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Severe mental illness disrupts daily functioning, burdening family caregivers, who often adopt spiritual coping strategies. With comprehensive skills, mental health nurses can promote well-being and mental health. The aim is to develop and test the nursing intervention "promoting spiritual coping" in the family caregivers of home-dwelling people with mental illness. This study was conducted in two distinct stages. Initially, the intervention was developed according to the first phase of the Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions. Secondly, the intervention protocol was tested in a mixed-method pilot study. An intervention protocol was developed and tested on ten family caregivers. The intervention comprised three sessions, and before-and-after assessments were conducted. Significant improvements were observed in the outcomes, with caregivers expressing that discussing spirituality and religiosity benefited them. This intervention prioritized the therapeutic relationship of the nurses and family caregivers. The intervention "promoting spiritual coping" was created and evaluated as a suitable approach for mental health nurses to use in a psychotherapeutic context with family caregivers of individuals with mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe a synthesis of the experience related to the spirituality of those living a bereavement journey in primary qualitative studies. Design: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Data Source: A systematic review was carried out in March 2019 and was updated in January 2023. Searching was accomplished by an online database, such as CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, MedicLatina, LILACS, SciELO and Academic Search Complete. The search strategy did not consider a timeline as an eligibility criterion. The quality of the studies was assessed, and a thematic synthesis was performed in this review. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted according to Saini and Shlonsky's methodology. Reporting Method: PRISMA checklist. Results: The review included 33 articles. Most of the studies were phenomenological and focused on parents' and family experiences of bereavement. Seven significant categories emerged, which match unmet spiritual needs during the grieving process. Two major categories were identified regarding the role of spirituality in bereavement: Spirituality as a process and spirituality as an outcome. Conclusion: In clinical practice, attention to spirituality and providing spiritual care is critical to guarantee a holistic approach for those experiencing bereavement. Implications: The findings of our study could foster awareness that healthcare professionals should include the spiritual dimension in their clinical practice to provide holistic care to individuals, enhancing the healing process in bereavement. No Patient or Public Contribution: This is a systematic review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: Being a caregiver of a relative with severe mental illness often impacts the quality of life, physical and mental health.The use of coping strategies related to spirituality can enhance physical and mental well‐being. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This review found 26 primary studies that refer to spiritual aspects of the experience of caring for a relative with mental health problems.Caregivers express spiritual needs, such as hope and finding meaning in life, and spiritual or religious practices that help to cope with stressful situations. What are the implications for practice?: Spiritual needs and spiritual coping strategies of family caregivers of a relative with severe mental illness should be included in mental health nursing care.A spiritually sensitive approach should be used when promoting coping strategies of the family caregivers of a relative with severe mental illness. Introduction: Deinstitutionalization of individuals with severe mental illness transferred the responsibility of care to the relatives who need to adapt their personal life. Caregivers often develop coping strategies which involve the relationship with oneself, others, or the transcendent/God or nature and may include religious/spiritual practices. Question/Aim: This review aims to identify the spiritual aspects of the family caregivers' experiences when caring for a community‐dwelling adult with severe mental illness. Method: The review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Search was conducted in March 2019, updated in August 2020, limited to English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: A total of 26 studies were included. Two synthesized findings emerged: spiritual coping strategies are used by family caregivers; spiritual needs are expressed by family caregivers. The findings are based on the experiences of 467 caregivers, from 14 countries. Discussion: In stressful times, family caregivers question the meaning in life and acknowledge hopelessness. To cope, caregivers mention a turn to the sacred and the use of spiritual/religious practices. Implications for practice: Spirituality should be considered according to caregivers' individual beliefs and needs, as may represent important resources for the sense of meaning and overall well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare is moving from a biomedical paradigm into a holistic paradigm, which includes all dimensions and needs of patients and families. Health conditions may trigger a spiritual journey for believers or non‐believers bringing to light the nature of the human being and its vulnerable condition. Healthcare professionals are full participants in this life and health scenario and have an unquestionable duty related to the provision of spiritual care, on the basis of legislation, ethical codes, and on research evidence. Researchers are seizing better and broader knowledge about spirituality in healthcare, and research about this phenomenon is growing internationally. But, spirituality is considered complex, an area of intimacy and deep subjective meaning. These factors may raise some ethical concerns when submitting research projects to the ethics committees. In this paper, the authors share their experience in research about spirituality in the beginning of life issues/infertility and with adults with severe health conditions, and describe participants' perspectives on research engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: This article explores the current structure of NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses (ND) labels. METHODS: Critical analysis of the ND labels, as categorized in the NANDA‐I terminology. FINDINGS: Most of the 244 ND labels are composed of terms from the focus and judgment axes. CONCLUSIONS: The specificity of the human responses toward health and life transitions may not be totally represented in the two most common axes, as categorized within taxonomy II. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Improvements in NANDA‐I diagnosis labels would contribute to an advanced terminology and to increased specificity and accuracy of the diagnostic process that is needed in clinical practice. Completeness of the ND labels would reflect clinical reasoning preciseness and help students and nurses in delivering more personalized, safe, and effective patient‐centered care. OBJETIVO: Este artigo explora os títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA‐I. MÉTODOS: Análise crítica dos títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA‐I. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos 244 diagnósticos de enfermagem classificados são compostos essencialmente por termos referentes ao foco e ao julgamento. CONCLUSÕES: A especificidade das respostas às transições de saúde e vida pode não estar totalmente representada nos dois eixos mais comuns, como apresentado na taxonomia II. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA: Melhorias nos diagnósticos da NANDA‐I em relação ao seu aspeto multiaxial contribuiriam no desenvolvimento da sua terminologia e poderiam melhorar a especificidade e acurácia do processo diagnóstico que é necessário à prática clínica. Complementar os títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem poderia refletir a acurácia do raciocínio clínico e ajudar os estudantes e enfermeiros em prestarem cuidados centrados no paciente mais personalizados, seguros e eficazes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coping is a multifactorial and individual process related to responding to stressful situations, such as being a caregiver of a relative with health conditions. Spiritual/religious coping is an important internal resource used by individuals enduring stressful situations. The 14-item Brief RCOPE is a widely used instrument but not available in European Portuguese. Objective: To translate, adapt and validate the 14-item Brief RCOPE in Portuguese caregivers of an adult relative with a health condition. Method: The methodological guideline provided by Sousa and Rojjanasrirat was used to examine the psychometric properties of the Brief RCOPE. Results: The linguistic and conceptual equivalence of the scale was determined. The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's α = 0.86). The Principal Axis Factor (PAF) analysis with varimax rotation identified two factors made up of 13 items, and one item was excluded from the scale. Conclusion: The European Portuguese version of the Brief RCOPE is a reliable and valid measure for assessing religious coping of family caregivers of adults with health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the worldwide recognition of the importance of the methodological guidance to the validity and rigour of complex health interventions, this scoping review aims to identify and characterise the scientific evidence on complex health interventions in Portuguese healthcare research. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for scoping reviews will be followed. The population (P) concept (C) context (C) mnemonic will scaffold the research questions, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and searching strategy. MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, and Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal (RCAAP) will be searched. Scientific evidence reporting complex health interventions in the Portuguese healthcare context, in Portuguese and English and published from 2008 and onwards will be considered for inclusion. Literature pertaining to complex health interventions outside the Portuguese healthcare context will be excluded. The literature will be screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers first by title and abstract and subsequently by full-text. A data matrix will be used for data-extraction of the included literature. The charted data will be thematically analysed and presented graphically with a narrative description of the literature characteristics. The results from this literature review are expected to provide an overview of the knowledge concerning the characteristics and methodological guidance of Portuguese complex health interventions.