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1. Chemical effects on ecological interactions within a model-experiment loop

Author

Lamonica, Dominique, Charles, Sandrine, Clément, Bernard, and Lopes, Christelle

Subjects
Archaeology, CC1-960, Science
Abstract

We propose in this paper a method to assess the effects of a contaminant on a micro-ecosystem, integrating the population dynamics and the interactions between species. For that, we developed a dynamic model to describe the functioning of a microcosm exposed to a contaminant and to discriminate direct and indirect effects. Then, we get back from modelling to experimentation in order to identify which of the collected data have really been necessary and sufficient to estimate model parameters in order to propose a more efficient experimental design for further investigations. We illustrated our approach using a 2-L laboratory microcosm involving three species (the duckweed Lemna minor, the microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the daphnids Daphnia magna) exposed to cadmium contamination. We modelled the dynamics of the three species and their interactions using a mechanistic model based on coupled ordinary differential equations. The main processes occurring in this three-species microcosm were thus formalized, including growth and settling of algae, growth of duckweeds, interspecific competition between algae and duckweeds, growth, survival and grazing of daphnids, as well as cadmium effects. We estimated model parameters by Bayesian inference, using simultaneously all the data issued from multiple laboratory experiments specifically conducted for this study. Cadmium concentrations ranged between 0 and 50 μg.L-1 . For all parameters of our model, we obtained biologically realistic values and reasonable uncertainties. The cascade of cadmium effects, both direct and indirect, was identified. Critical effect concentrations were provided for the life history traits of each species. An example of experimental design adapted to this kind a microcosm was also proposed. This approach appears promising when studying contaminant effects on ecosystem functioning.

Published
2023
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3. Impacts of neonicotinoids on biodiversity: a critical review

Author

Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, Sanchez, Wilfried, Aviron, Stéphanie, Bedos, Carole, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Coeurdassier, Michael, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gonzalez, Patrice, Hedde, Mickael, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sucré, Elliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, and Leenhardt, Sophie

Published
2023
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6. Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories

Author

Pesce, Stéphane, Mamy, Laure, Sanchez, Wilfried, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michael, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Elliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, and Leenhardt, Sophie

Published
2023
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14. Editorial trend: adverse outcome pathway (AOP) and computational strategy — towards new perspectives in ecotoxicology.

Author

Baudiffier, Damien, Audouze, Karine, Armant, Olivier, Frelon, Sandrine, Charles, Sandrine, Beaudouin, Remy, Cosio, Claudia, Payrastre, Laurence, Siaussat, David, Burgeot, Thierry, Mauffret, Aourell, Degli Esposti, Davide, Mougin, Christian, Delaunay, Delphine, and Coumoul, Xavier

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, PHARMACODYNAMICS, COMPUTATIONAL neuroscience, TOXICOLOGY, SYSTEMS biology, RISK assessment
Abstract

The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) has been conceptualized in 2010 as an analytical construct to describe a sequential chain of causal links between key events, from a molecular initiating event leading to an adverse outcome (AO), considering several levels of biological organization. An AOP aims to identify and organize available knowledge about toxic effects of chemicals and drugs, either in ecotoxicology or toxicology, and it can be helpful in both basic and applied research and serve as a decision-making tool in support of regulatory risk assessment. The AOP concept has evolved since its introduction, and recent research in toxicology, based on integrative systems biology and artificial intelligence, gave it a new dimension. This innovative in silico strategy can help to decipher mechanisms of action and AOP and offers new perspectives in AOP development. However, to date, this strategy has not yet been applied to ecotoxicology. In this context, the main objective of this short article is to discuss the relevance and feasibility of transferring this strategy to ecotoxicology. One of the challenges to be discussed is the level of organisation that is relevant to address for the AO (population/community). This strategy also offers many advantages that could be fruitful in ecotoxicology and overcome the lack of time, such as the rapid identification of data available at a time t, or the identification of "data gaps". Finally, this article proposes a step forward with suggested priority topics in ecotoxicology that could benefit from this strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Optimizing the design of a reproduction toxicity test with the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Author

Charles, Sandrine, Ducrot, Virginie, Azam, Didier, Benstead, Rachel, Brettschneider, Denise, De Schamphelaere, Karel, Filipe Goncalves, Sandra, Green, John W., Holbech, Henrik, Hutchinson, Thomas H., Faber, Daniel, Laranjeiro, Filipe, Matthiessen, Peter, Norrgren, Leif, Oehlmann, Jörg, Reategui-Zirena, Evelyn, Seeland-Fremer, Anne, Teigeler, Matthias, Thome, Jean-Pierre, Tobor Kaplon, Marysia, Weltje, Lennart, and Lagadic, Laurent

Published
2016
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18. Development and validation of an OECD reproductive toxicity test guideline with the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca, Gastropoda)

Author

Ducrot, Virginie, Askem, Clare, Azam, Didier, Brettschneider, Denise, Brown, Rebecca, Charles, Sandrine, Coke, Maïra, Collinet, Marc, Delignette-Muller, Marie-Laure, Forfait-Dubuc, Carole, Holbech, Henrik, Hutchinson, Thomas, Jach, Arne, Kinnberg, Karin L., Lacoste, Cédric, Le Page, Gareth, Matthiessen, Peter, Oehlmann, Jörg, Rice, Lynsey, Roberts, Edward, Ruppert, Katharina, Davis, Jessica Elphinstone, Veauvy, Clemence, Weltje, Lennart, Wortham, Ruth, and Lagadic, Laurent

Published
2014
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19. Students' Performance and Satisfaction with Web vs. Paper-Based Practice Quizzes and Lecture Notes

Author

Macedo-Rouet, Monica, Ney, Muriel, and Charles, Sandrine

Abstract

The use of computers to deliver course-related materials is rapidly expanding in most universities. Yet the effects of computer vs. printed delivery modes on students' performance and motivation are not yet fully known. We compared the impacts of Web vs. paper to deliver practice quizzes that require information search in lecture notes. Hundred and twenty two undergraduate students used either a web site or printed documents to answer 18 mathematics questions during a tutored session. A revised Web site was designed based on ergonomic criteria, to test the hypothesis that improved usability would decrease time spent on the task, the number of pages consulted, and students' perceived cognitive load. The group working with printed documents had the highest performance. Furthermore, students perceived the paper materials as less effortful to read, and expressed preference for printing lecture notes and questions. However, students appreciated having a Web site available. No differences were found between the two sites. We conclude that Web delivery imposed higher perceived cognitive load due to the need to read lengthy documents. We suggest possible ways to improve Web-based practice materials, such as simultaneous display of questions and lecture notes. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2009
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20. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Rapport d'ESCo

Author

Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Douzals, Jean-Paul, and Ris, Nicolas

Abstract

Dans le cadre du Plan Ecophyto II+, qui organise les moyens mis en oeuvre par le gouvernement français pour réduire les usages de produits phytopharmaceutiques, différents travaux d'expertise scientifique sont conduits de manière complémentaire. L'Inserm a présenté en juin 2021 les résultats d'une expertise collective dont il avait été saisi sur les effets des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la santé humaine, intitulée Pesticides et santé – Nouvelles données. La présente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) est quant à elle centrée sur les impacts de ces produits sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Une autre ESCo restituée à l'automne 2022 porte sur la gestion des couverts végétaux pour réguler les bioagresseurs des cultures. Les ESCo ont pour objet d'établir un état des lieux et une analyse critique des connaissances scientifiques disponibles au niveau mondial sur des sujets aux dimensions multiples. Cette analyse est réalisée par un collège pluridisciplinaire d'experts scientifiques appartenant à des organismes publics de recherche ou d'enseignement supérieur. Commandée en mars 2020 par le ministère de la Transition Ecologique, le ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation et le ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, la présente expertise a été confiée à INRAE et à l'Ifremer. Elle actualise et complète les travaux antérieurs qui avaient été restitués en 2005 sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement, et en 2008 sur Agriculture et biodiversité. Les résultats sont publiés sur les sites internet d'INRAE et de l'Ifremer sous trois formats de documents disponibles en ligne. Le présent rapport comporte un rappel des éléments de contexte de l'expertise, la description de la méthode mise en oeuvre et de l'ensemble de la bibliographie qui intègre plus de 4 000 références, les éléments de cadrage scientifique de l'ESCo, l'ensemble des analyses produites par les experts, ainsi que les conclusions générales qui en découlent. La synthèse rassemble les principaux constats établis dans le rapport d'ESCo, sans mobiliser l'intégralité du corpus bibliographique utilisé. Le résumé présente succinctement les principaux enseignements tirés de ces travaux. En outre, les résultats ont fait l'objet, le 5 mai 2022, d'un colloque public de restitution, dont les captations vidéos sont également disponibles en ligne.

Published
2022

26. Implementation of Model-Based Dose Adjustment of Tobramycin in Adult Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Author

Reverchon, Jérémy, Tuloup, Vianney, Garreau, Romain, Nave, Viviane, Cohen, Sabine, Reix, Philippe, Durupt, Stéphane, Nove-Josserand, Raphaele, Durieu, Isabelle, Reynaud, Quitterie, Bourguignon, Laurent, Charles, Sandrine, and Goutelle, Sylvain

Subjects
TOBRAMYCIN, CYSTIC fibrosis, DRUG monitoring, ADULTS, KIDNEY physiology
Abstract

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tobramycin is widely performed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), but little is known about the value of model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) in this setting. We aim at reporting our experience with tobramycin MIPD in adult patients with CF. We analyzed data from adult patients with CF who received IV tobramycin and had model-guided TDM during the first year of implementation of MIPD. The predictive performance of a pharmacokinetic (PK) model was assessed. Observed maximal (Cmax) and minimal (Cmin) concentrations after initial dosing were compared with target values. We compared the initial doses and adjusted doses after model-based TDM, as well as renal function at the beginning and end of therapy. A total of 78 tobramycin courses were administered in 61 patients. After initial dosing set by physicians (mean, 9.2 ± 1.4 mg/kg), 68.8% of patients did not achieve the target Cmax ≥ 30 mg/L. The PK model fit the data very well, with a median absolute percentage error of 4.9%. MIPD was associated with a significant increase in tobramycin doses (p < 0.001) without significant change in renal function. Model-based dose suggestions were wellaccepted by the physicians and the expected target attainment for Cmax was 83%. To conclude, the implementation of MIPD was effective in changing prescribing practice and was not associated with nephrotoxic events in adult patients with CF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. The dynamics of transposable elements in structured populations

Author

Deceliere, Gregory, Charles, Sandrine, and Biemont, Christian

Subjects
Transposons -- Research, Genetics -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

We analyzed the dynamics of transposable elements (TEs) according to Wright's island and continent-island models, assuming that selection tends to counter the deleterious effects of TEs. We showed that migration between host populations has no impact on either the existence or the stability of the TE cop), number equilibrium points obtained in the absence of migration. However, if the migration rate is slower than the transposition rate or if selection is weak, then the TE copy numbers in all the populations can be expected to slowly become homogeneous, whereas a heterogeneous TE copy number distribution between populations is maintained if TEs are mobilized in some populations. The mean TE copy number is highly sensitive to the population size, but as a result of migration between populations, it decreases as the sum of the population sizes increases and tends to reach the same value in these populations. We have demonstrated the existence of repulsion between TE insertion sites, which is established by selection and amplified by drift. This repulsion is reduced as much as the migration rate is higher than the recombination rate between the TE insertion sites. Migration and demographic history are therefore strong threes in determining file dynamics of TEs within the genomes and the populations of a species.

Published
2005

31. New perspectives on the calculation of bioaccumulation metrics for active substances in living organisms.

Author

Ratier, Aude, Lopes, Christelle, Multari, Gauthier, Mazerolles, Vanessa, Carpentier, Patrice, and Charles, Sandrine

Subjects
BIOACCUMULATION, STATISTICAL services, DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory), PERCENTILES
Abstract

Today, only few ready‐to‐use and convenient decision‐making tools are available in ecotoxicology concerning accumulation and effects of chemical substances on organisms, accounting for exposure situations that are known to be complex (routes of exposure, metabolism, mixtures, etc.). This paper presents new perspectives on the generic calculation of bioaccumulation metrics via the innovative web tool MOSAICbioacc (http://mosaic.univ‐lyon1.fr/bioacc). MOSAICbioacc provides all kinds of bioaccumulation metrics associated with their uncertainty whatever the species‐compound combination. MOSAICbioacc expects accumulation‐depuration data as inputs, even with complex exposure and clearance patterns, to quickly perform their relevant analysis. MOSAICbioacc intends to facilitate the daily work of regulators, or any ecotoxicologist, who will freely benefit from a user‐friendly online interface that automatically fits toxicokinetic models without need for users to invest in the technical aspects to get bioaccumulation metrics estimates. MOSAICbioacc also provides all results in a fully transparent way to ensure reproducibility. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:10–18. © 2021 SETAC KEY POINTS: MOSAICbioacc is a new statistical online service, freely available from https://mosaic.univ-lyon1.fr/bioacc, user‐friendly and ready‐to‐use in support of bioaccumulation metrics (BCF/BSAF/BMF) calculation based on toxicokinetic models under a Bayesian framework, facilitating the daily work of regulators. MOSAICbioacc automatically provides bioaccumulation metrics associated with their uncertainty quantified via a probability distribution and summarized with a median and 2.5 and 97.5 centiles corresponding to a 95% credible interval. MOSAICbioacc provides several outputs to help the user evaluate the relevance of the calculations, a fitting plot, and a collection of goodness‐of‐fit criteria: Posterior predictive check, prior‐posterior comparison, parameter correlation matrix, and convergence criteria. MOSAICbioacc provides bioaccumulation metrics from accumulation‐depuration data whatever the species and compound under consideration, accounting for several routes of exposure via different media and several elimination processes (potential metabolites and growth dilution). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. How to account for the uncertainty from standard toxicity tests in species sensitivity distributions: An example in non-target plants.

Author

Charles, Sandrine, Wu, Dan, and Ducrot, Virginie

Subjects
*TOXICITY testing, *SPECIES distribution, *CENSORING (Statistics), *UNCERTAINTY, *GREENHOUSES, *DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
Abstract

This research proposes new perspectives accounting for the uncertainty on 50% effective rates (ER50) as interval input for species sensitivity distribution (SSD) analyses and evaluating how to include this uncertainty may influence the 5% Hazard Rate (HR5) estimation. We explored various endpoints (survival, emergence, shoot-dry-weight) for non-target plants from seven standard greenhouse studies that used different experimental approaches (vegetative vigour vs. seedling emergence) and applied seven herbicides at different growth stages. Firstly, for each endpoint of each study, a three-parameter log-logistic model was fitted to experimental toxicity test data for each species under a Bayesian framework to get a posterior probability distribution for ER50. Then, in order to account for the uncertainty on the ER50, we explored two censoring criteria to automatically censor ER50 taking the ER50 probability distribution and the range of tested rates into account. Secondly, based on dose-response fitting results and censoring criteria, we considered input ER50 values for SSD analyses in three ways (only point estimates chosen as ER50 medians, interval-censored ER50 based on their 95% credible interval and censored ER50 according to one of the two criteria), by fitting a log-normal distribution under a frequentist framework to get the three corresponding HR5 estimates. We observed that SSD fitted reasonably well when there were at least six distinct intervals for the ER50 values. By comparing the three SSD curves and the three HR5 estimates, we shed new light on the fact that both propagating the uncertainty from the ER50 estimates and including censored data into SSD analyses often leads to smaller point estimates of HR5, which is more conservative in a risk assessment context. In addition, we recommend not to focus solely on the point estimate of the HR5, but also to look at the precision of this estimate as depicted by its 95% confidence interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. Application of General Unified Threshold Models of Survival Models for Regulatory Aquatic Pesticide Risk Assessment Illustrated with an Example for the Insecticide Chlorpyrifos.

Author

Brock, Theo, Arena, Maria, Cedergreen, Nina, Charles, Sandrine, Duquesne, Sabine, Ippolito, Alessio, Klein, Michael, Reed, Melissa, Teodorovic, Ivana, Brink, Paul J, and Focks, Andreas

Subjects
CHLORPYRIFOS, SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry), PESTICIDES, ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment, RISK assessment, INSECTICIDES, ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology
Abstract

Mathematical models within the General Unified Threshold models of Survival (GUTS) framework translate time‐variable chemical exposure information into expected survival of animals. The GUTS models are species and compound specific and explicitly describe the internal exposure dynamics in an organism (toxicokinetics) and the related damage and effect dynamics (toxicodynamics), thereby connecting the external exposure concentration dynamics with the simulated mortality or immobility over time. In a recent scientific opinion on toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic (TKTD) models published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the GUTS modeling framework was considered ready for use in the aquatic risk assessment for pesticides and aquatic fauna. The GUTS models are suggested for use in risk assessment, if they are sufficiently validated for a specific substance–species combination. This paper aims to illustrate how they can be used in the regulatory environmental risk assessment for pesticides for a specific type of refinement, that is, when risks are triggered by lower tiers in acute as well as in chronic risk assessment and mortality or immobility is the critical endpoint. This approach involves the evaluation of time‐variable exposure regimes in a so‐called "Tier‐2C" assessment. The insecticide chlorpyrifos was selected as an example compound because a large data set was available. The GUTS models for 13 different freshwater arthropods and 8 different theoretical aquatic exposure profiles were used to calculate a series of GUTS‐based risk estimates, including exposure profile‐specific multiplication factors leading to 50% mortality or immobility at the end of the tested profile (LP50/EP50) as "margins of safety." To put the use of GUTS models within the tiered aquatic risk assessment into perspective, GUTS models for the 13 aquatic arthropods were also used to predict the environmental risks of a measured chlorpyrifos exposure profile from an experimental ditch study (Tier‐3 approach), and the results are discussed in the context of calibration of the tiered approach. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:243–258. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC) KEY POINTS: This paper illustrates how General Unified Threshold models of Survival (GUTS) models can be used in the regulatory environmental risk assessment for pesticides for the evaluation of time‐variable exposure regimes in a so‐called Tier‐2C assessment.For chlorpyrifos as an example compound, GUTS models for 13 different freshwater arthropods and 8 different theoretical aquatic exposure profiles were used to calculate a series of GUTS‐based risk estimates, including exposure profile‐specific "margins of safety" (LP50/EP50) values.GUTS models were put in perspective within the tiered aquatic risk assessment by comparing the predicted environmental risks of a measured chlorpyrifos exposure profile for 13 aquatic arthropods to results from an experimental ditch study.For the example data set (chlorpyrifos) the results of the Tier‐2C assessment using GUTS models were not in conflict with the principle of the tiered approach in that lower tiers should be more conservative than higher tiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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36. Combined effect of temperature and ammonia on the freshwater crustacean Gammarus pulex

Author

Henry, Youn, Colinet, Hervé, Piscart, Christophe, Charles, Sandrine, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SETAC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Briand, Valerie

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

37. Ecophysiological responses of Gammarus pulex to the combined effects of temperature and ammonia

Author

Henry, Youn, Piscart, Christophe, Colinet, Hervé, Charles, Sandrine, Briand, Valerie, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

38. A Toolbox for Nonlinear Regression in R: The Package nistools

Author

Baty, F., Ritz, C., Charles, Sandrine, Brutsche, M., Flandrois, Jean-Pierre, Delignette-Muller, Marie Laure, Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, and Département écologie évolutive [LBBE]

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

39. Approche méthodologique pour faire évoluer la pédagogie en TD vers un apprentissage actif soutenu par des TICE

Author

Ney, Michel, Nifle, R., Charles, Sandrine, Macedo-Rouet, M., Humblot, L., Batier, C., Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2014

40. Ecological Modeling for the Extrapolation of Ecotoxicological Effects Measured during in Situ Assays in Gammarus

Author

Coulaud, R., Geffard, O., Coquillat, A, Quéau, H., Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
BIODIVERSITE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, BIOMONITORING, MODELLING, GAMMARUS, BIOSURVEILLANCE, EXTRAPOLATION, BIODIVERSITY, ECOTOXICOLOGIE, ECOTOXICOLOGY, MODELISATION, POPULATION
Abstract

International audience; Evaluating the effects of chemical contamination on populations and ecological communities still constitutes a challenging necessity in environmental management. However the toxic effects of contaminants are commonly measured by means of organism-level responses. Linking such effects measures with ecological models is a promising way to apprehend population-level impacts. In this way, population models are currently increasingly used in predictive risk assessment procedures, but their use in environmental diagnostic framework remains limited due to their lack of ecological realism. The present study with the crustacean amphipod Gammarus fossarum, a sentinel species in freshwater monitoring, combines a dual field and laboratory experimental approach with a population modelling framework. In this way, we developed an ecologically-relevant periodic matrix population model for Gammarus. This model allowed us to capture the population dynamics in the field, and to understand the particular pattern of demographic sensitivities induced by Gammarus life-history phenology. The model we developed provided a robust population-level assessment of in situ-based effects measures recorded during a biomonitoring program on a French watershed impacted by past mining activities. Thus, our study illustrates the potential of population modelling when seeking to decipher the role of environmental toxic contamination in ecological perturbations.

Published
2014

41. Statistical handling of reproduction data for exposure-response modelling

Author

Delignette-Muller, Marie Laure, Lopes, Christelle, Veber, Philippe, and Charles, Sandrine

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Applications (stat.AP), Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Reproduction data collected through standard bioassays are classically analyzed by regression in order to fit exposure-response curves and estimate ECx values (x% Effective Concentration). But regression is often misused on such data, ignoring statistical issues related to i) the special nature of reproduction data (count data), ii) a potential inter-replicate variability and iii) a possible concomitant mortality. This paper offers new insights in dealing with those issues. Concerning mortality, particular attention was paid not to waste any valuable data - by dropping all the replicates with mortality - or to bias ECx values. For that purpose we defined a new covariate summing the observation periods during which each individual contributes to the reproduction process. This covariate was then used to quantify reproduction - for each replicate at each concentration - as a number of offspring per individual-day. We formulated three exposure-response models differing by their stochastic part. Those models were fitted to four datasets and compared using a Bayesian framework. The individual-day unit proved to be a suitable approach to use all the available data and prevent bias in the estimation of ECx values. Furthermore, a non-classical negative-binomial model was shown to correctly describe the inter-replicate variability observed in the studied datasets.

Published
2013

42. Life-history phenology strongly influences population vulnerability to toxicants: a case study with the mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum

Author

Coulaud, Romain, Mouthon, Jacques, Quéau, Hervé, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
MESH: Ecology, Ecology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population Dynamics, Snails, MESH: Models, Biological, MESH: Fertility, Models, Theoretical, MESH: Population Dynamics, MESH: Risk Assessment, Models, Biological, Risk Assessment, Fertility, MESH: Environmental Pollutants, Toxicity Tests, Animals, Environmental Pollutants, MESH: Animals, MESH: Ecosystem, MESH: Snails, MESH: Toxicity Tests, MESH: Models, Theoretical, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA; International audience; One of the main objectives of ecological risk assessment is to evaluate the effects of toxicants on ecologically relevant biological systems such as populations or communities. However, the effects of toxicants are commonly measured on selected subindividual or individual endpoints due to their specificity against chemical stressors. Introducing these effects into population models is a promising way to predict impacts on populations. The models currently employed are very simplistic, and their environmental relevance needs to be improved to establish the ecological relevance of hazard assessment. The present study with the gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum combines a field experimental approach with a modeling framework. It clarifies the role played by seasonal variability of life-history traits in the population's vulnerability to the alteration of individual performance, potentially due to toxic stress. The present study comprised 3 steps: 1) characterization of the seasonal variability in life-history traits of a local population over 1 yr by using in situ experiments on caged snails, coupled with a demographic follow-up; 2) development of a periodic matrix population model that visualizes the monthly variability of population dynamics; and 3) simulation of the demographic consequences of an alteration in life-history traits (i.e., fertility, juvenile, and adult survival). The results revealed that demographic impacts strongly depend on the season when alterations of individual performance occur. Model analysis showed that this seasonal variability in population vulnerability is strongly related to the phenology of the population. The authors emphasize that improving the realism of population models is a major objective for ecological risk assessment, and that taking into account species phenology in modeling approaches should be a priority.

Published
2013

43. Statistical refinements for data analysis of mollusc reproduction tests: an example with Lymnaea stagnalis

Author

Charles, Sandrine

Abstract

Since 2012, European experts work towards the development andvalidation of an OECD test guideline for mollusc reproductive toxicitywith the freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis. A ring-test involvingsix laboratories allowed studying reproducibility of results, based onsurvival and reproduction data of snails monitored over 56 daysexposure to cadmium. A classical statistical analysis of data was initiallyconducted by hypothesis tests and fit of parametric concentrationresponsemodels. However, as mortality occurred in exposed snails,these analyses require to be refined, particularly in avoiding bias thatexists when the number of clutches/eggs is analysed without accountingfor mortality, or when replicates where mortality occurred are excluded;in the latter case, a number of organisms are discarded and valuable datacan be lost. In this context, the purpose of our statistical study wastwofold. First, we refined the statistical analyses of reproduction dataaccounting for mortality all along the test period. The variable “numberof clutches/eggs produced per individual-day” was used for ECx modelling, as classically done in epidemiology in order to account forthe time-contribution of each individual to the measured response.Furthermore, the combination of a Gamma-Poisson stochastic part witha Weibull concentration-response model allowed accounting for theinter-replicate variability. Second, we checked for the possibility ofoptimizing the initial experimental design through the reduction ofexposure duration and/or number of replicates. Based on the sixdatasets, we show that using the ‘per individual-day’ unit in ecotoxicologyavoids the exclusion of data (as a consequence the ECx could be notestimated from remaining data) and ensures an unbiased reproductiondata analysis when mortality occurs in exposed animals. We also showthat the experimental design may be optimized, depending on whatshould be prioritized. Even if further studies would be necessary withother kinds of compounds, we illustrate the fact that, in the case ofcadmium, and if 6 replicates are kept, a 35-day exposure duration wouldbe sufficient to characterize the toxicity. In the same way, 3-4 replicatesappear sufficient if the exposure duration stays at 56 days. However,before the reproduction test with L. stagnalis can be standardized, otherworks are necessary to furtherrefine the experimental design, e.g., byregarding exposure duration and replication simultaneously.

Published
2013

44. Fit Reduced GUTS Models Online: From Theory to Practice.

Author

Baudrot, Virgile, Veber, Philippe, Gence, Guillaume, and Charles, Sandrine

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology, ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment, PROPICONAZOLE
Abstract

ABSTRACT: Mechanistic modeling approaches, such as the toxicokinetic‐toxicodynamic (TKTD) framework, are promoted by international institutions such as the European Food Safety Authority and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to assess the environmental risk of chemical products generated by human activities. TKTD models can encompass a large set of mechanisms describing the kinetics of compounds inside organisms (e.g., uptake and elimination) and their effect at the level of individuals (e.g., damage accrual, recovery, and death mechanism). Compared to classical dose–response models, TKTD approaches have many advantages, including accounting for temporal aspects of exposure and toxicity, considering data points all along the experiment and not only at the end, and making predictions for untested situations as realistic exposure scenarios. Among TKTD models, the general unified threshold model of survival (GUTS) is within the most recent and innovative framework but is still underused in practice, especially by risk assessors, because specialist programming and statistical skills are necessary to run it. Making GUTS models easier to use through a new module freely available from the web platform MOSAIC (standing for MOdeling and StAtistical tools for ecotoxIClogy) should promote GUTS operability in support of the daily work of environmental risk assessors. This paper presents the main features of MOSAIC_GUTS: uploading of the experimental data, GUTS fitting analysis, and LCx estimates with their uncertainty. These features will be exemplified from literature data. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:625–630. © 2018 SETAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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45. Assessment of the <italic>in vitro</italic> genotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles in a regulatory context.

Author

Charles, Sandrine, Jomini, Stéphane, Fessard, Valérie, Bigorgne-Vizade, Emilie, Rousselle, Christophe, and Michel, Cécile

Subjects
*GENETIC toxicology, *TITANIUM dioxide nanoparticles, *SYSTEMATIC reviews, *OXIDATIVE stress, *PARAMETERS (Statistics)
Abstract

A review of in vitro genotoxicity studies on titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) published between 2010 and 2016 was performed by France in the framework of the CLP Regulation 1272/2008/EC. Neither the few in vivo studies of low quality nor the larger number of acceptable in vitro studies available for genotoxicity allowed France to conclude on the genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs. Based on this work, it was decided to compare the acceptable in vitro studies to understand the reasons for the diverging results observed, such as the materials tested or of the protocols used and their inherent interferences. The systematic review performed on in vitro genotoxicity data for TiO2-NPs was then restricted to studies with the highest level of confidence among studies following OECD guidelines and the largely applied comet assay. Indeed, the aim of this article is to understand why, even if judged of good quality, the 36 publications selected and analyzed did not lead to a clear picture. Some recommendations to be taken into account before performing new in vitro genotoxicity assays for insoluble particles such as TiO2-NPs are proposed. Although secondary genotoxic effects consequent to oxidative stress seem to be the major mechanism responsible for the genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs reported in some studies, primary genotoxic effects cannot be excluded. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact mode of action of TiO2-NPs and to highlight which physicochemical properties lead to their genotoxicity in vitro to ultimately identify a specific combination of parameters that could represent a risk in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
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47. Towards a renewed research agenda in ecotoxicology

Author

Artigas, Joan, Arts, Gertie, Babut, Marc, Caracciolo, Anna Barra, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Combourieu, Bruno, Dahllöf, Ingela, Despréaux, Denis, Ferrari, Benoit, Friberg, Nikolai, Garric, Jeanne, Geffard, Olivier, Gourlay-Francé, Catherine, Hein, Michaela, Hjorth, Morten, Krauss, Martin, De Lange, Hendrika J., Lahr, Joost, Lehtonen, Kari K., Lettieri, Teresa, Liess, Matthias, Lofts, Stephen, Mayer, Philipp, Morin, Soizic, Paschke, Albrecht, Svendsen, Claus, Usseglio-Polatera, Philippe, Van Den Brink, Nico, Vindimian, Eric, Williams, Richard, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions ( UR MALY ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Alterra [Wageningen] ( ESS-CC ), Centre for Water and Climate, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Institute of Bioscience, Aarhus University [Aarhus], CEMAGREF, Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés ( UR HBAN ), UFZ-Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Centre for Environmental Research, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Rural, Water, and Ecosystem Resources Unit, European Commission [Brussels], UFZ-Department of System Ecotoxicology, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University-Lancaster University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecological Chemistry [Leipzig], NERC - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Laboratoire Biodiversité et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes ( LBFE ), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz ( UPVM ), Services généraux ( SGMO ), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Alterra [Wageningen] (ESS-CC), Centre for Water and Climate [Wageningen], Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire Biodiversité et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes (LBFE), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM), Services généraux (SGMO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Coping (psychology), MESH: Health, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], invertebrate traits, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, MESH: Risk Assessment, Ecotoxicology, 01 natural sciences, bacterial community, Ecosystem services, MESH : Ecosystem, CE - Molecular Ecology Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Management, MESH: Ecosystem, Wageningen Environmental Research, MESH : Environmental Monitoring, MESH : Risk Assessment, MESH: Models, Theoretical, Risk management, Risk assessment, Research policy, Environmental resource management, Ecotoxicological risk, Stress ecology, General Medicine, Pollution, multiple stressors, Risk analysis (engineering), Health, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Monitoring, MESH : Health, Biology, CWK - Environmental Risk Assessment, toxicity tests, Humans, intrinsic variability, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Environmental risk assessment, Exposure assessment, MESH : Ecotoxicology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, MESH: Humans, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, MESH : Models, Theoretical, CWC - Environmental Risk Assessment, Stressor, MESH : Humans, risk-assessment, Models, Theoretical, ecological traits, european rivers, effect-directed analysis, 13. Climate action, MESH: Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, bioavailability
Abstract

New concerns about biodiversity, ecosystem services and human health triggered several new regulations increasing the need for sound ecotoxicological risk assessment. The PEER network aims to share its view on the research issues that this challenges. PEER scientists call for an improved biologically relevant exposure assessment. They promote comprehensive effect assessment at several biological levels. Biological traits should be used for Environmental risk assessment (ERA) as promising tools to better understand relationships between structure and functioning of ecosystems. The use of modern high throughput methods could also enhance the amount of data for a better risk assessment. Improved models coping with multiple stressors or biological levels are necessary to answer for a more scientifically based risk assessment. Those methods must be embedded within life cycle analysis or economical models for efficient regulations. Joint research programmes involving humanities with ecological sciences should be developed for a sound risk management., JRC.H.5-Rural, water and ecosystem resources

Published
2012

48. How non-standard test methods and data analysis tools can benefit to ecological risk assessment of chemicals ?

Author

Ducrot, Virginie, Charles, Sandrine, Pery, Alexandre R.R., Lagadic, Laurent, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Halieutique - Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)

Subjects
[SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, MODELISATION, ECOTOXICOLOGY
Abstract

Regulation mostly relies upon the results of standard toxicity tests that have been validated for a reduced set of species and endpoints. This pragmatic strategy ensures the reliability of toxicological data. Yet, current practices might not appropriately cover the broad range of toxicant mode of action (e.g., endocrine disruptors - EDCs). In particular, the standard approach may fail to provide realistic risk forecasts when the test design is not sensitive enough to highlight toxicity and when the various standard tests provide conflicting results. Through two case studies, we explain why the standard approach may not allow assessing properly the risk of reprotoxic pesticides in invertebrates. The first case study illustrates current issues in risk assessment of EDCs. In this context, we show how non-standard partial life-cycle (PLC) tests allow identifying sensitive development phases/endpoints to EDCs (e.g., anti-androgens) along the life-cycle of Lymnaea stagnalis, a candidate species for the development of forthcoming OECD test guidelines. We also show how non-standard data analysis methods, such as mixed effect models, can be used to avoid underestimation of EDCs toxicity. The second case study illustrates how a non-standard approach can contribute to provide complementary data when standard approaches led to conflicting risk forecasts. In this context, we repeatedly exposed L. stagnalis to pulses of diquat and monitored life-cycle traits. We show how non-standard full life-cycle (FLC) tests allow assessing effective diquat concentrations more realistically and why non-standard models, such as TK-TD models, are relevant to characterise the time-course of biological responses to complex exposure patterns. For each case study, we show how to derive relevant effects criteria and include them in the regulatory risk assessment process. We then investigate whether including this additional data might modify current risk forecasts for the studied compounds. This study illustrates how non-standard test procedures of different nature may contribute to ecological risk assessment of chemicals, when standard procedure are lacking or provide conflicting results. Most importantly, the use of some simple but relevant PLC and FLC tests methods with L. stagnalis should be promoted when standard approaches are suspected to provide unrealistic risk forecasts.

Published
2011

49. MODÉLISATION EN (ÉCO)TOXICOLOGIE

Author

Pery, Alexandre R.R., Hubert, P., Charles, Sandrine, Devillers, J., Ciffroy, P., Perceval, O., Bodin, L., Carpentier, P., Isnard, P., Boutonnet, J-C., Sourisseau, S., Vindimian, E., Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2011

50. Application of a temperature-dependent von Bertalanffy growth model to bullhead textit(Cottus gobio)

Author

Kielbassa, J., Delignette-Muller, Marie Laure, Pont, D., Charles, Sandrine, Baobab, Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, and Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE]

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2010

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