, Face (geometry), infrared thermography, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; The flash method, known as the most used experimental technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of solids, has been adapted to cylindrical highly diffusive and heterogeneous multilayered samples. In order to overcome the heterogeneities issue and give a more accurate estimation of the sample thermal properties, the front face and rear face thermal responses have been simultaneously recorded using an infrared camera. A homogeneous monolithic SiC cylinder has been tested to validate this experimental method which has finally been applied to 2D bi-layered SiC$_f$/SiC cylinders used for nuclear fuel cladding.

Published
2016

43. Infrared image processing devoted to thermal non-contact characterization-Applications to Non-Destructive Evaluation, Microfluidics and 2D source term distribution for multispectral tomography

Author

Christophe Pradere, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
History, Pixel, business.industry, Chemistry, Multispectral image, Thermal diffusivity, Computer Science Applications, Education, Characterization (materials science), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Heat transfer, Heat equation, Diffusion (business), business, Transport phenomena, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The cost of IR cameras is more and more decreasing. Beyond the preliminary calibration step and the global instrumentation, the infrared image processing is then one of the key step for achieving in very broad domains.Generally the IR images are coming from the transient temperature field related to the emission of a black surface in response to an external or internal heating (active IR thermography). The first applications were devoted to the so called thermal Non-Destructive Evaluation methods by considering a thin sample and 1D transient heat diffusion through the sample (transverse diffusion). With simplified assumptions related to the transverse diffusion, the in-plane diffusion and transport phenomena can be also considered.A general equation can be applied in order to balance the heat transfer at the pixel scale or between groups of pixels in order to estimate several fields of thermophysical properties (heterogeneous field of in-plane diffusivity, flow distributions, source terms).There is a lot of possible strategies to process the space and time distributed big amount of data (previous integral transformation of the images, compression, elimination of the non useful areas...), generally based on the necessity to analyse the derivative versus space and time of the temperature field. Several illustrative examples related to the Non-Destructive Evaluation of heterogeneous solids, the thermal characterization of chemical reactions in microfluidic channels and the design of systems for multispectral tomography, will be presented.

Published
2015

44. Water detection in honeycomb composite structures using terahertz thermography

Author

V. P. Vavilov, L. Gaverina, Christophe Pradere, A. Chulkov, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Active infrared, Structural material, Materials science, business.industry, Terahertz radiation, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, Honeycomb (geometry), Condensed Matter Physics, Honeycomb structure, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mechanics of Materials, Thermography, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Experimental results on the detection of latent water in a honeycomb fiberglass structure using terahertz thermography are presented. These data are compared with data that were obtained using active infrared thermography.

Published
2015

45. Thermal analysis of droplet flow: Numerical, analytical and experimental investigations

Author

M. Romano, R. Guillaument, Christophe Pradere, Cindy Hany, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Région Aquitaine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Millifluidics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Thermal analysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Lagrangian, Multiphase flow, Mechanics, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Solver, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermography, Heat transfer, Infrared thermography, Hydrodynamics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; This article reports the thermal behavior analysis of droplet flow for a scenario in which the hydrodynamic and thermal effects are coupled in a cylindrical miniaturized channel; this analysis was performed by comparing numerical, analytical and experimental results. The 3D numerical modeling of the droplet flow was performed using THETIS, a multi-fluid Navier–Stokes solver. A 1D analytical model in Lagrangian space based on a thin-fin thermal approximation was developed. Infrared thermography measurements of droplet flows were used to experimentally determine the temperature fields inside droplets, and these results were compared with those obtained from the simulations and the analytical approach. The originality of this work is the choice of a particular thermal scene to mimic a chemical situation in order to improve understanding and to illustrate the predominant exchanges by model simplification. Furthermore, the results of this study are important for understanding the heat transfer occurring inside droplets for lab-on-chip applications.

Published
2015

46. Subsurface imaging for panel paintings inspection: A comparative study of the ultraviolet, the visible, the Infrared and the terahertz spectra

Author

J.-P. Caumes, Clemente Ibarra-Castanedo, Christophe Pradere, Moulay A. Akhloufi, J. C. Batsale, S. Sfarra, Abdelhakim Bendada, Xavier Maldague, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Materials science, Terahertz radiation, Infrared, near infrared reflectography, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, near infrared reflectography, infrared thermography, ultraviolet, terahertz, panel paintings inspection, underdrawings/defects detection and characterization, terahertz, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, ultraviolet, medicine, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Subsurface imaging, Radiation, business.industry, underdrawings/defects detection and characterization, 010401 analytical chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, panel paintings inspection, 0104 chemical sciences, infrared thermography, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultraviolet
Abstract

Infrared (IR) reflectography has been used for many years for the detection of underdrawings on panel paintings. Advances in the fields of IR sensors and optics have impelled the wide spread use of IR reflectography by several recognized Art Museums and specialized laboratories around the World. The transparency or opacity of a painting is the result of a complex combination of the optical properties of the painting pigments and the underdrawing material, as well as the type of illumination source and the sensor characteristics. For this reason, recent researches have been directed towards the study of multispectral approaches that could provide simultaneous and complementary information of an artwork. The present work relies on non−simultaneous multispectral inspection using a set of detectors covering from the ultraviolet to the terahertz spectra. It is observed that underdrawings contrast increases with wavelength up to 1700 nm and, then, gradually decreases. In addition, it is shown that IR thermography, i.e., temperature maps or thermograms, could be used simultaneously as an alternative technique for the detection of underdrawings besides the detection of subsurface defects.

Published
2015

47. Fast infrared imaging spectroscopy technique (FIIST)

Author

M. Romano, Alain Sommier, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Christophe Pradere, Junko Morikawa, Laurent Servant, Joelle Mascetti, C. Ndiaye, A. Duphil, Tohoku University [Sendai], Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Chemical imaging, medicine.medical_specialty, Materials science, Multispectral image, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, medicine, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Remote sensing, Spectrometer, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Resolution (electron density), Hyperspectral imaging, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Spectral imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We describe an infrared multispectral imaging spectrometer capable of monitoring up to 76,800 spectra in less than 3 min. In this article, measurements collected using this set-up are presented and discussed, emphasizing the resolution (spatial and temporal), accuracy and capabilities of the instrument. Finally, some applications of multispectral imaging are presented.

Published
2015

48. Quantitative thermal analysis of heat transfer in liquid–liquid biphasic millifluidic droplet flows

Author

Cindy Hany, M. Romano, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Christophe Pradere, Jean Toutain, Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Materials science, Mécanique: Thermique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], thermophysical property estimation, Flow (psychology), Mixing (process engineering), Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020401 chemical engineering, Thermal, heat transfer, millifluidics, Boundary value problem, 0204 chemical engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Representation (mathematics), Thermal analysis, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biphasic flow, Heat transfer, Thermography, infrared thermography, 0210 nano-technology, Mécanique: Mécanique des fluides [Sciences de l'ingénieur]
Abstract

In this paper, infrared thermography is used to propose a simple quantitative approach toward understanding the thermal behaviour of a liquid–liquid biphasic millifluidic droplet flow under isoperibolic conditions. It is shown that due to the isoperibolic boundary condition, the thermal behaviour at the established periodic state can be managed according to different orders, i.e. either a continuous or fluctuating contribution. A complete analytical solution is proposed for the complex problem model, then a simplified model is proposed. Finally, a simple homogeneous equivalent thin body model approximation with a characteristic coefficient function of a biphasic flow mixing law is sufficient for describing the thermal behaviour of the media under isoperibolic conditions. From this theoretical validation, the experimental results concerning the behaviour of a biphasic oil and droplet flow are presented. An analytical representation law is proposed to quantitatively estimate and predict the thermal behaviour of the flow. Moreover, it is demonstrated that with this new method, the thermophysical properties of the phase can be estimated with a deviation less than 5% from that reported by the suppliers. The authors gratefully acknowledge Pierre Guillot and the microchemistry team at LOF for useful discussions, this paper is humbly dedicated to mCp.

Published
2014

49. Thermal characterisation of homogeneous materials using a weak formulation technique

Author

Christine Biateau, Christophe Pradere, Thierry Kouadio, Jean-Christophe Batsale, Anissa Meziane, Christophe Bacon, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique Physique (LMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Plane (geometry), business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Weak formulation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermal diffusivity, Measure (mathematics), Noise (electronics), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Optics, 0203 mechanical engineering, Thermography, Thermal, Heat equation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A new method for the thermal characterisation of homogeneous materials is proposed. This method, specifically designed to measure the thermal diffusivity in the plane of thin specimens, is based on a low-order weak formulation (LOWF) method of the heat equation using a virtual test function. In this formulation, the spatial derivatives of temperature are coupled with an analytical expression less dependent on measurement noise. In this way, it is shown that the LOWF method leads to a robust method for the estimation of thermal diffusivity. The LOWF method is numerically tested on a two-dimensional model and validated on a homogeneous material using infrared thermography.

Published
2014

50. Thermoreflectance temperature measurement with millimeter wave

Author

Christophe Pradere, Gilles Pernot, Stefan Dilhaire, Jean-Christophe Batsale, E. Palomo, S. Benkhemis, Jean-Pascal Caumes, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules (SPAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de physique moléculaire optique et hertzienne (CPMOH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Materials science, Silicon, Opacity, Terahertz radiation, chemistry.chemical_element, Sciences de l'ingénieur, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Temperature measurement, law.invention, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pyrometer, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Wavelength, chemistry, Extremely high frequency, Optoelectronics, business, Visible spectrum
Abstract

International audience; GigaHertz (GHz) thermoreflectance technique is developed to measure the transient temperature of metal and semiconductor materials located behind an opaque surface. The principle is based on the synchronous detection, using a commercial THz pyrometer, of a modulated millimeter wave (at 110 GHz) reflected by the sample hidden behind a shield layer. Measurements were performed on aluminum, copper, and silicon bulks hidden by a 5 cm thick Teflon plate. We report the first measurement of the thermoreflectance coefficient which exhibits a value 100 times higher at 2.8 mm radiation than those measured at visible wavelengths for both metallic and semiconductor materials. This giant thermoreflectance coefficient κ, close to 10−3 K−1 versus 10−5 K−1 for the visible domain, is very promising for future thermoreflectance applications.

Published
2014

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