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The exact number of global confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in children is unknown. Since the first case report in a child, 2.2%-6.7% of reported cases from China, the [...]

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an extremely rare disease of unknown incidence (1). Typical manifestations of SCLS include hypotension, edema, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia after nonspecific prodromal illnesses (1,2). Increased [...]

A young man with smoldering multiple myeloma died of hypotensive shock 2.5 days after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination. Clinical findings suggested systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS); the patient had experienced a previous suspected flare episode. History of SCLS may indicate higher risk for SCLS after receiving this vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A 17‐year‐old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed severe hematuria and scrotal swelling after haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Urine culture was negative. BK virus and adenovirus were negative. However, Ureaplasma urealyticum was detected. He showed dramatic improvement after doxycycline treatment. This is the first report in the literature of hemorrhagic cystitis caused by U. urealyticum in a HCT recipient. In HCT recipients with hemorrhagic cystitis, U. urealyticum should be considered as a potential cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An appropriate size of device for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) could be chosen by a stretched PDA size. We propose prediction of stretched size from intact PDA size., Methods: A total of 361 patients was enrolled. Intact size was measured on angiography before closure, and stretched size was the narrowest diameter immediately after device implantation., Results: The median patient age was 2.8 years. Intact diameter and stretched diameter were 3.6±1.4 mm and 5.1±1.3 mm. The difference and difference ratio were 1.5±0.8 mm and 51.3±38.1% and had negative linear correlations with age (P<0.001). Patients were divided into four groups: <2 years old (159), 2-15 years old (68), 15-40 years old (72), and ≥40 years old (62). Among groups, difference and difference ratio were significantly different. Stretched diameter was inferred by the following formulas: stretched diameter = 0.660 × intact diameter + 2.791 (<2 years old); = 0.971×intact diameter + 0.058 × age + 1.131 (2-15 years old); = 0.790 × intact diameter + 2.263 (15-40 years old); and = 0.837 × intact diameter + 1.353 × BSA - 0.096 (≥40 years old)., Conclusions: Stretched PDA diameter can be predicted from intact diameter and might be helpful for safe PDA closure especially in small infants.

Baraitser-Winter Cerebro-fronto-facial syndrome (BWCFF, OMIM #243310, #614583) is caused by a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation of ACTB and ACTG1 that encodes actin. The syndrome is characterized by striking facial features, structural brain abnormalities, ocular coloboma, hearing loss, cardiac defects, intellectual disabilities, short stature, and developmental delay. We report a two-year-old girl who had distinctive facial features, including hypertelorism, arched eyebrows, bilateral ptosis, short broad nose with a flat nasal tip, long philtrum, retrognathia, low-set ears, and a thin upper lip. In addition, she also exhibited short stature, pectus excavatum, developmental delay, brain malformation, and hearing loss. Targeted gene panel sequencing identified a de novo heterozygous missense variant c.826G>A (p.Glu276Lys) in ACTB This is the first Korean case of BWCFF with a novel mutation in ACTB ., (© 2020 by the Association of Clinical Scientists, Inc.)

Purpose: Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is challenging in early infancy. We evaluated PDA closure in infants less than 6 months old., Methods: We performed a retrospective review of infants less than 6 months of age who underwent attempted transcatheter device closure in our institution since 2004. To compare clinical outcomes between age groups, infants aged 6-12 months in the same study period were reviewed., Results: A total of 22 patients underwent transcatheter PDA closure during the study period. Patient mean age was 3.3±1.5 months, and weight was 5.7±1.3 kg. The duct diameter at the narrowest point was 3.0±0.8 mm as measured by angiography. The most common duct type was C in the Krichenko classification. Procedural success was achieved in 19 patients (86.3%). Major complications occurred in 5 patients (22.7%), including device embolization (n=1), acquired aortic coarctation (n=2), access-related vascular injury requiring surgery (n=1), and acute deterioration requiring intubation during the procedure (n=1). Two patients had minor complications (9.1%). Twenty-four infants aged 6-12 months received transcatheter device closure. The procedural success rate was 100%, and there were no major complications. The major complication rate was significantly higher in the group less than 6 months of age (P=0.045). There was a trend toward increased major complication and procedural failure rates in the younger age group (P<0.01)., Conclusion: A relatively higher incidence of major complications was observed in infants less than 6 months of age. The decision regarding treatment modality should be individualized.