Search

Karyotype and COI gene sequences of Chironomus melanotus Keyl, 1961 from the Yaroslavl region (Russia) were analyzed. A low level of chromosomal polymorphism has been confirmed, eventually eight banding sequences were found: melA1, melB1, melC1, melD1, melE1, melF1, and melG1; only melD2 was found in two larvae from the Sunoga river. Analysis of phylogenetic tree and estimated genetic distances has shown not all COI gene sequences of Ch. melanotus in GenBank and BOLD to belong to this species. The lower distance of 0.4% was observed between two sequences from the Yaroslavl region and Finland, apparently these are true Ch. melanotus sequences. The distances between true Ch. melanotus and other sequences from Finland were 9.5% and 12.4%, and from Sweden it was 11%. The average genetic distance between studied sequences of 9.1% is out of the range of the 3% threshold previously determined for chironomids. According to our estimates, there are two sequences with a distance of 2.9% that may belong to Ch. annularius Meigen, 1818, and one sequence with a genetic distance of 2.1%, may belonging to Ch. cingulatus Meigen, 1830, which has been confirmed karyologically. Another two sequences form a separate cluster. We suggest that they either belong to a known species, but are not present in the databases, or belong to a distinct, undescribed species.

Expanded generic diagnoses of all life stages of Yaeprimus Sasa et Suzuki, 2000 (Lunditendipes Harrison, 2000, syn. n.) are given. Yaeprimus tropicus comb. n. is redescribed as an adult based on type material. Additionally, a new species Y. balteatus sp. n. from Oriental China is described based on the adult male and pupa. The phylogenetic position of Yaeprimus within Chironomini and the validity of the new species are explored based on concatenated five genetic markers (18S, 28S, CAD1, CAD4, and COI-3P) through both mixed&ndash, model Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. The results strongly support Yaeprimus as sister to Imparipecten Freeman, 1961, which counters a previously proposed systematical position based solely on morphology.

Descriptions of two Chironomini pupal types collected in Yunnan Province are given. Among known genera, both types closely resemble that of the North American Hyporhygma Reiss, 1982, but the spine and spinule pattern of the dorsal abdomen does not fit within the current taxonomic boundaries, and represent an endemic component in the Oriental region. A new genus description is expected when associated adults are available.

During our work on the Chironomidae chapter of the forthcoming Manual of Afrotropical Diptera we examined type material of the four Chironomini species Chironomus (Endochironomus) hamatus, Chironomus (E.) pruinosus, Chironomus (E.) woodi and Chironomus (Cryptochironomus) inflexus described by Paul Freeman. We provide photos of the types and associated material and argue for the following generic placements: Chironomus (Benthalia) hamatus comb.n., Kiefferulus pruinosus comb. n., Synendotendipes woodi comb. n. and Cladopelma inflexum. Open Access article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Relative efficiencies of standard dip-net sampling (SDN) versus collections of surface-floating pupal exuviae (SFPE) were determined for detecting Chironomidae at catchment and site scales and at subfamily/tribe-, genus- and species-levels based on simultaneous, equal-effort sampling on a monthly basis for one year during a biodiversity assessment of Bear Run Nature Reserve. Results showed SFPE was more efficient than SDN at catchment scales for detecting both genera and species. At site scales, SDN sampling was more efficient for assessment of a first-order site. No consistent pattern, except for better efficiency of SFPE to detect Orthocladiinae genera, was observed at genus-level for two second-order sites. However, SFPE was consistently more efficient at detecting species of Orthocladiinae, Chironomini and Tanytarsini at the second order sites. SFPE was more efficient at detecting both genera and species at two third-order sites. The differential efficiencies of the two methods are concluded to be related to stream order and size, substrate size, flow and water velocity, depth and habitat heterogeneity, and differential ability to discriminate species among pupal exuviae specimens versus larval specimens. Although both approaches are considered necessary for comprehensive biodiversity assessments of Chironomidae, our results suggest that there is an optimal, but different, allocation of sampling effort for detecting Chironomidae across stream orders and at differing spatial and taxonomic scales.Article submitted 13. August 2014, accepted 31. October 2014, published 22. December 2014.

Re-identification of some Chironomus species, Chironomus macani and C. dorsalis. Comments on information in Moller Pillot, 2009. A short discussion on the value of single reared larvae, cytology and DNA.

Spatial and temporal trends of a phytophylous chironomid community on the submerged plant species Ceratophyllum demersum L. were investigated in a eutrophic lake (Lake Sakadas, Danube floodplain area in Croatia) during summer 2004. The study also included an analysis of functional feeding groups (FFG) and the influence of environmental parameters on the chironomid community. Within macrophyte stands at three sites, the chironomids were very abundant and the recorded larvae belonged to three subfamilies: Chironominae (Chironomini and Tanytarsini), Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae. Endochironomus albipennis type was the dominant species with high abundance in July and September and lower abundance in August, most likely due to summer emergence. At the beginning of the sampling season, high abundance was recorded for Cricotopus sylvestris type as well. The secondary colonizers, Polypedilum sordens type, Glyptotendipens pallens type and Parachironomus varus type, displayed an increase in abundance towards the end of the season. ANOSIM analysis indicated significant differences in chironomid abundance between samples from July and September as a result of the higher abundance of Chironomini larvae in September. Active filterers, detritovores and predators were more abundant in September as compared to the other two months, while grazer abundance decreased towards the end of the study period. ANOSIM analysis separated August and September based on the abundance of different functional feeding groups (FFG). We found no significant differences between research stations for either chironomid abundance or FFG. BIO-ENV analysis indicated an influence of environmental variables, especially water temperature, Secchi depth and oxygen concentration on chironomid abundance.

This study investigates a phytophylous community of Chironomidae larvae on the submerged plant species Myriophyllum spicatum L. in a eutrophic lake (Lake Sakadaš, Danube floodplain area in Croatia) during summer 2004. This macrophyte species appeared for the first time in the lake in 2004, lasted approximately 3 months and was considered as a temporary habitat. The chironomid community was very abundant in the stands of this macrophyte species, which developed at three sites. The recorded species belong to three subfamilies: Chironominae (Chironomini and Tanytarsini), Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae. Species composition varied in time, though Orthocladiinae with their representative Cricotopus sylvestris gr. (Fabricius 1794) dominated throughout the entire sampling period, accounting for approx. 60% of the total community. However, the presence of this species group experienced a marked drop to only 10% in September when Chironomini larvulae and Paratanytarsus sp. prevailed. Furthermore, the share of Endochironomus albipennis type (Meigen 1830) in relation to other species was also consistently higher. NMDS ordination and cluster analysis separated three main colonization periods based on larval abundance. RDA analysis indicated the influence of environmental variables, especially Secchi depth, macrophyte dry weight, depth and water temperature, on chironomid community structure.

The immature and adult stages of a new species of the genus Oukuriella Epler, 1986 from the Southeast of Brazil are described. The larvae, reared in laboratory to obtain adults, were obtained from submerged wood collected in a reservoir situated in the Jataí Ecological Station (Luiz Antônio, SP). According to Messias et al. (2000) the genus is composed of three species group. The adults of this new species congregate morphological characteristics of the Oukuriella - second group, which is characterised by wings without markings, abdominal tergites with setal tufts and gonostylus broad, 1,5x longer than gonocoxite, but is distinguished by different thoracic and abdominal pigmentation. This is the first description of female for the Oukuriella second group. The immature forms aggregate the same characteristics of O. intermedia, the one species whose pupae and larvae are known. The strongly hardly mental and mandibular teeth sees to indicate the ability to scrape and to shred firm surface as submerged wood, substrate where were collected. São descritas as formas imaturas e adultas de uma nova espécie do gênero Oukuriella Epler, 1986 da região sudeste do Brasil. As larvas, criadas em laboratório para obtenção dos adultos, foram encontradas em madeira submersa coletada num reservatório localizado na Estação Ecológica de Jataí (Luiz Antônio, SP). Segundo Messias et al. (2000), o gênero é composto por três grupos de espécies. O adulto desta nova espécie reúne características morfológicas do segundo grupo do gênero Oukuriella, que apresenta asas sem manchas, tufos de cerdas sobre os tergitos abdominais e gonostilo largo, 1.5x maior que o gonocoxito, diferindo, porém das demais espécies do grupo pelo padrão de pigmentação torácica e abdominal. Esta é a primeira descrição da fêmea pertencente ao segundo grupo do gênero Oukuriella. As formas imaturas apresentam as mesmas características de O. intermedia, única espécie cuja pupa e larva são conhecidas. A estrutura altamente esclerosada dos dentes mentais e mandibulares parece indicar a capacidade das larvas de raspar e triturar superfícies duras, como troncos de madeira submersos, substrato onde foram coletadas.

Biogeographta vol. XXVI — 2005 (Pubblicafo II 30 Dicembre 2005) Bfogeografia delle Alpi e Prealpi centro-orientali Distribuzione di Ditteti Chironomidi in laghi alpini e prealpini LAURA MARZIALI**, VALERIA LENCIONI**, ANGELA BOGGERO**q‘ e BRUNO ROSSARO* *Dz'pczm'm.mt0 di Biologia, Universitiz degli Studi di Milano wisz Caloric; 26, I—20133 Milztno e-mail: 19rur.v0.ror5m-'0 @zmz'mz'. it ”’‘*Sezione di Zoologzkz degli .[I¢1}€7’T€bT£lfi e Idro eiologia, M useo Tridenzino dzq Scimze Natumli, via Cczlepimz 14, 158100 Trmro ”‘**C'0mz'gZz'0 Nczziomzle delle Ricerc/96, Irtiruto per [0 Stzzdio degli EC05i5L‘€772i lairgo Tonolli 50, I-28922 l/erecznzicz Key words: Chironomidae, lakes, altitudinal and latitudinal gradients, Alps. Prealps. SUMMARY It is ltnown that biogeographical and ecological Factors a£:Fect the distribution of Chironornids. No biogeogtaphical gradients have been detected within the Alpine region, except for the presence ofsome species on only one side of the Alps. Nevertheless, many areas are still unexplored. Twenty lakes in the Alps and eighteen lakes in the Prealps have been surveyed since the 905. Physical and chemical variables (water temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients) were measured. Pupal exuvrae were collected using drift nets near the shoreline and in the pelagic zone, while larvae with a pond net in the littoral zone. Samples were identified to genus, groups of species or species level. Data were stored in a relational database and processed using artificial neural networks. As expected, no geographical gradients were detected, whereas ecological factors (e.g., altitude, watershed geology, niorphometry, trophic state} determine the different communities of the lakes. Tanypodini, Proclatliini and Chironornini prevail in the Prealpine small eutrophic lakes, whereas Diamesini, Orthocladiini and Tanytarsini colonize mostly the Prealpine large oligotrophic lakes Orthocladiini and Diarnesini characterize the lakes in the eastern Alps, whereas Tanypodini, Procladiini, Macropelopiini, Prodiamesini and Chironomini prevail in the lakes of the western Alps. More data are necessary to clarify the distribution of rare species Species belonging to the same genus may show different response to the same environmental condition, so the identification to species level is strongly recommended in ecological investigations. INTRODUZIONE I Ditteri Chironornidi presentano una distribuzione cosrnopolita e rnolto spesso costituiscono il gruppo di insetti piit abbondante negli ecosistetni d’acqi1a clolce.